2022届高考英语阅读理解专项训练（六）

2022届高考英语阅读理解专项训练

（六）

A

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案.

Manythingsaboutus,includingouraccent,behaviorandpersonality,canshowotherswhere

wearefrom,butdidyouknowthesameideaappliestoyourbodyandfacialmovements?

Whileit'strueweallsmilewhenwe'rehappyandnodourheadwhenweagreewithothers,

manystudieshaveshownthatsmalldifferencescancorrectlyshowyourethnicity（种族渊源）.

OnesuchstudycamefromresearchersHillaryElfenbeinandAbigailA.Marsh.Theyshowed

agroupofAmericanstwocollectionsofphotosfeaturingpicturesofJapaneseandJapanese

Americans.Itwasonlywhenparticipantsshowedemotiondidthestudygroupcorrectlyguesstheir

ethnicity.Similarly,astudyfromGlasgowUniversity,Scotland,showedthatEastAsianswerebetter

abletorecognizesubtle（细微的）computer-generated（电脑生成的）facialexpressionsfromtheir

ownculturethanWesternones.

Besidesfacialexpressions,didyouknowyourbodyalsoshowsyourculturethrough

movements?AccordingtotheAtlantic,theAmericangait（walkingstyle）usuallyfeatureslarger

strides（大步）andanoticeablearmswing（摇摆）comparedtomostEuropeans.Unlikethem,

Japanesepeoplewalkwithmoreshoulderandlessarmmovement.Often,yourwalkingstylecomes

fromyourparents,andrecentlyChinesetechnologycompanyWatrixsaidtheirtechnologycan

identifypeoplejustfromfootage（镜头）ofthemwalking,upto94percentofthetime.

OnefamousgaitisthatofRussianPresidentVladimirPutin.AsaformerKGBagent（间谍）

for15years,hewastrainedtokeephis“gunarm“closetohisweapon.Eventoday,aspresident,

whenhewalks,hestillhardlymoveshisrightarmwhilekeepinghisleftarmswingingnaturally.

Anothercommontellishowonecountsnumbersontheirfingers.IntheUK,threewouldbe

shownwiththemiddlethreefingers,whereasthethumb,index（食指）,andmiddlefingerwouldbe

usedinGermany.Furthermore,inJapan,fivewouldbeshownwithaclosedfist.

Allofthesegotoshowthatwecancommunicateasmuchwithourbodiesandfacesaswedo

withourvoices.

1.WhatdidthestudybyHillaryElfenbeinandAbigailA.Marshfind?

A.Ouraccent,behaviorandpersonalitycanshowourethnicity.

B.Smilingornoddingyourheadhasthesamemeaningaroundtheworld.

C.Facialexpressionscanshowwherepeoplearefrom.

D.EastAsianshavefewerfacialexpressionsthanWesterners.

2.WhatpointdoestheauthormakebyusingPutin'sexample?

A.Bodymovementscanshowyourculture.

B.Walkingstylescanshowyourpersonality.

C.Yourcareerdeterminesyourwalkingstyle.

D.Itisdifficulttochangeyourwalkingstyle.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?

A.Tocallonreaderstorespectculturaldifferences.

B.Totellreadersthatbodylanguageshowsalotaboutyou.

C.Toexplainhowwalkingstylesdifferacrosstheworld.

D.Totellreadershowtousebodylanguagetocommunicate.

B

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案

Whenitcomestojudgmentoftheirbodies,womencan'twin.

PeopleoftenmakeufatjokesM,butfat-shamingisnolaughingmatter;neitherisfit-shaming.

Ispoketotwowomenwhowereshamedforbeingfat,andthen,afterlosingweight,shamed

forbeingfit.

SarahMooreisa29-year-oldmotherofthreefromIndiana,US.Shebecameapersonaltrainer

afterlosingmorethan45kg.Sheremembersthefat-shamingsheborebeforeherweightloss.

Whenwaitingtogetonarollercoaster（过山车）once,peoplebehindherwerecomplaining

aboutthewait,andtheattendant（月艮务人员）toldthem,"Don'tworry.She'snotgoingtofitonhere,

andyou'llbenext.”

