新教材2023高中英语Unit1ScienceFictionSectionIIIUsingLanguage课件新人教版选择性必修第四册

SectionⅢUsingLanguageⅠ.在括号里写出黑体部分在句中的含义。1.Theysatforhoursdebatingtheprosandcons(

)ofsettinguptheirownfirm.2.Shesufferedfromdizzinessandblurred(

)vision.3.Itcannotbequestionedthatthenewmethodissuperior(

)totheoldone.4.Iamafraidit’snotpossibleforyoutotakeover(

)thejob.5.Wedonotacceptthisasanexcuseforgovernmentinaction(

).6.Thestatementstheygavetothepoliceconflictedwith(

)eachother.7.Thecompanywantstokeepdownlabour(

)costs.8.Weencourageallstudentstoworkattheirownpace(

).9.Thejobwillrequireyoutouseallyourskillstothemaximum(

).10.Theinformationisprocessedinarandom(

)order.答案:1.事物的利与弊2.模糊不清的3.更好的4.接管;接手5.无行动;不采取措施6.与……冲突或抵触7.劳动8.节奏9.最大限度10.随机的Ⅱ.用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。prosandcons,conflictwith,takeover,turnout,fallaway,solongas1.Itisnaturalforpeopletohavesuchtroublesandworries,butthingsmaynot

asbadlyasexpected.

2.Wehadaheateddiscussionastothe

oftheuseofmobilephonesamongstudents.

3.

weuniteandhelpeachother,wecanovercomeanydifficulty.

4.Heheldfirmopinionswhich

mine.

5.Attendancesathislectureare

,

soheisthinkingabouthowtomakehislecturemoreinterestingandattractive.6.SinceKen

thecompanyfromhisfathertwoyearsago,thesaleshaveincreased.

答案:1.turnout

2.prosandcons

3.Solongas4.conflictedwith

5.fallingaway

6.tookoverⅢ.用方框中的句子补全对话(有两项多余)。A.Iwonderwhetheryoulikeherornot.B.Ithinkrobotswillbeabletomakelifesomuchbetterforpeople.C.Maybetheycouldalsomakewonderfuldinnersforparties.D.Yes,thatwouldbegreat.E.Idon’tlikethatidea.Maybeit’sbestforustodoourownwork—whetherit’sgoodornot!F.Iguessmychildrenwouldlikearobotthatdoestheirhomeworkforthem!G.Maybeyou’llhavebetterlucknexttime.Jack:1.

Forexample,nobodywillneedtodohouseworkanymorebecausetherobotwilldoitforthem.

Frank:2.

Theycouldalsotidyupthechildren’sbedroomsafterthey’vegonetobed.

John:3.

Iwonderwhetheryoucouldhavearobotfollowyourinstructions,whetheritistomakeasandwichorcutthegrass.

Frank:4.

Jack:Isupposeminewouldtoo.Butinthatcase,howwouldyoueverknowifsomeonehaddonethehomeworkbythemselves?John:Yes,andifyouhadareallycreativeideawho’dbelievethatyou’dcreatedit?Jack:5.

答案:1.B

2.C

3.D

4.F

5.E

1.superior【观察思考】▶Insci-fistories,robotsoftenbecomesuperiorandtakeover.(教材第6页)在科幻故事中,机器人往往会变得更优秀,并接管一切。▶Thisengineissuperiorinmanyaspectstothatone.这台发动机在很多方面比那台要好。▶Ofthetwohandkerchiefs,Ithinkthisoneissuperiortothatone.在这两条手帕中,我认为这条比那条好。▶Thisclothisinferiortorealsilk.这种织物次于真丝。▶Asisshowninthereport,onlyonesalesmanisseniortomeinthecompany.如报告所示,公司里只有一个售货员比我年长。▶Heisthreeyearsjuniortome,butIamjuniortohiminthefirm.他比我小三岁,但我在公司比他职位低。【探究总结】(1)superioradj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的①besuperior

在……方面占优势

②besuperior

比……更好;比……更胜一筹;优于……;胜过……

(2)beinferiorto

(3)beseniorto

(4)bejuniorto

答案:(1)①in

②to

(2)劣于……;次于……;比……级别低(3)比……年长/职位高(4)比……年幼/职位低【名师点津】superior用作形容词时,本身含有“更……”的意思,没有比较级或最高级形式。【应用实践】(1)单句语法填空。①Atthemeeting,expertsstatedthismethodwassuperior

others.

②Themicrowaveissuperior

designtoallothermodels.

(2)根据汉语句意完成英语句子。①我们不否认你们产品的质量比日本制造的好。Wedon’tdenythatyourproductsare

quality

thoseofJapanesemake.

②她自以为比别人都高明。Sheimaginedherselftobe

others.

