考研《英语一》汾西县2023年临考冲刺试卷含解析_第1页
考研《英语一》汾西县2023年临考冲刺试卷含解析_第2页
考研《英语一》汾西县2023年临考冲刺试卷含解析_第3页
考研《英语一》汾西县2023年临考冲刺试卷含解析_第4页
考研《英语一》汾西县2023年临考冲刺试卷含解析_第5页
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考研《英语一》汾西县2023年临考冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)It'snotunusualtobecaughtinyourlife.Whenyougetcaughtinamoment,youshouldrememberthatsomewhereoutthere,someonealwayscomesalongwithapocketfullof1.YesterdayIspentallmycoinsanddollar2onlittledeedsIhad3breakfastbecauseIgotuplate.Becauseofthemadrush,Iforgotmy4.When1wasonmywayto5mylunch,apersoninneedaskedmeifIcould6himsomecash,soIdecidedtolendhimfirst.So,thenlaterintheevening,Iwasheadinghome7waitingfordinner.8,Igotacallfrommymumsayingthatshewastowork9andwouldn'tbeabletopreparedinnerforme.10therewasnofoodinthehouse.Itoldmymumnottoworry11Iwouldsurelyfindmyselfsomethingtocat.WhileIwasstill12thissuddensetofchangesinmyfoodoptionsfortheday.Ipassedayoungmanwithabroadsmile13samples(样品)ofcookiesatasupermarket,hegavemeapacketandsaid."Howaboutyou14somemoreforschooltomorrow15that.Ireturnedawarm16tohimandopenedupmybag.Hegladlyfilleditwith20packets.Iwas17.Whetheryoucallitluckorfortune,I18wantedtosaythatsomewhereouttheresomebodycamealongcarryingapocketofhopeinhis19andsharedapieceofitwithme!Somebodyouttherewillonedaydo20foryou!1、A.HopeB.chanceC.luckD.food2、A.ChecksB.cashC.billsD.change3、A.HadB.skippedC.leftD.taken4、A.bagB.keysC.purseD.lunch5、A.ServeB.cookC.buyD.prepare6、A.giveB.spareC.payD.show7、A.disappointedlyB.gratefullyC.anxiouslyD.willingly8、A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.BesidesD.Instead9、A.WellB.lateC.hardD.alone10、A.SinceB.AsifC.WhenD.Eventhough11、A.becauseB.soC.beforeD.after12、A.processingB.introducingC.nukingD.seeking13、A.findingoutB.handingoutC.puttingupD.usingup14、A.adoptingB.exchangingC.supplyingD.taking15、A.ContrarytoB.OpposedtoC.OwingtoD.Inresponseto16、A.smileB.welcomeC.laughingD.affection17、A.confusedB.worriedC.excitedD.puzzled18、A.seriouslyB.nearlyC.normallyD.simply19、A.coatB.mindC.heartD.packet20、A.alotB.thesameC.muchD.someSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Everyday,weareinchingclosertosomekindofartificialintelligence.Advancesinbigdata,machinelearningandroboticsaregoingtogiveusaworldwherecomputersareeffectivelyintelligentintermsofhowwedealwiththem.Shouldyoubescaredbythis?Absolutely,butnotintheusual“robotoverlords”(机器人帝国)kindofway.Instead,therealfearshouldbeaboutgettinghumanbeingswrong,notgettingAIright.Thekeytothetechnologyistheabilityofcomputerstorecognizehumanemotionsbasedonthe‘‘activation”ofmusclesintheface.Acomputercanidentifythepositionsoffacialmusclesandusethemtoinfertheemotionalstateofitsuser.Thenthemachinerespondsinwaysthattakethatemotionalstateintoaccount.Onepotentialapplicationofitistoprovide“emotionalrobots”fortheelderly.Havingamachinethatcouldspeakinakindwaywouldcomfortalonelyolderperson.Thatisagoodthing,right?Butthatwon’talsorelieveusfromquestioninghowweendedupinasocietythattakescareoftheelderlybecausewedon’tknowwhatelsetodowiththem?Can’twehavemorehumanesolutionsthanrobots?