2022-2023学年甘肃省庆阳市高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版）

2022-2023学年甘肃省庆阳市高一（上）期末英语试卷

题号一二三四五总分

得分

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用

橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷（选择题）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

WeareexcitedtoannouncethatBrandonHobson-authorofWheretheDeadSitTalking,aNationalBook

AwardFinalist-willjudgeour2023AmericanShort（er）FictionPrize.GeneralGuidelines

Storiesmustbe1,000wordsorfewer.Youareallowedtoincludeuptothreestoriesperentry.PIease

submit（提交）allstoriesinonedocument.Eachstorymustbeginonanewpageandbeclearlytitled.For

thetitleofyoursubmission,listthestorytitles,separatedbyacomma.

Thefirst-placewinnerwillreceivea$1,000prizeandpublication（出版）inafutureissueofAmerican

ShortFiction（ASF）.Allentrieswillbeconsideredforpublication.Pleasesubmityour$17entryfeeand

yourworkthroughSubmittable.Wenolongeracceptsubmissionsbypost.

Youmaysubmitmultipleentries.Weacceptonlypreviouslyunpublishedworks.

SubmityourentryonlinebetweenNovember24,2022-February1,2023.

Conflicts（冲突）ofInterest

StaffandvolunteerscurrentlyworkingwithASFarenotfitforconsiderationorpublication.Additionally,

students,formerstudents,andcolleaguesofthejudge'sarenotadmittedtoparticipate（参力口）.Weask

thatpreviouswinnerswaitthreeyearsaftertheirwinningentryispublishedbeforeenteringagain.

Aboutwriting,Hobsonhassaid,TmalwaysmoreinterestedinlanguagethanIamcertainlyinplot.Most

ofuswhowriteliteraryfictionareinterestedinexperimentinginmorewaysthanjustlookingatit,

especiallyatraditionalstorylineorplotthatwealllearnedinschool.MWiththosewordsofencouragement

andwisdom,goodluckJWecan'twaitforyoursubmissions!

1.Howmanystoriescanaparticipantsubmitatmost?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

2.Whatmaythefirst-placeprizewinnerget?

A.A$1,000prize.

B.Areturnof$17entryfee.

C.MeetingwithBrandonHobson.

D.PublicationinapastissueofASF.

3.Whichofthefollowingmaybequalifiedtoparticipate?

A.VolunteersofASF.B.Anewfictionwriter.

C.Prizewinnerslastyear.D.Studentsofthejudge's.

B

Muchofourthinkingabouthealthisbasedonwishfulthinking.Butscienceprovidesclearandsimple

adviceforahealthylife.GrahamLawtonexplorestheevidence.Grahamprovesthatyoudon*thavetobea

healthandfitnessextremisttobereasonablyhealthy.Hehasroundedupthelatestandstrictesthealth

researchandchangeditintousefuladviceonallthebighealthquestions：diet,weightloss,exercise,

sleep,ageingandsoon.

Graham,NewScientistfeaturewriter,isnotthecommonhealthexpert.Hesometimeseatsfastfood.He

hasagymmembershipbutrarelyusesit.Andhetakesmedicinetokeephisbloodpressureunder

control.Heneitherhasadietplannora6-weekprogramtokeepfitandthin.

Buthedoeshaveamuchbetterweapon：science.Inatalk,Grahamexplainsthebasicscience,tellspeople

someofthesecretsofscience,teachespeopletousetheabilityofjudgementtotellthegoodfromthebad,

andhelpsthemtoseebeyondtheheadlines.Thetalkallowspeopletoeathealthily,loseweight,andsort

thetruthoutfromsciencefacts.

Buthelovesoutdoorsports.LastyearGrahamcycledover1,200milesandranthesamedistanceof15

marathons.Heoftengoesswimmingoutdoors,walksupeightflightsofstairstohisdeskinsteadoftaking

thelift.Heeatshisfivecopiesoffruitandvegetablesaday,keepsenoughwaterinhisbody,anddoesn't

eatmuchmeat.Despiteallthebadhabits,hisgoodonesseemtobewinning.Grahamis50,buthis

"biologicalage"wasrecentlymeasuredas45.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutGraham?

