2023年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷（全国甲卷）（解析版）

2023年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷（全国甲卷）

全解全析

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标

号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题

时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试

卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和

阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Reserveacheaphotel.

B.GotoMexicoonbusiness.

C.Relaxandenjoyhimself

1.C

【原文】M:Ineedavacation.Ihaven'thadadayoffineightmonths.Ifsabout

timeIdidsomethingfun.

W:Iagree.You'vebeenworkinghardlately.Whydon'twegotoMexico?Ican

getusagooddealonahotel.

2.Whatwillthewomanget?

A.Carpetcleaner.B.Apapertowel.C.Aglassofwine.

2.B

［原文］W:Ijustspilledredwineonthecarpet.Doyouhaveanycarpetcleaner?

M:No,Ijustranout.Getapapertowelandtrytogetthestainoutwithwaterand

somesalt.Hurry!

3.Whoisthewoman?

A.She9sateacher.B.She9sastudent.C.She9sanassistant.

3.A

【原文】W:Mark,pleasebequiet.We'reinthemiddleofatest.Ifyouneed

something,ourteachingassistantBrittanyisheretohelpyou.

M:Sorry,Mrs.Smith.Susieaskedtoborrowapen,andIwasjusttellingherI

don'thaveanextraone.

4.Wherearethespeakersheaded?

A.Toaswimmingpool.B.Tothebeach.C.Toarestaurant.

4.B

【原文】M:Ifyougrabthetowels,Tilgetthesunglasses.

W:Okay.Doyouhaveeverythingelseyouneed?Abathingsuit?Yoursurfboard?

M:Yes,everything'sinthecaralready.Ialsopackedsomesandwichesincase

we5rehungrylater.

5.Whyisthemuseumofgreatsignificance?

A.It'samuseumforoldart.

B.Itwillbebuiltonasmallisland.

C.It'sthefirstofitskindinIndonesia.

5.C

【原文】M:Indonesiaisopeningitsfirstinternationalmodemartmuseumin

2017.It'sgoingtobecalledtheMuseumMACAN,whichisshortforMuseumof

ModemandContemporaryArtinNusantara.

W:Whatdoestheword"nusantara"mean?

M:It'sanIndonesiantermfbragroupofislands.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、

B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各

个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对

话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。

6.Howmuchdoesanentranceticketcost?

A.Twodollars.B.Fivedollars.C.Sevendollars.

7.Howdoesthewomanpay?

A.Incash.B.Bycheque.C.Bycreditcard.

6.B7,A

［原文］W:rdlikeatickettothefair,please.

M:OK.Thisisanentranceticketonly.Ifyou'dliketogotothepettingzooorthe

horseride,therewillbeanextrafee.

W:Howmuchdothosecost?

M:Thepettingzoois$2,andthehorserideis$3.

W:rilbuyatickettothepettingzooaswell,please.

M:Yourtotalcomesto$7.

W:Doyoutakecreditcards?

M:No,wetakecashonly.

W:Okay,hereyougo.

听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。

8.Wheredidthetomatosaucecomefrom?

A.Alocalfarm.

B.Astoreonlyfivemilesaway.

C.Theman'sowntomatoes

9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofcooking?

A.Sheenjoysit.

B・Itmakesherfeelcreative.

C.Shedoesn'thavethepatienceforit.

8.C9.C

【原文】M:Imadeusapizzafbrtonight\dinner.Ibakedapplepie,madethe

tomatosaucefromourtomatoesinthebackyard,andIboughtthecheesefroma

localfarmaboutfivemilesaway.

W:Yum!Ican'twaittoeatit.You'vebeencookingalotlately.Whythechange?

M:Fvegottenreallyintowatchingcookingshows.Tvebeeninterestedin

cookingforalongtime,butIjustdecidedtogiveitatryrecently.

W:I'manokaycook,butIdon'tenjoyitverymuch.Ittakesalotofpatience,

whichIdon'thave.

