1st8大时态学习资料

星火教育集团个性化辅导教案SparkEducationGroupTeachingPlanPAGE1PAGE1星火教育常州校区：工人文化宫和平北路148号联系电话：051988883322姓名秦轶年级初三学科英语教师游娟时间2014.5.1618：50-20：50课时3课题初中时态综合分析教学目标知识目标：8大时态的构成及用法能力目标：掌握八大时态的构成，灵活运用各种时态的用法教学方法：演绎法、讲授法、练习法重点难点重点：现在完成时、一般进行时、一般将来时难点：现在完成时、过去完成时、过去进行时、过去将来时教学内容与教学过程课前检查作业完成情况：优□良□中□差□建议__________________________________________时态总结一）初中动词常见的8种时态一般现在时：谓语动词用原形或第三人称单数一般过去时：谓语动词用过去式一般将来时:谓语用wil/begoingto+动词原形现在进行时：谓语用am/is/are+动词的现在分词现在完成时：谓语用have/has+动词过去分词过去进行时：谓语用was/were+动词的现在分词过去完成时：谓语用had+动词过去分词过去将来时：谓语用would或was/weregoingto+动词原形二）动词基本形式变化第三人称单数形式？LiketeachwashgopassStudycarry现在分词？livewritesitbegindietie过去式和过去分词？Workcarrylivestopplan巧记ABB不规则动词过去式和过去分词（A代表原形，BB分别代表过去式和过去分词）原形特征过去式过去分词例词-eep-ept-eptkeep,sweep,sleep-ell-old-oldsell,tell-end-ent-entlend,spend,send-ay-aid-aidsay,pay-n-nt-ntburn,learn,meanought-oughtbring,buy,fight,thinkaught-aughtcatch,teach巧记ABC型不规则动词（A代表原形，B代表过去式，C代表过去分词）原型特征过去式过去分词例词-eak-oke-okenBreak,speak-eal-ole-olensteal-ear-ore-ornWear,bear,tear-ow-ew-owngrow,blow,know,throw-i--a--u-sink,swim,drink,ring,sing,beginAAA型不规则动词(A分别代表原形，过去式，过去分词)hit;hurt;let;spit;rid;cost;read;put;cut1.Haveyouheardaboutthatcaraccidentneartheschool?Yes,luckilynoone_____.AhurtedBwashurtCwashurtedDwerehurt三）动词各种时态的用法1.一般现在时通常与often;always;usually;sometimes;onceaweek;onSundays;onMondayafternoon;everyday;everymorning;everyyear连用我经常坐公交去上学________________________________________2)表示客观事实或普遍真理Lighttravelsfasterthansound.(翻译)3）当主句为一般将来时，在以if;assoonas;until;when等引导的时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。WhenIgrowup,IwillgotoAmerica.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.Iftherobot______wrong,youcangetanewoneforfreeorgetallyourmoneyback.A.wentB.goesC.wouldgoD.willgo2.一般过去时1）与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：Lastnight;lastweek;someyearsago;in1990;inthepast;intheotherday;atthattime;justnowWevisitedafarmlastSunday.WhenIwasinthecountryside,Iusedtoswimintheriver.3.一般将来时1)will+动词原形，常与将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow;nextweek;inafewdays;nextSunday;in+一段时间IwillgotoSuzhounextweek.当句中主语是I/we时，一般是用shall表示征求对方意见Whereshallwemeettomorrow?2)begoingto+动词原形，表示计划、打算做某事（表示已决定并可能发生的事情）WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?3)beto+动词原形：表示即将发生的动作注意：以下情况只能用shall/will不能用begoingtoWillyoupleaselendmeyourbike?(表示有礼貌地询问对方、客气的邀请或命令)表示意愿色彩Wewillhelphimifheasksus.表示客观的将来，与人的主观愿望和判断无关Thesunwillriseat6:00tomorrowmorning.4.现在进行时结构：am/is/are+（not）+动词现在分词1）即可表示此刻正在进行的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的或持续的状态Thestudentsareworkingonfarmsthesedays.用现在进行时表示将来常用这种结构的动词有：go;come;leave;stay;start;begin等，表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情WeareleavingforShanghai.(就要)Thebusiscomingsoon.