2023-2024学年河南省郑州市高三上学期期中英语质量检测模拟试题（含解析）

2023-2024学年河南省郑州市高三上学期期中英语质量检测模拟试题听力(共两节，满分30分）第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题目中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。Whatwillthespeakersdonext?Checkthemap.B.Leavetherestaurant.C.Parkthecar.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atabusstop.B.Athome.C.Attheairport.3.Whatdidthespeakersdolastweek?A.Theyhadacelebrationdinner.B.Theywenttoseeanewbornbaby.C.Theysentamailtotheirneighbors.4.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Tocancelaweekendtrip.B.Tomakeanappointment.C.Togetsomeinformation.5.Whatdoesthemanprobablywanttodo?A.Dosomeexercise.B.Getanextrakey.C.Orderroomservice.第二节：听下面5段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题目中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A.ToaskforpermissionB.Toextendaninvitation.C.Toexpressthanks.7.Whenarethestudentsgoingtothemuseum?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Buyinggroceries.B.ChoosinggiftsC.Seeingfriends.9.WhoisClara?A.Theman’swife.B.Theman’ssister.C.Theman’sdaughter.10.HowmuchdidthemanspendonthecitypassesA.$36.B.$50.C.$150.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhydidTracybringdogstothechildren?A.Toteachthemtoloveanimals.B.Tohelpthemgainconfidence.C.Toprotectthemfromdangers.12.WhatisKevin’sconcernaboutthedog?A.Theymaymisbehave.B.Theymaygethurt.C.Theymaycarrydiseases.13.WhatwillHelendotomorrowmorning?A.Giveatalk.B.Meetthechildren.C.Takesomephotos.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Attendingalecture.B.Hostingaworkshop.C.Conductinganinterview.15.WhyisEmilydoingunpaidworkinthenewoftheshow?A.Tofollowthelatesttrend.B.Tohelpraisethecrew’spay.C.Tosupportthepost-production.16.WhatenablesEmilytotrydifferentthingsinherfield?A.Hercollegeeducation.B.Herteachingexperience.C.Herfamilytradition.17.WhatdoesEmilythinkofherworkattheFilmCentre?A.Boring.B.Rewarding.C.Demanding.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Sportsclubmembers.B.Internationaltourists.C.Universitystudents.19.WheredidEmmaworkforarugbyteam?A.InManchester.B.InDublin.C.InVancouver.20.WhatcanbeachallengetnEmma’swonk?A.Competitioninthehealthcareindustry.B.Discriminationagainstfemalescientists.C.Influenceofmisinformationonthepublic.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分）(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AItcanbetoughtopullkidsawayfromtheircomputersandmobilephonesthesedays.Whilethey’replayinggames,wouldn’titbegreatiftheycouldbelearningatthesametime?Goodeducationalappsofferfunchallengesthatteachspecificgrade-levelskills.Herearefourthatcombinefunandlearning.UnderstandingMath($3.99;iOS)UnderstandingMathgoesbeyondbasiccomprehensiontogainadeeperunderstandingofthewhysandhowsofmath.Theapptracksyourchild’sprogresstodeterminestrengthsandweaknessesindifferentskillareas,andyoucancustomize(订制)yourchild’slearningexperiencetosuittheneeds.WordCreativityKit($2.99;iOS)WordCreativityKitaimsnotonlytomakecreativewritingfunbutalsobuildupgrammarrules.Theapppresentsaseriesofwordsfromsevencategories,suchasceorfantasy.Kidsaddtheirownwordstofinishthecompletethoughtsthatthesewordshaveinspired.BarefootWorldAtlas($4.99;iOS)BarefootWorldAtlashelpskidslearnaboutgeographyandworldcultureswithatouchofthescreen.Eachregionfeaturesasetofsub-topics,fromwildlifeandnaturalfeaturestonativepeople,landmarks,andarchitecture.Thesefactsandillustrationsaredeliveredinphotographs,sounds,andhundredsofminivideos.MyGrades&Homework($0.99;iOS)AcombinationofgradesandhomeworktrackerMyGrades&Homeworkcanhelpyourchildstayorganizedandontopoftheprogressinschool.Aconvenientcalendarandcourselistformatandofferaglanceatyourchild’sassignmentschedulethatheorshemightnotnormallygetfromstandardhomeworkplanners.21.Whichappishelpfultoimprovechildren’swritingskills?A.UnderstandingMath. B.MyGrades&Homework.C.BarefootWorldAtlas. D.WordCreativityKit.22.Whatisthecommonpartofthefourapps?A.Theyhelpchildrenfindjobs.B.Theymakestudiesfunforminivideos.C.Theyneedbuyingwhentheyareused.D.Theyinformparentsoftheirchildren’sprogress.23.Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor______.A.parents B.engineers C.friends D.DoctorsBFrenchwriterAnnieErnauxwonthe2022NobelPrizeinliteratureonOct6.SheisthefirstFrenchfemaletowintheprize.InthewordsoftheNobelcommittee,Ernauxwasgiventheawardforthecourageandsharpinsightofherwriting.Havingspentoverfivedecadesasawriter,the82-year-oldwinnerhaspublishedmorethan20bookstohername,includingCleanedOut,Shame,a2008memoircalledTheYearsandAGirl’sSlory.Ratherthanconsiderherselfawriteroffiction,Emauxhasusedtheterm“anethnologist(民族学家)ofherself”todescribeherself.Bornin1940inaruralvillageinNomandy,France,Ernauxgrewupinaworking-classenvironmentasherparentsranacombinedgrocerystoreandcafe.Sheworkedasateacherbeforebecomingafull-timewriter.AccordingtoCNN,her“upbringingandexperiencesnavigatingadolescenceandadulthood”inspiremanyofherworks.ForexamplethebookShameexploresthethemeofchildhoodtraumawhileAGirl’sStoryfollowsayoungwoman’scomingofageinthe1950s.ThoughthemattersErnauxdescribesinherbooksareseriousandevensometimesheavy,theyarealwayswritteninplainlanguage.Ernauxdescribedherstyleas“flatwriting”throughwhichsheaimstotellherstoriesobjectively,“unshapedbyflorid(过分装饰的)descriptionoroverwhelmingemotions.”notedFoxNews.“Shewritesaboutthingsthatnooneelsewritesabout,forinstanceherjealousy,herexperiencesasanabandonedloverandsoforth,Imean,reallyhardexperiences,”AndersOlsson,chairmanoftheNobelCommitteeforLiteraturesaidaftertheawardannouncementinStockholm.Hewentontosay,“Shegiveswordsfortheseexperiencesthatareverysimpleandstriking.Theyareshortbooks,buttheyarereallymoving”.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutAnnieErnauxfromthetext?A.SheisthefirstFrenchpersontowintheNobelPrize.B.Shewasawardedforthebraveryandobservationsshowninherwriting.C.TheNobel-committeedescribedheras“anethnologistofherself.”D.Shestartedworkingasafull-timewriterin1974.25.Wheredidshegetinspirationforherworks?A.Herstudents’lives. B.Thestoriesofgueststohercafe.C.Thehistoryofherhometown. D.Herpersonalexperiences.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesErnaux’swritingstyle?A.Objectiveandeasytounderstand. B.Plainandrelaxing.C.Descriptiveandserious. D.Emotionalandtouching.27.WhyisAnnieErnauxdifferentfromotherwriters,accordingtoAndersOlsson?A.Shesharespainfulfeelingsthroughherwriting.B.Herworksareaboutunexploredsubjects.C.Shesufferedalotofhardships.D.Herworksareshortandmoving.CMostpeopleenjoyvariety.Weliketoeatdifferentfoodsfrommealtomeal.Weweardifferentclothes.Weliketotrynewactivitiesandvisitnewplaces.Webecomeboredwhenthereislittlevariety.Nevertheless,there’soneplacewherewetendtodislikevariety,andthat’sineachother.Weoftenfeeluncomfortablewithpeoplewhopractisedifferenthabits,orholdbeliefsorvaluesthatwedonotshare.Therearereasonsforthis.Whenweareexposedtonewanddifferentthings,ourbrainworksabitharderthanusual.Whenwe’relearning,ournervecellsrequiremoreresources,suchaswater,salt,andvariousotherchemicals.Thisextrametabolic(新陈代谢的)activitycanfeelunsettlingandunpleasant.Anditcanfeelworseifournervoussystemisalreadyunderpressure,likeinthemidstofthepandemic.Thissortofvariationmaybeuncomfortableforindividuals,butit’scriticaltothesurvivalofanyspecies.Ifallfinches(雀科鸣鸟)wereidentical,forexample,andtheirenvironmentchangedinsomesignificant,harmfulways,likeanincreaseinthetemperatureoradecreaseinwater,allofthemwouldbeequallyaffectedandthespeciesmightbecomeextinct.ThisinsightintovariationcomesfromCharlesDarwin,andit’sknownaspopulationthinking.MostpeopleassociateDarwinwithhisevolutionarytheoryofnaturalselection,butpopulationthinkingmaybeanevengreaterscientificachievement.Theideaof“survivalofthefittest”impliesthatindividualsmustvary.Somearemoresuitedthanothersforagivenenvironment,makingiteasierforthemtosurvive,grow,andreproduce.Variationisthereforeaprerequisitefornaturalselectiontowork.Dealingwiththevastvarietyofhumankindcanbedemandingandevenannoyingattimes,butit’sagoodinvestment,sortoflikeexerciseforyourbrain.Whenyoumeetsomeonewholooksdifferentorthinksdifferentlyfromyou,treatyourdiscomfortasacuetobecuriousandlearninsteadofasignalofaproblem.Don’tholdtheviewthattheotherpersonshouldbesilenced.Ultimately,thismindsetcanmakeyoumoreflexibleinadaptingtochallengingsituations,andmoreadaptabletochange.28.Whichofthefollowingmightmakepeoplefeeluncomfortable?A.Havinganadventureinthewild.B.Takingatriptoaforeigncountry.C.Sharingtravelingexperienceswithothers.D.Socializingwithpeoplefromdiversecultures.29.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphfocuson?A.People’sunwillingnesstodealwithnewthings.B.Thebiologicalexplanationsforpeople’sdiscomfort.C.Thesignificanceoflearningnewthingsinourlife.D.Theroleofthenervoussysteminlearningnewthings.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prerequisite”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Requirement. B.Substitute. C.Motivation. D.Challenge.31.Whatdoesthewritermainlywanttoconvey?A.Whywetendtochaseandenjoyvariation.B.Howwecanbenefitfromseekingvariation.C.Howweshouldtreatthedifferenceswefindinothers.D.Whyweshouldgetalongwithpeopledifferentfromus.DDistancingduringtheCOVID-19pandemichasmadebothphysicalandsocialconnectionsatouchmoredifficulttomaintain.ForStanfordUniversitystudentMillieSalvato,beingapartfromherfriendontheoppositecoasthasprovedchallenging.Sometimesatextorvideocallisnotenough,andpeopleinSalvato’ssituationoftenlongforawaytosendacomfortinghugfromafar.InanewstudydetailedinIEEETransactionsonHaptics,sheandhercolleaguesdemonstratedawearablesleevethatcansimulate(模拟)humantouchandconveysocialmessagessentelectronically.Salvatoandherteammeasuredhow37participantsexpressedsocialmessagesindifferentsituations.Ineachtest,onepersonworeapressure-sensingdeviceonanarm,andanothertouchedittorespondtosixdifferentscenes:attentionseeking,gratitude,happiness,calming,loveandsadness.Aftercollecting661touchmovements,Salvatoandhercolleaguesmappedthelocationandpressureofeach.Next,theyusedamachine-learningalgorithm(算法)toselectthemovementsthatweremostreliablepartofeachresponse.Finally,theyprogrammedawearablesleevetosimulatethesemovementsusingeightbuilt-indisksthatvibratewhenelectronicallysignaled.“Theinstantitreceivedsignals,Icouldfeelthetouchandidentifyitsintendedmeaning.”Oneparticipantreported.Evenwithnotraining,theparticipantscorrectlymatchedthesimulatedtouchestothesixscenes45percentofthetime.Forcomparison,apreviousstudyfoundparticipantscouldmatchscenesfortouchesfromrealhumanhands55percentofthetime.Gerling,atouchresearcheratHarvardwhowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saidtheinventionwasreallysurprising.Butthestudywassmallandneedstocoverfarlargergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactlywhicharethemostdesirableresponses.Besides,hebelievesthesleevesurelywillenjoygreatpopularityoncelaunchedonthemarket.32.Whatwereparticipantsaskedtododuringthestudy?A.Pickupreliableresponses.B.Modelonelectronictouches.C.Respondtodifferentsituations.D.Markoutprogrammedmovements.33.WhydidSalvatoandherteaminventthewearablesleeve?A.TokeeptrackoftheCOVID-19pandemic.B.Toimitatehumantouchandexpresssocialmessagessentelectronically. C.Toenjoygreatpopularityoncelaunchedonthemarket. D.Tostressthesignificanceofphysicalandsocialconnections.34.WhatdoesGerlingsuggestaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Coveringmorescenes. B.Launchingonthemarket.C.Conductingfurtherresearch. D.Interviewingtheparticipants.