No3-Chapter-3-oral-communication-商务英语-教学课件

Chapter3OralCommunication

MaincontentsOraldeliveryskillsStrategiesforsuccessfullisteningStrategiesforsuccessfulspeakingSeveraloralcommunicationformsOraldeliveryskillsPitch音调：Thepitchshouldbevaried.fallingpitchconveyscertaintyandrisingpitchuncertainty.Rate语速：Properpausebetweenmajorthoughtgroups.Volume音量：contrastinemphasisandcontrolledbreathingVocalquality音质：relaxthethroat.Negativehusky,throaty,weak,shrill,muffledPositivemellow,gentle,silvery,serene,cheerfulHowtoimprovelisteningskillsBeprepared:learnsomethingaboutthetopic,speaker,audienceandthesituationinadvance.Listentounderstand,notrefute:Assomeoneonceadvised,Growantennae,nothorns.Focusyourmind:Makesureyourmindisfocused,nowondering!Payspecialattentiontostatementsthatbeginwithphrasessuchas"Mypointis..."or"Thethingtorememberis..."HowtoimprovelisteningskillsTakenotes:Jotdownideas.Donotinterrupt:Letyourselffinishlisteningbeforeyoubegintospeak!Summarizeandevaluate:Takewhatyouhaveheardandunderstanditinyourownway.Doyoubelievewhatyouhaveheard?ListeningPracticeWhatarethemainideasofthespeakers?Doyouagreewiththem?ListeningtipsAttendingtactics:Bealerttoyourbodylanguage:Whatyoudowithyoureyes,face,hands,arms,legs,andposturesendsoutsignalsastowhetheryouare,oraren't,listeningtoandunderstandingwhattheotherpersonissaying.Thinkabout:Glancingsideways/Sighing/Yawning/Frowning/Crossingarmsonchest/Lookingattheceiling/Cleaningfingernails/Crackingknuckles

ListeningtipsEncouragingtactics:

Givefeedback.Situpstraightandlookdirectlyatthespeaker.Nowandthen,nodtoshowthatyouunderstand.Atappropriatepointsyoumayalsosmile,frown,laugh,orbesilent.Theseareallwaystoletthespeakerknowthatyouarereallylistening.Remember,youlistenwithyourfaceaswellasyourears!Askquestions:dooropenersandopen-endedquestionsYoulookupset.Caretotalkaboutit?ListeningtipsFollowingtactics:Note-takingorrecordingifnecessaryParaphrasewhatyouheard.StrategiesforsuccessfulspeakingPurposesofspeaking：GeneralpurposeinformativeorpersuasiveSpecificpurposepreciseobjectiveAudienceanalysisOrganizationofSpeakingPurposesofspeakingBasically,therearetwotypesofspeeches.Theinformativespeechandthepersuasivespeech.Therearefourgeneralpurposesoninformativespeaking:informingtheaudience,increasestheaudience'sunderstandingofthetopic,encouragingaudiencetorememberwhatyou'veinformedthem,andinvitingtheaudiencetoapplytheinformationasquicklyaspossible.PurposesofspeakingApersuasivespeechisoftenanargumentdisguisedasaninformativespeech.True,youaregivinginformationasintheinformativespeech,butyouragendaistoenticesomeonetoyourpointofview.Therearethreetypesofpersuasivespeeches:Thespeechtoinspire,thespeechtoconvince,andthespeechtoactuateachangeinaperson'sbehaviorsoractions.StrategiesforsuccessfulspeakingAudienceanalysisTheirlikesanddislikesDegreeofknowledgeofthetopicTheirattitude:hostility?GenderandagePhysicalsettingforthespeechListeningtothedialoguetounderstandhowtobewell-preparedforagoodpresentation.StrategiesforsuccessfulspeakingOrganizationofSpeakingIntroductionBodyordiscussionSummaryorconclusionIntroductionOpeningstatementAimLayoutIntroduction—openingstatementStartingoffyourspeechwithanattention-getter：Jokeorgood-naturedstory:Aninterestingcommunicationstoryis…I’llbeginthere.Quotation:“Nomanisanisland”JohnDonnesaid.That’sthebasicideawepromoteinthiscompany.Greetyouraudiencesincerely:Ithankyou.It’sgoodtobehere.Astartlingstatement:Lastyearwehadthelowestturnoverrateintheindustry—6%.AskquestionsIntroduction—aimandlayoutAim:statingclearlyandpreciselythepurposeofyourpresentationLetmestateupfrontthatourmonthlymeetinghasonepurpose:tosummarizeourpositiveoperatingresultsforthelastperiod.Layout:givinganoverviewofyourmainpointsfollowedTohelpyouunderstandwhy…Iwilldiscuss…ListeningpracticeListentothefollowingspeechandanswerthefollowingquestions:Whoisthespeaker?howdoeshe/shestartthisspeech?whatistheaimormainpurposeofthespeech?whatisthelayoutofthespeech?BodyordiscussionFormatsforinformativespeaking:BytopicalorganizationBychronologicalorganizationBycausetoeffectBodyordiscussionFormatforpersuasivespeakingProblem-solutionformatProvethatoneproblemexists.ThesolutionorrecommendationThebenefitsfromthesolutionSomesupportingdevices:examples,illustrations,statistics,quotations,comparisons(analogies)ListeningpracticeListentothefollowingspeechandanswerthefollowingquestions:Whoarethespeakers?What’stheproblemtheyraised?Whatistheproblemraisedbythespeaker?Whatsupportingdevicesdoesheuse?Whataretheexpressionsusedtoindicatethetransitionofapresentation?SummaryorconclusionSummary:puttogetherthemainpointsofyoutalk.Conclusion:drawinferencesorjudgmentsasbasedonyourmaterial,ormakeonelastcalltoaction.ListeningpracticeHowmanypointsareconcludedinthespeech?Andwhatarethey?Whatarethoseexpressionsusedtoconclude?SeveraloralcommunicationformsJobinterviewTelephoneconversationBusinessmeetingJobinterviewPrepareinadvanceUnderstandyourselfKnowdetailsaboutavailablepositionDohomeworkoncompanyRehearsepossiblequestionsSpeakwithinsidersJobinterviewProceduresduringthejobinterviewGivepositivefirstimpression;offerawarmhandshake;showapleasantsmileOrganizeyourideaswithdataorevidencetosupportyourpointsListen.Avoidconfrontation.AskthoughtfulquestionsFollowup:anyspecificaction,additionalinformationorathank-younotedesired?JobinterviewNegativeimpressions:Latearrival;Inattentive,withdrawn,tense,frowningChangingthesubject,irrelevantresponse,longpause,generalizeorexcessivedetailsJobinterviewListentoajobinterviewconversationtwiceandrehearsesimilarroleswithyourpartner.TelephoneEnglishquizChoosetherightanswertocompletethesentence:

