2022年中考英语(百色专用)复习精讲教学案-专题4介词和介词短语

专题四介词和介词短语时间介词(2021/2019/2018/2017考，选择填空、完形填空、选词填空考查)选择填空。(D)1.Mostofmyclassmateswereborn________2005.A．atB．onC．toD．in(C)2.Manypeoplegoswimming________summer.A.onB．atC．inD．for(B)3.(2021铁岭)Mymothergetsup________fiveo'clockeverymorningtocookbreakfastforme.A．onB．atC．inD．for(B)4.(2021南京)Wearegoingtocelebratethe100thanniversaryofthefoundingoftheCommunistPartyofChina________July1st,2021.A．inB．onC．atD．of(D)5.(易错题)Wehaveageographylesson________threeo'clock________Thursdayafternoon.A．at；inB．in；inC．on；onD．at；on(A)6.(2021自贡改编)—HaveyouheardofthenewsaboutYuanLongping?—Yes.It'sreportedthathepassedaway________theageof91yesterday.A．atB．inC．onD．with用适当的介词填空。7．Marywillarrivehere__in__halfanhour.8．Mr.LihasbeeninBeijing__for__nearlyfiveyears.9．Ihaveworkedinthisschool__since__2016.10．Yesterday，IwatchedCloudyMountain(《峰爆》)withTom__from__3：30p．m.__to__5：30p．m.at，in与on介词用法示例at表示在具体的某一时刻at10：00a．m.在上午十点钟用于固定搭配atnoon/night在中午/晚上attheendof在……结尾in(2019、T27)常与表示“一段时间”的时间名词搭配(如世纪、月份、季节、年份)inDecember在十二月inwinter在冬天in2018在2018年表示泛指的上下午、晚上、白天等inthemorning/afternoon/evening/daytime在早上/下午/晚上/白天“in＋一段时间”表示“在……(多久)以后”，常与一般将来时连用Myfatherwillcomebackinaweek.我爸爸将于一周后回来。用于固定搭配inthefuture在将来续表介词用法示例on(2021、T26；2017、T27)表示在具体的某日(日期或星期几)onOctober7th在十月七日onSunday在星期天表示在某个特定的早上、下午、晚上或当早上、下午、晚上有具体的形容词修饰时onMondaymorning在星期一早上onasunnymorning在一个晴朗的早上表示在具体的节日当天onNationalDay在国庆节时间介词速记口诀年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行；遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in；要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行；午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错；明确时刻也用at，说“差”可要用上to；说“过”只用past，多说多练牢掌握。2．before与after介词含义用法例句before在……之前加时间点Jennymustgethomebefore5：00p．m.everyday.珍妮每天必须五点之前回家。after在……之后加时间点，常与一般将来时连用She'llarriveaftertwoo'clock.她将在两点后到达。加时间段，常与一般过去时连用Shecamebackaftertwoweeks.她两周后回来了。3.from，since与for介词含义用法例句from(2018、T27)从……起常与to构成词组from…to…，意为“从……到……”TodayIhaveanEnglishlessonfrom8：00a．m.to9：00a．m.今天早上八点到九点我有一节英语课。since自……以来加具体的过去时间点，常与现在完成时连用IhavelivedinBaisesince2015.我从2015年起就住在百色了。加时间段＋ago，常与现在完成时连用IhavelivedinBaisesincethreeyearsago.自从三年前我就住在百色了。for历经……之久加时间段，常与现在完成时连用IhavelivedinBaiseforthreeyears.我已经在百色住了三年了。注意：“for＋时间段”也可用于其他时态中。4．till/until，during与by介词含义用法例句till/until直到用于肯定句时，谓语动词需用延续性动词；用于否定句时，谓语动词需用短暂性动词Iwaitedforyouuntileleveno'clockthismorning.今早我等你等到11点。Bobdoesn'tgotobeduntil11o'clock.鲍勃直到11点才睡觉。during(2019、T71)在……期间加时间段，强调时间的持续性。不可用于现在完成时Duringthelunchtime，wetalkedabouttheTVshow.午餐期间我们谈论了那个电视节目。续表介词含义用法例句by不晚于；在……之前加将来时间点，常与一般将来时连用Itwillbeveryhotbytomorrowmorning.到明天早上，天气会变得很热。加过去时间点，常与过去完成时连用Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbytheendofthesummerholiday.在暑假结束之前，我已经做完了作业。方位介词(2020/2017/2014考，选择填空、选词填空、单词拼写考查)选择填空。(C)1.Thebankis________theleftofthesupermarket.It'snotfar.A．inB．forC．onD．at(A)2.