镇海中学2023学年第一学期期中考试高一年级英语试卷含答案解析

镇海中学2023学年第一学期期中考试高一年级英语试卷一、阅读理解(共10分)Iwasterriblyshyasachild.Icouldn’tbeartobenoticedandifIspokepeoplewouldnoticeme,soIspokeaslittleaspossible.Aboutfouryearsago,Iwashangingoutwithmyfriendsonaplayground.Inoticedtwolittlegirls,whocametoplaynearwherewewere.Theeldersisterpulledtheyoungergirlawayfromusbutcouldn’tgofar,ashersisterthrewherselfontothegroundcryingandrefusingtogetup.Iwaslongingtocomfortherbutfeltunabletodoso.ThenIthought:WhyamIwaitingforsomeonetogivemepermissiontodowhatIfeelisright?Iwentovertothelittlegirlandheldoutmyhand.Ihadmerelyintendedtohelpherupfirstbutinsteadshepulledmedownintoatighthug.Iinstantlyfeltthesurgeofheremotionsfloodthroughme.Wekneltonthegroundhuggingtightlyforwhatfeltlikealongtime;atonepointItriedtomoveawaybutshewouldn’tletmego.Theeldergirlhadrunoff,andreappearedwithamanItooktobetheirfather.Shepointedatmeaccusingly(谴责地).Itoccurredtomethathewouldprobablybeangryatastrangerhugginghischildandmightshoutatmeorevenhitme.Ithendecidedthatitdidn’tmatterifhedidhitme.Atthatmoment,theonlythingthatmatteredintheworldwascomfortingthelittlegirlinmyarms.Tomysurprise,themanwasn’tangry.Hejustnoddedandheldhisarmsouttohischild.Shecalmeddownandwenttohimwillingly.Hecarriedherawayandthesisterfollowedthem.Iwatchedthemdisappearintothecrowd.Thatday,IlearnedthatIcanspeak,andif-Ican’tspeak,Icantakeaction,whichisofteneasier.Istillfindspeakingdifficult.ButnowIknowthatifIneedto,Ican.1.Whydidtheauthorapproachthelittlegirlontheplayground?A.Toscoldherforcryingontheplayground.B.Tojoinintheplaywithherandhersister.C.Tounderstandwhyshewassoemotional.D.Tooffercomfortandassistancetoher.2.Whydidtheauthorthinkitdidn’tmatterifthefathergotangryorhitthem?A.Herfriendswouldprotecther.B.Shedidn’tcareabouttheconsequences.C.Shebelievedthefatherwasfriendly.D.Shewastryingtoimpressthelittlegirl.3.Whatisthemainmessagetheauthorwantstoconveythroughthisstory?A.Thesignificanceofseekingpermissionbeforehelpingothers.B.Thebenefitsoftakingactionandmakingadifferencetoothers.C.Thenecessityofcautionwheninteractingwithstrangers’kids.D.Theimportanceofovercomingshynessandbecomingbrave.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了害羞的作者帮助小女孩的过程和感悟。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Iwentovertothelittlegirlandheldoutmyhand.Ihadmerelyintendedtohelpherupfirstbutinsteadshepulledmedownintoatighthug.(我走向小女孩，伸出我的手。我只是想先扶她起来，但她却把我拉下来紧紧地拥抱了一下。)”和“Atthatmoment,theonlythingthatmatteredintheworldwascomfortingthelittlegirlinmyarms.(在那一刻，世界上唯一重要的事情就是安慰我怀里的小女孩。)”可知，作者在操场上接近那个小女孩是想为她提供安慰和帮助。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Itoccurredtomethathewouldprobablybeangryatastrangerhugginghischildandmightshoutatmeorevenhitme.Ithendecidedthatitdidn’tmatterifhedidhitme.Atthatmoment,theonlythingthatmatteredintheworldwascomfortingthelittlegirlinmyarms.(我突然想到，他可能会因为一个陌生人拥抱他的孩子而生气，可能会对我大喊大叫，甚至打我。然后我决定，如果他真的打了我也没关系。在那一刻，世界上唯一重要的事情就是安慰我怀里的小女孩。)”可知，作者不在乎后果，只想安慰小女孩。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Thatday,IlearnedthatIcanspeak,andif-Ican’tspeak,Icantakeaction,whichisofteneasier.Istillfindspeakingdifficult.ButnowIknowthatifIneedto,Ican.(那一天，我知道我可以说话，如果我不能说话，我可以采取行动，这通常更容易。我还是觉得说话困难。但现在我知道，如果我需要，我能做到。)”