A.Hehassomebadhabits.

B.Hehasanextremelystrictdiet.

C.Helooksdownoncommonhealthexperts.

D.Healwaysbaseshealthonwishfulthinking.

5.WhatdoesGraham'stalkinparagraph3cover?

A.Wordsasweapons.B.Healthandscience.

C.Functionsofmedicine.D.Abilityandconfidence.

6.WhatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellusconcerningGraham?

A.Hisindoorsportsofhislife.B.Hiscopiesofhealthbooks.

C.Hishealthylifestyle.D.Hiswayofthinking.

7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheProfessionalWaystoDoSports

B.TheImportanceofExerciseforHealth

C.TheUniquePathtoScientificSuccess

D.TheSecretsofLivingaHealthyLife

c

Africancountrieshavesomehistoricheritage,whichdirectlyreflects（反映）theimportantdevelopment

ofhumansociety,fromEuropeancountries.Recently,Germanysignedadealforthereturnofhundreds

ofvaluableartworksfromtheKingdomofDahomeyinthe19thcentury,inwhatistodayBenin.

Butmanyartifacts（手工艺品）arestillunluckilymissingandsomeareontheirwayback.Onesuchobject

isaneight-leggedseatfromtheoldkingdominUganda.Theimportantarti-factnowsitsatamuseum

thousandsofkilometersawayinBritain.ThewoodenseatishousedattheUniversityofOxford.ltisoneof

atleast279objectstheretakenfromtheBunyoro-KitaraKingdom.

ApolloJohnRwamparoisadeputyprimeministerofUganda.Hereallyvaluesthecountry'scultural

heritage.HerequestedtheBritishtoreturntheartifacts.Ugandaofficialsarepreparingtomeetwiththe

UniversityofCambridgeinBritainaboutthereturnofsuchhistoricalartifacts.Theschoolhasanunknown

numberofartifactsfromAfrica.Throughmanyefforts,anartifactwasrecentlytoitshome.

TheBritishMuseumholdsalargecollectionofartifactsfromAfrica.RoseMwanjasaidUganda's

commissionhadbeentryinghardonitandbelieveditcouldhavesomegoodeffects.SheisUganda's

commissionerformuseums.Sheaddedshecouldstartwiththosethataremorewillingtocooperate.

ManyoftheartifactsfromAfricacannotevenbefound.Thatledtoanorganizationstar-tedbylate

CongoleseartcollectorSindikaDokolo.TheorganizationofferstobuyAfricanartfromcollectionsin

foreigncountries.By2020,whenDokolodied,hisgrouphadsuccessfullyrecovered15items.However,

forAfricangovernments,therecoveryofartifactsremainsastruggleandwilltakemuchtime.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"retrieved"inparagraph1mean?

A.Reduced.B.Takenback.C.Givenup.D.Recommended.

9.Whereistheartifactoftheeight-leggedseatatpresent?

A.InBenin.B.InUganda.C.InGermany.D.InBritain.

10.WhatisUgandaofficials*attitudetotheircountry'sculturalheritage?

A.Curious.B.Concerned.C.Uncaring.D.Confused.

11.Whichwordbestdescribestherecoveryofartifacts?

A.Frightening.B.Doubtful.C.Effortless.D.Challenging.

D

Onemillionspeciesfaceextinction,morethaneverbeforeinhumanhistory,accordingtoaUNreport

releasedinMay.Andhumansshouldberesponsible.

TheIntergovernmentalPlatformonBiodiversityandEcosystemServices（IPBES）basedtheassessment

（评估）onsome15，000sourcesconsideringthecausesandresultsofenviron-mentalchangesoverthe

past50years.

Thefindingsareclearandalarming.Theresearchershavefoundthatabout25percentoftheworld'splants

andanimalsareatriskofextinction.Theseincludeseaandlandanimals.Eventhedomesticated（即l|养的）

animalsareatrisk：Over9percentofthedomesticatedani-malspeciesusedforfoodandagriculture

mighthavebeenlost.

