新教材高中英语UNITULTURALHERITAGE突破语法大冲关案含解析新人教版必修第二册

PAGE4-UNIT1CULTURALHERITAGE限制性定语从句[观察例句]1．Hepickedabookwhosecoverisred.2．Thisistheverynovelaboutwhichwe'vetalkedsomuch.3．ThisisMr.JohnforwhomIboughtabookyesterday.4．Therecomesatimewhentheoldmustgiveawaytothenew...5．Afterlisteningtothescientistswhohadstudiedtheproblem...6．Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast...[归纳用法]一、限制性定语从句的定义起定语作用，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作限制性定语从句。从句表现为先行词在意义上是不可缺少的定语，若省略，所修饰主句的内容就不完整式失去意义，和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号与主句分开。定语从句一般置于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose；关系副词有when，where，why等。Heisateacherwhoworksatourschool.他是在我们学校工作的一位老师。Hehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany.他有两个在同一家公司工作的儿子。[名师点津]先行词与关系词1．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。2．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。3．关系词通常有下列三个作用：(1)引导定语从句；(2)代替先行词；(3)在定语从句中充当一个成分。4．关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语；关系副词在从句中作状语。[即学即练1]用适当的关系词填空①Self­drivingisanareawhereChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.②TherearetwopointswhichIwantedtomake.③Wehaveenteredintoanagewhendreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.④Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasterswhohadgreatexperienceincaringfortheseanimals.二、定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法关系代词和关系副词有连接先行词和从句、指代先行词并在从句中充当语法成分的三重作用。关系代词与关系副词的作用及用法如下：关系词先行词在从句中的作用例句who人主语、宾语Theboywhoisstandingthereismycousin.站在那儿的那个男孩是我的表弟。whom人动词的宾语(可省略)或介词的宾语Theman(whom)youmetyesterdayisMr.Smith.你昨天见的那个人是史密斯先生。whose人或物(＝ofwhom/ofwhich)作定语Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.他住在一间窗户朝南的房间里。that人或物主语、宾语或表语(可省略)Idon'tknowabouttheman(that)youmentioned.我不知道你提到的那个人。which物主语、宾语(可省略)Thepen(which)myunclegavemeismissing.我叔叔给我的那支钢笔丢了。when表示时间的名词时间状语I'llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.我将永远不会忘记我入党的那一天。where表示地点的名词地点状语Thefactorywheremyfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.我爸爸工作的那家工厂在这座城市的东部。why原因原因状语NoneofusknowthereasonwhyTomwasabsentfromthemeeting.我们都不知道汤姆缺席会议的原因。[即学即练2]用适当的关系词填空①Anyonewhohashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.②Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.③ItisthetallestbuildingthatDaminghasseeneversincehecamehere.④Thisisthereasonwhytheyareallagainsttheplan.⑤It'sthehousewhosedoorispaintedred.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Inthedarkstreet，therewasn'tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.2．Isawahouse，thewindowsofwhichwerebroken.3．Thefirstthingthathedidafterarrivinghomewasdoinghishomework.4．Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedhistrain.5．ThebookwhichIboughtlastweekwaslost.6．Heisreadingabookwhosecoverwastorn.7．IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIsawher.8．Thisisthepenwithwhichhesignedthehistoricdocument.9．Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.10．I'llneverforgetthedayswhenwespenttogetherlastsummer.Ⅱ.短文语法填空WhenIwasinseniorhighschool，Iwastiredof1.learning(learn)English.Myparentsmademejoinina30­daytraininginanEnglishclub.ButI2.missed(miss)myparentsverymuchandwantedtogohome.3.My(I)guidecommunicatedwithmefacetoface，fromwhichIgainedsomeuseful4.instructions(instruction)．Healso5.showed(show)meagoodpartner，andwegotalongwellwitheachother.6.Gradually(gradual)Iadaptedtothelifethere.EverydayIwouldliketotalktootherteenagersandtakepartinaseriesof