2022年高考全国乙卷英语阅读理解中的动名词讲义

高考英语阅读理解中的语法现象：动名词（全国乙卷）

原文：Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldin

shopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturersso

theycanavoidpayingthetax.

此前，制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超过一半的软饮料的含糖

量，以避免纳税.

语法现象：动名词

考点：avoidpayingthetax

/后面接动名词（不接不定式）作宾语的T4个常用动词

admit/appreciate/avoid/consider/deny/discuss/escape

/excuse/fancy/imagine/mention/risk/suggest/understand

/advise/consider/include/delay/practice/resist

/含动名词的惯用表现

1.ThereisnoVing....是无法做到的

Thereisnotellingwhatwillhappennext.我们无法预知

未来

TellAfromB分辨A和B

Thereisnoaccountingfortastes.人的好恶是无法解释的

=Itisimpossibletoaccountfortastes.

=Wecannotaccountfortastes.

2.Itisnouse/goodVing…是没有用的

Itisnousecryingoverspilled/spiltmilk.覆水难收

3.feellikeVing想要like（prep.）

feellikeN感觉/摸起来像什么/想要

Ifeellikeadrink=Ifeellikedrinking/havingadrink

=1wantahaveadrink.

=1wouldliketohaveadrink.

4.CannothelpVing

IcouldnthelplaughingwhenIsawhishaircut.

=1couldn'tbutlaughwhenIsawhishaircut.

WhenIheardthenews,Icouldn'tbutcry.

WhenIheardthenews,Icouldn'thelpcrying.

WhenIheardthenews,Icouldn'thelpbutcry.

5.BeworthVing

Whateverisworthdoingisworthdoingwell.

=Nomatterwhatisworthdoingisworthdoingwell

只要有一点值得做的事情就值得好好做

Thisbookisworthreading.

=Itisworth(your)whilereading/toreadthebook.

6.Onving一…就•••

Oncominghome,heswitchedontheTV.

Assoonashecamehome,heswitchedontheTV.

7.InVing当••时=when/while

Islippedingettingoffthetrain.

=1slippedwhen/whileIwasgettingoffthetrain.

8.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…不用说•••

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatourplansdependontheweather.

^Needlesstosay,ourplansdependontheweather.

9.WhatdoyousayVing....如何?

Whatdoyousaytotakingawalkbythesea?

Howabouttakingawalkbythesea?

Whatabouttakingawalkbythesea?

10.Need,want,deserve,stand等+Ving＞被动

Thiswatchneedsrepairing.

Thechildwantsscolding.这孩子需要被骂.

Hedeserveshelping.他值得别人帮忙

Youdeserveit.名至实归/罪有应得

Thisclothdoesnotstand/bearwashing.这块布禁不起洗.

/下列皆为“动词（十名词/形容词/副词）+介词”结构,其后

如果出现非谓语动词形式,只能用动名词,其中的t。皆为介

词,而不是不定式符号。

①admitto承认

Sheadmittedtohavingstolenthecar.

她供认偷了那辆轿车。

②beequalto能胜任

Isheequaltodoingthetask?

他能胜任这项任务吗？

③lookforwardto盼望

Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.

盼望着收到你的信。

④getdownto开始做

Let，sgetdowntobusiness.

咱们开始干正事吧。

⑤stickto坚持

Whydidn，tshesticktodancingasacareer?

她为什么不坚持以舞蹈为职业呢？

⑥taketo喜欢；开始定期做

WhendidEmmataketosmoking?

艾玛是在什么时候开始抽烟的呢？

/动名词专项训练

1.Ireallyappreciatetorelaxwithyouonthisnice

island.

A.tohavehadtimeB.havingtimeC.tohavetimeD.to

havingtime

2.Fishingishisfavoritehobby,and.

A.he'dliketocollectcoinsaswell

B.hefeelslikecollectingcoins,too

C.tocollectcoinsisalsohishobby

I),collectingcoinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure

3.tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmto

one'sskin.

A.ExposedB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.After

beingexposed

4.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto

A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethief

C.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught

5.themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealof

encouragement.

A.ThepresidentwillattendB.Thepresidenttoattend

C.ThepresidentattendedD.Thepresident?s

attending

6.Victorapologizedfortoinformmeofthechange

intheplan.

A.hisbeingnotableB.himnottobeableC.hisnot

beingableD.himtobenotable

7.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhe

couldn'triskthegoodopportunity.

A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglost

8.Accustomedtothesteepmountains,hehadno

difficultyreachingthetop.

A.climbingB.climbC.havingclimbedD.have

climed

9.Eugene'sneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.

It,snousewithhim.

A.toargueB.arguingC.arguedD.havingargued

10.Theparentssuggestedinthehotelroombuttheir

kidswereanxioustocampoutduringthetrip.

A.sleepB.tosleepC.sleepingD.havingslept

11.Allthestaffinourcompanyareconsideringtothe

citycentreforthefashionshow.

A.togoB.goingC.tohavegoneD.havinggone

参考答案

1.选B。本题考的是动名词做宾语。因为appreciate后面只跟

名词、动名词或宾语从句，不能跟不定式。

2.选D。本句考查的是句子的对称。用and连接的两个部分应该

是对称的。因为前半句用动名词做主语，那么后半句也对应地用

动名词作主语，这样的结构比较好。

3.选C。本题考非谓语动词作主语。在非谓语动词中，只有动名

词和不定式能做主语，分词不能做主语。另外，根据意思“被长

时间地暴露在阳光下会对人的皮肤有害”，所以要选动名词的被

动形式。

4.选C。本题考动名词的复合结构。因为词组leadto（句中是

ledto）的to是介词，后面要跟动名词，同时还考虑到thethief

与动词catch的关系是动宾关系，所以要用动名词的被动形式。

5.选D。通读全题，发现本句缺少主语，而所给的选项中，只有

D合适，即动名词作主语。A,I）两项是从句，但没有连词，所

以不行。

6.选C。本题考动名词的复合结构及否定形式。在介词for后跟

的是用动名词复合结构的宾语，所以B,D两项排除。动名词的

否定，not要放在doing之前，所以A项错误。

7.选B。本题考非谓语动词作宾语。在动词risk之后，习惯用

-ing分词作宾语，所以A、C两项不考虑。而空格后面有thegood

opport