山西省临汾市2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中考试英语试题

高一英语(人教版)试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在试卷和答题卡指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用的黑色笔迹签字笔写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15.B．£9.18.C．£9.15.答案是C。1．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Sunny.B．Windy.C．Rainy.2．WhenwillthemanseeBob?A．ThisFriday.B．ThisSaturday.C．NextMonday.3．Wheredoestheconversationhappen?A．Inalibrary.B．Inastreet.C．Inabookstore.4．Whatdoesthatwomanlikemostabouttheplay?A．Theboy.B．Theactress.C．Thefamily.5．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．Stayathome.B．Playwithsnow.C．Playbadminton.第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whendoesthewomanchoosethiscourse?A．Lastterm.B．Thisterm.C．Nextterm.7．Inwhataspectsdoesthemangetalotofpractice?A．Inlisteningandreading.B．Inlisteningandwriting.C．Inlisteningandspeaking.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Howmuchdidthemanweighlastmonth?A．140pounds.B．150pounds.C．160pounds.9．Whatdoesthewomandotokeepslim?A．Drinkmilkandtea.B．Eatmeatandeggs.C．Eatfruitandvegetables.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10．WherearethespeakersgoingtocelebratetheNewYear?A．IntheUS.B．InJapan.C．InKorea.11．Whowillpayforthetraintickets?A．Theman’saunt.B．Theman’scousin.C．Thewoman’sparents.12．Howmanypeoplewilletothecelebrationintotal?A．8.B．9.C．10.13．Whyisthewoman’ssisterflyinghomeearly?A．Shehastowork.B．Shewantstorelaxathome.C．Shewillmoveintoanewapartment.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A．Tofixameeting.B．Tosendanemail.C．Totellsomechanges15．WhereisRon?A．Inhisoffice.B．Inthemeetingroom.C．Inthesalesdepartment.16．Howmanycopiesdoesthewomanhavetomakeinall?A．60.B．55.C．50.17．HowwillthespeakersgettotheWilton?A．Bytaxi.B．Onfoot.C．Bybus.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Howdidthespeakerknowabouttheproject?A．Fromhiscousins.B．Fromhisneighbors.C．Fromhisfriends.19．Whatisthespeaker’snationality?A．American.B．Chinese.C．Australian.20．WherewilltheactivitytakeplaceonJanuary11thnextyear?A．Bytherivers.B．Attheseaside.C．Inthewoods.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASpecialOffersBuyOne,GetOneFreeBuyoneshirtatLOTTEMart’sMenswear,andgetanothershirtofthesamevaluefree.Youcanchooseanytiehere,thenwewillgiveyouanotheroneatnocost.Hurry!OfferendsonNovember10.5Hours’FreeParkingIfyouspend100yuanormoreinRTMart,youwillreceivefivehoursoffreeparking.Whenyouhavespent100yuanormore,justtakethisticketthatyoupayforyourgoodstotheservicedesk.Theywillstampyourparkingtickettoallow5hoursoffreeparking.FreeSoftDrinkIfyoubuyanymealforatleast6yuanatMike’sCafe,youcanreceiveafreesoftdrink.Weservethebesthamburgersandsnacksinthemall.einandtryourdeliciousmealsandourexcellentservice.FreesoftdrinkofferendsonNovember12.20%OffShowthisticketatXinhuaBookstoretogeta20%discountonanybookyoubuy.Youhavelotsofbookstochoosefrom,includingchildren’sbooks,novels,travelguidesandhobbies.Youaresuretofindsomethingthatyou’llenjoy.ShopnowfortheNewYear.1.Howlongcanyouparkforfreeafterspending160yuaninRTMart?A.5hours. B.7hours. C.8hours. D.9hours.2.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoubuyanovelworth60yuan?A.54yuan. B.48yuan. C.36yuan. D.12yuan.3.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anadvertisement. B.Anannouncement. C.Areport. D.Astory.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本篇是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四种特价优惠活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据5Hours’FreeParking中“Ifyouspend100yuanormoreinRTMart,youwillreceivefivehoursoffreeparking.