项目1 任务 2 齿轮泵的认知

齿轮泵的认知KnowledgeaboutGearPump任务2Task2任务描述TaskDescription1齿轮泵的工作原理是什么，它有什么优缺点？以及在使用的过程中会出现什么问题？那么齿轮泵主要应用在那些场合？Whataretheworkingprinciple,advantagesanddisadvantagesofthegearpump?Whatproblemswillappearintheprocessofuse?Whatarethemainapplicationscenariosofgearpumps?图1-2-1齿轮泵

Figure1-2-1GearPump齿轮泵的工作原理和结构IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2在齿轮泵的泵体内有一对外啮合齿轮，齿轮两侧有端盖。泵体、端盖和齿轮的各个齿间组成了许多密封工作腔。当齿轮按图示方向旋转时，右侧吸油腔由于相互啮合的轮齿逐渐脱开，密封工作腔容积增大，形成部分真空，油箱中的油液被大气压从油箱压入，将齿间槽充满，并随着齿轮旋转，把油液带到左侧压油腔去。在压油区一侧，由于轮齿逐渐进入啮合，密封工作腔容积不断减小，油液便被挤出去。Thereisapairofexternally-engagedgearsinthegearpumpbody.Endcoversareprovidedonbothsidesofthegears.Variousenclosedworkingchambersareformedamongthepumpbody,endcoverandvariousgears.Ifthegearrotatesinadirectionshowninthefigure,thevolumeoftheenclosedworkingchamber(oftherightfluidsuctionchamber)willincreaseastheengagedgearteethgraduallydisengage,formingapartialvacuum.Undertheactionofatmosphericpressure,thefluidinthetankwillbeforcedfromthetanktofillupthetoothspace,andbroughttotheleftfluidpressingchamberduetogearrotation.Forthefluidpressingarea,thevolumeoftheenclosedworkingchamberwilldecreasecontinuouslyasthegearteethgraduallyengage,soastoforcethefluidout.齿轮泵的工作原理和结构IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2图1-2-2外啮合型齿轮泵工作原理

Figure1-2-2WorkingPrincipleofExternally-engagedGearPump齿轮泵的工作原理和结构IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2图1-2-3齿轮泵的结构Figure1-2-3StructureofGearPump1-轴承外环2-堵头3-滚子4-后泵盖5-键6-齿轮7-泵体8-前泵盖9-螺钉10-压环11-密封环12-主动轴13-键14-泄油孔15-从动轴16-泄油槽17-定位销1-Outerraceofbearing2-Plug3-Roller4-Rearpumpcover5-Key6-Gear7-Pumpbody8-Frontpumpcover9-Screw10-Compressionring11-Sealring12-Drivingshaft13-Key14-Fluiddrainhole15-Drivenshaft16-Drainpan17-Positioningpin齿轮泵的工作原理和结构IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2二齿轮泵结构特点IIStructuralCharacteristicsofGearPump（1）泄漏(1)Leakage这里所说的泄漏是指液压泵的内部泄漏，即一部分液压油从压油腔流回吸油腔，没有输送到系统中去。泄漏降低了液压泵的容积效率。Theleakageherereferstotheinternalleakageofthehydraulicpump(thatis,somehydraulicfluidflowsbacktothefluidsuctionchamberfromthefluidpressingchambersothatitisnotdeliveredtothesystem).Leakagereducesthevolumetricefficiencyofthehydraulicpump.齿轮泵的工作原理和结构IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2二齿轮泵结构特点IIStructuralCharacteristicsofGearPump(2)齿轮泵的困油问题(2)Fluidpocketingofgearpump根据齿轮啮合原理，齿轮的重叠系数应该大于1,即存在两对轮齿同时进入啮合的时候。basedontheengagingprinciple,theoverlapcoefficientofgearsshouldbegreaterthan1(thatis,twopairsofgearteethcanengageatthesametime).图1-2-4齿轮泵的困油现象

Figure1-2-4FluidTrappingofGearPump齿轮泵的工作原理和结构IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2二齿轮泵结构特点IIStructuralCharacteristicsofGearPump（3）径向不平衡力(3)Unbalancedradialforce

齿轮泵工作时,在齿轮和轴承上承受径向液压力的作用。Whenthegearpumpisworking,thegearandbearingwillwithstandtheradialhydraulicpressure.3内啮合齿轮泵3Internally-engagedgear内啮合齿轮泵的工作原理也是利用齿间密封容积的变化来实现吸油压油的。图3-2-5所示是内啮合齿轮泵的实物以及工作原理图。Theinternally-engagedgearrealizesthefluidsuctionandpressingbythechangeintheenclosedvolumebetweengears.Therealproductandworkingprincipleoftheinternally-engagedgearareshowninFigure1-2-5.图1-2-5内啮合齿轮泵的实物以及工作原理图Figure1-2-5RealProductandWorkingPrincipleofInternally-engagedGear齿轮泵的工作原理和结构IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2内啮合齿轮泵有许多优点,如结构紧凑,体积小,零件少,转速可高达10000r/min,运动平稳,噪声低,容积效率较高等。缺点是流量脉动大,转子的制造工艺复杂等,目前已采用粉末冶金压制成型。随着工业技术的发展,摆线齿轮泵的应用将会愈来愈广泛内啮合齿轮泵可正、反转,可作液压马达用。Theinternally-engagedgearhasmanyadvantages,suchascompactstructure,smallvolume,lessparts,highspeedupto10,000r/min,stablemovement,lownoiseandhighvolumetricefficiency.Itsdisadvantagesincludelargeflowfluctuationandcomplicatedmanufacturingprocessoftherotor.Atpresent,thepowdermetallurgyprocessisadopted.Withthedevelopmentofindustrialtechnology,theapplicationofcycloidalgearpumpswillbecomebroader.Theinternally-engagedgearmaybeusedasahydraulicmotorasitcanrotateinforwardandreversedirections.齿轮泵的工作原理和结构IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump3内啮合齿轮泵有许多优点,如结构紧凑,体积小,零件少,转速可高达10000r/min,运动平稳,噪声低,容积效率较高等。缺点是流量脉动大,转子的制造工艺复杂等,目前已采用粉末冶金压制成型。随着工业技术的发展,摆线齿轮泵的应用将会愈来愈广泛内啮合齿轮泵可正、反转,可作液压马达用。Theinternally-engagedgearhasmanyadvantages,suchascompactstructure,smallvolume,lessparts,highspeedupto10,000r/min,stablemovement,lownoiseandhighvolumetricefficiency.Itsdisadvantagesincludelargeflowfluctuationandcomplicatedmanufacturingprocessoftherotor.Atpresent,thepowdermetallurgyprocessisadopted.Withthedevelopmentofindustrialtechnology,theapplicationofcycloidalgearpumpswillbecomebroader.Theinternally-engagedgearmaybeusedasahydraulicmotorasitcanrotateinforwardandreversedirections.任务实施：Taskimplementation:21讲述齿轮泵的结构，并说出其主要由那几部分组成？1Explainthestructureandcompositionof