可知，作者想通过这个故事传达给读者，即使作者没有克服害羞，但是他的行动帮助了别人，因此，作者想要告诉我们采取行动并对他人产生影响的好处。故选B。Brandonwill,41,puthiswritingcareeronholdtobecomeafull-timecaregivertohismom.Hetakesheronslowwalks,tryingtoencourageherwithoutgettingfrustrated.Hearrangesphonecallswithherfriends,cleans,cooks,andhelpsherdressandbathe.Whensheisthirsty,hegetsherwater.Hismom,JaniceWill,72,hasParkinson’sdiseaseandcan’twalkunaidedacrosstheroom.“It’sveryhumbling,”Janicesays.ShefeelssadtohavetakenhimawayfromthelifehewasbuildinginNewYork.Whenshewasdiagnosed(诊断)withParkinson’sin2015,BrandonhadjustbeenofferedapublishingjobinNewYorkandthoughthecouldmanagehismom’scare.Heenvisionedfreelancing(从事自由职业)full-timewhilecaringforJanice,butParkinson’sisprogressiveandunpredictable.AfterJanicehadaseriousfallin2018,heknewhehadtoreturntotheMidwesttolivewithher.Occasionally,heturneddownjobsbecausehewasn’tsurehecouldmeetadeadlineoraskedforextensionswhenhismomhadanemergency.Whilepeoplearegenerallyunderstanding,hesays,hisexplanation“stillfeellikemydogatemyhomework”excuses.Hesayshehasnoregretsaboutbecominghismom’scaregiver,buttherearefinancialandpersonalconsequences.“Thesearemyprimeearningyears.Iwillalwaysbeworkingtocatchup,”saysBrandon.Youngercaregiversarefrequentlytornbetweenworkresponsibilitiesandcare.TheRosalynnCarterInstituteforCaregiversfoundthat23%ofcaregiversages18to44hadtoquittheirfull-timejobs,while57%hadtoreducetheirhoursandworkpart-time,accordingtoasurveyconductedin2021.Supportgroupshavebeeninvaluable.Atonemeeting,BrandonandJanicelearnedaboutaprogramcalledDancingWithParkinson’sandnowattendeachThursday.Ilovetodance,“Janicesays.Brandonalsojoinedanadvocacyorganization,CaringAcrossGenerations,andheandhismomstartedwritingtogether,postingessaysonawebsitetheycallOur-Will-Power.Brandonsayshehasputaside,fornow,aspirationstowriteyoung-adultnovelsandisworkingonamemoirabouthisinitialhesitancetobecomeacaregiver.Heplanstocallit“SeeIfICare.”4.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtoreplacetheword“envisioned”underlinedinparagraph3?A.feared B.imagined C.accepted D.prepared5.WhydoesBrandondescribehisexplanationas“stillfeellikemydogatemyhomework”?A.Toshowthathisexplanationsareclearandwell-received.B.Toshowthathefacesnochallengesinexplaininghissituation：C.Toshowthathisexplanationstillsoundslikeexcusestoothers.D.Toshowthatpeoplearegenerallyunsympathetictohissituation.6.Inthelastparagraph,howdoesBrandonandJanicedealwiththechallenges?A.Byseekingmentalsupportfromeachotherandexperiencedgroups.B.Bylaunchinganadvocacyorganizationforcaregiversandolderadults.C.BycarryingonwithBrandon’saspirationofwritingyoung-adultnovels.D.Byreadingessaysonawebsiteandstrengtheningtheirwillpower.【答案】4.B5.C6.A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作家Brandon照顾患病母亲的过程。【4题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第三段中“Heenvisionedfreelancing(从事自由职业)full-timewhilecaringforJanice,butParkinson’sisprogressiveandunpredictable.AfterJanicehadaseriousfallin2018,heknewhehadtoreturntotheMidwesttolivewithher.(他envisioned在照顾珍妮丝的同时做全职自由职业者，但帕金森病是渐进的，不可预测的。在贾尼斯2018年严重摔倒后，他知道他必须回到中西部和她一起生活。)”可知，他没办法在照顾珍妮丝的同时做全职自由职业者，这只是他的设想和打算。A.feared害怕；B.imagined想象；C.accepted接受；D.prepared准备。结合选项可知，选项B的意思合适。