（就快）当时间状语是now;thesedays等或句中含有look;listen;can’tyousee等词时，要用现在进行时注意：表示喜恶的词不能用于现在进行时，如like;love;hate题组训练：用所给的动词的正确时态填空Tomoften____(help)hisparentsdohouseworkathome.I_____(get)upatsixthismorning.I__________(plan)tolistentomusicnextweekend.Thetrain_____(leave)at6:00tomorrowmorning.They_____(work)hardthisterm.I__________(visit)theEarthquakeMuseumthisweekend.5.现在完成时1）现在完成时由“have/has+过去分词”构成2）现在完成时的用法ShehaslivedheresinceshecametoChangzhou.(从过去持续到现在的动作或状态)Hehastakenfirstprizetwice.(已完成但对现在有一定影响的动作)现在完成时常与just，yet，ever，never，just，already，recently，sofar,bynow等副词连用。以及since、for引导的时间状语连用(since+时间点，for+时间段)Hehasbeeninmyhousesince8:00thismorning.(since自从……)Hehasnotreturnedthebooktomeyet.(yet“还”用于否定句和疑问句中，通常放在句末)Overtheyears,theareahasalreadychangedalot.（already“已经”用于肯定句）几个副词的用法1）ever，“曾经”，用于否定句或疑问句中HaveyoueverbeentoLondon?2)never,“从来没有”常与before连用Ihaveneverheardofthissingerbefore.练习：1.Mr.Whitecametoourschoolin2008,andsincethenhe_____usEnglish.(2011盐城)AteachesBtaughtChastaughtDwillteach2.Wouldyouliketowatchthethree-DfilmTitanicwithme?(2012连云港)Certainly.Idon’tmindseeingitagainalthoughI______ittwice.AsawBwasseenChaveseenDhadseen3.I_____Mr.SmithsincehemovedtoShanghai.(2012北京)Adidn’thearfromBdon’thearfromCwon’thearfromDhaven’thearfrom1.以前我从未听说过这个人。（2012，江苏常熟）________________________________________2.丹尼尔汉语说得很好，因为他在中国有5年了。(2012江苏盐城)Daniel____________________becausehe________________inChinaforfiveyears.3.在过去的三十年里没有一个国家像中国一样取得如此大的进步。(2011,江苏盐城)Nocountry____________________asChinainthepastthirtyyears.4.自从去年以来我就没有给他写过信。（2011江苏苏州）________________________________________延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在，而与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，非延续性动词不能和一段时间连用我离开家乡已有10年了。Ihaveleftmyhometownfor10years.Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownfor10years.2)在否定句中，非延续性动词可与一段时间连用将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词Come→behere;borrow→keepbuy→havego→betherejoin→bein(bea……member)leave→beawaybegin/start→beoncatchacold→haveacoldarrive/reach→befinish→beoverlose→nothavedie→bedeadwakeup→beawakefallsleep→beasleepputon→wear1.这本书我已经买了一年了，它很有用，值得多看几遍。（2013江苏淮安）I__________foroneyear.Itisusefuland__________manytimes.2.Aliceinwonderland_______for15daysandmanyofuslikethefilmverymuch.(2012,镇江)A.beginsB.hasbeganC.beganD.hasbeenonHavebeento,havegoneto和havebeenin的区别ShehasbeentoShanghai.(曾去过，现在已不在上海)ShehasgonetoShanghai.（去…了，现在还未回来）ShehasbeeninShanghaifortwoyears.（在…了，表示在某地待了多久）Mr.Lihasbeenatthisschoolfor10years.(at接小地方)TheGreensareinNanjingnow.Theyhavebeenhereforahalfayear.（接副词时，不需要任何介词）1.Julia’sfather_______toLondonlastmonth.He_______therethreetimes.（2013连云港）A.went;hadgoneB.hasgone;hasbeenC.went;hasbeenD.hasbeen;hadgone2.Whyareyouworried?