(2021盘锦)Thelittleboyhidhimself________thedoortogivehissisterasurprise.A．behindB．aboveC．acrossD．in(C)3.Yanchengistheonlycity________Chinatobenamedaftersalt.A．atB．onC．inD．with(A)4.(2021海南改编)Sansha,abeautifulcity,lies________thesouthofChina.A．inB．onC．toD．at1．in，at，on，与to介词用法例句in(2020、T27；2014、T71)多指在较大的地方(如：国家、城市等)InChina，peopleeatzongziduringtheDragonBoatFestival.在中国，人们在端午节期间吃粽子。表示在某一地区的某方位(在该范围内)ChinaisintheeastofAsia.中国在亚洲东部。续表介词用法例句at在较小的地方或某一地点的具体位置Ialwaysreadbooksathome.我总是在家看书。on表示与某地的相邻关系(两地接壤)GuangxiliesonthewestofGuangdong.广西在广东的西部。to表示在某一地区之外的某方位JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中国的东面。2.over，on，above，under与below介词含义例句over(2014、T28)在……正上方(垂直，两者不接触)Theyheldalargeumbrellaoverher.他们给她撑起一把大伞。on在……上面(两者接触)Thereisamobilephoneonthedesk.书桌上有一部手机。above在……上方(不一定垂直，两者不接触)Thereisaballoonabovemyhead.我头上有一个气球。under在……正下方(两者不接触)Mybasketballisunderthebed.我的篮球在床下面。below在……下方(不一定垂直)Thecoatreachesbelowtheknees.那件大衣盖过膝盖。3.across与through(2017、T79)(考点讲解详见P23“考点2”)方式介词(仅2016考，选词填空考查)选择填空。(C)1.(2021梧州)Ioftengotoschool________foot.A．inB．byC．onD．at(A)2.(2021绥化改编)Bigsale!WehaveT－shirts________white________only$6.A．in；forB．of；forC．in；atD．of；with用适当的介词填空。3．MarklearnsEnglish__by__keepingadiary__in__English.4．Wecansmell__with__ournose.5．Mikeoftengoestoschool__by__bike.6．Inthefuturestudentswillstudy__on__thecomputerathome.介词用法例句by(2016、T75)表示“以……方式、方法或手段”，常与表示交通工具的名词连用Sheusuallygoestoschoolbybike.她通常骑自行车去上学。in表示“用……语言、语调、颜色”等What'sthisinEnglish？这个用英语怎么说？续表介词用法例句with表示“用……工具、材料、身体的某一部分或器官”PeopleusuallyeatwithchopsticksinChina.在中国人们通常用筷子吃饭。on表示“用网络、电视、收音机、电话等”Theytalkonthephoneeveryday.他们每天打电话聊天。其他介词(2021/2019/2018/2017/2016/2015考，选择填空、完形填空、选词填空、单词拼写考查)选择填空。(B)1.Hanclothingisbecomingmorepopular________youngpeople.A．overB．amongC．betweenD．about(A)2.________thehelpofhisfriend，theboyfoundhislostdogintheparkatlast.A．WithB．AtC．OnD．In(B)3.(2021郴州改编)—Whatwouldyouliketodrink,Joe?—I'dlikeacupofcoffee________milk,please.Ilikethetaste.A．inB．withC．fromD．on(C)4.(2021河池凤山县二模)—Helen,canyouhangoutwithustonight?—Sorry,Ihavetostudy________theEnglishtest.A．onB．toC．forD．at(B)5.—Jack，canyouswim________theriver?—Idon'tthinkIcan.It'stoowideforme.A．overB．acrossC．throughD．above介词含义例句with(2021、T48；2019、T43；2015、T27)与……一起；随着；附有Janeoftengoestothemovieswithherbestfriend.简经常跟她最好的朋友一起去看电影。without没有WithoutTom'shelp，Icouldn'tfinishthetask.没有汤姆的帮助，我不可能完成这项任务。against对抗GermanyplayedagainstMexicolastnight.昨晚，德国队和墨西哥队对战。between(2018、T71)在……之间(两者)Thereisariverbetweenthetwovillages.这两个村庄之间隔着一条河。among(2016、T79)在……之间(三者及以上)Theteacherisverypopularamongthestudents.这个老师很受学生们的欢迎。about关于Thestoryisaboutacat.这是一个关于一只猫的故事。for(2017、T72)为了；给；对Mymotherboughtapenforme.我的妈妈给我买了一支钢笔。by在附近Aliceissittingbytheriver.艾丽斯正坐在河边。after(2016、T47)在……之后Afterwinningtheprizeshebecamefamousovernight.她获奖之后一夜成名了。介词短语(仅2021/2019未考，选择填空、完形填空、选词填空考查)选择填空。