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Whilepeoplearegenerallyunderstanding,hesays,hisexplanation“stillfeellikemydogatemyhomework”excuses.(他说，虽然人们普遍理解，但他的解释“仍然感觉像我的狗吃了我的作业”的借口。)”可知，这种解释听起来是种借口，故布兰登把他的解释如此描述，为了表明他的解释对其他人来说仍然像是借口。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Supportgroupshavebeeninvaluable.Atonemeeting,BrandonandJanicelearnedaboutaprogramcalledDancingWithParkinson’sandnowattendeachThursday.Ilovetodance,“Janicesays.Brandonalsojoinedanadvocacyorganization,CaringAcrossGenerations,andheandhismomstartedwritingtogether,postingessaysonawebsitetheycallOur-Will-Power.Brandonsayshehasputaside,fornow,aspirationstowriteyoung-adultnovelsandisworkingonamemoirabouthisinitialhesitancetobecomeacaregiver.Heplanstocallit“SeeIfICare.”(支持团体是无价的。在一次会议上，布兰登和珍妮丝了解到一个名为“与帕金森共舞”的项目，现在他们每周四都会参加。我喜欢跳舞，”珍妮丝说。布兰登还加入了一个名为“跨代关怀”的倡导组织，他和妈妈开始一起写作，在一个名为“我们的意志力”的网站上发表文章。布兰登说，他现在已经把写青少年小说的愿望放在一边，正在写一本回忆录，讲述他最初对成为看护者的犹豫。他计划将其命名为“看我是否在乎”。)”可知，他们加入一些组织，通过寻求彼此和经验丰富的群体的心理支持。故选A。Now,newresearchsuggestsfrequentexercisemighthelpyoulivewellinanothermeaningfulway—thatis,intermsofincome.Researchersinvestigatedwhetherindividualswhostayedactivewouldearnmoremoneyasaresultoftheiractivelifestyle.Itrevealedthatstayingactivenotonlyresultedinhigherpresentearnings,butalsopredictedincreasedfutureincomethroughoutone’slife.Theresearcherssetouttoexplorethreekeycorrelations(相互关系)：Howmobility-theabilitytomove,affectedincome,howmobilityinfluencedincomeovertime,andwhetherexercisecouldhelppeoplemaintaintheirmobilityastheyaged.TheteamanalyzeddatafromHealthandRetirementStudy(HRS),thelargeststudytrackingchangesovertimeinAmericansaged50andabove.Thisstudytakesintoaccountvariouslifeaspects,includingwork,socialstatus,health,psychologyandfamilymatters,asindividualsage.Toevaluatetheimpactofcurrentmobilityonincome,theresearchersexamineddatafromover19,000respondents(调查对象)todeterminehowwelltheycouldperformsimpletasks,suchasclimbingstairs,ormovingaroundaroom.Eachpersonreceivedascore,with5indicatingfullmobilityand0indicatingdifficultieswiththesetasks.Theresearchersfoundthatforeachdecreaseinthemobilitycategory,individualslostoutonanaverageof$3,000inannualincomecomparedtotheirpeers.Thosewhowereactivewerealsosignificantlymorelikelytoremainworkingforlongerthantheothergroup.Itappearedthatengaginginexerciseenabledindividualstomaintainmobilityandengageinprofessionallifeforalongerperiodoftimethanthosewhowerelessactive.Lookingatearningsovertimerevealedevenmoresubstantialbenefitsforthosewhoremainedactivethroughouttheirlives.Activeindividualsshowedanoverallincomelevelthatwas$6,500higher,alongwithhigherratesofemployment.Forthethirdpartofthestudy,it’snotsurprisingthatthosewhoengagedinexercisecontinuedtomaintaintheirmobilityaftertheageof55andhadhigheremploymentrates.Evenexercisingjustonedayaweekshowedimprovementsinmobilityoutcomes.Whilethisstudydoesn’tdefinitivelyprovethatleadingahealthylifestyledirectlyleadstohigherearnings,itstronglysuggeststhatstayinghealthyandmobilebringsbenefitsbeyondjustlowerlevelsofdisease.7.Whatdidn’tresearcherstakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningtheirexperiment?A.Familymatters B.WorkandsocialstatusC.Healthandpsychology D.Educationalbackground8.Accordingtoparagraph3,what’stheimpactofcurrentmobilityonincome?A.IncreasedmobilityslightlyreducesannualincomeB.GreatermobilityiscloselyrelatedtohigherincomeC.DecreasedmobilitygreatlyincreasestheoverallincomeD.Maintainingmobilityhasnothingtodowiththeincome9.