③我认为这个比那个要差。Iconsiderthisonetobe

thatone.

④虽然他年长于他的妻子,但他妻子的收入比他高。Althoughheis

hiswife,heis

herinsalary.

⑤总裁的年龄甚至比他的一些雇员还小。Thepresidentissoyoungthatheis

someofhisemployees.

答案:(1)①to

②in

(2)①superiorin

to②superiorto

③inferiorto

④seniorto

inferiorto

⑤juniorto2.takeover【观察思考】▶Whenthefinalvotecame,rationalitytookover.最后一轮投票时,理性占了上风。▶I’mgoingtotakeoverthecompanyoneday.总有一天我要接管这家公司。▶Ifyouwanttotakeoverthejob,youmustfinishitontime.如果你想接手这项工作,你必须按时完成。▶Hetookdownadictionaryfromthetopshelf.他从书架顶格拿下了一本词典。▶Thekindoldladyofferedtotakeinthepoorhomelessstranger.那位好心的老太太主动提出收留这个可怜的无家可归的陌生人。▶Thenewmagazinehasreallytakenoff.这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。▶Nootherorganisationwasableorwillingtotakeonthejob.没有任何别的组织有能力或愿意承担此项工作。▶Youshouldtakeupmysuggestionandstartsavingmoney.你应该接受我的建议,开始存钱。【探究总结】(1)takeover

(2)

拿下;记下;写下;拆掉

(3)

吸收;理解;欺骗;收留

(4)

脱掉;(飞机)起飞;成名

(5)

雇用;聘用;承担;开始呈现

(6)

拿起;接受(建议或挑战);占用;开始从事(某种职业、学习等)

答案:(1)占上风;取而代之;接管;接手(2)takedown

(3)takein

(4)takeoff(5)takeon

(6)takeup【应用实践】根据汉语句意完成英语句子。①下星期我将接管4班。Iwill

Class4nextweek.

②我发现听的时候记笔记很有必要。Ifinditnecessaryto

noteswhilelistening.

③不要被那些承诺让你快速减肥的产品欺骗。Don’t

bythoseproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.

④飞机就要起飞了。Theplaneisaboutto

.

⑤我们厂下个月将再雇用20名工人。Ourfactorywill

twentymoreworkersnextmonth.

⑥他开始把慢跑作为一种锻炼方式。He

joggingasameansofexercise.

答案:①takeover

②takedown

③betakenin

④takeoff

⑤takeon

⑥tookup3.conflictwith【观察思考】▶Arobotmustobeytheordersgivenitbyhumanbeingsexceptwheresuchorderswouldconflictwiththefirstlaw.(教材第7页)机器人必须服从人类的命令,除非这些命令与第一定律相抵触。▶Shefoundherselfinconflictwithherparentsoverherfuturecareer.她发现自己对于未来的职业规划与父母发生了冲突。▶Thelongconflictbetweentheemployersandworkersledtothestrikelastweek.雇主和工人之间的长期冲突导致了上周的罢工。▶Theycameintoconflictwiththelocalvillagersbecauseofaheatedquarrel.由于激烈的争吵,他们与当地村民发生了冲突。【探究总结】(1)conflictvi.(两种思想、信仰、说法等)冲突;抵触conflictwith

(2)conflictn.矛盾;斗争;冲突

①inconflictwith

②conflict

...and...……和……之间的冲突/矛盾

③come

conflictwith与……产生冲突/矛盾

答案:(1)与……冲突或抵触(2)①与……冲突/矛盾②between

③into【应用实践】单句语法填空。①Thisstatementis

conflictwiththeonetheymadelastmonth.

②Theseresultsconflict

earlierfindings.

③Myinterestscome

conflictwithyours.

④Thestorytellsofaclassicconflict

love

duty.

答案:①in

②with

③into

④between

and4.turnout【观察思考】▶Thecampaign,launchedforimprovingtheenvironment,turnedouttobeasuccess.这场为改善环境而发起的运动结果很成功。▶Heneverturnedawayanyonewhoaskedforhishelp.任何人来找他帮忙,他都从不拒绝。▶Pleaseturntheradiodown.I’mtryingtosleep.请把收音机的音量关小,我想睡觉。▶IfeelcoldandI’dliketoturntheheatupalittle.我觉得冷,想把取暖器开大一点。▶Theteachershavetoturninthereportsattheendoftheschoolyear.教师们在学年结束时得交成绩报告单。▶Wehavetoturnoffthemotorofthecarwhilegasisbeingputin.加油时我们必须把车的发动机关掉。▶Pleaseturnonthelightforme;it’sgettingdark.天要黑了,请把灯给我打开。▶Ifyouturnover,youmightfinditeasiertogettosleep.你若翻个身,也许入睡容易些。▶Ihavenoonebutyoutoturnto.你是我唯一可以请求帮助的人。【探究总结】(1)

关掉;熄灭;在场;使朝外;结果是

(2)turn

拒绝……入内;把……打发走

(3)turn

调低(音量等);关小;拒绝

(4)turn

出现;露面;调大;调高(音量等)

(5)turn

上交;交还;退还

(6)turnoff关闭(水、煤气、电灯等)(7)turnon打开(水、煤气、电灯等)(8)turn

打翻;翻身;移交

(9)turnto求助于;致力于;翻到(书的某页);查阅;转向答案:(1)turnout

(2)away

(3)down

(4)up

(5)in

(8)over【应用实践】单句语法填空。①Thecinemaisturningpeople

;theseatsareallsold.