“Emotiondata”aren’tthesamethingastherealandvividemotionalexperienceswehumanbeingshave.Ouremotionsaremorethanourfacesorvoices.Howcantheybepulledoutlikeathread,onebyone,fromthefabricofourbeing?Researchprogramscancomewithmuchphilosophicalconcern,too.Fromthecomputers’pointofview,whatthecomputingtechnologycapturesareemotions,butatitsrootisareductionofhumanexperiencewhoseoutwardexpressionscanbecapturedalgorithmically(计算上).Asthetechnologyisusedintheworld,itcanreframetheworldinwaysthatcanbehardtoescapefrom.Thetechnologywillclearlyhaveusefulapplications,butonceittreatsemotionsasdata,wemayfindthatitistheonlyaspectofemotionwecometorecognizeorvalue.Oncebillionsofdollarsfloodsintothisfield,wewillfindourselvestrappedinatechnologythatisreducingourlives.Evenworse,our“emotiondata”willbeusedagainstustomakemoneyforsomeoneelse.AndthatiswhatscaresmeaboutAI.1、Whydoestheauthorfeelscaredofthedevelopmentofartificialintelligence?A.Thetechnologyisdevelopingmuchtooslowly.B.Computerscan’trecognizehumanemotions.C.Robotswouldgetcontrolofhumanbeings.D.Peoplemayuseartificialintelligenceimproperly.2、Whydoestheauthordisliketheideaofproviding“emotionalrobots”fortheelderly?A.Theagedpeoplewillfindithardtolivewiththem.B.Whatelderlypeopleneedismuchmorethanthat.C.Itcan’trelieveusofthepressurefrommodernsociety.D.It’simpossibletousethemtokeeptheelderlyhealthy.3、WhatdoestheauthorintendtoconcludeinParagraphs4and5?A.Emotionaldatacan’tbeequaltohumanemotions.B.AItechnologyitselfhasfewerandfewerfaults.C.AI-built-inrobotswon’thavetheabilitytounderstandhumanbeings.D.Theinformationcomputersgetcanreframehumanemotions.4、Howdoestheauthorthinkabout‘‘emotiondata”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Itcanarousepeople’ssenseofvalue.B.Itcanimprovepeople’shumanexperience.C.Itmaybemisusedasatooltomakeprofits.D.ItmaypushtheAItechnologyforward.Text2Chinabecamethefirstcountrytocloneamonkeyusingnon-reproductivecells,reducingtheneedtobreedlabmonkeysandpavingthewayformoreaccurate,effectiveandaffordableanimaltestsfornewdrugs,scientistssaidonThursday.ByDecember,theInstituteofNeuroscienceoftheChineseAcademyofScienceshadcreatedtwoclonemacaques(猕猴)named”ZhongZhong”and“HuaHua”bynucleartransferringofsomaticcells(体细胞)-anycellintheorganismotherthanreproductivecells.Tetra,amonkeybornin1999,istheworld'sfirstclonedmonkey,butitwasdonebyusingasimplermethodcalledembryosplitting(胚胎分割);butitcouldonlygeneratefourclonedoffspringatatimeandcannotbegeneticallychangedtosuittheexperimentalneed.Cloningamonkeyusingsomaticcellshasbeenaworld-classchallengebecauseitisaprimate(灵长类)thatsharesitsgeneticmakeup,andthereforeallofitscomplexity,withhumans.Fordrugandotherlabtests,scientistshavetopurchasemonkeysfromallovertheworld,whichiscostlyandbadfortheenvironment,andproducesinaccurateresultsbecauseeachmonkeymighthavedifferentgenes.Bycloningmonkeyusingsomaticcells,wecanmassivelycultivatelargenumbersofgeneticallyidenticaloffspringinashortamountoftime,andwecanevenchangetheirgenestosuitourneeds.Thiscansavetime,cutdownexperimentcosts,andproducemoreaccurateresults,leadingtomoreeffectivemedicine.SunQiang,directorofthenon-humanprimateresearchfacilityattheinstitute,saidmostofthedrugtrialsarecurrentlydoneonlabmice.However,drugsthatworkonmicemightnotworkorevenhaveseveresideeffectsonhumansbecausethetwospeciesaresodifferent“Monkeysandhumansarebothprimates,sotheyaremuchcloselyrelatedandtestingonmonkeysissupposedtobeaseffectiveastestingonhumans,”hesaid.Thisisespeciallyusefulintestingdrugsforneural(神经的)diseasessuchasParkinson’sdisease,metabolicsyndrome(代谢综合症)andimmunesystemdiseases,andtumors,headded.