Therearesomebigproblems.Thisrapiddecreaseofthenaturalworldendangersglobalfoodsafetyand

qualityoflife.Forexample,about4billionpeoplerelyonnaturalmedicines,producedbythedisappearing

species,fortheirhealthcare.Andlossesofspeciesthatpollinate（授粉）plantsthreatenupto$577billion

incropseachyear.

Theresearchersidentifiedfivedriversresponsiblefortheunpleasantnews.Theythinkatthetopofthelist

isthechangeoflandandseause.Thechangeinecosystemstowardsagriculture,aquacultureandother

humandevelopmentshasledtochangesinthenaturallivingspaceofspecies.ltisfollowedbythedirect

overuseofcreatures(harvestingcrops,cuttingdownthetrees,huntingandfishing)andclimatechange,

includingrisingsealevelsandincreasingextreme-weatherevents,wildfires,floodsanddroughts.The

finalcausesofspeciesextinctionarepollution,especiallyplastics,andthespreadofnon-nativespecies

thatcandisplaceorkillnativeplantsandanimals.

Theresearcherssayitistimeforhumanstomakeachange.Theythinkmaybeanewglobalwaytosave

foodandrefusewasteinourlifecouldturnthetables.Whetherthatispossibleisanopenquestion.

12.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.

B.Tointroducethescheduleofthereport.

C.Tointroducehumans'senseofresponsibility.

D.Tointroducethehistoryofhumandevelopment.

13.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyshow?

A.Thereliabilityofthefindings.

B.Thespeciesofanimalsworldwide.

C.Theseriousnessofspecies'reduction.

D.Theriskyexperiencesoftheresearchers.

14.Whatisthebiggestthreatofspecies*survivalaccordingtotheresearchers?

A.Climatechange.B.Naturaldisasters.

C.Changesoftheirlivingspace.D.Thedirectoveruseofcreatures.

15.Whataretheresearchersinfavorof?

A.Changingourlivinghabits.

B.Spreadingnon-nativespecies.

C.Limitingnativeplantsandanimals.

D.Stoppingdiscussingthefoodproblem.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12・5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Toprepareforanexam,asastudentyouhavetostartearly.ltiseasierwhenitcomestogettingserious

aboutpreparingforanexam.

Astohowtogoaboutit,thefirstthingyouneedisaplan.(1).Thatisthefirstdaytostartstudyingfor

real.Planouthowmanyhoursyouwillspendeachdaystudyinguntiltheexam.Makeascheduleandstick

toit.

(2).Thishelpstodevelopabig-pictureoverviewofthematerial.Startwithbigtopicsandleaveroomfor

subtopics.Fillintheinformationasbestasyoucan.Onceyouseealltheunitsofinformationinfrontofyou,

itwillbeeasiertoorganizeyourstudying.

Tofindoutifyouunderstandwhatyouhavebeenstudying,tryworkingwithsomeoneelsewhowillask

youquestionsaboutthematerial.Ifyoucananswerandexplainwithouttoomucheffortthenyouare

prepared.⑶.

Onthenightbeforetheexam,makesureyougeteighthoursofsleep.Onthemorningoftheexam,wake

upaboutthirtyminutesearliersothatyoucandoaquickrefresherofsomeofthemainpointsfromyour

examreview.Theselastthirtyminuteskeeptheinformationfreshinyourmindwithoutwearingyouout.

(4).Youneedtobehealthyandcarefultodoyourexamwell.Makesureyouarriveearlysothatyouarenot

rushingaroundrightbeforetheexamstarts.

Byfollowingtheseguidelines,youarebetterpreparedforanexam.Youwillfeelmoreconfidentandin

control.(5),youaremorelikelytodobetterintheexam.

A.Whenyoufeelassuch

B.Whenyouareusedtotests

C.Youhavestudiedforawholeterm

D.Eatafullbreakfastofhealthyfood

E.Startwiththedayoneweekbeforetheexam

F.Thesecondthingistooutlinethematerialyouneedtostudy

G.Usually,doingthiswillshowareasthatrequiremoreattentionandstudy

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Kidsareoftenstressedandscaredwhentheybreakabone,butLuisRuizmakesgettingacast(打石膏)

funatChildren'sHospitalLosAngeles.Thedoctorcustomizes(定制)castsofyoung(21)withdrawings

oftheirfavoritecartooncharacters,sportsteams,andmore.