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsleadingahealthylifestyle?A.Favorable B.Indifferent C.Opposed D.Doubtful10.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ExerciseLowersLevelsofAllDiseasesB.ExercisePromotesWorkEfficiencyC.ExerciseHelpstoMakeMoreMoneyD.ExerciseEnsuresALongerLifespan【答案】7.D8.B9.A10.C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍新的研究表明经常锻炼不仅仅有助于降低疾病水平，还能增加收入。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thisstudytakesintoaccountvariouslifeaspects,includingwork,socialstatus,health,psychologyandfamilymatters,asindividualsage.(这项研究考虑了随着个人年龄的增长，生活的各个方面，包括工作、社会地位、健康、心理和家庭事务)”可知，研究考虑了工作，社会地位，健康、心理和家庭事务。D项“教育背景”未提及。故选D。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Theresearchersfoundthatforeachdecreaseinthemobilitycategory,individualslostoutonanaverageof$3,000inannualincomecomparedtotheirpeers.(研究人员发现，与同龄人相比，活动性每降低一次，个人的年收入就平均减少3000美元)”可知，活动性降低一个等级，收入就平均减少3000美元。由此可知，较高的活动性和较高的收入有密切的关系。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whilethisstudydoesn’tdefinitivelyprovethatleadingahealthylifestyledirectlyleadstohigherearnings,itstronglysuggeststhatstayinghealthyandmobilebringsbenefitsbeyondjustlowerlevelsofdisease.(虽然这项研究并没有明确证明健康的生活方式直接导致更高的收入，但它强烈表明，保持健康和运动带来的好处不仅仅是降低疾病水平)”推知，作者对健康的生活方非常赞同。故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段的“Now,newresearchsuggestsfrequentexercisemighthelpyoulivewellinanothermeaningfulway—thatis,intermsofincome.(现在，新的研究表明，经常锻炼可能会以另一种有意义的方式帮助你生活得更好——即在收入方面)”并结合下文用实验对此进行证明可知，文章主要介绍经常锻炼不仅仅有助于降低疾病水平，还能增加收入。因此C项“锻炼有助于赚更多的钱”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。二、七选五(共5分)HowtoTakeNotesfromaTextbookBeselective.Youshouldnotwritedowneverypieceofinformationinthebook.____11____Findingtherightbalanceofwritingenoughbutnottoomuchcanbeachallenge,butitisthekeytotakingeffectivenotes.Paraphraseinformationfromthetext.____12____Paraphrasinginformationusuallyshowsthatyoureallyunderstoodwhatyouread.Itwilllikelybemoremeaningfultoyoulaterwhenyouarereviewingyournotesifyouhavewrittentheminyourownwords.____13____Yournotesmaytakeontheformofachart.Youmightdrawyourselfatimelineofeventssothatyoucanseetheorderthatthingshappenedandnotjustalistofevents.Thenotesareyourstudyaid,soit’sbesttowritetheminawaythatmakessensetoyou.Organizeyournotesinameaningfulway.Dependingonthesubject,youmaywanttoorganizeyournotesinaparticularway.Historynotesmaybemostlogicallytakenintimeorder.Sciencenotes,however,mayneedtobetakeninaparticularorderthatshowsmasteryofoneconceptbeforemovingontothenext.____14____Addvisualelementsifithelpsyou.Visuallearnersareoftenhelpedbyvisualrepresentationsintheirownnotes.