南通市海安高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）

2022-2023学年度高二年级阶段测试(二)英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Intheclassroom.2.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Towaitpatiently.B.Totalkoutside.C.Towatchamoviewithher.3.WhereisTomnow?A.Athome.B.Attheoffice.C.Atschool.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Mary’stypingskills.B.Mary’sworkinghours.C.Mary’sannoyanceatwork.5.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Itisrainy.B.Itiscloudy.C.Itissunny.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答6-7小题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Sellerandcustomer.B.Guideandtourist.C.Brotherandsister.7.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$45.B.$60.C.$80.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whathasthemanbeendoingallmorning?A.Hehasbeenlearning.B.Hehasbeenreadingarticles.C.Hehasbeenlisteningtotheradio.9Whichprogramdoesthemancareaboutmost?A.Teaching.B.Music.C.Sports.10.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheprogram?A.Satisfied.B.Interested.C.Doubtful.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Delighted.B.Worried.C.Surprised.12.Whydoesthemanneedtomove?A.Therentishigh.B.Helikestolivealone.C.Hisroommatehasbadhabits.13.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodothisafternoon?A.Tolookforahouse.B.Tohaveaparty.C.Tomeetafriend.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14Whatfestivalarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Mother’sDay.B.Easter.C.Halloween.15.Whendoesthewomanusuallyvisithergrandparents?A.OnFridaymorning.B.OnSaturdaymorning.C.OnSaturdayafternoon.16.Whatisthewoman’sfavoritepartofthefestival?A.Receivingpresents.B.Goingtochurch.C.Huntingforeggs.17.Whatwillthemanprobablydoduringtheholiday?A.Stayinthedormitory.B.Hangoutwithotherstudents.C.Jointhewoman’sfamilyforthefestival.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdidothersthinkofthespeaker’sbehavioratfirst?A.Itisnormal.B.Itispuzzling.C.Itisunacceptable.19.Howdidthespeakerfinishcleaningthecars?A.Bycooperatingwithhisfriends.B.Byworkingwiththecarowners.C.Byattractingstrangerstohelpinghim.20.Whatdidthespeakergetintheend?A.Thejoyofhelpingothers.B.Akindfriend.C.Alotofmoney.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AResidentialCollegeWritingTutorsTheResidentialCollegeWritingTutorsarecurrentlyworkingviaemailandZoom.Signupthewayyoualwayshave(linkisexternal)，andaconfirmationemailwillexplainhowtoaccessyourtutoratthetimeofyourappointment.ResidentialCollegeWritingTutorsworkwithYaleCollegeundergraduates.SeeGraduateWritingConsultationsifyouareagraduatestudentneedingassistance.PreparingforYourSession·Makeanappointment(linkisexternal)withyourcollege’sWritingTutor.