Butafterlosingweight,Mooresaidpeoplecommentedonherbodyevenmore.

“NowIgetcommentslike,'Areyousureyoucaneatthat?'becausethey'reworriedI'llregain

theweightJshesaid.

Howdoesitmakeherfeel?

"Fat-shamingmademefeelsadandhelpless,andfit-shamingmakesmeangry/*shesaid.

Changesinbodyweightcanalsoinfluencerelationships.Itcanupsetthebalancebecause

otherscangetjealous.Peoplewholoseweightcanexperiencepersonalitychanges,suchasan

increaseinconfidence,whichalsoinfluencesrelationships.

Fit-shaminghasbeenhardertohandleforAndreaSereda,a38-year-oldsocialworkerin

Canada.Shesaidjudgmentofherbodyissomethingshe'sfacedforyears.

Seredasaidthatwhenshewas9,hergrandfathertoldheratabirthdayparty,"Idon'tthinkyou

shouldeatcake,^^andmadecommentsabouthowmanycalories（卡路里）eachbitecontainedas

sheateit.Shealsoexperiencedsimilarthingsincollege.

ThejudgmentofSereda'sbodyincreasedaftershelost57kg.

“It'sworsewithpeoplewhoknewmefrombefore,MSeredasaid,"Peopleconstantlysay,

‘You'resoskinny（皮包骨的）nowyou'regoingtodisappear.'"

Itwasmostlyfriendsmakingsuchcomments.Closerfriendsseemedtocomparetheirown

bodiesnegativelytoSereda'snewphysique（体型）.

“Iwasafraidofgoingoutandhavingtofieldallthesecomments,Seredasaid."Ihadtolearn

howtohandleit."

Letustrytounderstandthatjustbecausesomeonehaslostweight,itdoesn'tmakethemfair

gameforcommentaryontheirnewshape.Everyonedeservestolivefreeofbeingbodyshamed,

regardlessofhowtheylook.

4.SarahMooreisshamedforbeingfitafterlosingweightmainlybecause?

A.peoplestilljudgehernewphysique.

B.shelosttoomuchweightafterherdiet.

C.herpersonalityhaschangedandmadeherdifferent.

D.peoplearealljealousofhernewlook.

6.TheexampleofAndreaSeredaisusedto?

A.explainwhatusuallypusheswomentoloseweight.

B.showthenegativeeffectsoffitshaming.

C.suggestwhatcanbedonetohandlefitshaming.

D.showthediificultiesoverweightwomencouldface.

7.Whatwouldbeaproperwaytotreatthosewhohavelostweight?

A.Toappreciatetheirnewphysique.

B.Tostopcommentingontheirbodyshape.

C.Toencouragethemtomaintaintheirnewshape.

D.Toremindthemtobecarefulwiththeirdiet.

C

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案

MarleyDiasisjust15yearsold,butherworkethic（职业道德）isstrongerthananyoneelse's.

Whenshewas11,shefeltfrustrated.Allthebooksthatherclassreadwerecenteredonwhite

males,butshewantedtoreadabouttheexperiencesofgirlswholookedlikeher-blackgirls.

SoDias,fromPhiladelphia,US,startedabookdrivecalled#1000BlackGirlBookstocollect

1,000bookswhereblackgirlswerethemaincharacters.Sincethen,shehasachievedhergoaland

hasalsowrittenabookofherown:MarleyDiasGetsItDone:AndSoCanYou!

Now,she'stakenittoanewlevel.

WiththehelpofNetflix,anAmericanproductioncompany,Diasbecamethehostand

executiveproducerofanewNetflixshowcalledBookmarks:CelebratingBlackVoices.

Intheshow,blackcelebritiesandartistsareinvitedtoreadchildren'sbooksbyblackauthors,

thenholdmeaningfulconversationsaboutempathy（同理心），equalityandanti-racism（反种族主

义）.

Diashopesthatyoungnon-readersareencouragedtobecomemoreengaged（参与）withsuch

stories.

