2023年高考英语阅读理解备考策略05 阅读理解之推断及细节类题型

专题05阅读理解之推断及细节类题型

（2022•江西•金溪一中模拟预测）

MeredithJ.Eberhartcompletedthe2,190-plusmileAppalachianTrailonSunday,

becomingtheoldestpersontoholdthehonor.

Eberharthasprobablyhikedover50,000milesinhislifethoughhedoesn'Ikeeptrack.

The83-year-oldmanstartedwalkingwhenheretiredmorethan25yearsago,andnever

stopped.

Eberhartstartedthe261-day,15-statetripbackinFebruary,withthegoalofbeating

previousrecordholderDale“Greybeard“Sanders,whofinishedtheentireAppalachian

Trailattheageof82in2017.Thetrailcoversover2,190milesfromSpringerMountain,

Georgia,allthewaytoMountKatahdin,Maine.However,Eberhartbeganhisjourneyfar

fromthetrail,athishomeinFlaggMountain,Alabama.Thataddedhundredsofextramiles

totheroute.ButEberhartwasn'tworriedaboutthat.Heoncehiked4,400milesfromthe

FloridaKeystoNorthernQuebec,andanothertimefromChicagotoCaliforniaonRoute66.

Eberhartadmittedthathewasfeelinghisageandthetrailgottoughatpoints,evenfor

anexperiencedhikerlikehimself.Hefellafewtimesonslipperyrocks,andatonepointhe

gothiselbowscratched.However,theaccidentsdidn'tstophim."I'vegotacoupleof

injuriesonme,butI'mokay,“hesaid.uYou'vegottohaveincredibledeterminationtodo

this.”

Eberharthikedthetrailoutoforderinsectionssohecouldcompleteeachpartinfine

weather.Mindfulofhisage,Eberhartwalkedatarateofnomorethaneighthourseachday.

HefinishedhisjourneyinMassachusetts,wherehecelebratedwithchampagnewineand

friends.Andwhilesomepeoplethinkthiswillbehislasthike,Eberhartseemstostrongly

disagree.

1.WhatsetEberhartapartfromotherAppalachianTrailhikers?

A.Themaximumage.

B.Thelongestdistance.

C.Theminimumtime.

D.Thesteepesttrail.

2.WhichwordbestdescribesEberhart?sjourneyontheAppalachianTrail?

A.Relaxing.

B.Challenging.

C.Pleasing.

D.Appealing.

3.WhydidEberharthikethetrailsinrandomsections?

A.Toconservehisenergy.

B.Tocatchupwithotherhikers.

C.Tomakeuseofgoodweather.

D.Toavoidgettinginjured.

4.WhatcanwelearnfromEberhart*ssuccess?

A.Lifeliesinmovement.

B.AllroadsleadtoRome.

C.Hewholaughslastlaughslongest.

D.It'snevertoolatetogoafterdreams.

二.（2022•四川省内江市第六中学模拟预测）

Howfarwouldyougotomakeagoodimpressionatanewjob?Acollegestudentin

Alabamawalked32kilometresinthedarktogettohisnewjob.

ThestorybeginswithWalterCarr'scarbreakingdownthenightbeforestartinganew

job.Carrwasunabletofindaride.So,hefiguredouthowlongitwouldtaketowalkfrom

hishousetothejobinPelham—32kilometresaway.Heleftatmidnightsothathecould

makeittothecustomer?shouseby8:00amthenextmorning.

Pelhampolicesawhimwalkingalongahighwayat4:00am.So,theystoppedtoseeif

heneededhelp.Afterhearinghisstory,theytookhimtoarestaurantforbreakfastandthen

toachurchwherehecouldsafelywaituntil8:00am.ThepolicethentookCarrtothehome

ofcustomerJennyLamey.LameysaidthateventhoughCarrhadjustwalkedtheentire

night,herefusedheroffertorest.Hejustwantedtostartworking.Whileheworked,he

talkedwiththecustomer,tellingherhowmuchhelikedherkitchen.

JennyLameylaterwrotethisonFacebook:"Ijustcan'ttellyouhowtouchedIwasby

Walterandhisjourney.Heiskindandcheerfulandhehasbigdreams!Heishard-working

andtough.”ShethenstartedaGoFundMepagetohelpWalterwithmoneytogethiscar

fixed.WhentheCEOofBellhops,LukeMarklin,learnedofCarr'sstory,hedrovefrom

TennesseetoAlabamatogiveWalterhisown2014FordEscape.