·Carefullyreadtheconfirmationemail，aseachtutoroffersslightlydifferentinstructionsaboutpreparingforappointments.WhattoExpectManytutorswillreadyourpaperinadvance，althoughafewpreferthatyoudothatworktogether.Eitherway，mostsessionswillstartwiththetutoraskingyouwhatyouhopetoaccomplish,whichmightincludequestionsabouttheassignmentoradiscussionofyourexperiencewritingsimilarpapers.Thetutorwillthendiscussthemostimportantareasforrevision.Tutorswon’ttellyouexactlywhattodotofixyouressay，buttheywillhelpyoufigureoutstrategiesforrevisionandpromptyoutotakenotesonthesuggestionsthatarise.Oftenthemostimportantchangesinvolvetheprimaryclaimsofthepaperorthestructureofyourargument.WritingTutorscanalsohelpyouwithgrammarandstyle,althoughnotbyproofreadingyourwholeessay;instead,thetwoofyoumighteditaparagraphtogether,lookingforsuggestionsthatyoucanthenincorporateintotherestofyourpaper.lfyouhaveworkedwiththesametutorbefore，therewillbemoretimetodiscussgeneraltrendsinyourwriting，ortoworkquicklythroughbasicconcernsandmoveontospecificneedsofthecurrentpaper.OnebenefitoftheResidentialCollegeWritingTutorsistheopportunitytoworkoverseveralyearswithsomeonewhoknowsyourwritingwell.1.WhocanmakeanappointmentwithResidentialCollegeWritingTutors?A.PhDstudents. B.Undergraduatestudents.C.Highschoolstudents. D.Graduatestudents.2.WhatwillWritingTutorsnotdo?A.Proofreadyourwholeessay. B.Helpyouwithgrammarandstyle.C.Editaparagraphwithyoutogether. D.Helpyoufigureoutstrategiesforrevision.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Acourseplan.C.Auniversitywebsite. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要是为了向耶鲁大学本科生推荐写作导师，以及介绍写作导师在论文写作方面会如何帮助他们。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ResidentialCollegeWritingTutorsworkwithYaleCollegeundergraduates.SeeGraduateWritingConsultationsifyouareagraduatestudentneedingassistance.（住宿学院写作导师为耶鲁大学本科生提供辅导。如果你是需要帮助的研究生，请参阅研究生写作咨询。）”可知，住宿学院写作导师是为本科生提供课程的。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“WritingTutorscanalsohelpyouwithgrammarandstyle,althoughnotbyproofreadingyourwholeessay;（写作导师也可以在语法和风格上帮助你，尽管不是通过校对你的文章；）”可知，写作导师不会帮你通篇校对你的文章。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据整篇文章分析，通篇都在说写作导师对于本科生论文写作所提供的的帮助，以及对本科生论文写作方面的建议。所以短文来源于一所大学的网站。故选C项。BIntheanimalkingdom,killerwhales(虎鲸)aresocialstars:theytravelinvariedfamilygroups,careforgrandchildren,andevenimitatehumanspeech.Now,scientistsareaddingonemorebehaviortothelist:formingfastfriendships.Anewstudyshowskillerwhalescanrivalanimalssuchaschimpanzeesandmacaques(akindofmonkey),andevenhumanswhenitcomestothekindof“socialtouch”thatindicatesstrongbonds.Someoceananimalsmaintainsocialstructures—includingmaledolphinsthatlearnthe“names”oftheircloseallies(盟友).Butthereislittledataaboutwildkillerwhales.That’swheredronetechnologycamein.MichaelWeiss,abehavioralecologist,teamedupwithhiscolleaguestolaunchdrones,flyingthem30to120metersaboveagroupofkillerwhales.Thatwashighenoughnottotroublethewhales,markingthefirsttimedroneshavebeenusedtostudyfriendlyphysicalcontactinwhales.Theresearchersrecordedover800instancesofphysicalcontactbetweenindividuals.Thoseincludedhugs,back-to-backandnose-to-nosetouchesbetweenpairsofwhales.Otherwhalesplayfullythrewyoungwhalesintotheair,lettingthemfallintothewater.Besides,thedroneimagesrevealedclearpreferencesamongindividuals,usuallyforone“bestfriend”ofthesamesexandage.TakeJ49andJ51—twodistantlyrelatedyoungmalesaged9and6—forinstance.