(如果您在大润发消费满100元，您将获得5小时免费停车)”可知，如果在大润发消费满160元，能免费停车5小时。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据20%Off中“ShowthisticketatXinhuaBookstoretogeta20%discountonanybookyoubuy.Youhavelotsofbookstochoosefrom,includingchildren’sbooks,novels,travelguidesandhobbies.(在新华书店出示这张票，买任何书都可以打八折。你有很多书可以选择，包括儿童书籍、小说、旅游指南和兴趣爱好)”可知，买书可以打八折，所以60元的书需支付60*80%=48元。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据表格中的主题信息“BuyOne,GetOneFree(买一送一)”，“5Hours’FreeParking(5小时免费停车)”，“FreeSoftDrink(免费软饮)”以及“20%Off(20%的折扣)”，可知，都是一些促销信息，所以属于一则广告。故选A项。BOnedaywhenIwas12,mymothergavemeanorder:Iwastowalktothepubliclibrary,andborrowatleastonebookforthesummer.Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeprobleminabilityread.Inthelibrary,Ifoundmywayintothe“Children’sRoom”.Isatdownonthefloorandpulledafewbooksofftheshelfatrandom.Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle(小猎犬).Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle,thefirstandonlyanimalfriendIeverhadasachild.Hewasmysecretsharer,butonemorning,hewasgone,givenawaytosomeonewhohadthespaceandthemoneytocareforhim.Ineverforgotmybeagle.Thereonthebook’scoverwasabeaglewhichlookedidentical(相同的)tomydog.Iranmyfingersoverthepictureofthedogonthecover.Myeyesranacrossthetitle,Amos,theBeaglewithaPlan.Unknowingly,Ihadreadthetitle.Withoutopeningthebook,Iborroweditfromthelibraryforthesummer.UndertheshadeofabushIstartedtoreadaboutAmos.Ireadvery,veryslowlywithdifficulty.Thoughpageswereturnedslowly,Igotthemainideaofthestory,aboutadogwho,likemine,hadbeenseparatedfromhisfamilyandwhofinallyfoundhiswaybackhome.Thatdogwasmydog,andIwasthelittleboyinthebook.Attheendofthestory,mymindcontinuedthefinalsceneofreunion,onandonuntilmylostdogandIwere,inmymind,runningtogether.Mymother’scallreturnedmetotherealworld.Isuddenlyrealizedsomething:Ihadreadabook,andIhadlovedreadingthatbook.EveryoneknewIcouldnotread.ButIhadreadit.BookscouldbeincrediblywonderfulandIwasgoingtoreadthem.Inevertoldmymotheraboutmy“miraculous”(奇迹般的)experiencethatsummer,butshesawaslowbutremarkableimprovementinmyclassroomperformanceduringthenextyear.Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks,wasawardedaPh.D.inliteratureandauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.Thepowerofthewordshasheld.4.Whatdidthemotherordertheauthortodoattheageof12?A.Toborrowbooksinthelibrary. B.Todefeathisclassmates.C.Toreadbooksinthelibrary. D.Tolearntokeeppets.5.WhydidtheauthorchoosethebookoftheBeagle?A.Becauseitwasastoryofhisbeagle.B.Becauseitpresentedapictureofabeagle.C.Becausehecouldreadthebookwithoutdifficulties.D.Becausethebeagleonthecoverlookedthesameashisdog.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Thisbook’sheroistheauthor.B.Theauthormissedhisbeagleverymuch.C.Theauthorandhisbeaglewillruntogether.D.Theauthor’sdogreturnedtotheowner’sfamily.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusintheend?A.Heisproudofhisdog.B.Hehasownedthousandsofbooks.C.Wecanneverignorethecharmofabook.D.Weshouldcaremoreaboutanimalsforever.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者曾经是一个有阅读障碍的孩子，12岁那年他听从妈妈的命令去图书馆借书，结果看到了一本关于小狗的书，这本书让作者产生了共鸣，此后作者喜欢上了读书，最后获得了文学博士学位并成为一名作家。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“OnedaywhenIwas12,mymothergavemeanorder:Iwastowalktothepubliclibrary,andborrowatleastonebookforthesummer.(我12岁的一天，母亲给了我一个命令：我要步行去公共图书馆，夏天至少借一本书。)”可知，当时是作者的妈妈让他去图书馆借书。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thereonthebook’scoverwasabeaglewhichlookedidentical(相同的)tomydog.