____15____Youmaywanttodrawasimplecomicstrip(连环漫画)toshowaspecificeventorinteractionbetweenpeople.Don’tletaddingvisualelementsdistractyoufromthetaskathand,butaddvisualsifitwillhelpyourememberthematerialmoreeffectively.A.Useaformatthatworksforyou.B.Usetoolstoaidyourunderstanding.C.Youmightwanttowritedownacopyofagraph(图表)insteadofwritinginformationaboutit.D.Beforeyoubeginreadingortakingnotes,previewthechapter.E.Youshouldwriteyournotesinyourownwords.F.It’salsoagoodideatoseparateyournotesindifferentfolders(文件夹)foreachclass,sotheydon’tgetmixedup.G.Norshouldyouwritedownonefactperpage,oryoumightendupwastingprecioustime.【答案】11.G12.E13.A14.F15.C【导语】这是一篇说明文。记好笔记是一种节省时间的技巧，文章主要介绍了一些记笔记的方法。【11题详解】上文“Youshouldnotwritedowneverypieceofinformationinthebook.(你不应该把书里的每一条信息都写下来)”说明不要记下所有的信息，G项“你也不应该每页写一个事实，否则你可能会浪费宝贵的时间。”与上文意思一致，说明记笔记需要注意有选择性，呼应主题。故选G。【12题详解】根据段落主题Paraphraseinformationfromthetext.可知，本段讲述改写文本中的信息。也就是说不要照抄照搬文本中的东西，要用自己的话写笔记，因此推断E项“你应该用自己的话记笔记”符合语境，故选E。【13题详解】空处为段落标题。根据下文“Yournotesmaytakeontheformofachart.Youmightdrawyourselfatimelineofeventssothatyoucanseetheorderthatthingshappenedandnotjustalistofevents.Thenotesareyourstudyaid,soit’sbesttowritetheminawaythatmakessensetoyou.(你的笔记可以采用图表的形式。你可以给自己画一个事件的时间轴，这样你就可以看到事情发生的顺序，而不仅仅是一个事件列表。这些笔记是你学习的辅助工具，所以最好用一种对你有意义的方式来写)”可知，本段建议使用一些适合自己的格式记笔记，因此推断A项“使用适合自己的格式”概况主题。故选A。【14题详解】根据标题Organizeyournotesinameaningfulway.可知，本段建议使用有意义的方式记笔记，上文“Historynotesmaybemostlogicallytakenintimeorder.Sciencenotes,however,mayneedtobetakeninaparticularorderthatshowsmasteryofoneconceptbeforemovingontothenext.(历史笔记按时间顺序可能是最有逻辑的。然而，科学笔记可能需要以特定的顺序进行记录，以显示掌握了一个概念，然后再进行下一个概念。)”举例说明了有意义的管理笔记的方式，F项“把每节课的笔记放在不同的文件夹里也是个好主意，这样就不会混淆了。”承接上文，列举了管理笔记的另一种有意义的方式。故选F。【15题详解】上文“Visuallearnersareoftenhelpedbyvisualrepresentationsintheirownnotes.(视觉学习者经常通过自己笔记中的视觉表现得到帮助)”讲述了视觉记忆对于视觉学习者的益处，C项“您可能想要用图标记录，而不是写下有关它的信息”列举了视觉记忆的一种方式，符合语境。故选C。三、完形填空(共15分)Jackiewastall,thin,lovely,andquiet.Tosaythatwewereexactoppositesisanunderstatement.Despiteourobvious____16____,webecamethebestoffriends.UnfortunatelyJackie____17____anofficewithanemployeewhowasachainsmoker.____18____Jackieneversmokedadayinherlife,itbecame____19____thatshewasnotwell.Shehadbecomeshortofbreathandhadanaggingcough.Wedidn’tthinkmuchaboutit____20____shewasdiagnosedwithlungcancer.Jackieworkedforafewmoremonthsuntilher____21____becameextremelylaboredandexhausting.Iwenttovisitherandaskediftherewasanything____22____shewanted.Shesaid,“I’vealwayslovedangels!”ItoldherthatIhadseenoneatourlocalstoreand____23____topurchaseitforher.Withtheporcelain(瓷)angel____24____nexttoherbed,herpalefaceshowedaslightsmile.At5：30onaSundaymorning,myhusbandsatstraightupinbed.Hewas____25____shakingandsaid,“Didyouhearthat?”Comingoutofa____26____sleepandtotallyconfused,Ireplied,“No,whatdidyouhear?”Hesaid,“ItwasJackie’s____27____!Shesaid,‘Goodbye,seeyoulater!’”Fiveminuteslater,thephoneonourbedsidetablerang.ItwasJackie’shusband,Morrie.Hesaid,“Jackie____28____afewminutesago.Youwereherbestfriend,andIwantedyoutoknowfirst.”Iturnedtomyhusband,andwejustlookedateachotherin____29____.Jackiehadbidusonelastfarewell.Herangelhadcometotakeherhome...ButIknew：Notevendeathitselfcan____30____truefriends.16.A.differences B.personalities C.interests D.appearances17.A.used B.shared C.occupied D.applied18.A.But B.Because C.Although D.Despite19.A.apparent B.complex C.horrible D.afraid20.A.when B.after C.while D.until21.A.reaction B.breathing C.energy D.fitness22.A.delicate B.familiar C.special D.cute23.A.headedoff B.cameoff C.keptoff D.tookoff24.A.suspended B.equipped C.installed D.placed25.A.gradually B.noticeably C.aimlessly D.occasionally26.A.comfortable B.plain C.sweet D.sound27.A.remark B.sentence C.voice D.noise28.A.diedaway B.passedaway C.leftaway D.ranaway29.A.amazement B.doubt C.relief D.anger30.A.decide B.depart C.cut D.part【答案】16.A17.B18.C19.A20.D21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.D27.C28.B29.A30.D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的朋友因为和一个烟瘾很大的员工共用一间办公室，得了肺癌。作者去给朋友买来她喜欢的天使放在床边，某天半夜，丈夫突然惊醒，说听到朋友在和他们告别，结果五分钟后就收到了朋友去世的消息。作者认为朋友的天使来接她回家了，但即使死亡也不能带走真正的朋友。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们有明显的不同，但我们成了最好的朋友。A.differences差异；B.personalities个性；C.interests兴趣；D.appearances外貌。根据上文“Tosaythatwewereexactoppositesisanunderstatement.(说我们是完全相反的人都是轻的)”可知，两人是完全不同的两种人，即存在差异，但还是成为了好朋友。故选A。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，杰克和一个烟瘾很大的员工共用一间办公室。A.used使用；B.shared分享；C.occupied占据；D.applied应用。根据后文“anofficewithanemployeewhowasachainsmoker”指和烟瘾很大的员工共用一个办公室，为短语sharewith表示“和……分享”。故选B。【18题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管杰基一生中从来没有抽过一天烟，但很明显她身体不好。A.But但是；B.Because因为；C.Although虽然；D.Despite尽管。根据下文“thatshewasnotwell”为转折关系，引导让步状语从句，应用Although。故选C。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管杰基一生中从来没有抽过一天烟，但很明显她身体不好。A.apparent明显的；B.complex复杂的；C.horrible可怕的；D.afraid害怕的。根据后文“Shehadbecomeshortofbreathandhadanaggingcough.(她变得呼吸急促，咳嗽得没完没了)”可知，她的身体明显不好了。故选A。【20题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们没有想太多，直到她被诊断出患有肺癌。A.when当……时候；B.after在……之后；C.while当……时候；D.until直到。此处为句型not...until...表示“直到……才……”。故选D。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰基又工作了几个月，直到她的呼吸变得非常吃力和疲惫。A.reaction反应；B.breathing呼吸；C.energy精力；D.fitness健康。根据后文“becameextremelylabored”结合选项，只有呼吸可以用“吃力”来形容，也呼应上文“Shehadbecomeshortofbreath(她喘不上气)”。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我去拜访她，问她是否有什么特别的东西想要。A.delicate柔和的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.special特别的；D.cute可爱的。根据后文“Shesaid,“I’vealwayslovedangels!”(她说：“我一直都很喜欢天使!”)”可知，是问朋友有没有特别想要的东西。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我告诉她我在我们当地的商店里看到了一个，于是我就去给她买了。A.headedoff前往；B.cameoff表现良好；C.keptoff远离；D.tookoff起飞。根据后文“topurchaseitforher”指作者前往商店去给朋友买她想要的天使。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：瓷制的天使放在她床边，她苍白的脸上露出一丝微笑。A.suspended悬挂；B.equipped装备；C.installed安装；D.placed放置。根据后文“nexttoherbed,herpalefaceshowedaslightsmile”可知，作者把朋友想要的东西放在了她床边，她很高兴。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他明显地颤抖着说：“你听到了吗？”A.gradually逐渐地；B.noticeably明显地；C.aimlessly无目的地；D.occasionally偶尔。根据后文“shaking”可知，丈夫半夜惊醒，明显在颤抖。故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从酣睡中醒过来，完全糊涂了，我回答说：“不，你听到了什么？”A.comfortable舒服的；B.plain朴素的；C.sweet甜蜜的；D.sound酣睡的。根据后文“No,whatdidyouhear?”可知，作者睡得很沉，没有听到声音，故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“那是杰基的声音！”A.remark言论；B.sentence句子；C.voice嗓音；D.noise噪音。根据后文“Shesaid,‘Goodbye,seeyoulater!’(她说：‘再见，再见!’”)”可知，此处指朋友的嗓音，应用voice。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说：“杰基几分钟前去世了。”A.diedaway消失；B.passedaway去世；C.leftaway离开；D.ranaway逃走。根据后文“Jackiehadbidusonelastfarewell.(杰基向我们作了最后的告别)”可知，朋友去世了。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我转向我的丈夫，我们只是惊讶地看着对方。