WalterCarr'sstorytouchedmanyothersaroundtheUnitedStates.Withinafewdays,

peoplegaveover$73,000totheGoFundMepage.Carrhasdecidedtogiveapartofthe

donationstotheBirminghamEducationFoundation.Andhehasreceivedmoreoffersfor

jobsandscholarshipsforschools.

5.WhydidWalterCarrdecidetogotoworkonfoot?

A.Hewantedtochallengehimself.

B.Hewishedtobeontimeforthejob.

C.Hewasunabletoborrowacar.

D.Hiscarwasdamagedbeyondrepair.

6.WhatcanweinferaboutCarrfromParagraph3?

A.Hewasdevotedtohisjob.

B.Hewasblamedbyhiscustomer.

C.Hecalledthepoliceforhelp.

D.Hestartedtoworkafterashortbreak.

7.WhatkindofpersondoesLameythinkCarris?

A.Cautious.

B.Generous.

C.Ambitious.

D.Sensitive.

8.Whatmessagedoesthetextreallyconvey?

A.Onehastosufferinordertogetagoodjob.

B.Agoodimpressionissuretobringonegoodmoney.

C.Onehastogiveupsomethinginreturnfordonations.

D.Theeffortstoleaveagoodimpressionaretopayoff.

答案

（2022•江西•金溪一中模拟预测）

【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.D

【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。83岁老人埃伯哈特徒步走完2190多英里的阿巴拉契

亚小径全程，成为走完这条山地徒步线路的最年长者。

【详解】

1.细节理解题。根据第一段“MeredithJ.Eberhartcompletedthe2,190-plusmile

AppalachianTrailonSunday,becomingtheoldestpersontoholdthehonor.（上周日，

MeredithJ.Eberhart走完了2190多英里的阿帕拉契小径，成为获此殊荣的最年长

的人。）”可知，Eberhart与其他的阿帕拉契小径徒步者不同，是因为他是年龄最大

的徒步者。故选A项。

2.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Hefellafewtimesonslipperyrocks,andatonepoint

hegothiselbowscratched.However,theaccidentsdidn'tstophim."I'vegotacouple

ofinjuriesonme,butI'mokay,“hesaid."You'vegottohaveincredibledetermination

todothis.”（他在光滑的岩石上摔了几次，有一次他的胳膊肘被擦伤了。然而，事故

并没有阻止他。“我身上有几处伤，但我没事，”他说。“你必须下定决心去做这件

事”）“可知，Eberhart的旅程是具有挑战性的。故选B项。

3.细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“Eberharthikedthetrailoutoforderinsections

sohecouldcompleteeachpartinfineweather.（Eberhart把步道随即分成几部分徒步

旅行，以便在天气好的时候完成每一部分。）“可知，Eberhart要在随机的路段徒步

旅行，是为了利用最佳天气。故选C项。

4.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“MeredithJ.Eberhartcompletedthe2,

190-plusmileAppalachianTrailonSunday,becomingtheoldestpersontoholdthe

honor.（上周日，MeredithJ.Eberhart走完了2190多英里的阿帕拉契小径，成为最

年长的获此殊荣的人。）”可知，本文主要讲了83岁的Eberhart设定目标打破戴尔・桑

德斯保持的记录并获得成功，成为走完阿巴拉契亚小径的最年长者。这充分说明“追

求梦想永远为时不晚”。故选D项。

二.（2022.四川省内江市第六中学模拟预测）

【答案】5.B6.A7.C8.D

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个大学生在开始新工作的前一个

晚上，车坏了，为了能在第二天早上8点到达客户的家，他半夜就出发。他的这

份认真感动了许多人，人们纷纷伸出援助之手。

5.细节理解题。根据第二段“Carrwasunabletofindaride.So,hefiguredouthow

longitwouldtaketowalkfromhishousetothejobinPelham-32kilometresaway.

Heleftatmidnightsothathecouldmakeittothecustomer'shouseby8:00amthe

nextmorning.（Carr找不至ij车。因此，他计算出从他的家步行到32公里外的pelham

的工作地点需要多长时间。他在午夜离开，这样他就能在第二天早上8点到达客

户的家）”可知，他决定步行去工作的原因是因为他想准时工作。故选B。

6.推理判断题。根据第三段“LameysaidthateventhoughCarrhadjustwalkedthe

entirenight,herefusedheroffertorest.Hejustwantedtostartworking.Whilehe

worked,hetalkedwiththecustomer,tellingherhowmuchhelikedher

kitchen.（Lamey说，尽管Carr走了一整晚，但他拒绝了她让他休息的提议。他只

是想开始工作。他一边工作，一边和顾客聊天，告诉她他有多喜欢她