“Everytimeyouseeagroupofwhales,thosetwoarerightthereinteractingwitheachother,”Weisssays.Theyoungledmostoftheseinteractions,ratherthantheolderfemalesormales.Oldermalesinparticularwerelessimportant.“Theyoungindividualsreallyseemtobetheglue(胶水)holdingthegroupstogether,”Weisssays.Asindividualsage,thisgraduallossof“centrality”isknowninmanysocialmammals,includinghumans.Thatfindingis“especiallyappealing”toStaceyTecot,whowasn’tinvolvedinthestudy.“Scientistshavelongobservedthissocialagingtrendinanimals,buttherearestillmanyunansweredquestions,”shesays.That’scertainlyontheresearchers’radar.“We’realreadygatheringnewdata,withmoreadvancedequipment,”saysWeiss.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rival”inParagraphlprobablymean?A.Benefitfrom. B.Beequalto.C.Dependon. D.Befondof.5.WhatisnewaboutWeiss’research?A.Theresearchmethod. B.Thevarietyofspecies.C.Thesizeoftheresearchteam. D.Thetimespentontheresearch.6.WhatdidWeissfindaboutJ49andJ51?A.Theyhaveastablefriendship.B.Theirinteractionsaremorecomplicated.C.Theircommunicatingwayschangefrequently.D.Theypreferplayingwithyoungfemalewhales.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Moreresearcherswillbeinvolvedinthestudy.B.Otherscientiststakeanegativeattitudetotheresearch.C.Researcherswillcollectmoredatatostudykillerwhales.D.Researcherswilluncoverthesocialagingtrendinanimalssoon.【答案】4.B5.A6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了社交明星虎鲸的建立快速友谊的能力。行为生态学家迈克尔·韦斯（MichaelWeiss）与同事合作发射无人机研究虎鲸的友好身体接触。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一自然段“Now,scientistsareaddingonemorebehaviortothelist:formingfastfriendships.”（现在，科学家们又给这个清单增加了一种行为：建立快速友谊。）可知，科学家们对于虎鲸的社交能力又有一项新的发现——建立快速友谊。所以可推知下文“Anewstudyshowskillerwhalescanrivalanimalssuchaschimpanzeesandmacaques(akindofmonkey),andevenhumanswhenitcomestothekindof“socialtouch”thatindicatesstrongbonds.”（一项新的研究表明，虎鲸可以与黑猩猩和猕猴（猴子的一种）等动物，甚至人类rival，因为它们的“社交接触”表明它们之间有着牢固的联系。）是说虎鲸的建立快速友谊的能力可以与黑猩猩和猕猴等动物，甚至人类相匹敌。A.Benefitfrom.从……受益；B.Beequalto.与……相当；C.Dependon.依靠；D.Befondof.喜爱。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Butthereislittledataaboutwildkillerwhales.That’swheredronetechnologycamein.MichaelWeiss,abehavioralecologist,teamedupwithhiscolleaguestolaunchdrones,flyingthem30to120metersaboveagroupofkillerwhales.”（但关于野生虎鲸的数据很少。这就是无人机技术的起源。行为生态学家迈克尔·韦斯（MichaelWeiss）与同事合作发射无人驾驶飞机，在一群虎鲸上方30至120米处飞行。）可知，迈克尔·韦斯使用无人机进行研究，也就是说他的研究方法新颖。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三自然段“TakeJ49andJ51—twodistantlyrelatedyoungmalesaged9and6—forinstance.“Everytimeyouseeagroupofwhales,thosetwoarerightthereinteractingwitheachother,”Weisssays.”（以J49和J51这两个9岁和6岁的远亲年轻雄性虎鲸为例。韦斯说：“每次你看到一群虎鲸时，它们就在那里相互交流。”）可知，J49和J51有稳定的友谊。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Scientistshavelongobservedthissocialagingtrendinanimals,buttherearestillmanyunansweredquestions,”shesays.That’scertainlyontheresearchers’radar.