高中状语从句讲解课件

状语从句AdverbialClause高中状语从句讲解英语句子按交际功能分按结构分类陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句简单句并列句复合句一般疑问句特殊疑问句反意疑问句选择疑问句名词性从句定语从句状语从句主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句N.Adj.Adv.高中状语从句讲解

状语时用来修饰词,

词,

词或

的一种句子成分.它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。其中,副词,介词,介词短语,分词(短语),名词,不定式,句子都可充当状语。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。分类如下：动形容副句子什么是状语？高中状语从句讲解状语从句1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.让步状语从句6.目的状语从句7.结果状语从句8.方式状语从句9.比较状语从句高中状语从句讲解一状语从句高考的考查特点1.试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点(不同性质的连词;定语从句和名词性从句的干扰)2.题干句的情景化增强,句意理解难度提高Gobackwhereyoulived._______Gobacktothevillage

whereyoulived.________where前有定语从句的先行词状语从句定语从句高中状语从句讲解二能力要求：1.了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连

词完成交际.

3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的

用法区别.高中状语从句讲解常见考点：

考点一、主句与从句的时态呼应问题；

考点二、连接词的选择（注意区别几组连接词：while

/

as

/

when引导时间状语从句；because

/

since

/

as

/

for引导原因状语从句；if

/

unless引导条件状语从句；so…that

/

such…that引导结果状语从句等）；

考点三、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换；

考点四、状语从句的倒装结构（hardly

/

scarcely…when；no

sooner…than等）

高中状语从句讲解Ⅰ时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词1.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once,assoonas,

etc.2.名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,etc.(一…就…);everytime,eachtime,thelasttime,thefirsttime,etc.高中状语从句讲解3.副词类（由副词充当引导词）：immediately,directly,instantly,etc.(一...就...)4.句型类：nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely…when…,etc.(一…就…)e.g.IwillgiveyouananswerimmediatelyIfinish

mywork.e.g.Scarcelyhadhegonewhensheappeared.★用于句首时应引起部分倒装,且前部分一般用过去完成时高中状语从句讲解

as引导的时间状语从句,可以表达“正当……”，“一边……一边……”，“随着……”等意思。1.表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。

Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.2.表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。

Justashewasspeakingtherewasaloudexplosion.3.表示两个动作同时发生。(一边…一边…)Helensangasongasshewashed.4.表示“随着…..”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发展变化。Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.1.as,while,when的区别高中状语从句讲解while:持续性动词／进行时＊一般或现在情况＊将来情况－V一般现在时或现在进行时＊过去情况e.g.IlikelisteningtomusicwhileIamdoingmyhomework.e.g.—I’mgoingtothepostoffice.--Whileyouarethere,canyougetsomestampsforme?e.g.IhurtmyshoulderwhileIwasdoinggym.☆while常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程，强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的，它引导的从句用延续性动词，若从句中是非延续性动词，则不用while.侧重于主从两个动作或状态的对比。p207高中状语从句讲解WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_______)WhileIreallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=_________)Whilethereislifethereishope.(while=__________)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.（while=_________）whenalthoughaslongasWhile在句中的不同含义:however高中状语从句讲解while用法的归纳１.作并列连词,意为“然而,却”,表对比(=however)Helikesfootballwhilehisbrotherlikesbasketball.2.引导时状从句(=when)Whilehewasdoinghishomework,hismothercamein.３.引让状从句,表“虽然,尽管”,置于句首(=although)WhileIadmithisgoodpoints,Icanseehisshortcomings.４.引导条状从句,表“只要”(=aslongas)I’lldoeverythingforyouwhileyouarehappy.高中状语从句讲解when:持续性／非持续性动词都可＊当……时＊就在那时，正在这时=andatthis/thattimee.g.WhenIfirstsawher,Ifellinlovewithher.---Whendidyougethome?---Itwaseighto’clockwhenIgothome.Theywerewalking

downthestreetwhentheysawanaccident.(A=B)2)Iwasabouttogoswimming

whenourguidestopped

me.(A﹤B)3）Ihadjust

finishedmyworkwhenhecameback.(A﹥B)高中状语从句讲解＊尽管／虽然／鉴于／如果／届时／1.Hewalkswhenhemighttakeataxi.2.TheQueenwillvisitthetowninMay,when

shewillopenthenewhospital.3.Howcanyouhopeformercyyourselfwhenyoushownone?4.HowcouldIliveinLosAngeleswhenallmyfavoritepeoplelivehere?虽然届时如果鉴于,既然

when还有一些较为灵活的翻译:高中状语从句讲解1Whenhe_____(come)back,pleasetellhimtomeetmeatmyoffice.comes2Iwilltellhimwhenshe_______back.