(C)1.—Whathappened________youyesterday?—Imetmyoldfriend________mywayhome.A．to；toB．to；atC．to；onD．for；on(D)2.(2021贵港覃塘区一模)—Aliceisanindependentgirl.Herparentsareproud________her.—Sheisreallygreat.A．onB．toC．inD．of(A)3.________thekind­heartedlady，thehomelessboyhasanewfamily.A．ThankstoB．ThanktoC．ThanksforD．Thankfor(D)4.(2021天水)Weleft________suchahurrythatweforgotourtickets.A．onB．forC．toD．in(A)5.Asstudents，we'resupposedtogotothemuseumoften.Wecangetmoreknowledgefromthethings________.A．onshowB．onsaleC．onlandD．ontime(C)6.(2021山西改编)Inthefuture,robotswillplayamoreimportantroleinpeople'slife________thedevelopmentoftechnology.A．aheadofB．insteadofC．becauseofD．fullof介词＋名词athome在家里；atschool在学校；atnoon在中午；atnight在晚上；atwork在工作；atsea在海上；atthesametime同时；attimes有时；atbreakfast早餐时；atmidnight在午夜；atthemoment此刻；bybus乘公共汽车；bythetime到……时候；bymistake错误地；bythedoor在门口；inhospital住院；intheend最后；inorder整整齐齐；inorderto以便；innotime很快就……；inthedaytime在白天；inturn轮流；intime及时；infront在前方；inEnglish用英语；inthefuture在将来；infuture从今以后；infact事实上；ontheway在路上；onSunday在星期天；onshow展出；ondisplay陈列；onfire着火；onweekends在周末；ontheotherhand另一方面；onfoot步行；onbusiness出差；onboard在船(飞机)上；onholiday在休假；onthetelephone在接(打)电话；ontime准时；onthe(one's)left/right在(某人的)左边/右边；onsale在出售；onwatch值班；ontheearth在地球上；withpleasure很乐意；withone'shelp在某人的帮助下be＋形容词＋介词beamazedat对……感到惊讶；beangrywith生(某人的)气；beafraidof害怕；bebusywith忙于做……；begoodat擅长于；befullof充满；beexcitedabout对……感到兴奋；bekindto对……友好；beinterestedin对……感兴趣；befamousfor因……而著名；belatefor迟到；bepopularwith受……欢迎；bepleasedwith对……感到满意；beproudof为……骄傲(2016、T27)；bereadyfor为……做好准备；besatisfiedwith对……满意；beworriedabout为……担心(2015、T75)续表介词＋名词＋介词atthefootof在……脚下；onthetopof在……顶端；inthemiddleof在……中间；inthefrontof在……前面(内部)；intheeastof在……东部；bymeansof借助；atthebeginningof起初；bytheendof到……为止；attheageof在……岁时(2020、T44)；attheheadof在……前头；attheback(of)在后面动词＋介词agreewith同意(2018、T42)；askfor请求；beginwith以……开始；comefrom来自；callat探访；dieof死于；geton/off上/下车；fill…with用……装满……；hearfrom收到(某人)的信；hearof听说；falloff…从……落下；lookat看；gotobed去睡觉；gotoschool去上学；lookfor寻找；lookafter照顾；listento听……讲话；payfor付钱；pointto指向；pointat指着；sendfor派人去叫；runacross偶然遇到；talkabout谈论；thinkabout考虑；waitfor等候；writeto写信给……；worryabout担心；laughat嘲笑；fallbehind落在……后面；knockat敲(门、窗等)其他alotof/lotsof许多，大量(2017、T52)；toone'ssurprise令……惊讶的是(2016、T52)；playajokeonsb.开某人玩笑(2014、T46)；becauseof因为，由于；insteadof代替，而不是一、选择填空。(C)1.TheNinthXichangDragonBoatRacewasheld________June9thlastyear.Manypeoplewatchedit________TV.A．in；onB．in；inC．on；onD．on；in(A)2.(2021怀化改编)Ioftenhelpmyparentswithhousework________Sundays.A．onB．inC．atD．to(A)3.(2021北京)SpaceDayofChinafalls________April24theveryyear.A．onB．byC．atD．in(A)4.ThetemperatureinsummerinBaisesometimescanbe________39℃.A．aboveB．overC．underD．below(B)5.(2021襄阳)—I'mproudofourChina'sTiangongStationplan.—Me,too.Wehavetakenanotherstep________ourspacedream.A．behindB．towardsC．acrossD．