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ElectronicSleevesHelpingFeelVirtualTouchB.NewTechnologyImprovingSocialConnectionsC.NewSensingDeviceIncreasingPhysicalTouchesD.ElectronicSleevesRespondingtoDifferentSituations(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Theterm“growthmindset”hasbecomesomethingofabuzzword(流行语)inourlife.Youcanfinditeverywhereyoulook—intheseminarsofmotivationalspeakers,intheeducationcoursedescriptions,andinthemissionstatementsofcompanies.36Oneofthebiggestmisconceptionsaboutgrowthmindsetisthatitisthesamethingasbeingopen-mindedinyourbeliefs.Thisisuntrue.Beingopen-mindedinyourbeliefsisoftenthebeliefonwhattruegrowthmindsetis,butthisisactuallycalled“falsegrowthmindset”intheresearchcommunity.37Whatthismeansisthattheyhaveafixedbeliefontheirintelligencelevel,whichisexactlywhatafixedmindsetis.Theybelievethattheyaregrowing,wheninrealitytheyarenot.Beingopen-mindedtootherpeople’sbeliefsandnewthingsisgreat,butitdoesnotmeanthatyouareactuallylearninganything.Furthermore,thereisnowaytoeverhaveatrulycompletegrowthmindset.38Itisimportantthatyouacceptthisandembraceit,whilestilldesiringtoexperiencegrowthanyway.Thisistheonlywayyoucantrulyfosteragrowthmindset.39Unproductiveeffortsthataremerelydonefortherewardoroutcomearenotconsideredtobegrowthmindset.Truegrowthmindsethasnothingtodowithrewardoroutcome.Rather,itisbasedentirelyonthelearningandgrowingprocessitself.Whenyouareinvestedinagrowthmindset,youareinvestedintheprocessregardlessoftheoutcome.40Youcannotsimply“have”agrowthmindset.Youhavetowantone,andinvestinhavingone.Understandingthetruthaboutgrowthmindsetwillenableyoutounderstandexactlyhowthisqualitycanassistyouinlife.A.Mindsetisalotharderthan“justdoit”.B.Itisvirtuallyimpossible,asweareallfixedinsomewayoranother.C.Anotherfalsebeliefisthatgrowthmindsetisaboutrewardedefforts.D.Asecondmisconceptionisthatpeople’smotivationcomesfromtheprocess.E.Butdespiteitspopularity,somepeopledon’tunderstandwhatitactuallymeans.F.Thisisessentiallypeoplewhohavean“Ialreadyhaveit,andIalwayshave”attitude.G.Growthmindsetassistspeopleinhavinggreaterresultsfromwhattheysetouttoaccomplish.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分）(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ifyouhaveasmartphone,youprobablyuseitsfront-facingcameraforselfiesandtheoccasionalvideocall.Perhaps,ifyou’re41,you’llshootthenextTikTokmasterpiece.Youmightuseyournextsmartphone’s42cameraforthesamethings,butthere’sachancethatcamerawon’tcompletely43onceyou’redonewithit.Thisweek,chipmakerQualcommrevealeditslatestSnapdragonprocessor,whichwill44manyofthehigh-endAndroidsmartphonesyou’llseeinstores.Andanewfeaturebuiltintothatchipcouldallowsmartphonemakerstokeepthosefront-facingcamerason45.Theideaofacamerathatstaysonaslongasyourphonedoesseemsdeeply46,eveninanagewherepeopleareconvincedthatsmartphonesarealreadyeavesdropping(窃听)onour47.Sowhyisacompanyresponsibleforbuildingthebrainsofoursmartphonestryingtomake“always-on”camerasa(n)48feature?Intime,aphoneusingthisnewchipcouldpracticably49itselfwhenitseesyourface,andautomaticallylockitselfagainwhenyou’renotlookingatitanymore.Or,ifitseessomeoneelse’sfacenexttoyours,thephonecouldautomatically50notificationssonooneelsecanseewhatyour51emailsorSlackmessagesareabout.Thebenefitofaphonethat’salwayslookingforyou,itseems,isthatitknowstoactdifferentwhenyou’renot52.Asitturnsout,theQualcommtechthatcouldmakesuchfeaturespossibleisconceptuallypretty53.“What’shappeninghereisdetectingabinary(二进制)：isthereaface,oristherenotaface,”Heape,SeniorDirectorofProductManagementoftheQualcomm,toldme.