3Iwouldtellhimwhenshe______back.comescame注意时态4---When____youcometoseeme,Dad?---Iwillgotoseeyouwhenyou____thetrainingcoursing.A.do;willhavefinishedB.will;willfinishC.do;arefinishingD.will;finish时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,用一般过去时代替过去将来时高中状语从句讲解Hefellasleep_____________hewasreading.Ikeptsilent______hewaswriting.Shesang____shewentalong.Itwasraininghard________wearrived.Ithoughtofitjust__________youopenedyourmouth.Thingsaregettingbetterandbetter_____timegoeson.It’scold_____itsnows.Iwillgohome_____hecomesback.Wewereabouttostart______itbegantorain.Helikescoffee,_____shelikestea.__________aboy,helivedinJapan.__________reading,hefellasleep.____________introuble,askherforhelp.when/while/aswhileaswhen/aswhen/asaswhenwhenwhenwhileAs/WhenWhen/WhileWhen/While主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，从句表示的是一个持续性动作主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间同时进行,“一边…一边”主句--持续性动作,从句---短暂性动作主从句--几乎同时发生的短暂性动作正在发展变化的情况,“随着”“每当…的时候”(暗示一种规律性)有先后顺序表示“这时(突然)”“而”、“却”(表示对比)▲as/when+名词，构成省略句,while无此用法▲when/while+现在分词/介词短语/形容词等构成省略句，但as一般不这样用When,while和as的区别高中状语从句讲解before引导的时间状语从句◆

before引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在……之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。1.Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.2.Itwillnotbelong[beforeyouregretforwhatyou’vedone.]不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。after引导的时间状语从句◆

after引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在……之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。Afteryouuseplasticbags,youmustn’tthrowthemabout.用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。高中状语从句讲解连接词before的小结：1.Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbefore

wesawland.2．Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.3．Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.4．BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hewalkedaway.

“……才”

“不到..就”

“趁…”

“还没来得及”

从句中常含有情态动词can/could1）句型Itwillbe/was＋段时间＋before…“还要过/过了多久才……”如：Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.Itwastwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry2）句型Itwillnotbe/wasnot＋一段时间＋before…“不多久就……”如：Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.

高中状语从句讲解since引导的时间状语从句◆since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。Wehaven’tseeneachothersinceweparted/brokeup.常用句型：Ithasbeen(is)+时间段+since从句“自从……有多长时间了”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。Ithasbeen(is)sixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.高中状语从句讲解since的用法：since表从过去某一时间或动作、事情起到目前为止，“自….以来”①引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句中用一般过去时。I’vebeenlivingheresinceIcametoBeijing.IhavewrittenhomefourtimessinceIcamehere.②常用句型：itis(hasbeen)…..+since+一般过去时Itis/hasbeenfiveyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.高中状语从句讲解★since句型中如果从句谓语是延续性的动作或状态，则它所表示的时间从该动作或状态结束时算起！（否定含义）如：Itis3yearssinceIbegantosmokeIsmoked(gaveupsmoking自从我戒烟以来).(自从我开始抽烟以来).高中状语从句讲解Itis5yearssinceIhaveneverseenhimsincehejoinedthearmy.hewasasoldier.hefellill.hewasill.生病以来.病愈以来.

翻译：Ithasbeen5yearssincehelivedhere退伍以来.他离开这已经有五年时间了。高中状语从句讲解until/till引导的时间状语从句◆until/till引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到……时”，表示主句动作发生在从句之前。◆当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。I’llstayhereuntilyoucomeback.◆当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句常用否定形式。

not…until…“直到……才……”，这时until可用before替换。Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。高中状语从句讲解not….until…的倒装句和强调句。Hedidn’tstopuntilhehadfinishedallhiswork.倒装句:Notuntilhehadfinishedallhisworkdidhestop.强调句:Itwasnotuntilhehadfinishedallhisworkthathestopped.强调句句式为：Itwas/isnotuntil…that…高中状语从句讲解assoonas引导的时间状语从句◆assoonas引导的时间状语从句，译为“一…就…”，表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashecomesback.◆相当于assoonas用法的词或短语还有：immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant等.I’llgivehimyourmessagetheminutehearrives.DirectlyIhaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.高中状语从句讲解名词短语引导的时间状语从句◆themoment,theminute,theinstant,thetime,thehour,theday,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttime,anytime等也可以引导时间状语从句。IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeIsawher.Bythetimeyouarrived,thelecturehadalreadyended.Bythetimehecomes,wewillalreadyhaveleft.高中状语从句讲解Bythetime的用法这个词组常用来指到某一时间点为止，主句常用完成时态。Bythetimehewas12,___________________tomorethan30countriestogethisdiseasescured.到12岁时，他已去过30多个国家治疗疾病。BythetimeIgraduatenextyear,I___________________herefor5years.到明年毕业时，我将在这里待了5年了。Bythetimehewentabroad,_______________.=when出国那年，他14岁。hehadtraveledIwillhavelivedhewasfourteen.高中状语从句讲解1.

WheneverytimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpme.2.

Atnexttimeyoucome,dorememberbringyoursonhere.3.

ForthefirsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.4.

Youarewelcometocomebackatanytimeyouwantto.5.

AtthelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.语法规则：everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句高中状语从句讲解其他连词引导的时间状语从句◆nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely/barely…when…引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当nosooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。（情态动词/be动词/助动词提至主语前）Ihadnosoonerbeguntotalkthanherangoff.NosoonerhadIbeguntotalkthanherangoff.我还未来得及讲话，他就挂断了电话。高中状语从句讲解1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.afterC.incaseD.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumersA.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.sinceC.AsD.While4.Hewashalfwaythroughhismeal____afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while高中状语从句讲解地点状语从句用连接副词where或wherever(在任何地方)引导（可理解为特指与泛指）e.g.a.Juststaywhereyouare.b.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

c.Youcansitwhereveryoulike.

d.

Whereveryougo,I’llberightherewaitingforyou.Whenhereadsabook,hishabitistomakeamark___themeaningisuncleartohim.A.thereB.whereverC.theplaceD.inwhich2.地点状语从句高中状语从句讲解

Thereareplentyoftrees____________.我住的地方树很多。_____________Iwillbethinkingofyou.不管我在哪里我都会想到你。____________________________,Iwillberightherewaitingforyou!不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都会在这等着你！

whereIliveWhereverIamWhereveryougo,whateveryoudo高中状语从句讲解Bamboogrowswellwhereitiswarmandwet.Youmaygowhereveryoulike.

有时，-where构成的复合词也可以引导地点状语从句，如：

Everywheretheywent,theywerekindlyreceived/warmlywelcomed.We’llgoanywherethePartydirectsus.

高中状语从句讲解引导词：where，whereverI’llgowhereverhegoes.I’llgowherehewent.---Canyoutellme____youarefrom?---Itisnotimportant_____Icamefrom.A.when;wheneverB.where;whereverC.theplace;whereD.wherever;where我要去他去的地方.他去哪我就去哪.高中状语从句讲解地点状语从句与定语从句的区别1.---Wheredoyouplantowork?---I’vemadeupmymindtogo_____I’mmostneeded.A.totheplaceB.towhichC.thatD.where2.Iwillgotoacountryforaholiday____therearealotofflowersandtrees.A.intheplaceB.whereC.whichD.wherever辨析:Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.高中状语从句讲解原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句常用的连接词是：because,as,since,nowthat,for,和consideringthat,seeingthat这七个连词都用于表示表示原因,但在语气上一个比一个弱。e.g.Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.c.f.Hemightbeill,forhedidn’tcometoschool.表示“直接”原因。表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。3.原因状语从句高中状语从句讲解原因状语从句1)because表示某件事情发生的直接原因或理由。它的语气很强，因而常用来回答why的提问。在这几个连词中，它表示原因的语气最强。如：Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.2)since常表示对方已经知道的既成事实，说话人根据这个事实得出某一种结论。其语气比because要弱，一般译成“既然”。如：Sinceyouarehere,whynotstayforafewmoredays?3)as常用于表示十分明显的原因，说明因果关系，重点放在主句上，语气较弱，常译成“由于”。如：

Asit’sgettingdarker,wemustgohomenow.4)for只是一个并列连词，用于连接两个并列句，表示推理或解释，对前一个分句进行附加说明。如：

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetNowthat,seeingthat,when.高中状语从句讲解because,since,as,for的区别:because—直接原因，非推断．语气最强．回答why的问题。since–通常放句首．译为“既然”as–不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。for–放句中，引导后半句表原因,或补充推断的理由。高中状语从句讲解1.Idancedinfrontofthepeople_________Ilikedit.2.You’dbetterwearstrongshoes_____we’lldoalotofwalking.3.____hewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim.4.______everybodyknowaboutit,Idon’twanttotalkanymore.5.Hemustbeill,____heisabsentToday.6.Somepeoplebelievethat______oilisrunningout,thefateofthemotorindustryisuncertain.becauseasAsSinceforsince高中状语从句讲解1.在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，不可用as或since.2.because可以引导表语从句,而as,since不可以，这时主语一般都是it,this,that

Itwas________

hewasillthathedidn’tgowithus.