Iranmyfingersoverthepictureofthedogonthecover.Myeyesranacrossthetitle,Amos,theBeaglewithaPlan.Unknowingly,Ihadreadthetitle.Withoutopeningthebook,Iborroweditfromthelibraryforthesummer.(书的封面上有一只小猎犬，看起来和我的狗一模一样。我用手指抚摸着封面上那只狗的照片。我的目光掠过书名，《阿莫斯，有计划的小猎犬》。不知不觉中，我读到了书名。我没有打开这本书，就从图书馆借了一个暑假。)”可知，作者选择这本书是因为书封面上的小狗和他丢失的小狗很相似。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Attheendofthestory,mymindcontinuedthefinalsceneofreunion,onandonuntilmylostdogandIwere,inmymind,runningtogether.(在故事的最后，我的脑海里继续着团聚的最后一幕，一遍又一遍，直到我和我丢失的狗在我的脑海中一起奔跑。)”可知，作者感同身受地把自己与书本的主人公联系在一起，在脑海中幻想自己和丢失的狗在一起的场景，由此可以推断出他对自己丢失的小狗非常思念。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Inevertoldmymotheraboutmy‘miraculous’(奇迹般的)experiencethatsummer,butshesawaslowbutremarkableimprovementinmyclassroomperformanceduringthenextyear.Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks,wasawardedaPh.D.inliteratureandauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.Thepowerofthewordshasheld.(那年夏天，我从未告诉母亲我“奇迹般”的经历，但她看到我在第二年的课堂表现有了缓慢但显著的改善。多年后，她为儿子读了数千本书，获得了文学博士学位，并撰写了自己的书籍、文章、诗歌和小说而感到骄傲。文字的力量一直存在。)”可知，作者从一个有阅读障碍的孩子到成为一个成功的作家，这彰显了文字的力量。由此可推测出，读书对作者的影响非常大，书籍的魅力不可小觑。故选C。CDidyoubuytoomuchbreadbeforeheadingoutforaholiday?Didyougiveupthevegetablesthataregoingbad?Inanefforttohelpecoconsciousconsumers,aGenevanonprofitisspeedingupitsplanofstreetside,freeaccesspublicrefrigeratorsthatrestaurateurs,athomecooksandotherscanusetogiveawayfoodthat’sabouttogobad.It’spartofabiggereffortbymunitiesinSwitzerlandandotherEuropeancountriestodotheirpartfortheenvironmentwhilehelpingtocutdownonfoodwaste.ThenonprofitFreeGohasplacedrefrigeratorsandshelvesinGenevawherepassersbycangetfruit,vegetables,breadandotherperishables(易变质食品)totakehomeforfree.Theprogramcostsabout$40,000toruneachyearandenjoysthesupportfromthecitygovernment.ItbeganayearagowithasinglefridgeoutsideamunitycenterinwesternGenevaanditnowhasfourfridges,strategicallyplacedaroundtown.Afifthoneisplannedbeforeyear’send.FreeGoisexperimentingwithscheduledpickupsatapartmentbuildingstomakeiteasierforresidents(居民)toparticipateintheprogram.Ithasalsosetupa“hotline”thatrestaurateurscanusetocallforthecollectionofunusedfood.FreeGosaysgiversoffoodfromtheprivatesector,suchasrestaurants,mustmakeapromisetoensurethegivenfoodissafetoeat.FreeGosaysabout1billiontonsoffoodgotowasteeveryyeararoundtheworld—usingupenergyandotherresourcesinthefarmingandtransportationprocess.Similarfoodsharingactivitiesareinplaceinthecapital,Bern,aftertheideawasimportedfromGermany.AccordingtoFoodsharing.de,amunitygroupinGermanythatstartedmorethanadecadeago,morethanahalfmillionpeopleinGermany,SwitzerlandandAustriahavemade“thefoodsharinginitiativeaninternationalmovement”andhavehelpedsave83milliontonsoffoodfromgoingtowaste.8.HowdidtheFreeGoprogramstartinthebeginning?A.Withtwofridgesinalocalsupermarket.B.WithasinglefridgeoutsideinwesternGeneva.C.Withthreefridgesdistributedinvariousparks.D.WithalargestoragefacilityincentralGeneva.9.WhatisthemainobjectiveoftheFreeGo?A.Topromotelocalrestaurants.B.Toproviderefrigerationservices.C.Toestablishahotlineforfoodcollection.D.Toreducefoodwasteandhelptheenvironment.10.WhatistheprimarypurposeofFreeGo’s“hotline”?A.Toreportrefrigeratorsinbadcondition.B.Forresidentstoschedulefoodpickups.C.Toprovideinformationaboutsafefoodhandling.D.Forrestaurateurstocallforthecollectionofunusedfood.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheFreeGo’sprogram?A.Critical. B.Negative. C.Positive. D.Indifferent.【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本篇是说明文，为了减少食物浪费，日内瓦的一家非营利组织推广了路边免费公共冰箱。餐馆老板等其他人都可以利用这些冰箱送走即将变质的食物。路人可以在此免费把冰箱中的食物带回家。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“ItbeganayearagowithasinglefridgeoutsideamunitycenterinwesternGenevaanditnowhasfourfridges,strategicallyplacedaroundtown.(一年前，它开始在日内瓦西部的一个社区中心外只有一个冰箱，现在有四个冰箱，战略性地放在城镇的周围。)”可知，一年前，该计划是从日内瓦西部一个社区中心外的一台冰箱开始，故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’spartofabiggereffortbymunitiesinSwitzerlandandotherEuropeancountriestodotheirpartfortheenvironmentwhilehelpingtocutdownonfoodwaste.(这是瑞士和其他欧洲国家社区在帮助减少食物浪费的同时为环境尽一份力的更大努力的一部分。)”可知，路边免费公共冰箱这一举措是为保护环境、减少食物浪费而做出的努力，故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Ithasalsosetupa“hotline”thatrestaurateurscanusetocallforthecollectionofunusedfood.(它还设立了一条“热线”，餐馆老板可以通过它来呼吁收集未食用的食物。)”可知，FreeGo设立了一条“热线”，供餐馆老板拨打收集闲置食品，故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’spartofabiggereffortbymunitiesinSwitzerlandandotherEuropeancountriestodotheirpartfortheenvironmentwhilehelpingtocutdownonfoodwaste.(这是瑞士和其他欧洲国家社区在帮助减少食物浪费的同时为环境尽一份力的更大努力的一部分。)”以及全文内容可知，作者对公共冰箱这一举措是持肯定态度的，故选C。DIfyou’resomeonewhohasbeenworryingabouttheriseoftherobots—holdontherejustasecond,andletthemhelpyouimpressyourfriendswithsomenewfoundskillsinaforeignlanguage.Usingartificialintelligence(AI)tohelpuslearnandimprovethoseskillsisnotnew—someoftheonlinelanguagetoolsweturntoeverydayarepoweredbyAI.Butasnewtechnologiesfloodintothemarket,nowisagreattimetotakeadvantageofthetech.Andaccordingtoexperts,thesetoolsaren’treplacingteachers—they’remakingtheirliveseasier.Oneofthethingsthatstopssomeofusfrompracticingspeakinginanewlanguageisalackofselfconfidence.AIcanhelp—chatbotsdon’tjudgeyou.Ofcourse,teachersdon’teither,butforsomepeople,municatingwithabotmayerasethatfearoffailureorshyness.Thelatestchatbotsusesomethingcallednaturallanguageprocessingthatallowsthemtounderstandhumanspeechorwriting,providingahumanlikeresponserightaway.Whilechatbotsareextremelyusefulforlearnersworkingindividually,teacherscanalsooffercoursematerialandaskanAIsystemtoproducepersonalizedtextbooksforgroupsofstudents.TheAIcanalsoprovidefeedback(反馈)inseconds—gonearethedaysofwaitingaweekforworktobegraded.Pastonlinelanguagetoolsandgameswereabletotellyouwhenyouwerewrong,buttheyweren’talwaysabletoexplainwhy.Now,notonlyhasthatchanged,buttheexplanationsaredetailedandimmediate.Butthisisnottounderestimatetheroleoftheteacher,whocanusethetechnologytohelplearnmoreaboutthestrengthsandweaknessesoftheirstudentsandpersonalizetheirteaching.So,ifyouwanttoimpressyourfriendswithyourperfectspeech,don’tbeafraidofAI.Justthinkofitasausefultoolforbothteachersandlanguagelearners,whichwillgiveyoumoretimeandspacetoenjoylearningsomethingnew!12.Whatisthemainthemeofthearticle?A.ThedangersofAlrobots.B.Thehistoryofonlinelanguagetools.C.ThebenefitsofAIinlanguagelearning.D.Theroleofteachersinthemodernclassroom.13.Whymightsomeoneprefermunicatingwithabot?A.Becausebotsgradeworkfaster.B.Becausebotsprovidetextbooks.C.Becausebotsaremoreknowledgeable.D.Becausebotsmayremovethefearoffailureorshyness.14.WhatisthebenefitofAIproducingpersonalizedtextbooks?A.Itsavestimeforteachers. B.Itreducesthecostofeducation.C.Itmeetsindividualstudents’needs. D.Itprovidesdetailedlessonplans.15.Whatwordmightreplacetheunderlinedword“underestimate”inparagraph4?A.Undervalue. B.Underscore. C.Undertake. D.Understand.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人工智能在语言学习中带给人们的好处。【12题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Usingartificialintelligence(AI)tohelpuslearnandimprovethoseskillsisnotnew—someoftheonlinelanguagetoolsweturntoeverydayarepoweredbyAI.(使用人工智能（AI）来帮助我们学习和提高这些技能并不是什么新鲜事——我们每天使用的一些在线语言工具就是由人工智能驱动的。)”可知，本文主要讲述人工智能在语言学习中带给人们的好处，因此本文的主题是C选项“ThebenefitsofAIinlanguagelearning.(人工智能在语言学习中的好处。)”。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Oneofthethingsthatstopssomeofusfrompracticingspeakinginanewlanguageisalackofselfconfidence.AIcanhelp—chatbotsdon’tjudgeyou.Ofcourse,teachersdon’teither,butforsomepeople,municatingwithabotmayerasethatfearoffailureorshyness.(阻碍我们中一些人练习说一门新语言的原因之一是缺乏自信。人工智能可以提供帮助——聊天机器人不会评判你。当然，老师也不会，但对一些人来说，与机器人交流可能会消除他们对失败的恐惧或害羞。)”可知，有人更喜欢和机器人交流是因为机器人可以消除对失败的恐惧或害羞。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Whilechatbotsareextremelyusefulforlearnersworkingindividually,teacherscanalsooffercoursematerialandaskanAIsystemtoproducepersonalizedtextbooksforgroupsofstudents.(虽然聊天机器人对单独学习的学习者非常有用，但教师也可以提供课程材料，并要求人工智能系统为学生群体制作个性化教科书。)”可知，人工智能制作个性化教科书的好处是它可以满足学生的个性化需求，故选C。【15题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“

theteacher,