“Thereisnotaphotographtaken.Thereisno54beingrecorded."Healsonotedthatnoneofcameradata55thechipwhenit’sbeinganalyzedforfaces.41. A.famous B.luckyB.luckyC.committed D.skilled42. A.extra B.back C.front D.special43. A.turndown B.shutout C.turnoff D.shutup44. A.power B.start C.move D.protect45. A.allthetime B.everytime C.manyatime D.nexttime46. A.annoying B.thrilling C.disturbing D.amazing47. A.photographsB.accounts C.conversations D.secrets48. A.common B.distinct C.optional D.strange49. A.unfold B.stretch C.unlock D.repair50. A.hide B.release C.delete D.receive51. A.outdated B.recent C.incoming D.interesting52. A.turningon B.holdingup C.lookingback D.movingaround53. A.basic B.fancy C.special D.notable54. A.image B.sound C.message D.video55. A.escapes B.enters C.leaves D.damages(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Humanactivityis56(fundamental)alteringthedistancestheworld’sanimalsneedtomovetolive,huntandsearchforfood,accordingtoastudythatexaminedtheimpact57morethan160speciesthroughoutsixcontinents.Allactivitieschangedthebehaviorofanimals,butthestudyfound58(destroy)activitiessuchasurbanizationandcuttingdowntreesaffectedthemovementofanimalslessthanoccasionalendeavors(努力)suchasusingaircraft,huntingandrecreation.Aswellashavingaprofoundinfluenceontheanimals---likereducingtheirabilitytofeedandbreed---thechangespointtoaglobalrestructuringofanimalmovement59couldhaveprofoundknock---oneffects,saysthestudypublishedtodayintheNatureEcologyandEvolutionjournal.DrTimDoherty,awildlifeecologistattheUniversityofSydney,saiditwasalreadywellknownthathumans60(affect)themovementofanimals,withthousandsofstudies61(tend)tofocusonsinglespeciesoractivities,buttheinformationwasnotenough.Whenhuman62(active)forcedanimalstomovefurther,suchaswhenanimalsfledhuntersorhadtonegotiateroadsoravoidskiersorcampers,theymovedanaverageof70percentfurtherin63(respond).Theresearchsays,“Even54smallchangeinmovementcanhavebigeffectsonanindividual,andwhenthesecostsaccumulateacrossanentirepopulation,reproductiveratesandpopulationviabilitymay65(compromise).”写作(共两节，满分40分）(满分15分）国外某大学来你校进行自主招生，请你用英语写一篇关于未来人生规划的英语短文，作为招考测试的内容。内容要点如下：1.规划内容2.规划理由3.实现途径注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。MyPlanfortheFutureMysenioryeariscomingtoanend.Itishightimeformetothinkaboutmyfutureplan.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(满分25分）Johnnyandhistwoyoungersisterswereverypoor.Theylivedinaveryoldblockofflatsinthecrowdedpartofthecity.Theyhadnofather.Theirmotherwenttoworkfrommorningtilllateevening,asacleaningladyinmanyrichhouses.Therefore,Johnnyhadtostayathomeandlookafterhissisters.Sometimesonasunnyday,hewouldtakethemtothenearbypark.Hehadtobeverycarefulwhentheycrossedroads.Nothavinganypocketmoney,theycouldnotbuychipsordrinks.TheyhadtobesatisfiedwithsandwichesasatreatthatJohnnymade.Oneday,aftertheyhadfinishedtheirsandwiches,Johnny’syoungestsisterMarylookedatotherwell-dressedchildrennearby,whoseemedtobeonapicnicwiththeirparents,eatingallkindsofchips,cakesandmanyothergoodies.Mary’smouthwaswatering,andverymuchmore,whentheirparentsbroughteachofthefivechildrenhugeice-creamconesfromtheicecreamtrundlecart(移动贩卖车)nearby.“Iwishwehadsomemoneytobuycones，”shesaideagerly.Johnnylookedatherwithsadnessinhiseyes."Youknowwedon’thavemoneyfortheseexpensivethings,"hesaid.“Momworkshardforwhatwehave."Therewassilenceafterthat.Asthechildrensatwithsadfaces,theicecreammanwentpastthemwithhistrundlecart.Theyweresittingonabenchonalittlegrassyhill,whichsloped(倾斜)gentlydownthepath.Thetrundlecarthadahardtimenotrunningawaydownhill，astheicecreammanheldontightlytothehandles,tryingtobreakthespeed.Itsohappenedthatsuddenlyalittleboyoftworaninfrontofthecartfollowingaflyingballoon.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Hedidnotseethecartcomingdownhill,butJohnnydid.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hearingthescreamsofthechild,theanxiousparentscamerun