(2013,常州)I’amexpectingacallfrommydaughter.She______NewYorkforthreedays.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeeninD.hascomein3.HaveyoueverbeentoSingapore?Yes.I______therelastyearwithmyparents.A.goB.wentC.havebeenD.havebeenin现在完成时与被动时态的连用结构：have/has+beendoneJimhasfinishedthework.TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.1.Insomecities,something______tostopthesalesoflivepoultry(家禽)duringthepastweek.willdoB.havedoneC.willbedoneDhasbeendone现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：一、侧重点不同Ihaveseenthefilmalready.(我已经看过那部电影了)IwenttoNantongyesterday.(昨天我去了南通)现在完成时：与现在有关的时态，侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响一般过去时：一种过去的时态，侧重于表示过去的动作，与现在无关二、连用的时间状语不同Haveyoueverpickedflowersinapark?Fatherboughtthisbikefiveyearsago.现在完成时：already;yet;still;just;sofar;inthepast/last…;never;before;ever;since;for一般过去时：ago;yesterday;last…;in1990;justnow6.过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或一段时间正在进行的动作，常和表示过去的时间状语连用如：then;atthattime;thistimeyesterday;attenyesterday等连用，或用另一动作来表示过去的时间Iwasreadingwhenmymothercamein.过去进行时常与always等频度副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯动作Jackwasalwayschanginghismind.go;come;leave;arrive;start等动词，其过去进行时表示过去按计划即将发生的动作。过去完成时是指到过去某个时间为止已经完成的动作或状态。“过去的过去”与过去完成时连用的时间状语有bylastweek,bytheendoflastyear等HehadlivedinSuzhoufortenyearsbeforehecamehere.(过去完成时在句中使用一般必须有一个暗含在过去发生的动作作参照，使用过去完成时的动作发生在该过去动作之前。)过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中谓语结构：would+动词原形Heaskedwhenthemeetingwouldstart.2)用was/weregoingto+动词原形表示曾经打算或准备要做的动作HewasgoingtostartanewjobwhenIsawhinthen.I_______(watch)TVwhilemymotherwascooking.Hesaidhe_______(buy)somebooksforhismother.课堂练习：1.There_______stillsomeapplejuiceinthefridge.It’snotnecessaryforustogothesupermarketnow.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are2.HasWendyhandedinherapplicationform?Notsure.Shetoldmethatshewantedtocheckagainand_______itinsoon.willhandB.wouldhandC.hashandedD.hadhanded3.Hasyourfatherfinishedhisreport?Sorry,Idon’tknow.He_______itthismorning.A.waswritingB.wroteChaswrittenD.hadwritten4.Thegirlsittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervous,forshe_______before.A.didn’tflyB.hasn’tflownC.hadn’tflownD.wasn’tflying5.HowmanyChineseastronauts(宇航员)_______intospacesince2003?Twelve,includingtwowomen.A.weresentB.sentChavebeensentD.havesent6.Justaminute!Mybrother_______hiscarinthegarden.A.washesB.iswashingC.washedD.willwash7.Theseengineerssuccessfully_______(开发)anewkindofenergy-savingcarlastyear.8.Thenewspapersaysallthemuseumswillbeopenedforfreesoon.Doyouknowthat?Yes.Butthelocalgovernment_______(notconfirm)ityet.Let’sjustwaitandsee.The2014YouthOlympicGames_______(hold)inNanjingfromAugust16thto28th.Haveyou_______(讨论)theproblemwithanyone?课后作业:平时考卷出现的