常见情态动词讲解

PAGEPAGE4常见情态动词讲解一、情态动词的定义：情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化；它的后面必须跟动词原形。二、情态动词的种类：情态动词词义否定形式词义can能够，会can’t不能，不会could能够，会couldn’t不能，不会may可以／／must必须mustn’t不允许，不能shall将，要shan’t将不要should应该shouldn’t不应该need需要needn’t不必would将会，愿wouldn’t不会，不愿三、情态动词的用法及主要句型：1、CanIhelpyou?——Yes,please./No,thanks.2、Can+主语+动词原形?Yes,～can.No,～can’t.

3、CanIborrowyourbook?Yes,ofcourse.4、CanIwriteonthebook?No,youcan’t\mustn’t.5、Could\Canyouhelpme?Yes,ofcourse.\Certainly.\Sure.6、Could\CanyoutellmethewaytotheZoo?7、MayIcomein?Comein,please.8、MayIsithere?Yes,please.\Sorry,pleasedon’t.9、MayIhavesomeCoke?Yes,ofcourse.10、May/Could/CanIspeaktoTom?Speaking.Who’scalling?11、should、shouldn’t表示劝告：

1)Heshouldgetupearly.2)Sheshouldn’tplaycomputergametoomuch.12、Should+主语+动词原形?Yes,～should.\No,～shouldn’t.13、表示建议“你愿意…吗”

Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithme?Yes,I’dloveto./I’dloveto.ButI’mbusynow.14、就餐用语Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat\drink?Yes,I’dlike…15、shall用于第一人称(I,we),可以表示“将”和表示建议“……好吗?”

1)Whereshallwehavedinner?2)Shallwegofishing?Allright.\OK.\Goodidea.

16、Must+主语+动词原形?Yes,～must.\No,～needn’t.四．常见情态动词的区别：1.can(could)1）表示能力，could主要指过去时间。Twoeyescanseemorethanone.两只眼比一只眼看得清。Couldthegirlreadbeforeshewenttoschool?这女孩上学前能识字吗？表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。Hecan´t(couldn´t)haveenoughmoneyforanewcar.他不可能有足够的钱买新车。表示允许。CanIhavealookatyournewpen?我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。Wherecan(could)theyhavegoneto?他们会去哪儿了呢？Hecan´t(couldn´t)beoversixty.他不可能超过六十岁。Howcanyoubesocareless!你怎么这么粗心！比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。Can(Could)youlendmeahand?帮我一把好吗？may(might)表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。Youmaytakewhateveryoulike.你喜欢什么就拿什么。HetoldmethatImightsmokeintheroom.他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。May(Might)Iaskforaphotoofyourbaby?我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如Yes,please./Certainly./Pleasedon´t./You´dbetternot./No,youmustn´t.等，以免显得太严峻或不客气。表可能（事实上）。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。Hemaybeathome.他可能在家。They________________thebooksoutoftheroom.

5.

Heshouldgetupearly.

(否定句)

He_______getuplate.(三)单项选择。

()1.

youlikesomemilk?A.

WouldB.

CouldC.

Can

()2.

Wepicktheflowerinthepark.A.

can’tB.

don'tC.

mustn’t

()3.Weshouldmoretrees,andweshouldn’tcutanytrees.

A.

plantB.

plantingC.

plants

()4.MayIhavesomecoffee?

A.Yes,youhave.

B.

Yes,youcan.

C.

Yes,certainly.

()5.Shallwevisitthefactory?

A.Yes,wedo.B.Yes,weshall.

C.Allright.

()6.Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?

A.Yes,wewould.B.Yes,I’dlikesomecakes.C.Yes,ofcourse.

()7.WhatcanIdoforyou?

A.Yes,youcan.B.No,Icandoit.C.Yes.I’dlikesomeoranges.(四)根据所学情态动词，填写适当形式。________youliketogofishingwithme?________Igohomenow?No,you_________stayhere.You________takemoreexercise.Theclock________tellusthetime.________youtellmehowtogettotheQingyunPark?Mymotherisill.I_________stayathomeandlookafterher.

________youlikesometea?MustIborrowthebookwithmyIDcard?No,you________.________Iuseyourcar?Yes,you________.________weplayfootballthisafternoon?(五)对划线部分提问。1.

Wemustn'tpicktheflowersinthepark.

2.Weshouldplantmoretrees.

3.Iwouldyoulikesomecakestoeat?4.Shecouldswimfiveyearsago.5.Weshouldprotectanimalsbecausetheyareourgoodfriends.

6.Tomcouldgotothecinema(电影院)withhissister.(六)圈出正确答案。Lucyshouldherhomeworknow.A.finishesB.finishingC.finishedD.finishMymotherwouldbacksoon.A.cameB.comesC.comeD.willcomeCouldyoumeahand?A.givingB.givesC.givenD.giveShouldInow?A.startedB.startingC.startD.startsItakethisone?A.CouldB.WillC.AreD.DoCanyouspeakEnglish?No,I.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.couldn'tD.maynotYougoand