考研《英语一》河南省三门峡市卢氏县2023年押题密卷含解析

考研《英语一》河南省三门峡市卢氏县2023年押题密卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Onedoctorisbeingrecognizedasthebestdoctor.Heevertookthetimeto1ayoungpatient'sbrokentoy.Thelittleboy,Ryan,hasseveralhealth2.The9-year-oldhashadeightoperationsinhislife,sowhenhewenttoChildren'sHospitalfor3inearlyNovember,hebroughtalonghisfavoritetoyfor4.Hisdoctor,Groth,noticedtheone-eyedtoywasalittleshabbyanddecidedto5bysewingitbackup,justlikehe6Ryan.“Youmightthinkthisishisfourthorfifthone,”Grothsaid.“Heisextremely7thistoy.”WhenRyanwokeupfromhisoperationtofindhis8recoveringbyhisside,hewasvery9."Withthislittleguy,Ithinkitmadeabig10,"Grothsaid.“Froma11aspectithelpsalotandit12him.”The44-year-olddoctorhasseenmanykidscomeinwith13toysandhasmadeita14tosewthemupwheneverhecan.Thiswasthefirsttime,15,thatsomeonecaughthimintheact.Hedidn'tknowthe16wasbeingtaken,butsinceitwas17tothewebsite,it'sbeenlikedover13000times,18theattentionoflocalandnationalmedia.Thedoctorhasaprettygoodtheoryaboutwhyhissmall19hasgottensomuchattentiononline.“Peoplejust20toseesympathyforothers.Itresonates（引起共鸣）.”Thatitdoesdoctor,thatitdoes.1、A．putawayB．sewupC．playwithD．washup2、A．careB．educationC．problemsD．benefits3、A．operationB．adviceC．trainingD．complaint4、A．treatmentB．repairC．donationD．comfort5、A．operateB．helpC．exchangeD．foster6、A．worriedaboutB．calledforC．didwithD．pickedup7、A．attachedB．devotedC．limitedD．attracted8、A．injuryB．parentsC．doctorD．toy9、A．painfulB．excitedC．energeticD．pessimistic10、A．effortB．smileC．differenceD．noise11、A．commercialB．moralC．financeD．recovery12、A．relaxesB．approachesC．servesD．reminds13、A．carefully-chosenB．well-wornC．newly-designedD．brand-new14、A．careerB．viewC．homeD．practice15、A．thereforeB．besidesC．howeverD．instead16、A．photoB．toyC．measureD．seat17、A．deliveredB．postedC．appliedD．fastened18、A．requiringB．switchingC．avoidingD．catching19、A．changeB．progressC．gestureD．misfortune20、A．likeB．failC．tryD．manageSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Tinymicrobes(微生物)areattheheartofanewagriculturaltechniquetomanageharmfulgreenhousegas.Scientistshavediscoveredhowmicrobescanbeusedtoturncarbondioxideintosoil-enrichinglimestone(石灰石),withthehelpofatypeoftreethatgrowsintropicalareas,suchasWestAfrica.ResearchershavefoundthatwhentheIrokotreeisgrownindry,acidicsoilandtreatedwithacombinationofnaturalfungi(霉菌)andotherbacteria,notonlydoesthetreegrowwell,italsoproducestheminerallimestoneinthesoilarounditsroot.TheIrokotreemakesamineralbycombiningCafromtheearthwithCO2fromtheatmosphere.Thebacteriathencreatetheconditionsunderwhichthismineralturnsintolimestone.Thediscoveryoffersanewwaytolockcarbonintothesoil,keepingitoutoftheatmosphere.Inadditiontostoringcarboninthetrees’leavesandintheformoflimestone,themineralinthesoilmakesitmoresuitableforagriculture.Thediscoverycouldleadtoreforestation(重新造林)projectsintropicalcountries,andhelpreducecarbondioxideintheatmosphereinthedevelopingworld.IthasalreadybeenusedinWestAfricaandisbeingtestedinBolivia,HaitiandIndia.Thefindingsweremadeinathree-yearprojectinvolvingresearchersfromtheUniversitiesofEdinburgh,Granada,LausanneandDelftUniversityofTechnology.TheprojectexaminedseveralmicrobiologicalmethodsoflockingCO2aslimestone,andtheIroko-bacteriawayshowedbestresults.WorkwasfundedbytheEuropeanCommissionundertheFuture&EmergingTechnologies(FET)scheme.DrBryneNgwenyaoftheUniversityofEdinburgh’sSchoolofGeoSciences,wholedtheresearch,said:“Bytakingadvantageofthisnaturallimestone-producingprocess,wehavealow-tech,safe,readilyemployedandeasilyoperatingwaytolockcarbonoutoftheatmosphere,whileimprovingfarmingconditionsintropicalcountries.”1、Thepassageismainlyintroducing________.A．