1Whenyoupickupthephonetocallsomeoneyouheara___.(ringer/dialtone/receiver).2IfI'mnothomeleaveamessageonmy___(directory/dial/answeringmachine).3SallymustbetalkingtohermombecauseIhavebeengettinga__(answer/chat/busysignal)fortwohours.4Ineveranswermy___(cordless/cellphone/payphone)whileI'mdriving.TelephoneEnglishquiz5I'mbusyrightnow.Canyou__(hangup/callback/telephonebook)later?6Youhaveto__(answer/hangup/dial"0")fortheoperator.7Ihavea___(receiver/busysignal/cordless)soIcandothedishesandchatatthesametime.8Youwillneedaquarteroraphonecardifyouwanttousethe__(cellphone/payphone/pager).TelephoneconversationTipsfortelephoneEnglish:Politegreetings:Hi,how'veyoubeen?Nicetohearfromyou.

Gettingtothepoint:I'mjustcallingtoseeifyou'dliketosetupameeting.SowhatcanIdoforyou?TelephoneconversationTipsfortelephoneEnglish:InterruptingwithoutinsultMayIinterruptyouforasecond?Iwouldliketosaysomethinghere.Allowmetomakeapoint.ConfirmingActionPleaseletmeconfirm...So,letmemakesureI'vegotthingsstraight...

TelephoneconversationTipsfortelephoneEnglish:ClosingthecallWellJohn,it'sbeenapleasuretalkingtoyou.I'llseeyouonFriday,then.UsefultelephoneexpressionsIntroducingyourselfThisisKen.KenspeakingAskingwhoisonthetelephoneExcuseme,whoisthis?CanIaskwhoiscalling,please?AskingforSomeoneCanIhaveextension321?(extensionsareinternalnumbersatacompany)CouldIspeakto...?(CanI-moreinformal/MayI-moreformal)IsJackin?(informalidiommeaning:IsJackintheoffice?UsefultelephoneexpressionsConnectingSomeoneI'llputyouthrough(putthrough-phrasalverbmeaning'connect')Canyouholdtheline?Canyouholdonamoment?HowtoreplywhensomeoneisnotavailableI'mafraid...isnotavailableatthemomentThelineisbusy...(whentheextensionrequestedisbeingused)MrJacksonisn'tin...MrJacksonisoutatthemoment...TakingaMessageCould(Can,May)Itakeamessage?Could(Can,May)Itellhimwhoiscalling?Wouldyouliketoleaveamessage?TelephoneconversationConsiderationsininternationaltelephoningBeawareoftimezones.SpeakclearlyconsideringlanguagebarrierRestateandsummarizemoreoften.Followuptheconversationwithaletterorafax.ListeningpracticeListentotheconversationandtakemessages.Listentotheconversationandparaphrasetheappointment.Role-playStudentA:YouareasalespersonforRedInc.Youaretelephoningaclientwhoyouthinkmightbeinterestedinbuyingyournewlineofofficesupplies.Discussthefollowinginformationwithyourclient:Newlineofofficesuppliesincluding:copy-paper,pens,stationary,mouse-padsandwhiteboardsYouknowthecustomerhasn'torderedanynewproductsduringthispastyearSpecialdiscountof15%forordersplacedbeforenextMondayAnyorderplacedbeforeMondaywillnotonlyreceivethediscount,butalsohaveitscompanylogoprintedontheproductsatnoextrachargeStudentB:Youworkinanofficeandreceiveatelephonecallfromyourlocalofficesupplier.Asamatterfact,youneedsomenewofficesuppliessoyouaredefinitelyinterestedinwhatthesalespersonhastooffer.Talkaboutthefollowing:Newpens,stationaryandwhiteboardsDotheyhaveanyspecialoffersYouwouldliketoplaceanorderfor200packagesofcopypaperimmediatelyBusinessmeetingPreparationworkSettheobjectiveSelecttheparticipantsArrangeformeetingdate,time,placeDistributetheanno