“We’realreadygatheringnewdata,withmoreadvancedequipment,”saysWeiss.”（她说：“科学家们长期以来一直观察到动物的这种社会老龄化趋势，但仍有许多问题没有答案。”。这当然是研究人员关注的问题。Weiss说：“我们已经在用更先进的设备收集新数据。”）可知，研究人员将收集更多数据来研究虎鲸。故选C。CGenerationZisdifferent.Asawhole,Americansbornbetweenthelate1990sandearly2000sarelesslikelytohaveworkorlookforit:theirlabour-force-participationrateis71%,comparedwith75%formillennials(bornbetween1980andthelate1990s)and78%forGenerationX(borninthedecadeorsoto1980)wheneachcameofage.Asaresult,theymakeupasmallershareoftheworkforce.Withgraduationceremoniesbehindthem,thelatestgroupofdiploma-holdersareenteringthejobmarket.Whattheywantfromemployersisalsonotquitethesameasingenerationspast.AlthoughGen-Zemployeesfeltmorelonelyandisolatedthantheiroldercolleaguesatthestartofthepandemic,theabilitytoworkremotelyhasbroughtnewpossibilities.Thebenefitsgobeyondworkinginyourpyjamas.Manyaretakingcallsfrombeachchairsandhammocks(吊床)inmorecomfortableplacesorfleeingbigcitiesinsearchforcheaperorlargerhomes.Thishasbigimplications.Industrieswithjobsthatcannotbedonefromhomearefallingoutoffavourwithrecentgraduates.AstudybyManpowerGroup,anemploymentcompany,suggestsaninverserelationship(反比关系)betweentalentshortagesandflexibleworkingpolicies.Thesectorswhichareeitherlessabletoofferremoteworkorhavebeenslowertoembraceit-includingconstruction,financeandmanufacturing-havefacedsomeofthebiggestskillsgapsforalltypesofjob.Thatinturnhasacceleratedapre-existingtrendofyoungemployeestradingWallStreetforSiliconValley.Nowtechnologybossesaremorewillingthantheiroppositenumbersinfinancetoletemployeesworkfromhome(oranywhereelse).AnnualrankingsofemployerdesirabilitybyUniversum,agraduate-staffingconsultancy,bearthisout.In2008thelistofbestemployersgradedbyAmericangraduateswasdominatedbybigbanksandtheBigFourconsultingfirms.By2021sevenofthetenhighestspotswereoccupiedbytechandmediagiants.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diploma-holders"inthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Employees. B.Students.C.Graduates. D.Shareholders.9.WhydoGen-Zemployeespreferworkremotely?A.Theywantmoreholidaysonthebeach.B.Theylovewearingpyjamaswhileworking.C.Theywanttoworkinamoreflexibleway.D.Theycan’taffordtheresidentsinbigcities.10.WhatdoesthestudybyManpowerGroupsuggest?A.Allwalksoflifearefacingsomeofthebiggestskillsgaps.B.Construction,financeandmanufacturingcan’tofferremotework.C.Industrieswithflexibleworkingpoliciesmaysuffertalentshortages.D.Industrieswithjobsthatcannotbedonefromhomearelesspopular.11.WhydoestheauthormentionWallStreetandSiliconValley?A.Toweighuptheprosandconsofthetwoindustries.B.Toproveindustriesintechnologyaremoreappealing.C.Topredictthechangeofpreferenceamongemployees.D.ToshowSiliconValleyisabetterplacetosettledown.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Z世代（也称为“互联网世代”，通常是指1995年至2009年出生的一代人）毕业生对就业需求的变化，他们更青睐能够让他们在家灵活办公的科技公司。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词前半句“Withgraduationceremoniesbehindthem,(随着毕业典礼的结束，)”可知，随着毕业典礼的结束，最新一批文凭持有者正在进入就业市场。