②Turnthelight

,oritwillhurtyoureyes.

③Thosewhowanttogoaretoturn

theirapplicationbeforeFriday.

④Sheturnedthegas

andwentupstairs.

⑤Heturnedtheradio

tolistentothemiddaynews.

⑥Abigwaveturnedtheboat

.

⑦Ifyouturn

page40,youwillfindit.

⑧It’stimetosetoff,butnoonehasturned

.

答案:①away/down

②down

③in

④off⑤on

⑥over

⑦to

⑧up5.urge【观察思考】▶Ihadastrongurgetolookattherandomthingsthatwerebeingflashedbeforemyeyes!(教材第8页)我有一种强烈的欲望,想看看眼前随机闪现的那些东西!▶Ineverfeltanurgetolearnanysignlanguagebefore.以前我从未有过学习手语的想法。▶Heurgedleavingimmediately.他极力主张马上离开。▶Youmusturgethechildrenonorwe’llnevergethome.你必须催促孩子们赶路,不然我们永远也到不了家。▶Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrentotakeadvantageoftheopportunitytojoinsportsteams.父母应积极督促孩子利用这个机会参加体育队。▶Sheurgedmeintogoingtoseehimimmediately.她劝我立即去看他。▶Weurgedthatthebillshouldbepassed.我们强烈要求通过那项议案。▶Itisurgedthatweshouldtakesteps.我们迫切需要采取措施了。【探究总结】(1)urgen.强烈的欲望;冲动have/feelanurge

sth有强烈的欲望做某事;有做某事的欲望/冲动;渴望做某事

(2)urgevt.催促;力劝;大力推荐①urge

sth力劝做某事;大力主张做某事

②urgesth/sb

催促某物/某人前进

③urgesb

/intodoingsth催促某人做某事;力劝某人做某事

④urge

...(should)dosth极力主张/强调……做某事

⑤

...(should)dosth坚决要求……做某事;……急需做某事

(3)urgentadj.

紧急的;迫切的;急迫的(4)urgentlyadv.紧急地(5)urgencyn.紧急;催促答案:(1)todo

(2)①doing

②on

③todo④that

⑤Itisurgedthat【应用实践】(1)单句语法填空。①Ihaveanurge

(help)peopleoutwhenthey’reintrouble.

②Ourteacherurgesus

(study)hardwiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationdrawingnear.

③Weallurged

(stick)tothefourfundamentalprinciples.

④Heurgedthehorse

withawhip.

⑤Iurgedthathe

(take)immediateactiontopreventsuchathinghappeningagain.

⑥Itisstronglyurgedthatallthelamps

(turn)outduringthenight.

(2)同义句转换。Heurgedhertoreconsiderherdecision.→Heurgedher

reconsideringherdecision.

→Heurgedthatshe

(reconsider)herdecision.

→

sheshouldreconsiderherdecision.

答案:(1)①tohelp

②tostudy

③sticking④on

⑤(should)take

⑥beturned(2)into

(should)reconsider

Itwasurgedthat6.无生命主语句

【观察思考】▶Nightcameasifalampwasbeingturnedout,andinanothermomentcametheday.(教材第8页)夜幕降临了,仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭,转眼间,白昼就来临了。▶Thefollowingyearsawthedeathofhismother.第二年他妈妈去世了。▶Theyear1949witnessedthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.1949年中华人民共和国成立了。▶Manytroublesvisitedthepooroldmanlastyear.去年这位可怜的老人碰到了不少麻烦。▶Thesightoftheorphanalwaysremindsmeofherparents.一见到那个孤儿,我就想起她的父母。▶Losinghisfortunedrovehimmad.他由于失去了财产而发疯。▶Mywatchsaysfive.我的表显示五点。▶Herheartdidwhisperthathehaddoneitforher.她心里的确在嘀咕,他这么做是为了她。▶Deathwalksclosertothepatient.死亡离病人越来越近。【探究总结】英语中常会遇到一些无生命名词作主语的句子,这类句子运用拟人写法,客观生动、简洁凝练,把客观事物对人产生的客观效果表达出来,这种句子被称为无生命主语句。英语无生命主语句的类型:(1)以

、地点等名词作主语的句子,常用see、find、witness等动词作谓语。

(2)以具有行为和动作意义的

作主语的句子,如word、anger、faith、sorrow、idea、courage、desire等,常用visit、fail、desert、escape、seize、oppress、depress等动词作谓语。

(3)以表示生理、心理状态的名词和表示某种遭遇的名词作主语的句子,一般用使令动词作谓语,如remind、make、let、lead、send、leave、drive等。(4)以表示其他事物的名词作主语。答案:(1)时间(2)名词【应用实践】翻译句子。①Duskfoundalittleboycryinginthestreet.