It’s_________heistoolazy.3.since表示“既然”，只能放主句前._______wehavenomoney,wecan’tbuythatvase.because用because,as,since填空becauseSince高中状语从句讲解

条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),oncondition(只要),once(一旦),incase(假使),providing/provided(that)等。e.g.a.We’llcomeovertoseeyouonSaturdayifwehavetime.b.Weshouldservethepeopleas/solongaswelive.4.条件状语从句高中状语从句讲解1.Wewillbeabletogetthereontime,____ourcardoesn’tbreakdownontheroad.assoonasB.asfarasC.aslongasD.aswellas2.Intimeofseriousaccidents,_____weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless3.____youhavetriedit,youcan’timaginehowpleasantitis.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When高中状语从句讲解____youtouchanEnglishperson,youshouldsay“sorry”._____theyaredirty,certainseasarenotabletocleanthemselves.__________wedon’tloseheart,we’llfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty.Youcanbeallowedtoplaythegame___________youfinishyourhomeworkfirst.Don’ttouchanything______yourteachertellsyouto.

IfOnceAslongasonconditionthatunless高中状语从句讲解

在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。常用引导词：though,although,evenif,eventhough,nomatter+疑问词(what/who/where/when/which/how)疑问词-ever(whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever)特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，

while(一般用在句首)，

whether…or…,whether(…)ornot5.让步状语从句高中状语从句讲解though,although◆判断以下句子是否正确：Althoughheisrich,butheisnothappy.Althoughheisrich,yetheisnothappy.Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentsstilltreatusaschildren.◆要点归纳：though,although当“虽然”讲,都不能和but连用.但是他们都可以同yet(still)连用.everif,eventhoughevenif和eventhough表示“”

即使We’llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.高中状语从句讲解as引导让步状语从句as引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的、、以及谓语中的

提前至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需

。表语状语实意动词省略Thoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.Hardas/thoughheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.Thoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Thoughyoumayobject,I’llgo.Objectasyoumay,I’llgo.高中状语从句讲解whether…or…,whether(…)ornotwhether…or…,whether…ornot表示“不论是否……”，“不管是……还是……”。其引导的从句旨在说明正反两方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.You’llhavetoattendthepartywhetheryouarefreeorbusy.while

也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，语气比though/although弱。其引导的从句一般位于

。句首例句：我尽管喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。WhileIlikeitscolor,Idon’tlikeitsshape.高中状语从句讲解nomatter+疑问词疑问词-everNomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.替换：nomatterwhat=whatever

nomatterwho=whoever

nomatterwhen=whenever

nomatterwhere=wherever

nomatterwhich=whichever

nomatterhow=however判断正误：Nomatterwhatyousayisofnousenow.Whateveryousayisofnousenow.归纳：nomatter+疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，而“疑问词+ever”则可以高中状语从句讲解____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.sinceC.BeforeD.Unless2.Theworkersaredeterminedtogothroughwiththeirrailwayproject,____theexpenseshaverisen.A.aslongasB.eventhoughC.nowthatD.asthough3.Ireallywantthematch,howevermuch______.A.doesitcostB.costsitC.willitcostD.itcosts高中状语从句讲解4.______wehavefinishedthecourse,weshallstartdoingmorerevisionwork.A.FornowB.NowthatC.BynowD.until5.______,theideaofhavingtoworkunderawomandefeatedhim.A.WantingthejobverymuchB.AlthoughwantingthejobbadlyC.ThoughhewantedthejobverymuchD.Hewantedthejobbadly高中状语从句讲解引导目的状语从句的连词:inorderthat…用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。sothata.

较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可分开，so有时可省;从句中要有情态动词,否则,就成为下一种句型：b.

无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。forfearthat;incase;lest(以免)等。6.目的状语从句高中状语从句讲解e.g.a.We’llsitnearerthefrontsothatwecanhearbetter.

b.IshallwriteitdownlestIshouldforget.注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用

soastodo…或inordertodo…e.g.Heranfastsothat

he

mightarrivetherebeforeteno’clock.→Heranfastsoastoarrivetherebeforeteno’clock.高中状语从句讲解结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由so,so…that,such…that;sothat等引导。a.

SoquicklydidherunthatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.

b.Thebusbrokedownsothatwehadtowalkhome.

c.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.★d.Hegottothestationfinally,only

to

findthetrainhadleft.7.结果状语从句高中状语从句讲解描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式状语。通常用下列词语引导:as,justas,asif,asthough,

theway(that),intheway(that)等。

a.WemustdoasthePartytellsus.

b.Leavethethingsastheyare.

c.Mostplantsneedsunlightjustastheyneedwater.

d.Itsoundsasifitisraining.

e.TheydiditinawaythatIhadneverseenbefore.

他们以我从没见过的方式行事。

f.

Aswateristofish,soairistoman.

我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水8.方式状语从句高中状语从句讲解比较状语从句常由下列词语引导：as…as,notso/as…as,more…than,less…than,themore+adj./adv.,themore+adj./adv.a.Heisnotso/ashealthyashisbrother.