whocanusethetechnologytohelplearnmoreaboutthestrengthsandweaknessesoftheirstudentsandpersonalizetheirteaching.(老师可以使用技术来帮助更多地了解学生的优点和缺点，并个性化他们的教学。)”可知，老师的角色是不能被地地低估的，划线词underestimate的意思是“低估”，和undervalue意思相近，故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtomakenewfriendsWetendtomakefriendswithpeoplewecrosspathswithregularly:peoplewegotoschoolwith,workwith,orlivecloseto.____16____.So,lookattheplacesyoufrequentasyoustartyoursearchforpotentialfriends.MeetnewpeopleWhenlookingtomeetnewpeople,trytoopenyourselfuptonewexperiences.Noteverythingyoutrywillleadtosuccessbutyoucanalwayslearnfromtheexperienceandhopefullyhavesomefun.Volunteeringcanbeagreatwaytohelpotherswhilealsomeetingnewpeople.____17____.ConnectwithyourschoolfellowassociationManyschoolshaveschoolfellowassociationsthatmeetregularly.Youalreadyhavetheschoolexperienceinmon.____18____.Someassociationsalsoprovidemunityserviceeventsorworkshopswhereyoucanmeetmorepeople.____19____Evenifyou’velivedinthesameplaceallyourlife,takethetimetoreexploreyourneighborhoodattractions.Newarrivalstoanytownorcitytendtovisittheseplacesfirst—andthey’reoftenkeentomeetnewpeopleandestablishfriendships,too.TakeamomenttounplugIt’sdifficulttomeetnewpeopleinanysocialsituationifyou’remoreinterestedinyourphonethanthepeoplearoundyou.____20____.Makingeyecontactandexchangingsmalltalkwithstrangersisgreatpracticeformakingconnections—andyouneverknowwhereitmaylead!A.CheeronyourteamlikeamemberB.BehavelikesomeonenewtoyourareaC.CheckwithyourlibraryorlocalpaperforeventsnearyouD.AndbringingupoldtimesmakesforaneasyconversationstarterE.Themoreweseesomeone,themorelikelyafriendshipistodevelopF.Putyoursmartphoneawaywhileyou’rewaitingforabus,forexampleG.Italsogivesyoutheopportunitytoregularlydevelopyoursocialskills【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.B20.F【解析】【导语】本篇是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何交朋友的四种好方法。16题详解】根据上文“Wetendtomakefriendswithpeoplewecrosspathswithregularly:peoplewegotoschoolwith,workwith,orlivecloseto.(我们倾向于和经常接触的人交朋友:和我们一起上学、一起工作或住得很近的人)”以及后文“So,lookattheplacesyoufrequentasyoustartyoursearchforpotentialfriends.(所以，当你开始寻找潜在的朋友时，看看你经常去的地方)”可知，想要交朋友应该去一些共同去的地方，这样可以见到很多人，也更有可能与这些人成为朋友，E选项“我们见到某人越多，就越有可能发展友谊”符合语境。故选E。【17题详解】根据段落标题“Meetnewpeople(见新的人)”以及空前“Volunteeringcanbeagreatwaytohelpotherswhilealsomeetingnewpeople.(志愿服务可以是一个很好的方式来帮助别人，同时也结识新朋友)”可知，本句主要说明志愿服务对于交友的作用。G选项“它也给了你定期发展社交技能的机会”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据段落标题“Connectwithyourschoolfellowassociation(与同学会保持联系)”及空前“Youalreadyhavetheschoolexperienceinmon.(你们已经有了共同的学校经历)”可知，本段主要说明与以前的有共同学校经历的同学保持联系，这样就可以通过回忆旧日时光展开话题，D选项“旧事重提可以很容易地成为谈话的开场白”符合语境。故选D。【19题详解】根据本段内容“Evenifyou’velivedinthesameplaceallyourlife,takethetimetoreexploreyourneighborhoodattractions.Newarrivalstoanytownorcitytendtovisittheseplacesfirst—andthey’reoftenkeentomeetnewpeopleandestablishfriendships,too.(即使你一生都住在同一个地方，也要花时间重新探索一下附近的景点。新到任何城镇或城市的人往往首先参观这些地方，他们通常也热衷于结识新朋友并建立友谊)”可知，即使是你的故乡，你也可以重新探索一番，而选项B正是说可以把自己当作是初来乍到，与内容相吻合，B选项“表现得像新来的人一样”符合语境。故选B。【20题详解】根据段落标题“Takeamomenttounplug(花点时间拔掉插头)”以及后文“Makingeyecontactandexchangingsmalltalkwithstrangersisgreatpracticeformakingconnections—andyouneverknowwhereitmaylead!