“Theseriescameabout,notasadirectcomebacktotheattackonblackpeople,butreallyto

spark（启发）conversation,DiastoldtheChicagoTribune."It'ssuperimportant...toencourage

familiestowatch,readandlearntogethertohopefullycreatemovementsandcreatecampaigns（活

动）thatcanchangetheworldandreallyshiftconversationsaboutblacklivesandblackpeople.^^

Withherefforts,Diasalsowantstoinspireotheryoungpeopletogetinvolvedintheir

communities.thinkalotofkidsfeelneutral（中立的）towardissues.Justunderstandingand

becominginformedaboutyoursmallportion（部分）oftheworldisreallyimportant.Ifyoustart

small,andyoustarttocareaboutthepeopleyouexistwitheveryday,youcangrowtocareabout

largercommunities.

Dias'nextstepisacampaignthatshedoeseveryyearcalledGreenRibbonWeektopromote

mentalhealthawarenessamongteenagers.

“Diashasbeenabletocarveoutaniche（占一席之地）forherself...[fromher]Iseewhatit

meansforyoungpeopletoshootforthemoon（确定远大目标）withtheknowledgetheycan,“said

activistandauthorBlairImani,accordingtoTownandCountryMagazine.

8.WhydidDiasstartthebookdrive?

A.Tocallonblackgirlstowriteabook.

B.Tocollectbookswithblackgirlsasmaincharacters.

C.Todonatebookstoblackgirlsinpoorareas.

D.Todocomparativestudiesofdifferentbooks.

9.WhatdoweknowaboutDias'showonNetflix?

A.Itinviteswhitecelebritiestoreadbooks.

B.Itpaysattentiontoequalityandanti-racism.

C.Itaimstoraisemoneyfbrblackchildren.

D.Itencouragesyoungpeopletogetaneducation.

10.WhatdoesImanithinkofDias'action?

A.Diasshouldsetrealisticgoals.

B.Diasneedstolearnbeforedoingthings.

C.Diasisdoingagreatjobtohelppeople.

D.Diasshouldincludemorepeopleinheractivities.

D

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

BeijingisnostrangertoWestemfood.Americanrestaurantslike

McDonald'sandKFChavebroughtmoreWestemdishestothelocalfood

sceneinrecentyears.Now,twonewrestaurantshavejoinedthem.

InAugust,TacoBellandShakeShackopenedtheirdoorstoeager

customersinBeijing.TacoBellisapopularAmericanfastfoodrestaurant

thatfeaturesMexicanfood.Hardandsoft-shelltacos（玉米卷）area

staple（招牌）ofthemenu;theyaregenerallyservedwithbeef,lettuce

andtomato.Andofcoursethereareburritos（墨西哥面卷）-chicken,

beeforbeanswrapped（包裹）inatortilla（墨西哥薄馅饼）.However,

therearenewmenuitems（项目）thatarespecialtotheBeijinglocation,

suchastheYangBerryFreezeandAvocadoOolongTea.

ShakeShack,knownforitstraditionalAmerican-stylehamburgers

andmilkshakes,isalsoservingupdishesthatwon'tbefoundinbranches

outsideofthecapital.HarryWang,whostudiedintheUS,visitedthe

restaurantsoonafteritopened.€tThelasttimeIhadShakeShackwas

morethanayearagowhenIwasintheUnitedStates,“Wangsaid."The

foodisprettysimilartowhatwehadintheUnitedSlates,butthereisamilkshakeexclusiveto

Beijing.,,

ThemilkshakeWangreferredtoistheHutongHawthorn（山楂）.Theshakemixeshawthorn,

atraditionalChinesesnack,intoamilkshake,acommonicecreamdrinkinWesternfastfood.The

BeijingShakeShackalsooffersroasted（炒的）chestnuticecream.

BothrestaurantsalsoreflectelementsofChinesecultureintheirdecorations.ShakeShack's

windowsfeaturecartoonsshowinghutonglife,andTacoBellhasapictureofapalacefromthe

Templeof