A.amazement惊讶；B.doubt怀疑；C.relief安慰；D.anger愤怒。根据上文可知丈夫在睡梦中听到朋友和他们道别，结果朋友真的去世了，所以都很惊讶。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但我知道：即使死亡也不能分开真正的朋友。A.decide决定；B.depart启程；C.cut切割；D.part分开。根据上文“Notevendeathitselfcan”可知，作者的朋友去世了，去世之前还和作者他们告别，可知作者认为死亡也无法分开真正的朋友，作者也会在内心铭记朋友。故选D。四、单项选择(共15分)31.—Haveyoueverseen_________filmNeZha?—Yes,Ihave.Ittellsus_________differentstoryofNeZha.A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a【答案】D【详解】考查冠词。句意：——你看过电影《哪吒》吗?——是的，我看过。它向我们讲述了一个不同的哪吒故事。空1特指《哪吒》这部电影，用定冠词限定；空2表示“一个不同的故事”是泛指概念，用不定冠词限定。故选D项。32.Becauseofthelimitedtime,wewillstartatthepointweleftoffyesterday.A.and B.where C.which D.that【答案】B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于时间有限，我们将从昨天停止的地方开始。此处为定语从句修饰先行词point，从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故选B。33.Thetopiciswellworthtalkingabout.Weshall,________,returntoitinthenextlesson.A.however B.otherwise C.besides D.therefore【答案】D【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个话题很值得讨论。因此，我们将在下一课中继续讨论它。A.however然而；B.otherwise否则；C.besides此外；D.therefore因此。上下文之间是因果关系，需用副词therefore。故选D。34.Tomyfather,there’snogreaterhappinessthan_________ofsucceedinginhiscareer.A.that B.one C.it D.other【答案】A【详解】考查不定代词。句意：对我父亲来说，没有什么比他在事业取得成功更大的幸福了。浏览选项，“that”代指前面提及的同类但并非同一事物，符合语境；“one”代指前面提到的同类人或物（可数名词）中的一个；“it”表特指，代替前面提到的那个特定的事物；“other”意为“其他”，指其余的人或事物，均不符合语境。故选A项。35.Themanagerrecommendedthatthefreshgraduateachance.A.wouldbegiven B.shouldgiveC.begiven D.isgiven【答案】C【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：经理建议给应届毕业生一个机会。recommend表示建议，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，give与逻辑主语thefreshgraduate是被动关系，应该用被动语态。故选C。36.Peterwillgivemefivesweetsanapple,butinfactIdon’thaveasweettooth.A.insearchof B.inneedofC.inexchangefor D.inmemoryof【答案】C【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：彼得会给我五颗糖来换一个苹果，但事实上我不喜欢吃甜食。A.insearchof寻找；B.inneedof需要；C.inexchangefor交换；D.inmemoryof为了纪念。根据上下文，此处表示用糖果交换苹果，故选C项。37.______theirfansandviewers,allthefemalestarsdresseduptoattendtheawardspresentation.A.Havingimpressed B.Toimpress C.Impressing D.Impressed【答案】B【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为了给粉丝和观众留下深刻印象，所有的女明星都盛装出席了颁奖典礼。分析可知，句子已有谓语“dressedup”，因此所选动词“impress”应是作非谓语。结合后文句意可知，所有的女明星都盛装出席了颁奖典礼是为了给粉丝和观众留下深刻印象，应用动词不定式表目的。故选B项。38.Nowadays,foodsafetyhasbecometheofthegovernmentaswellasthesociety.A.advantage B.focus C.step D.anger【答案】B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，食品安全以及成为政府和社会关注的焦点。A.advantage优点；B.focus焦点；C.step步；D.anger愤怒。根据句意，政府和社会关注食品安全，故选B项。39.Whenthenewstudentscometo,theyshouldhold2piecesofone-inchphotos.A.signup B.takeup C.bringup D.getup【答案】A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当新生来报名时，他们必须拿着两张一英寸的照片。A.signup报名；B.takeup开始做；占据；C.bringup抚养；养育；D.getup起床。根据下文theyshouldhold2piecesofone-inchphotos可知，是报名参加某事，故选A。40.ItissaidthatthefireonSundaynightlastedaboutthreehoursthefirefighterscame.A.when B.until C.before D.after【答案】C【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：据说星期天晚上的大火持续了大约三个小时，消防员才赶来。A.when当；B.until直到；C.before在……之前，到……为止；D.after在……之后。结合句意可知，此处是指到消防队员出现为止火燃烧了3个小时左右，故应用before引导时间状语从句。故选C。