Abouttenyearsago,alittleboyaskedRuizto(22)ahappyfaceonhiscast.Hetoldthe(23),"Youknow

what,I'mreallynotgoodatdrawing.Fdrathernot.Imight(24)itup."Theboy(25)toinsistonasmiley

face,soRuizagreed(26).Thelittleboywas(27)withtheresults.

"Itlithimup!”Ruizremembers.Thatmomentofjoy(28)Ruiztooffercastdrawingstoallthekidswho

cameintothehospitalwith(29)bones."Iwasnotverygood,“Ruizsays."Butastime(30),littlebylittle,

Igotbetterandbetter,toa(31)wherenowIcanalmostdoanythingtheyaskfor.H

Sincethatfirst(32)face,Ruizhaspaintedthousandsofcasts,andthebest(33),hesays,is"bringing

thosesmiles".

"Thekidsjust(34)mejoy,"Ruizadds."I'mkindofafunguyandalittlekidmyselfinside,andIlike

havingfunandmaking(35)smile,andtheymakemesmile.n

21.A.patientsB.ladiesC.adultsD.partners

22.A.reviseB.makeC.drawD.cancel

23.A.nurseB.boyC.reporterD.doctor

24.A.setB.mixC.cleanD.mess

25.A.preferredB.attemptedC.continuedD.recommended

26.A.finallyB.personallyC.confidentlyD.curiously

27.A.disappointedB.preparedC.pleasedD.tired

28.A.advisedB.inspiredC.enabledD.allowed

29.A.brokenB.strongC.extraD.bad

30.A.camealongB.gotonC.letoffD.wentby

31.A.sightB.distanceC.baseD.point

32.A.uglyB.smileyC.lonelyD.smelly

33.A.viewB.factC.partD.comment

34.A.bringB.wishC.lendD.mail

35.A.hostsB.kidsC.parentsD.myself

第II卷（非选择题）

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Haveyouheardofcommunityfridges?Thesearespaces(1)localscansharefoodwithoneanother

andsavefreshfood(2)goingtowaste.TheCommunityFridgeNetwork(3)(connect)300

communityfridgesacrosstheUK.Itoffersguidancetopeople⑷(look)tosetuptheirownfridges,

andsupporttogroupsrunningfridges.Thefridgesareopentoeveryone.Ofcourse,therearesome

rulesforwhatcanandcannot(5)(share)inordertokeepthingssafe.Butotherwise,you're

welcome(6)(take)whatyouneed,andleaveanythingthatmightotherwiseendupinthewaste

bin.

Accordingto(7)surveybytheFoodFoundation,inApril2022,15.5percentofUKhouseholdswere

foodinsecure,meaningthattheyate⑻(little)thannormalorwentadaywithoutfoodbecause

theycouldnotaccess(9)affordfood.

Thebenefitofcommunityfridgeshasneverbeenclearer.Indifficulttimes,withprettymuchallcosts

increasinggreatly,itisreassuringtoknowthat(10)(community)arecomingtogetherandhelping

eachotherasmuchastheycan.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

⑸

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

37.假定你是李华，随着春节的临近，你的交换生同学Bob想了解一下你们当地是如何欢度

春

节的。请你给他发一封电子邮件，内容包括：

(1)介绍当地欢度春节的方式；

(2)邀请他来你家做客。

注意：

(1)写作词数应为80左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearBob,

Howiseverythinggoing?

Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.

Yours,

LiHua

38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

HillaryHarrislivedwithherhusbandanddaughterinEauClaire,Wisconsin.However,shewas

thinkingofmoving.Notbecauseshedidn'tlikethehouseortheneighborhood,butbecauseofthe

housenextdoor.Firstofall,shehatedthatherfamilyhadtosharethedrivewaywiththeneighbors,

whileshealsodislikedthefactthattenants(租户)cameandwenttothathouseallthetime.Andwhen

acoupleintheir50smovednextdoor,itwasn'tanydifferent.Hillaryfeltthatshehadhadenough，

soshedidn'teventrytobewarmtowardsthem.

