2022年中考英语(百色专用)复习精讲教学案-专题12非谓语动词

专题十二非谓语动词非谓语动词指在句中充当除谓语以外的其他句子成分的动词形式，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用。百色中考近8年对非谓语动词的考查主要涉及两种形式：动词不定式和动名词。过去分词未考查。动词不定式(2020/2019/2018考，选择填空、完形填空考查)选择填空。(B)1.(2021天津)WhenIwasyoung,myparentstaughtme________olderpeoplekindly.A．treatsB．totreatC．treatedD．treat(D)2.(2021大连)Don'tworry.WewillmeetnextMonday________theprojectagain.A．discussB．discussedC．discussingD．todiscuss(B)3.(2021宿迁)Thepolicemantoldthechildren________intheriver.It'stoodangerous!A．tonotswimB．nottoswimC．notswimD．notswimming(C)4.(2021南通)Thecommunityworkerispatientenough________totheoldhowtouseHealthCode(码).A．explainB．explainsC．toexplainD．explaining(A)5.Ourgovernmenttriestodoeverythingtheycan________peopleliveabetterlife.A．tohelpB．helpC．helpingD．helped(A)6.—Whydomanyfarmersputtheirproductsonlinethesedays?—________themmoreeasily.A．TosellB．SellC．SellingD．Toselling1．动词不定式的基本形式其基本形式是to＋动词原形(注意省略to的动词不定式的用法)。2．动词不定式的用法成分用法例句主语不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把不定式后置ItisnoteasyforustospeakEnglish.对我们来说，说英语不容易。表语多数情况下，不定式作表语可转换为作主语Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.＝Tocleantheroomeverydayismywork.我的工作是每天打扫房间。宾语(2020、T50；2018、T35)通常只能跟在某些动词后作宾语，不能用作介词的宾语Hehopestogetagoodjobinthecity.他希望在城里找个好工作。宾语补足语(2019、T33)在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役动词、感官动词后，省略不定式符号toMymothermademeplaythepianoallthetime.我妈妈总是让我弹钢琴。定语不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的名词或代词后面Haveyougotanythingtosay？你有什么要说的吗？状语不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.我去图书馆学习英语了。动名词(2021/2019/2017/2014考，选择填空、完形填空、选词填空考查)选择填空。(D)1.(2021苏州)Duringourholidays,weshouldavoid________upatnightandoversleepinginthemorning.A．stayB．tostayC．stayedD．staying(C)2.(2021贵港)—Mygrandmaisusedto________inthecountryside.—Oh.Soismygrandma.A．liveB．livesC．livingD．lived(B)3.(2021柳州改编)—Doesthemethodyouthoughtof________theproblemmakeanysense?—Ofcourse.A．solveB．ofsolvingC．tosolvingD．solving(C)4.—Whatdidshesayinherletter?—Shesaidshewaslookingforwardto________toherhometown.A．returnB．returnedC．returningD．returns(B)5.Thesingerwasoftenseentopractice________songsnearthewoodsthreeyearsago.A．singB．singingC．tosingD．sang1．动名词的基本形式其基本形式由动词的­ing形式构成。2．动名词的用法成分用法例句主语谓语动词用单数Readingaloudisveryhelpful.大声朗读很有用。作主语时常用it作形式主语It'snousearguing.争论是没用的。表语多数情况下，动名词作表语可转化为作主语HisjobisteachingEnglish.＝TeachingEnglishishisjob.他的工作是教英语。定语表示所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等，置于修饰语之前Hecan'twalkwithoutawalkingstick.没有拐杖他不能走路。续表成分用法例句宾语(2021、T30&T74&T76；2019、T47；2014、T72作动词或介词的宾语，表示一般的习惯、抽象行为或经常性的动作Wearethinkingofmakinganewplan.我们正在考虑制订一个新的计划。若动名词后跟有宾语补足语，则常用it作形式宾语Wefounditnotgoodmakingfunofothers.我们发现取笑他人不好。状语(2017、T38；2014、T35)表示时间、原因、结果、条件、行为方式或伴随等Doyouhavedifficultygettingup？你起床有困难吗？非谓语动词易混用法辨析(近8年未考，仅作了解)选择填空。(C)1.—Whydon'tthedoctorsstop________lunch?—Becausetheyarebusy________apatient.A．tohave；tosaveB．having；savingC．tohave；savingD．having；tosave(A)2.Don'tforget________theTVwhenyougotosleep.A．toturnoffB．turningoffC．toturnonD．turningon有些动词(短语)后既可跟不定式也可跟动名词，但含义不同。如：eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(stoptodosth.停下来去做某事,stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(remembertodosth.记得要去做某事（未做）,rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事（已做）))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(forgettodosth.忘记要去做某事（未做）,forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事（已做）))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(trytodosth.尽力做某事,trydoingsth.试着做某事))选择填空。(B)1.(2021临沂改编)Remembertousesunglassestostopthesunfrom________directlyinyoureyes.A．shineB．shiningC．toshineD．shone(C)2.(2021丹东)Turntheworldintoabigfamily,andwe'llmakepeople'swish________trueearlier.A．comesB．willcomeC．comeD．tocome(B)3.________withmyfather'shandwriting，mineispoor.A．CompareB．ComparedC．ComparingD．Compares(A)4.(2021益阳改编)Ourteachersdon'tallowus________mobilephonesintheschool.A．touseB．useC．usingD．used(B)5.(2021大庆)—Englishisdifficult________atthebeginning.—Yes,butifyoukeep________，youcanmakeprogress.A．tobelearned；tryingB．tolearn；tryingC．tobelearned；totryD．tolearn；totry(D)6.(2021营口)Thelecture(讲座)isworth________．PleasetellJohn________late.A．attend；notbeB．toattend；tobeC．attended；tobeingD．attending；nottobe(C)7.(2021铜仁)—Look!The