可以推出，diploma-holders指的是那些参加完毕业典礼，准备进入就业市场的毕业生。这与diploma-holder“毕业文凭持有者”的字面意思也相符。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“AlthoughGen-Zemployeesfeltmorelonelyandisolatedthantheiroldercolleaguesatthestartofthepandemic,theabilitytoworkremotelyhasbroughtnewpossibilities.Thebenefitsgobeyondworkinginyourpyjamas.Manyaretakingcallsfrombeachchairsandhammocks(吊床)inmorecomfortableplacesorfleeingbigcitiesinsearchforcheaperorlargerhomes.(尽管在疫情开始时，Z世代的员工比年长的同事更感到孤独和孤立，但远程工作的能力带来了新的可能性。这样做的好处不仅仅是穿着睡衣工作。许多人在更舒适的地方坐在沙滩椅和吊床上接听电话，或者逃离大城市，寻找更便宜或更大的房子。)”可知，远程办公带来了很多新的可能性。其中的好处不仅仅是可以居家工作，许多人还可以在更闲适的地方处理工作电话，或者在大城市以外的地方找到更便宜或更宽敞的房子。这些都是一种更为灵活的工作方式。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“AstudybyManpowerGroup,anemploymentcompany,suggestsaninverserelationship(反比关系)betweentalentshortagesandflexibleworkingpolicies.(招聘公司ManpowerGroup的研究表明，人才短缺程度和就业政策的灵活性之间成反比关系。)”可推断，很难实现远程办公或者对远程办公接受较慢的行业，其各种岗位都或多或少存在着重大技能人才短缺的问题。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thatinturnhasacceleratedapre-existingtrendofyoungemployeestradingWallStreetforSiliconValley.(这反过来又加速了年轻员工从华尔街转投硅谷的趋势。)”可知，上一段提到的人才短缺问题，反过来又加速了年轻求职者从美国金融中心华尔街转投高科技事业云集的硅谷的既有倾向。可见科技产业更加受欢迎。故选B。DLisaGautierreceivesnearlyadozenparcelsofhumanhaireveryday.WithherSan-Francisco-basednon-profitorganizationMatterofTrust,Gautierturnsdonatedhairintomatsusedtosoakupoilspillsonland,andbooms(longtubes)usedforspillsatsea.Astandardwaytocleanupoilfromlandistousematsmadefrompolypropylene(聚丙烯).Butpolypropyleneisanon-biodegradableplastic,andproducingitultimatelymeansmoredrillingforoil.Hair,bycontrast,isanenvironmentallyfriendlyresourcethatcansoakuparoundfivetimesitsweightinoil,accordingtoMatterofTrust,anditisabundant.Oilspillscanpollutedrinkingwater,endangerpublichealth,harmplantsandwildlife,anddamagetheeconomy.AccordingtoGautier,thespillsthathittheheadlinesonlymakeup5%ofglobaloilpollution.MeganMurray,anenvironmentalbiologistattheUniversityofTechnologySydney,developssustainabletechnologiestotackleoilspills.Herresearchindicatesthataswellasbeingbiodegradable,humanhairisoftenjustaseffectiveaspolypropylene,andinsomecircumstancesevenbetter.“Thehairmatsareverybeneficialtolandspills,”saysMurraybutaddsthatwhenrawoilisspilledonbeachsand,itisverydifficulttoabsorbitusinganyofthematerialsshehastested.Anotheradvantageofhairisthatitcostslessthanconventionalmaterialsandis“globallyaccessibleasarecycledmaterial,”shesays.However,Murraycautionsthathairmatsarenotaperfectsolution,becausetheyaresingle-use,andcanonlybedealtwithbyburningorbyburyingintosoilwhichthenisn’tsuitableforgrowingfood.Sheisnowresearchingmethodstoextracttheoilfromausedhairmat,meaningbothcanbereused.Asthehairmatdesignsaren’tunderpatent,othergroupshavebegunproducingtheirownmatsandbooms.Gautierispleasedtoseethemovementgrowing.“Anyonecanmakeahairmat,”shesays.“Itcreatesgreenjobs，itcleanswater,itreduceswasteinlandfill,andit’spromotingrenewableresources.”12.Whatdoweknowaboutpolypropyleneaccordingtothepassage?A.Itisbiodegradable.B.