(与陌生人进行眼神交流和寒暄是建立联系的好方法——你永远不知道这会把你引向何方！)”可知,作者建议少玩，多做眼神接触或者多与周围的人交流，与选项F中，等公共汽车时放下多与人交流相吻合，F选项“比如，在等公交车的时候把智能收起来”符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnaSundayevening,IwasridinghomewhenIsawamaninfrontofme,abouthalfamileaway.Inoticedthemanwastravellingataspeedlowerthanme.So,Idecidedto____21____him.Ihadabouta____22____togoontheroadbeforeturningoff.SoIstartedcyclingfasterandfasterandeveryblock,Iwasgainingonhimjustalittlebit.Justwithinminutes,Iwasabout50m____23____him,soIgatheredallmy____24____andtriedhardtoovertakehim,andfinally,Iwasaheadofhim.And,finally,Icaughtupwithhimandpassedhimby.Within,whilehehadnocluethatwewereina____25____,Ifeltlikeawinner,“Iwon”.AfterI____26____him,IrealizedthatIhadbeenso____27____petingagainsthimthatIhad____28____myturn,hadgonenearlysix____29____pastitandhadtoturnaroundandgoallback.Isn’tthatwhat____30____inlife?Wespendmostofourtimein____31____withneighbors,friends,family,tryingtooutperformthem,ortryingtobeinfrontofthemthoughwewere____32____intheracewiththem.Weusemostofourtimeand____33____inpetitionandinsteadof____34____ourdestination,wemissoutonourown____35____toourhappylife.21.A.overtake B.follow C.beat D.contact22.A.hour B.mile C.kilometer D.minute23.A.over B.beside C.ahead D.behind24.A.spirit B.courage C.strength D.mind25.A.race B.group C.team D.channel26.A.told B.passed C.stopped D.informed27.A.tiredof B.focusedon C.worriedabout D.usedto28.A.lost B.changed C.found D.missed29.A.streets B.departments C.blocks D.buildings30.A.avoids B.defeats C.happens D.shows31.A.petition B.performance C.munication D.terms32.A.often B.usually C.ever D.never33.A.money B.speed C.energy D.luck34.A.ignoring B.reaching C.forgetting D.continuing35.A.paths B.doors C.bridges D.halls【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.B27.B28.D29.C30.C31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述作者在骑车回家的路上所发生的一段故事，提示人们不要将时间过多地浪费在和其他人攀比上，要专注于自己的目标，走自己的路。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我决定超过他。A.overtake超过；B.follow跟随；C.beat打败；D.contact联系。根据下文的“soIgatheredallmy4andtriedhardtoovertakehim,andfinally,Iwasaheadofhim.”（所以我集中了所有的力量，努力超越他，最后，我超过了他。）可知，作者是想要超过他。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在这条路上再走大约一英里就转弯了。A.hour小时；B.mile英里；C.kilometer公里；D.minute分钟。根据前文“OnaSundayevening,IwasridinghomewhenIsawamaninfrontofme,abouthalfamileaway.”（一个星期天的晚上，我正骑车回家，这时我看见一个男人在我前面，大约半英里远。）中的“halfamile”和“Inoticedthemanwastravellingataspeedlowerthanme.”（我注意到那个人的速度比我慢。）可知，那个人在作者前面半英里远，速度还比他慢，而作者想要超过他，应该是因为自己还有大约一英里的路程就转弯了。故选B。【23题详解】考查介词或副词词义辨析。句意：就几分钟内，我就在他身后50米的地方，所以我集中了所有的力量，努力超越他，最后，我超过了他。A.over越过；B.beside在……旁边；C.ahead副词，在前面；D.behind在……后面。根据句中“soIgatheredallmy4andtriedhardtoovertakehim,”可知，作者之所以要全力以赴超过他，是因为差50米就追上他了，可见在他身后50米处。