"Herewegoagain,"shethought."Nowwhat?"Assheadmitted,shewasUturnedoffbythe

womannextdoorandthattheywerecoldtoeachother.

"Shewouldnotacceptmeanyhow,"DawnJohnson,thenewneighborrecalled.nIwouldcometo

getmymail,shutitandwatchherwalkintothehouse."Buteverythingwasabouttochangeinan

unbelievableway.

Hillaryknewshehadbeenadopted（收养）whenshewasababy,aswellassheknewshehadseveral

halfsiblings（兄弟姐妹）.Infact,shehadalreadymanagedtoreunitewiththreeofthemthroughthe

Internet.Buttherewasstillonehalf-siblingthatshecouldn'ttrackdown.Allsheknewwasthather

namewasDawnJohnson.Shehadfoundthreeotherhalf-siblingsontheInternet,butshewashaving

noluckwithDawn.Shewasbeginningtothinkthatshe'dneverfindher.

Whensherealizedhernewneighbor'snamewasDawn,shekindofhadafeelingthatshejustmight

behersister.Shelearnedthatthewoman'sfirstnamewasDawnandthatshewasfrom

Greenwood-thesametownwhereDawnJohnsonhadlivedaccordingtowhatshehadlearnedfrom

herfather,WayneClouse.Shetoldherhusband,"HernameisDawn-whatifshe'smysister?”They

bothlaughedandsaid,"Noway!Nowaycouldthatbe.H

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

However,shecouldn*thelpthinkingaboutit.

So,whenJohnsonwentoutoftown,Hillarytextedher,askingaboutherfather'sname.

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、A、B

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据GeneralGuidelines部分第一段中的Storiesmustbe1,000wordsor

fewer.Youareallowedtoincludeuptothreestoriesperentry.（故事必须不超过1,000字。每为入围

者最多可以包含三个故事。）可知，参赛作品最多3篇故事。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据GeneralGuidelines部分第二段中的Thefirst-placewinnerwillreceivea$1,

000prizeandpublication（出版）inafutureissueofAmericanShortFiction（ASF）.（第一名的获

奖者将获得1,000美元的奖金，并在下一期的美国短篇小说（ASF）上发表。）可知，第一名获

得者获得1000美元的奖金，并将在下期《美国短篇小说》杂志上发表。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的StaffandvolunteerscurrentlyworkingwithASFarenotfitfor

considerationorpublication.Additionally,students,formerstudents,andcolleaguesofthejudge'sarenot

admittedtoparticipate（参力口）.Weaskthatpreviouswinnerswaitthreeyearsaftertheirwinningentryis

publishedbeforeenteringagain.（目前与ASF合作的工作人员和志愿者不适合考虑或发布。此外，

裁判的学生、以前的学生和同事不得参加。我们要求以前的获奖者在获奖作品发布三年后再参加。）

可知，ASF当前的志愿者不能参加、与裁判相关的人员不能参加，而且以前获奖选手三年内不能

参加。由此可推断，只有新手才可以参赛。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍短篇小说大赛的相关信息.

考查说明文。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的

逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉

及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】A、B、C、D

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中的Graham,NewScientistfeaturewriter,isnotthecommon

healthexpert.Hesometimeseatsfastfood.Hehasagymmembershipbutrarelyusesit.Andhetakes

medicinetokeephisbloodpressureundercontrol.Heneitherhasadietplannora6-weekprogramtokeep

fitandthin.（Graham是《新科学家》特稿作者，他不是那种常见的健康专家。他有时吃快餐。他

有健身房会员卡，但很少使用。他还吃药控制血压。他既没有节食计戈I，也没有6周的减肥计划。）

可知，Graham有一些不好的习惯，如吃快餐，有健身房会员卡但很少使用等。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的Inatalk,Grahamexplainsthebasicscience,tellspeoplesomeof

thesecretsofscience,teachespeopletousetheabilityofjudgementtotellthegoodfromthebad,and