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Peopleneedmoreoiltoproduceit.D.Peopleseldomusematsmadefromittocleanupoilfromland.13.WhatdoesMeganMurraythinkofthehairmats?A.Hairmatsdonoharmtosoilafterbeingburnt.B.Theeffectofhairmatsonterrestrial(陆地上的)spillsisnotverygood.C.Peoplespendmoretomakehairmatsthanconventionalmaterials.D.Hairmatsarenotaperfectsolutionbecausetheycan’tberecyclednow.14.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Mostoil-spilleventshavereceivedwidespreadmediacoverage.B.LisaGautierdonatedherhairtosoakupoilspillsonlandandatsea.C.MeganMurraygoesallouttomakethehairmatsandtheoilextractedfromthemreused.D.Therearemanyothermaterialsusedtotreatoilspillsonbeachsandbesideshair.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoTackleOilSpillsB.APerfectRecycledMaterial—HumanHairC.TakeActiontoMakeHairMatsAndBoomsD.HumanHairIsBeingUsedtoCleanUpOilSpills【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在旧金山的一个非盈利组织收集头发来减轻石油泄露带来的影响，并发现用头发做成的发垫是一个很好的方案但却不是最完美的方案，他们正在尝试着使发垫能够被重复利用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一二句“Astandardwaytocleanupoilfromlandistousematsmadefrompolypropylene(聚丙烯).Butpolypropyleneisanon-biodegradableplastic,andproducingitultimatelymeansmoredrillingforoil.（清理陆地油污的一个标准方法是使用聚丙烯制成的垫子。但聚丙烯是一种不可生物降解的塑料，生产它最终意味着更多的石油钻探）”可知，生产聚丙烯需要更多的石油。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“However,Murraycautionsthathairmatsarenotaperfectsolution,becausetheyaresingle-use,andcanonlybedealtwithbyburningorbyburyingintosoilwhichthenisn’tsuitableforgrowingfood.Sheisnowresearchingmethodstoextracttheoilfromausedhairmat,meaningbothcanbereused.（然而，默里警告说，发垫不是完美的解决方案，因为它们是一次性使用的，只能通过焚烧或埋进不适合种植食物的土壤中来处理。她现在正在研究从用过的发垫中提取发油的方法，这意味着两者都可以重复使用。）”可知，发垫不是完美的完美的解决方案因为他们不能被立马回收。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Sheisnowresearchingmethodstoextracttheoilfromausedhairmat,meaningbothcanbereused.（她现在正在研究从用过的发垫中提取发油的方法，这意味着两者都可以重复使用。）”可知，MeganMurray正在尽全力的去研究能让发垫重复利用的方法。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章整体分析，文章全篇都在说人的头发对于清洁泄漏的石油的作用，它并不是一个完美的解决方案，MeganMurray正在尝试去优化这个方案。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatAretheRootsofYourSelf-Esteem?Self-esteemisaperson'ssubjectiveassessmentofhisorherworthtohimselforherself.Self-esteemcoversvariousbeliefsaboutoneself(suchas'Tmafailure"and"I'mbeautiful")aswellasphysiologicalstates,includingsadness,joy,andshame.Themorewebelievethatweareworthyofhappinessandgoodthingsinlife,themoreself-fulfilledwewillbe.Whenwedon'tbelievethatweareworthyofthesethings,ourabilitytoenjoythemcansuffer.____16____Healthyself-esteemasanadultcanbeagiftgiveninyourchildhood.Itisablessingthatmostpeopleoverlook.Therearesomanywaysadultswithhighself-esteemweresupportedaschildrenthatresultedinthemhavinghighself-esteem.Forinstance,theywerepraisedforwhattheyhadachieved.____17____Theylikelyexperiencedaffectionandweregivenenoughattention.Itisalsopossiblethattheyexcelledinstudiesorinsportsandwereadmiredforitbypeers.