41.Youshouldapersonalaccountbeforeyouenterthissystem.A.exchange B.impress C.register D.design【答案】C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在你进入这个系统之前，你应该先注册一个个人账户。A.exchange交换，交流；B.impress给……留下深刻印象；C.register注册，登记；D.design设计。根据personalaccount和enterthissystem可知，此处表示进入系统之前先注册个人账号。故选C。42.Thetraditionalartofhand-paintedceramicsthissmallvillage,andithasbeenpasseddownthroughgenerations.A.isattractedto B.isrequestedby C.issuitablefor D.isuniqueto【答案】D【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：传统的手绘陶瓷艺术是这个小村庄独有的，它代代相传。A.isattractedto被吸引到；B.isrequestedby被请求；C.issuitablefor适合于；D.isuniqueto对……独特的。根据下文“ithasbeenpasseddownthroughgenerations”可知，传统的手绘陶瓷在是这个小村庄特有的。故选D。43.TheTVseriesFlighttoYouhasreceivedalotofpositivefromtheaudience.A.comments B.previews C.revisions D.proposals【答案】A【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：电视剧《向风而行》获得了很多观众的好评。A.comments评论；B.previews预演；C.revisions修订；D.proposals提议。结合下文fromtheaudience可知，此次是指得到了观众的好评。故选A。44.Healwayspreferstocheckinwellforanstayatthehotel.A.inadvance;economic B.inadvance;economicalC.inpreparation;economic D.inpreparation;economical【答案】B【详解】考查固定短语和形容词辨析。句意：他总是喜欢提前办理入住手续，以便在旅馆住得经济实惠。inadvance提前；inpreparation在准备中；economic经济的；有利可图的；economical经济实惠的；节约的。根据句意，提前入住，为了经济实惠。故选B。45.Thissoftwareisforcreatingstunninggraphicsandanimations.A.designed B.scheduled C.arranged D.focused【答案】A【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该软件为创建令人惊叹的图形和动画而设计。A.designed设计；B.scheduled为……安排时间；C.arranged安排；D.focused集中。根据空后creatingstunninggraphicsandanimations可知，这是软件设计的目的，故此处使用固定短语bedesignedfor“设计用于，为……所设计”。故选A。五、用单词的适当形式完成短文(共1分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whenitcomestoimpressivebridges____46____(cross)overwaterways,China’sHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge(HZMB)andUnitedStates’SanFrancisco-OaklandBayBridgestandoutasremarkable____47____(project).Thetwobridgesnotonlyserve____48____vitaltransportationhubsbutalso____49____(develop)intosought-aftertouristdestinationsovertheyears,attractingvisitorsfromaroundtheworld____50____(admire)theirviewsandgrandeur.Withaspanof55kilometers,theHZMBisoneoftheworld’slongestcross-seabridges.ItlinksHongKongandMacaowithZhuhaiinsouthChina’sGuangdongProvince.Thebridgeis____51____remarkableengineeringachievement,actingnotonlyasaconvenienttransportationlinkbutalsoasabreathtakinglandmark.TheHZMBoffersmany___52___(attract)sightstotourists.Topeople’s____53____(amaze),itconnectsthreedistinctregionsso____54____(close)thatvisitorscanexplorethediversecultures,cuisinesandattractionsofHongKong,MacaoandZhuhaiinasingleday.TheSanFrancisco-OaklandBayBridgeisalandmarkoftheSanFranciscoBayArea.ThisbridgeconnectsSanFranciscoandOakland,____55____providesanidealgatewayforexploringtheregion.【答案】46.crossing47.projects48.as49.havedeveloped50.toadmire51.a52.attractive53.amazement54.closely55.which【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是中国的港珠澳大桥和美国的旧金山—奥克兰海湾大桥的相关情况。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：说到令人印象深刻的跨水道桥梁，中国的港珠澳大桥和美国的旧金山—奥克兰海湾大桥都是引人注目的项目。句中谓语是standout，空格处用非谓语动词，bridges和cross之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填crossing。【47题详解】考查名词的复数。句意：说到令人印象深刻的跨水道桥梁，中国的港珠澳大桥和美国的旧金山—奥克兰海湾大桥都是引人注目的项目。project是可数名词，此处是两个项目，因此空格处