someusefulnaturalfungiandbacteriaB．anewwaytodealwithgreenhousegasC．anewly-foundtreeinWestAfricaD．thesoil-enrichinglimestonecreatedbyscientists2、WhichofthefollowingisTrueabouttinymicrobes?A．Mosttinymicrobeslikelivingindry,acidicsoil.B．CO2canbebrokendownbynaturalfungiandbacteria.C．Themoregreenhousegasis,themoreactivetinymicrobesbecome.D．TinymicrobesgetalongwellwiththeIrokotreeinspecialsoil.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3probablyreferto?A．Carbondioxide.B．Carbon.C．Soil.D．Limestone.4、Accordingtothepassage,whatcanweinfer?A．Theactionofthetinymicrobescanincreasetheoxygenintheearth.B．ResearchershavedonetheexperimentontreesinAfricaforthreeyears.C．Researcherstendtousenaturalpowertosolvetheirproblem.D．WestAfricaisoneofthemostpollutedareasallovertheworld.5、Accordingtothepassage,theIroko-bacteriamethod________.A．canbeusedtoimprovethefarminglandB．cansavealotofseriouslydestroyedwoodsC．hasbeenpopularizedinBolivia,HaitiandIndiaD．shouldbespreadallaroundtheworldinthefutureText2JoannaCole,bornonAugust11,1944inNewark,NewJersey,hasbeencreditedtobeoneofthemostpopularchildren’sauthorsofalltime.Shehaswrittenover250booksandisfamousforwritingoneofthemostpopularchildren'sbookseries.Sheknewasearlyas5thgradethatshewasinterestedinwritingandscience.Colehasowedalargepartofherpassiontooneofherelementaryschoolteachers.JoannaColecontinuedhereducationbyattendingtheUniversityofMassachusettsandIndiana.Shewouldeventuallyearnabachelor’sdegreeinpsychologyfromtheCityCollegeofNewYorkin1967;aftergraduationColedecidedtotakesomeeducationcoursestobecomealibrarianataBrooklynelementaryschoolin1967.Eventually,shewouldtakejobsworkingforNewsweek,Seesawbookclub.Cole’spassionforwritingandsciencewasstillaliveandwellduringthistime.In197lshedecidedtowriteherfirstbook,Cockroaches.Shedidsomeresearchanddiscoveredtherehadneverbeenabookwrittenforchildrenaboutcockroaches.Soshethoughtshewouldbethefirst.ColestruckgoldwhenshewrotethefirstMagicSchoolBusin1985.Thebookwouldgoontobepublishedthefollowingyearandquicklybecamebookseriesandcartoonseriesduetoitssuccess.Colecontinuedtowritebothnon-fictionandfictionbooksforchildren.Shewritesinawaythatwillhopefullyinspirechildrentothinklikeascientist.Shedoesthisbywritingideasinsteadofjustfacts.Shealsotriestoaskquestionsinherbooksthatrequirechildrentothinkanddiscovertheanswersastheyread.Thiscreatesanengagingexperienceforchildren,soitisnowonderwhyyoungerreadersarehookedonherbooks.1、WhenJoannaColewasyoung,she________.A．wasverypopularwithchildrenB．gotinspiredbyoneofherteachersC．beganhercareerofwritingnovelsD．knewwhatshewoulddointhefuture2、Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseprobablymean?A．Madeafortune.B．Madeapromise.C．Gotideas.D．Obtainedhelp.3、WhatdoweknowaboutJoannaCole?A．SheisthemostfamouswomanwriterinAmerica.B．Shewritesnovelsnotonlyforkidsbutforadults.C．Sheisanexpertatgettingscienceacrosstoreaders.D．Shehasmadegreatcontributionstoscience.4、WhatkindofpersonisColeinthepassage?A．Positiveandbrave.B．Popularandreliable.C．Seriousandhonest.D．Talentedandcreative.Text3Citiesarelikelytobeaffectedbyoverheating,thankstosomethingcalledtheurbanheatislandeffect.Citiestendtobeshortoftrees,whichprovideshade,andtheyarecoveredwithblackpavement,whichabsorbsheatfromthesun.Thinkofhowitfeelstowearadarkshirtversusawhiteshirtonasunnyday.Ablackshirtabsorbslight,heatingyouup.Butawhiteshirtreflectslight,keepingyoucool.Theaveragetemperatureinacityofamillionormorepeoplecanbemorethan5degreesFhotterthansurroundingareas.Thatextra5degreescanturnahotdayfromuncomfortabletodeadly.Astemperaturesrise,citieswillbeanespeciallydangerousplacetobeduringaheatwave.Toprotectpublichealth,cityofficialsaregoingtomakethecitycooler.Aspartofthateffort,LosAngelesiscoatingitsroadsinCoolSeal,agraypaintthatkeepsstreetsandparkinglots10degreescoolerthanblackasphalt（沥青）.ItwillhelpAngelinossavemoneyduringthesummer,whenairconditioningsendspowerbillssoaring（猛增）.Anditwillsavelivesbyloweringtemperaturesandimprovingairquality.Hotweatherworsensairpollutionbyturningcarexhaustintosmog,whichcanmakelifemiserableforpeoplewithasthma（哮喘）andotherbreathingproblems.Ofcourse,LAwillhavetodomorethanpaintoverafewstreetstocooloffthecity.Angelinoswillalsoneedtoplantmoretreesandapplywhitepainttorooftops—atleastthosenotalreadycoveredinsolarpanels.WhileLAisapioneerofreflectivestreets,othercities,likeNewYork,arealreadyexperimentingwithreflectiveroofsor,likeMelbourne,loweringthetemperaturebyplantingtrees.LAishardlyaloneinitsefforttostaycool.“Thisisanurgentchallenge,andit'smuchbiggerthanoneperson,”saidMayorGarcettiinarecentstatement.“ClimatechangeisafactoflifethatpeopleinLosAngelesandcitiesaroundtheworldlivewitheveryday.”1、Theurbanheatislandeffectresultsfrom________.A．plantingmoretreesinthestreetsB．furnishingeveryhousewithairconditionersC．applyingreflectivepainttorooftopsD．coveringthestreetswithwhitepaint2、Whatshouldthecityofficialsemphasizeduringhotsummer?A．Whentocoattheroadswithblackpaint.B．Wheretowearawhiteshirt.C．Howtocoolthecity.D．Whentocutofftheelectricitysupply.3、WhatbenefitcanpeoplegainfromtheuseofCoolSeal?A．Makinglifeeasierandmorecomfortable.B．Promotingthesaleofairconditioners.C．Increasingtheindooractivities.D．Reducingthenumberofcolddays.4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．L.A．adoptedmanyapproachestofightagainsttheheat.B．L.A．ispaintingitsstreetswhitetokeepthecitycool.C．L.A．hasbeguntoplanttreesinthestreets.D．L.A．callsonpeopletofightagainstglobalwarming.Text4ToddlerWorldNurserywasdelightedtoemployatrainee---twenty-two-oldJonathanBrown—astheirfirstmalenurseryschoolteacher.Hewasalsotheonlymanwhoappliedforthejob,but,insistsMargeryBowman,headteacherofToddlerWorld,byfarthebestapplicant.“Bothboysandgirlswillbenefitfromtheexperienceofhavingamalerolemodelinthenursery.”Saysmotheroftwo,Margery.Jonathanhasalwaysbeeninterestedinchildcare.Hisownmotherisachildminderandhisfatherisateacher.“I’vealwayshelpedMumwithlookingafterallthechildren.”hesays.“I’musedtochangingnappies,feedingbabies,readingstoriesandplayingwithLego.”ButJonathanisararemaleinafemaleworld.Only2%ofnurseryteachersaremenandthishasn’tchangedfortenyears.RogerOlsenoftheNationalNurseryTrustsaid,“Menareoftenviewedwithanxietyandsuspicion(怀疑)inachildren’senvironment.Ortheyareexpectedtodothingsthewaywomenwoulddothem.Butmenbringdifferentthingsintochildcareandthishastoberecoginsed.”Jonathanagrees.Heisaqualifiedunder-7sfootballcoach,andplantstointroducefootballlessonstothenurseryforboysandgirls.WhatdoJonathan’sfriendsthinkofhischoiceofcareer?“Actually,mostofthemareprettycoolaboutitnow.”hesays,“thoughtheydomakejokesaboutnappies.AndI’vefoundthatgirlsareactuallyquiteimpressed–sothat’sgood!”1、WhywasJonathanemployedbyToddlerWorldNursery?A．Hewasthebestamongalltheapplicants.B．Hewastheonlymanwhoappliedforthejob.C．Hewouldbeabletoteachkidstoplayfootball.D．Hewoulddothingsthewaywomenwoulddothem.2、Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“childminder”(Para.2)?A．Instructor.B．Superior.C．Baby-sitter.D．Coach.3、WhatdidRogerOlsensayaboutthejobofchildcare?A．Ithasbeenwomen-specific.B．Itrequirespeople’sunderstanding.C．Ittakestimetomakesomechanges.D．ItneedsmenteacherstobringsomethingdifferentPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)TheBritishMuseum,1．