____18____Aschildren,manyofthesepeoplewerecriticized,yelledat,orabusedinonewayoranother.Thereisalsoahighchancethattheyweregivennoattentionbytheadultswhoweresupposedtocareforthem.Insomecases,adultswithpoorself-esteemwereoftenridiculedfortheirshortcomingsorbulliedbypeers.Itiscommonthattheseadultsalsobelievethatinordertobeappreciatedtheyneedtobeperfect.____19____Therearepeoplewhoareobsessedwiththeircareersorhobbiesbecauseintheirmindtheyneedtotietheirworthinesstosomethingconcrete.Oftentimesthesepeoplehavetopretendtobesomethingtheyarenotjusttogetapproval.Howyoufeelaboutyourselfimpactshowyouliveyourlife.Peoplewithhighself-esteemtendtohavebetterrelationshipsthanthosewithlowself-esteem.____20____Soifyoustruggletoreachoutforassistance,itcouldberootedinyourlowself-esteem.A.Thereisalsoagoodchancethattheywerespokentorespectfully.B.Whenwestarttodoubtwhat'simportantinlife,wetendtodolessofit.C.Sinceself-esteemisconnectedtohowweperform,itisimportanttoworkonit.D.Peoplewithpoorself-esteemontheotherhand,oftenexperiencedtheopposite.E.Thiscreatesanimageintheirmindthatwithoutaccomplishmenttheyareworthless.F.Theyfacefailuretoo,buttheyunderstandthatfailureorsuccessdoesn'tdefinethem.G.Highself-esteemenablesyoutoaskforhelpandsupportfromthepeoplearoundyouwhenyouneedit.【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.E20.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。自尊是一个人对自己价值的主观评价。自尊包括对自己的各种信念和生理状态。文章对高自尊和低自尊的人进行了对比和说明。【16题详解】根据前文“Whenwedon'tbelievethatweareworthyofthesethings,ourabilitytoenjoythemcansuffer.(当我们不相信自己值得拥有这些东西时，我们享受它们的能力就会受到伤害)”可知，此处是指当我们对人生和自己产生怀疑时，就会有不好的影响。所以选项B.Whenwestarttodoubtwhat'simportantinlife,wetendtodolessofit.(当我们开始怀疑生活中重要的东西，我们往往会对此做得更少)切合文意，且和前文句式相同。故选B。【17题详解】根据后文“Theylikelyexperiencedaffectionandweregivenenoughattention.Itisalsopossiblethattheyexcelledinstudiesorinsportsandwereadmiredforitbypeers.(他们可能经历了感情，并得到了足够的关注。也有可能他们在学习或体育方面表现优异，并因此受到同龄人的崇拜)”可知，此处是指他们被怀有敬意地对待，所以选项A.Thereisalsoagoodchancethattheywerespokentorespectfully.(也有一个很好的机会让人们向他们尊敬地说话)切合文意。故选A。【18题详解】根据后文“Insomecases,adultswithpoorself-esteemwereoftenridiculedfortheirshortcomingsorbulliedbypeers.(在某些情况下，缺乏自尊的成年人经常因为自己的缺点而被嘲笑或被同龄人欺负)”可知，此处是讲缺乏自尊的人往往不被尊重，所以选项D.Peoplewithpoorself-esteem,ontheotherhand,oftenexperiencedtheopposite.(另一方面，缺乏自尊的人所经历的往往恰恰相反)切合文意。故选D。【19题详解】根据前文“Itiscommonthattheseadultsalsobelievethatinordertobeappreciatedtheyneedtobeperfect.(这些成年人也普遍认为，为了被欣赏，他们需要变得完美)”可知，选项E中的this是指人们认为为了被欣赏他们需要变得完美，根据后文“Therearepeoplewhoareobsessedwiththeircareersorhobbiesbecauseintheirmindtheyneedtotietheirworthinesstosomethingconcrete.(有些人痴迷于自己的事业或爱好，因为在他们的脑海中，他们需要把自己的价值与具体的东西联系起来)”可知，有些人往往把自己的价值和成就联系在一起，所以选项E.Thiscreatesanimageintheirmindthatwithoutaccomplishmenttheyareworthless.(这在他们的脑海中造成了一种形象，没有成就，他们是毫无价值的)切合文意。故选E。【20题详解】根据后文“Soifyoustruggletoreachoutforassistance,itcouldberootedinyourlowself-esteem.(所以如果你挣扎着去寻求帮助，那可能是因为你的自卑)”可知，自尊心高的人不会纠结于是否要寻求帮助，所以选项G.Highself-esteemenablesyoutoaskforhelpandsupportfromthepeoplearoundyouwhenyouneedit.(高自尊能让你在需要的时候向周围的人寻求帮助和支持)切合文意。