helpsthemtoseebeyondtheheadlines.Thetalkallowspeopletoeathealthily,loseweight,andsortthe

truthoutfromsciencefacts.（在一次演讲中，Graham解释了基础科学，告诉人们一些科学的秘密，

教人们使用判断能力来区分好坏，并帮助看到头条新闻之外的东西。这个演讲让人们健康饮食，

减肥，并从科学事实中梳理真相。）可知第三段中提到的Graham的这个演讲涵盖了科学和健康

方面的内容。故选B。

（3）段落大意题。根据最后一段Buthelovesoutdoorsports.LastyearGrahamcycledover1,200miles

andranthesamedistanceof15marathons.Heoflengoesswimmingoutdoors,walksupeightflightsof

stairstohisdeskinsteadoftakingthelift.Heeatshisfivecopiesoffruitandvegetablesaday,keeps

enoughwaterinhisbody,anddoesn'teatmuchmeat.Despiteallthebadhabits,hisgoodonesseemtobe

winning.Grahamis50,buthis'biologicalage'wasrecentlymeasuredas45.（但是他喜欢户外运动。

去年，Graham骑行了1200多英里，跑了相当于15场马拉松的距离。他经常去户外游泳，爬八层

楼梯去上班，而不是坐电梯。他每天吃五份水果和蔬菜，体内保持足够的水分，而且不怎么吃肉。

尽管有那么多坏习惯，但他的好习惯似乎正在占上风。Graham今年50岁，但他的‘生理年龄'最近

被测量为45岁。）可知，此段主要介绍了Graham的一些健康的生活方式。故选C。

（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段中的

Butscienceprovidesclearandsimpleadviceforahealthylife.GrahamLawtonexplorestheevidence.Gr

ahamprovesthatyoudon'thavetobeahealthandfitnessextremisttobereasonablyhealthy.Hehasrou

ndedupthelatestandstrictesthealthresearchandchangeditintousefuladviceonallthebighealthques

lions：diet,weightloss,exercise,sleep,ageingandsoon.（但科学为健康生活提供了清晰而简单

的建议。格雷厄姆•劳顿探究了其中的证据。格雷厄姆证明，你不必成为一个健康和健身极端主义

者来保持合理的健康。他收集了最新、最严格的健康研究，并将其转化为对所有重大健康问题的

有用建议：饮食、减肥、锻炼、睡眠、衰老等等。）以及下文对Graham生活方式以及他的演讲

的详细介绍可知，本文主要阐述了Graham把收集到的最新、最严格的健康研究转化为对健康问

题的有用建议，以及Graham健康的生活方式，由此可知D选项TheSecretsofLivingaHealthyLife

（健康生活的秘密）能够概括文章内容，适合作为文章标题。故选D。

本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了Graham把收集到的最新、最严格的健康研究转化为对健康问题

的有用建议以及他的健康的生活方式。

考查说明文。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的

逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉

及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】B、D、B、D

【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据后文Recently,Germanysignedadealforthereturnofhundredsof

valuableartworksfromtheKingdomofDahomeyinthe19thcentury,inwhatistodayBenin.（最近，

德国签署了一项协议，要求归还19世纪达荷美王国（今天的贝宁）的数百件珍贵艺术品。）可知，

划线词所在句子Africancountrieshaveretrievedsomehistoricheritage,whichdirectlyreflects（反映）

theimportantdevelopmentofhumansociety,fromEuropeancountries.表达的意思是：非洲国家从欧

洲国家已经拿回了一些直接反映人类社会重要发展的历史遗产。划线单词的意思是“拿回”。

A.Reduced.减少；B.Takenback.拿回；C.Givenup.放弃；D.Recommended.推荐。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的Onesuchobjectisaneight-leggedseatfromtheoldkingdomin

Uganda.Theimportantarti-factnowsitsatamuseumthousandsofkilometersawayinBritain.（其中一