(locate)intheBloomsburyareaofLondon,isthefirstnationalpublicmuseumdedicatedtohumanhistory,artandcultureItspermanentcollectionnumberssome8millionworks,making2．oneofthelargestinexistenceIthasbeen3．(wide)sourced,anddocumentingthestoryofhumanculture4．itsbeginningstothepresentAswithallothernationalmuseumsin5．UnitedKingdom,itchargesnoadmissionfeeItsownershipofsomeofitsmostfamousobjects6．originallycamefromothercountriesiscontroversial,particularlyinthecaseoftheParthenonMarblesTodaythemuseumnolongerhouses7．(collection)ofnaturalhistory,andthebooksandmanuscripts(手稿)onceit8．(hold)nowformpartoftheindependentBritishLibrary,9．itstillkeepsitsuniversalityincollectionsofartificialworks10．(represent)theculturesoftheworld,ancientandmodernDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankWildlifeSecretsofNigeria’sLastWildernessResearchersfromChesterZoo,workingwiththeNigeriaNationalParkService,surveyedover1,000squarekilometresofthenationalparkKnown1．itsmountainrainforestsandrollinggrasslands,itishometosomeofWestAfrica’smostthreatenedanimalsThecameras2．(spot)someanimalsthathaveneverbeenrecordedbeforeintheareaandothers,likechimps(黑猩猩),3．arerarelyseenStuartNixon,theAfricaFieldProgrammeCo-ordinatoratChesterZoo,saidconfirmationofthelocationsofchimpswasanimportantdiscovery“Gashaka’sbeenregardedformanyyearsas4．(have)thebiggestpopulationofthisNigeria-Cameroonchimp,”hesaid“Weconsideritthemostimportantpopulation—that’sreally5．weneedtocountitandseewhatthestatusofthechimpisrightnow—thatwilleventuallyaffectwhatweknowaboutthissubspecieselsewhere”Thechimp6．(endanger)acrossitsrangeinCameroonandNigeriaItstotalpopulationisdowntofewerthan9,000individuals,ofwhichabout1,000arethought7．(live)withinthebordersofthenationalpark“It’sanamazingtooltousethesecameratrapsandtorevealthatthispark—whichisa8．(forget)wilderness,really,forNigeria—stillhasareallyimportantstoreofimportantspeciesforNigeriaandAfricaingeneral,”saidStuartNixonChesterZooisfundingguardsfortherangersandprovidingtraininginwildlifemonitoringandprotection“Thisworkishelpinguslearnmoreaboutthesecretsofoneofourlastwildernessareasandwemustcontinuetoworktogethertoensure9．survivalforfuturegenerations,”saidStuartNixon,“10．allthisbeautywerelost,itwouldbeaterribletragedyforall”SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)TheEnglishlanguagehasmanywaystotalkaboutsomethingthatisfunny.1、Itisabasichumanneed.Physicalhumour,especially,cancrosslimitslikenationalityandlanguageandbringpeopletogetherfromalldifferentwalksoflife.Humourcomesinmanyforms.Themostobviousandtraditionalwayweusehumourisinjokes.2、Thisiswhenapersonchangesawordorusesitinadifferentcontext(上下文)forcomiceffect.Anotherwaypeoplecanusehumouristhroughtellingafunnystory.Perhapssomethingbadhappenedtothepersonbuttheycanlaughaboutitnow.Peoplealsoinventfunnystoriesinordertomakepeoplelaugh.Theadvantageofthisisthatthecharactersaren’treal.3、Physicalcomedyusuallydividesopinions.Forsome,seeingsomeonefalldown,whetheritisplannedornot,isoneofthefunniestthingstheycansee.4、Sometypesofhumourcanalsobeharmfulifsomeoneisnotinthemoodforbeingmadefunof！People’ssensesofhumourvaryacrosstheworld,sowhatmaybefunnyinyourcountrymightbeincrediblyharmfulinanother!5、TheBritish,forinstance,arefamousfortheirhumourinEnglish.However,peoplelearningaforeignlanguagefacemuchdifficultywhenitcomestobeingfunnyinasecondlanguage.A．Humourisjustoneoftheways.B．Everyoneneedstolaughonceinawhile.C．Otherformsofhumourarewordplayandpuns(双关语).D．Therefore,youdon’thavetofeelbadforlaughingatthem!E.Peopleofallagesandcultureshaveastrongsenseofhumour.F.Mostpeopleknowhowtousesomeformofhumourintheirnativelanguages.G.Forothers,findingphysicalhumourandnon-