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)第一节完型填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选择中，选出最佳选项。Tacklingbehavioralproblemsatschoolisnoteasy,butDr.TerranceNewtonisdoingthatwitha____21____effectivesolution.InhisfirstyearasprincipalofWarnerElementarySchool,Newtonhasalreadyseena____22____changeinhisat-riskstudents.Allittookwasafewquality____23____andapairofclippers.Newtonsawthe____24____assoonashestartedattheschool.Bullyingwas____25____andstudentswereconstantlybeing____26____.Hebelievedthebestwaytosolvethiswastobuildpositiverelationshipswithstudents.So,he____27____tosetupabarbershopatschool.Havingcuthairbefore,Newton____28____thebarbershopcouldbeasafespaceforstudentsto____29____.Andhewasright-notonlyhashebondedwithformer_____30_____,butsuspensionshavedroppedfrom103to4inthelastyear!Evenbetter,bullyinghasallbutstopped.KamishaCollinshasseenthe_____31_____inher11-year-oldson,BrandonPonzo.“Inthebeginningoftheschoolyear,mysonstartedoffreally_____32_____andwasnotgettingalongwithDr.Newton,butnowtheyhavebuiltthis_____33_____-heloveshimverymuch,”Collinssaid.“Dr.Newtonsayspositivethingstothemwhilecuttingtheirhair.Andmyson’sbehaviorandgradeshaveimprovedsomuch.”Whatabrilliantideanottomentiona_____34_____leader!Alittleloveandcarecanmakeabigimpacton_____35_____kids.21.A.suddenly B.similarly C.surprisingly D.hardly22.A.great B.slight C.harmful D.risky23.A.haircuts B.conversations C.performances D.services24.A.fear B.problem C.project D.reason25.A.outofplace B.undercontrol. C.underdiscussion D.outofhand26.A.suspended B.criticized C.praised D.protected27.A.decided B.preferred C.learned D.afforded28.A.promised B.admitted C.rejected D.figured29.A.calmdown B.openup C.showup D.breakdown30.A.classmates B.colleagues C.housekeepers D.troublemakers31.A.increase B.encouragement C.difference D.difficulty32.A.rough B.pleasant C.easy D.mild33.A.barrier B.barbershop C.reputation D.bond34.A.strict B.brave C.fantastic D.modest35.A.appealing B.disappointing C.struggling D.lying【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.B25.D26.A27.A28.D29.B30.D31.C32.A33.D34.C35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了解决学校里的行为问题并不容易，但特伦斯·牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：解决学校里的行为问题并不容易，但特伦斯·牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题。A.suddenly突然地；B.similarly相似地；C.surprisingly惊人地；D.hardly几乎不。根据上文“Tacklingbehavioralproblemsatschoolisnoteasy”说明解决问题不容易，以及此处的but转折故可推知，此处为但特伦斯·牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在担任华纳小学校长的第一年，牛顿就已经看到了他那些有危险的学生的巨大变化。A.great巨大的；B.slight轻的；C.harmful有害的；D.risky冒险的。根据上文所说牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题，以及此处“changeinhisat-riskstudents”变化在危险学生上，故可推知，此处为看到学生巨大的变化。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：只需要几次高质量的谈话和一把剪刀。A.haircuts理发；B.conversations谈话；C.performances表演；D.services服务。根据下文“Newtonsayspositivethingstothemwhilecuttingtheirhair.”可知，此处为只需要几次高质量的谈话和一把剪刀。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：牛顿一到这所学校就发现了这个问题。A.fear害怕；B.problem问题；C.project项目；D.reason理由。根据下文“