“ThisachievementwillhelpChinaleadtheworldresearchintheinternationalscienceprojectsrelatedtoneuralmappingofprimatebrains,"hesaid."However,biolabsfromtheUnitedStates,Japan,andEuropeancountriesarealsoverycapable,andtheywillquicklycatchupwithChinaafterthemonkeycloningtechnologyismadepublic,"Sunadded.“Thismeanswehavetoinnovatecontinuouslyandworkextrahardthisyeartostayahead,"hesaid.1、Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactorincloningmacaquesnamed"ZhongZhong"and"HuaHua"?A.Reproductivecells.B.SomaticcellsC.Neuralmapping.D.Geneticmakeup2、Whyiscloningmonkeyssodifficult?A.Becauseitisbadforourenvironment.B.Becauseeachmonkeymighthavedifferentgenes.C.Becausemonkeys'geneticmakeupisascomplicatedashumans.D.Becauseitistooexpensivetoworkontheirgeneticmakeup.3、WhatisthemainideaofParagraph8?A.Thecureforneuraldiseases.B.Theprocessofcloningmonkeys.C.Thesignificanceofcloningmonkeys.D.Thecloserelationsbetweenmonkeysandhumans.4、Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.Moreeffectivemedicinewillbeproduced.B.Drugtrialsonlabmicewillbeabandoned.C.Chinaisthefirstcountrytohaveclonedmonkeys.D.Chinawillstayaheadoftheworldincloning.Text3There’snodoubtthatwaterisvitaltoanylife.About60percentoftheaverageadulthumanbodyismadeofwater.Thisincludesmostofyourbrain,heart,lungs,musclesandskin,andevenabout30percentofyourbones.Yetthere’slittlescientificagreementabouttheexactamountofthestuffanindividualshouldconsumeeachday.Sohowmuchwaterdoyouactuallyneedtodrinktobehealthy?Youmayhaveheardthatyoushoulddrinkeight8-ounceglassesofwateraday.Yet,thedownsideofthisrule,researcherssay,isthatdrinkingwaterbytheglassisnottheonlywaythathumanstakeinit.The“8X8”ruleessentiallyoverlookstwobigsourcesofdailywaterconsumption.Onesuchsourceisfood.Everythingyoueatcontainssomewater.Watermelons,forexample,aremorethan90percentwaterbyweight.Differentdietsnaturallycontaindifferentamountsofwaters,andthecounts.Theotherkeywatersourcesareotherbeverages.Non-alcoholicdrinkssuchascoffee,andtea,containmostlywaterandallcontributetoyourhydration(水量).So,betweenallthefood,waterandotherfluidsyouconsumeinaday,howmuchwatershouldyouaimtotakein?TheNationalAcademicsofSciencessuggeststhatwomanconsumeatotalofapproximately2.7liters(91ounces)ofwarmfromallbeveragesandfoodseachdayandmen3.7liters(125ounces).Butthesearejustgeneralguidelines.Thetruthis,thereisnomagicstandardforhydration—everyone’sneedvarydependingontheirage,weight,levelofphysicalactivity,generalhealthandeventheclimatetheylivein.Themorewateryoulose,themorewateryou’llneedtoreplacewithfoodanddrink.Ifyouarelookingforconcreteadvice,though,thebestplacetolookiswithin.Drinkupwhenyou’rethirsty.1、HowdoestheauthorsupporttheunderlinedsentenceinPara1?A.Byprovidingfacts.B.Byaskingaquestion.C.Bymakingacomparison.D.Byputtingforwardsuggestions.2、Accordingtothe“8X8”rule,howmuchwatershouldwetakeinaday?A.8ouncesB.64ouncesC.91ouncesD.125ounces3、What’sthedisadvantageofthe“8X8”rule?A.Thewaterfrombothfoodandotherbeveragesisignored.B.Itincludestheamountofwaterfrombothfoodandbeverages.C.Itdoesnottakewaterfromdrinksintoaccount.D.Itoverlooksthefactthatwetakein90%ofthewaterfromfruits.4、Whatcanweinferfromthefinalsuggestion?A.Amandoingtiringphysicalworkdrunkslessthan3.7litersaweek.B.Apersoningoodhealthdrinkswheneverhefeelsthirsty.C.Anoverweightmaleinahotsummerdrinks125ounceseverytwodays.D.Afemaleeatingalotofwatermelonsdrinksmorethan91ouncesdaily.Text4Evenifyoudon’thavetowork,eatorsleep,youwon’tbeabletogetthroughallinfermationonblogsandsocialnetworks.Theproblemwefaceisthatmuchofthisinformationseemsveryinterestingatfirstglance.Actually,muchoftheinformationisunimportant,disposableanditdistracts(分心)usfrommoremeaningfulpursuits.Worsestill,whenwespendlotsoftimeconsuminginformationfromoursocialmediastreams,wemayfindithardtoconcentrateonwhatwe’redoingandwehaveatendencytoforgetwhatwehaveconsumedanyway.AnewstudyfromSweden’sKTHRoyalInstituteofTechnologyhasfoundthattoomuchsocialmediaexposureactuallyreducesyourabilitytoprocessinformationanddepletesyourshort-termworkingmemory.Ourworkingmemoryplaysacriticalroleinourcapacitytofilterinformationandrememberwhatisvaluablebutitisnotalimitlessresource.ErikFransén,aprofessorinComputerScienceatKTHandtheleaderofthisnewstudyonsocialmediaoverloadsaysthiscanexplainwhyourcapacityforprocessinginformationbeginstofailwhenweattempttostuffmoreinformationintheworkingmemory.Infact,whenyoutrytoprocesstheinformationlikespeechorvideo,youaregoingtoneedpartlythesamesystemofworkingmemory,soyouarereducingyourownworkingmemorycapacity.Andwhenyoutrytostoremanythingsinyourworkinginyourworkingmemory,yougetlessgoodatprocessinginformation.Itistheperiodsofdowntimeofyourbrain—preferablydisconnectedfromthedistractionsofyourcomputerorsmartphone—thatareneededformemoryconsolidationandtransferringimportantinformationtoyourexposuretonewinformation.Besides,youcanemptyyourmindofthoughtsquicklytorelaxcompletely,goforashortwalkorspendsfewminuteslisteningtomusic.Thiswillhelpyouimproveyourcapacitytoprocessinformationandincreaseyourproductivity.1、WhatcanwelearnabutsocialmediaoverloadfromParagraph1?A.Itdistractsouratention.B.Itisbeneficialtous.C.Itbringsuswhateverwewant.D.Itkeepsusinformedofeverything.2、Whydoesyourcapacityforprocessinginformationbeginfallsometimes?A.Muchoftheinformationisunimportant.B.Youdon’tmakethemostofyourbrain.C.You’relessgoodatprocessinginformation.D.Yourworkingmemoryisalimitedsource.3、Whatdoestheunderlineword“downtime”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Support.B.Relaxation.C.Increase.D.Loss.4、Whichisrecommendedtorelaxyourbrain?A.Listeningtomusicforawhile.B.Thinkingoverthingscarefully.C.Takingenoughphysicalexercise.D.Focusingmoreonthepresent.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AtthebeginningofChineseYearofthePig,avideocalledWhatisPeppaPigmadeapinkpigthe1.(hot)imageinChinaThevideofeaturesanelderlymanlivinginthecountryside2.(give)aNewYeargifttohisgrandsoninthecity,hewonderswhatPeppaPigisTheelderlymain,3.(eventual),makesaPeppaPigbyhimselfbasedonablowingmachineThevideo4.conveysthemessageoffamilyreunionandagrandfather’slovewon1,500millionclickswithin24hoursAndthepopularcartooncharacter,withitsroundbellyandbigears,haslongbeentaken5.asymbolforabundance,wealthandgoodluckinChinesecultureThepeppaalongsideherfamily6.