件这样的物品是一个来自乌干达旧王国的八条腿的座椅。这件重要的艺术品现在位于数千公里外

的英国博物馆。）可知，这把八条腿的座椅现在在英国的一个博物馆里。故选D。

（3）观点态度题。根据第三段中的ApolloJohnRwamparoisadeputyprimeministerofUganda.He

reallyvaluesthecountry'sculturalheritage.HerequestedtheBritishtoreturntheartifacts.Ugandaofficials

arepreparingtomeetwiththeUniversityofCambridgeinBritainaboutthereturnofsuchhistorical

artifacts.（ApolloJohnRwamparo是乌干达副总理。他非常重视这个国家的文化遗产。他要求英国

人归还文物。乌干达官员正准备与英国剑桥大学会面，讨论归还这些历史文物的问题。）可知，

乌干达的副总理很重视这个国家的文化遗产，乌干达的官员也将与英国剑桥大学会面，要求归还

历史文物，由此可推断，乌干达的官员很关心他们国家的文物。A.Curious.好奇的；B.Concerned.

关心的;C.Uncaring.冷漠的；D.Confused.困惑的。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的ManyoftheartifactsfromAfricacannotevenbefound.（许多

来自非洲的文物甚至找不到。）以及However,forAfricangovernments,therecoveryofartifacts

remainsastruggleandwilltakemuchtime.（然而，对于非洲各国政府来说，文物的恢复仍然是一场

斗争,需要很长时间。）可知，有些文物已经丢失，文物的恢复仍然面临着很大的挑战。A.Frightening.

可怕的；B.Doubtful.可疑的；C.Effortless.毫不费力的；D.Challenging.具有挑战性的。故选D。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了非洲国家正在努力找回一些反映人类社会重要发展的文物，

但是对于非洲各国政府来说，这仍然是极大的一项挑战。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】A、C、C、A

【解析】（1）写作目的题。根据首段Onemillionspeciesfaceextinction,morethaneverbeforeinhuman

history,accordingtoaUNreportreleasedinMay.Andhumansshouldberesponsible（根据联合国5

月发布的一份报告，有100万个物种面临灭绝，比人类历史上任何时候都多。人类应该为此负责。）

可知，首段引用联合国公布的一项报告，说明世界上物种灭绝严重，结合下文对物种灭绝的原因和

后果进行分析可以判断，首段的目的是引出本文的话题。故选A项。

（2）段落大意题。根据第三段Thefindingsareclearandalarming.Theresearchershavefoundthatabout

25percentoftheworld'splantsandanimalsareatriskofextinction.（调查结果是明确和令人震惊的。

研究人员发现，世界上约有25%的植物和动物面临灭绝的危险。）可知，对于物种灭绝的数量研

究结果令人震惊，世界上25%的动植物处于灭绝的危险中，这说明了物种灭绝严重。可知第3段

主要说明了物种减少的严重性。故选C项。

（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Theresearchersidentifiedfivedriversresponsiblefortheunpleasant

news.Theythinkatthetopofthelististhechangeoflandandseause.（研究人员确定了造成这一令人

不快的消息的推手.他们认为排在首位的是土地和海洋用途的变化。）可知，造成物种灭绝的威

胁中排在最前面的是土地和海洋用途的变化。A.Climatechange.气候变化；B.Naturaldisasters.自然

灾害；C.Changesoftheirlivingspace.他们生活空间的变化；D.Thedirectoveruseofcreatures.直接过

度使用生物。故选C项。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Theresearcherssayitistimeforhumanstomakeachange.Theythink

maybeanewglobalwaytosavefoodandrefusewasteinourlifecouldturnthetables.（研究人员说，

现在是人类做出改变的时候了。他们认为，也许一种新的全球方法来节省食物和拒绝我们生活中

的浪费可以扭转局面。）可知，研究者说我们人类应该做出改变了，一种新的全球方法来节省食

物和拒绝我们生活中的浪费可以扭转局面，由此可推断，研究者支持“改变生活习惯”这一观点。

故选A项。

本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是联合国的一份报告表明，现在世界上有100多万物种面临灭绝，分

析了物种灭绝的原因以及对人类造成的后果，并呼吁人类应该做出改变。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

16〜20.【答案】E、F、G、D、A

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句As