②Romewitnessedmanygreathistoricevents.

③Thisstadiumhasseenmanyexcitingfootballmatches.

④Thenameofthefamousactorescapedmeforthemoment.

⑤Whenhemethisgirlfriendforthefirsttime,wordsfailedhim.

⑥Adeepsorrowseizedthemansuddenly.

⑦Hisillnesspreventedhimfromjoiningintheclimbingofthemountain.

⑧Sicknesshadrobbedherofherconfidencethatshecouldcarrytheload.

⑨Thematterasksimmediateattention.

⑩Thedoorrefusedtoclose.

答案:①黄昏时一个小男孩在大街上哭。②在罗马城发生了许多伟大的历史事件。③在这个体育馆里举行过很多精彩的足球赛。④那位著名演员的名字我一时想不起来了。⑤当他第一次见到他女朋友时,他说不出话来。⑥那个人突然产生了一种非常难过的情绪。⑦他因病未能参加爬山。⑧她疾病缠身,没信心挑起这副重担。⑨这件事需要立即予以重视。⑩门关不上。写一篇科幻故事类记叙文

下面是一篇科幻故事,仔细阅读,试着总结一下此类文章的结构并欣赏其语言特点。回顾本单元及以前学过的科幻故事类的记叙文或小说,总结一下此类文章常用的表达。1.词汇前沿科技:

太空科技:

答案:前沿科技:cloningn.

克隆technologicalinnovation科技创新transplantn.

&

vt.

移植newfrontier新领域3Dtechnology3D技术digitaltechnology数字技术artificialintelligence人工智能test-tubebaby试管婴儿GMF=geneticallymodifiedfood转基因食品householdrobot家用机器人industrialrobot工业机器人intelligentterminal智能终端太空科技:telescopen.

望远镜orbitn.(天体等的)运行轨道rocketn.

火箭airspacen.

领空;(某国的)空域astronomyn.

天文学spaceshuttle航天飞机spacestation空间站mannedspaceship/spacecraft载人飞船unmannedspaceship/spacecraft无人飞船circlethemoon绕月landonthemoon登月returntotheearth返回地球carryoutscientificexperiments开展科学实验haveaccesstospacetravel能到太空旅游explorespace探索太空2.句型未来机器人:

未来生活:

科技进步:

答案:未来机器人:Haveyoueverthoughtaboutthelifewithrobotsinthenext50years?Robotsmaybeeverythingexcepthumansinthefuture.SuchrobotsusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.未来生活:Wecanimagineeverythingwillbedoneeasilyandautomatically.Itishardtopredictwhatexactlythefuturewillbelike,buttoexpressimaginaryideasinourmindsisanotherthing.ThisisthelifethatIamlookingforwardto.科技进步:Scienceandtechnologyleadthetimesandkeeppacewiththetimes.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatmoderntechnologybringsusconvenienceandcomfortinlife.Inthelastdecades,advancesinmedicaltechnologyhavemadeitpossibleforpeopletolivelongerthaninthepast.Inthishigh-techera,thereisalmostnodistancebetweenpeople.

根据下面的提示以“ADayofLifein2040”为题,讲述你2040年一天的生活。内容要点如下:(1)早上7点你醒了,你赶紧起床,因为9点在天津有一个重要会议。(2)你让机器人去准备早饭,你自己去冲了个澡。冲完澡,早饭已做好了。(3)你走出别墅(villa),一辆自动轿车接你去开会。时速380千米/时,路上很畅通。(4)开完会,你觉得很累。你走出会议室,呼吸着新鲜的空气。多么美好的一天啊!注意:词数80左右。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。ADayofLifein2040Itisseveno’clockinthemorningwhenIwakeuponApril4,2040.

AfterthemeetingIamtired.Iwalkouttobreathethefreshspringair.Whatagoodday!答案:

ADayofLifein2040

Itisseveno’clockinthemorningwhenIwakeuponApril4,2040.Ihurryup,forIhaveanimportantmeetingatnineo’clockinTianjin.Itellmyrobottopreparebreakfast,andIgototakeashower.WhenIcomeoutofthebathroom,