(become)aglobalhitsincethecartoon’sreleasein7.Thechildren’sTVshowissopopularbecauseitisoneofthefewthatfamiliescanenjoytogetherwithoutadultsfeeling8.(bore)The9.(produce)madehisfortunethankstotheyoungpeppapig10.itcomestothesecretofsuccess,heexplainedthathetriedto11.(simple)theshowandensuredthepigletisunforgettable语篇语法填空Youngpeople1.(bear)in1995orlaterhaveanothernameinEnglish一GenerationZNowenteringadulthoodandsoontojointheworkforce,GenerationZgrewupinaspecialperiodoftimewhentechnologydevelopedfastandtheInternetbecame2.(universe)It3.(believe)thatGenerationZisthegenerationthatisgoingtoshapeourfuture,4.iswhypolicymakersaretrying5.(them)besttounderstandtheseyoungpeopleMostpeopleagreethatbiggestdifferencebetweenGenerationZandothergenerationsishowconnectedtheyareThisisagroupofpeoplewhohavebeenfamiliar6.socialmediaassoonastheycametotheworldItmaybetruethatGenerationZ-ershaveashorterattentionspan(持续时间)7.agoldfishdoes,butsincetheygrewupamongsocialchanges,theyaremoreactivein8.(political)GenerationZ-ersarealsoculturecreators9.(grow)upwiththeInternethasfreedthisgenerationfromtraditionalculturalexpressionTheseyoungpeoplearenot10.(will)tolettheircreativitybelimitedbytheirparentsortraditionalrulesSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Whenyouaredealingwithastressfulsituationorgoingthroughahardtime,peopleinyourlifecanhelpyou.Whensomeonewhocaresknowswhatyou’regoingthrough,ithelpsyoufeelunderstoodandnotsoalone.1、Problemsseemsmallerwhenyoutalkaboutthemwiththerightperson.Youcandobetterandfindoutsolutionsmoreeasilywhenyoushareyourproblems.Therearelotsofdifferentwaystogetandgivehelp.2、Othertimesyouneedadviceonthings.Helpcanbeveryeasy,likeahomeworkproject.Oritcangoonforawhile,liketeachingtobringupafailinggradeoradvisingtogetthroughadifficultsituation.It’slikelyyouremembertimessomeonehelpedyou.Friendshelpedyougetthroughsadnessordealwithdisappointment.3、Teachersmighthaveguidedyouthroughthecollegeapplicationprocess.4、Youmightgiveahandtoyourclassmatewhometdifficulty.Friends,parents,teachersandotheradultscanbegreatresourceswhenyouneedhelp.5、Doctorscanofferspecializedhelpforahealthproblem.Accountantscanbeconsultedaboutthetaxlaws.A.Havingarightpersonmeansalot.B.Difficultiesareeverywhereinyourlife.C.Parentstaughtyoutostopabadhabit.D.Sometimesyoujustwanttohearanencouragingword.E.Youneedtolearntogivehelpintherightway.F.Andyoucanalsoremembertimeswhenyouhelpedothers.G.Therearealsotimeswhenyouneedtheextrahelpthataprofessionalcanprovidebest.HowtoEnjoyLifeAsaTeenThe"bestyearsofyourlife"?Maybenot,butyoucanlearntomakethemostofyourhighschooldays.Learn

to

appreciate

small

things.Whether

it's

having

a

computer,having

friends,having

a

good

supply

of

food,a

bedtosleep

on,family

that

loves

you,having

adecent

education

orsimply

being

born

in

this

world,valueit.1、Behappy,and

life

will

reward

you.Remember

that

these

are

the

last

few

years

you

will

be

able

to

enjoyyourselfwithouthavingtoworry

about

the

responsibility

of

an

adult,but

make

sure

you

prepare

yourself

for

whenyoudo

becomeone.Whenyou

actually

become

an

adult,you'll

learn

to

love

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