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就几分钟内，我就在他身后50米的地方，所以我集中了所有的力量，努力超越他，最后，我超过了他。A.spirit精神；B.courage勇气；C.strength力量；D.mind思想、头脑。根据句中“triedhardtoovertakehim”可知，骑车需要体力，想要超过他，就要集中所有力量。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他还没有意识到我们在比赛，我却感觉自己像个胜利者，“我赢了”。A.race速度竞赛、比赛；B.group群体；C.team小组；D.channel频道、渠道。根据句中“winner”和“Iwin”可知，作者把这次超过对方的过程当作了一次比赛，而自己是胜利者。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方，已经走过了将近六个街区，不得不掉头往回走。A.told告诉；B.passed经过；C.stopped阻止；D.informed通知。根据前文“And,finally,Icaughtupwithhimandpassedhimby.”（最后，我追上了他，从他身边经过。）可知，作者最终超过了他，从他身边经过。故选B。【27题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方，已经走过了将近六个街区，不得不掉头往回走。A.tiredof厌倦；B.focusedon专注于；C.worriedabout担忧；D.usedto习惯于。根据前文“soIgatheredallmy4andtriedhardtoovertakehim.”（所以我集中了所有的力量，努力超越他。）和“Within,whilehehadnocluethatwewereina5,Ifeltlikeawinner,“Iwon”.”（尽管他还没有意识到我们在比赛，我却感觉自己像个胜利者，“我赢了”。）可知，作者把超过他当作一场比赛，集中全力试图打败他，所以一直专注于和他竞争。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方，已经走过了将近六个街区，不得不掉头往回走。A.lost失去；B.changed改变；C.found发现；D.missed错过。根据句中“hadgonenearlysix9pastitandhadtoturnaroundandgoallback.”可知，作者在经过拐弯处是又走了近六个街区，不得不掉头往后走，说明他错过了拐弯处。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方，已经走过了将近六个街区，不得不掉头往回走。A.streets街道；B.departments部门；C.blocks街区；D.buildings建筑物。根据第一段“SoIstartedcyclingfasterandfasterandeveryblock,Iwasgainingonhimjustalittlebit.”（所以我开始骑得越来越快，每过一个街区，我就会超过他一点点。）中的“block”可知，作者骑车是经过许多街区的。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这难道不是生活中发生的事情吗？A.avoids避免；B.defeats战胜；C.happens发生；D.shows展示。根据第一、二段所描述的作者骑车的经历可知，这些就是我们生活中真实发生的事情。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们大部分时间都在与邻居、朋友、家人竞争，试图超越他们，或者试图走在他们前面，尽管我们从来没有和他们比赛过。A.petition竞争；B.performance表演；C.munication交流；D.terms学期、术语。根据句中“tryingtooutperformthem,ortryingtobeinfrontofthem”可知，我们大部分时间都在和周围人竞争，试图超过他们。故选A。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们大部分时间都在与邻居、朋友、家人竞争，试图超越他们，或者试图走在他们前面，尽管我们从来没有和他们比赛过。A.often经常；B.usually通常；C.ever曾经；D.never从未。根据连词“though”可知，前后两句之间为转折关系，根据前句“Wespendmostofourtimein11withneighbors,friends,familyt,tryingtooutperformthem,ortryingtobeinfrontofthem”可知，前句指我们大部分时间都在竞争，后句应表示尽管我们从没有和他们比赛过。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把大部分的时间和精力用在竞争上，而不是达到我们的目标，我们错过了自己通往幸福生活的道路。A.money金钱；B.speed速度；C.energy精力；D.luck运气。根据前文“IrealizedthatIhadbeenso7petingagainsthimthatIhad8myturn,”（我意识到我太专注于和他竞争了，以至于我错过了该拐弯的地方）和“Wespendmostofourtimein11withneighbors,friends,family,tryingtooutperformthem,ortryingtobeinfrontofthem”（我们大部分时间都在与邻居、朋友、家人竞争，试图超越他们，或者试图走在他们前面。）可知，我们与周围人竞争，不仅要花费很多时间，还要投入很多精力、专注于比赛，努力超越他们。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把大部分的时间和精力用在竞争上，而不是达到我们的目标，我们错过了自己通往幸福生活的道路。A.ignoring忽视；B.reaching到达；C.forgetting忘记；D.continuing继续。根据前文“IrealizedthatIhadbeenso7petingagainsthimthatIhad8myturn,”（我意识到