下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。

10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Interviewerandinterviewee.

B-Husbandandwife.

C.Neighbors.

11.Wheredidthemangotocollege?

A.InWashington.B.InTexas.C.InNebraska.

12.Whatisthewoman'sjob?

A・Sheisacomputerprogrammer.

B.Sheisabanker.

C.Sheisanartist.

10.C11.A12.B

［原文］W:Hello.MynameisChristina.Tmjuststoppingbytobringyousome

cookiesandtointroducemyself.

M:Hi,Christina.TmBryce.Ifsverynicetomeetyou.Pleasecomein.

W:Sure.

M:Thankyouforthecookies.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?

W:Waterisfine.Thankyou.

M:Hereyougo.Takeaseat.So,wherewereyoulivingbefore?

W:MyhusbandandIwerelivinginNebraska,buthegotajobouthere,sothat's

whywemoved.TveneverbeentotheWestCoastbefore.IloveWashingtonso

far.

M:FvebeeninWashingtonfortenyearsnow.IwasborninTexasandcameout

herefbrcollege.I'vestayedeversince.

W:Whatdoyoudoforwork?

M:Tmacomputerprogrammer.It9sagoodjob,butmyrealpassioninlifeis

makingfurniture.

W:That'sinteresting.Idoalotofpaintinginmysparetime,althoughI'ma

bankerduringtheday.

听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。

13.WhatdidFitbitsayabouttherecentstudy?

A.Itwasfalse.

B.Ithurttheirbusiness.

C.Theyhadnocomment.

14.WhendoesthemanusehisFitbit?

A.Onlywhenhe'sexercising.

B.Duringthedaytime.

C.Allthetime.

15.WhatdoesthemanthinkofhisFitbit?

A.It'ssometimesuncomfortabletowear.

B.It'sofgoodvalue.

C.It'soflittleuse.

16.Howdoesthewomansound?

A.Interested.B.Bored.C.Upset.

13.A14.C15.B16.A

【原文】W:Whatareyouwearing?

M:AFitbit.It9sawatchthathelpsmekeeptrackofmyhealth.

W:Howaccuratedoyouthinkitactuallyis?

M:I'mnotsure.IreadastudyrecentlythatsaidtheFitbifsheartratemonitor

doesn'tdoagi*eatjobatmeasuringyourheartbeatduringphysicalactivity.It

givesahigherreadingthanitshould.

W:Oh,Ithoughtitwouldhavebeentheotherwayaround.

M:Metoo.Ofcourse,Fitbitwasveryupsetbythestudyandsaiditwasn'ttrue.

W:Well,astudylikethatwillprobablyreallyhurtitsbusiness.

M:Well,theirproductsareverypopular,sopeoplewillstillmostlikelybuythem.

W:DoyouwearyourFitbitoften,orjustwhenyou'reexercising?

M:Iwearitallday,everyday.IevenwearitwhenI'msleeping.

W:Wow,that'simpressive.Isn'tituncomfortable?

M:No,notatall.

W:MaybeIshouldgetone.

M:Youshould.Ireallylikemine.Therearemanydifferentkindsyoucanchoose

from.They'reexpensive,butIthinkthey'reworththemoney.

听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。

17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

A.Asearchengine.

B.Alanguageprogram.

C.Afreelessonwebsiteforteachers.

18.HowmanypeopleuseDuolingocurrently?

A.Overonehundredmillion.

B.Afewhundredthousand.

C.Severalthousand.

19.WhereisLuisvonAhnfrom?

A.Switzerland.B.Guatemala.C.CostaRica.

20.HowwasDuolingooriginallyfunded?

A.Bybigwebsites.B.Byanactor.C.Byschool.

17.B18.A19.B20.A

【原文】

Duolingoisafreelanguage-learningwebsiteandapp.Itoffersad-free

coursesforthosewhowanttolearnanewlanguage.Asof2016,Duolingohas

fifty-ninedifferentlanguagecoursesfortwenty-threelanguages.Over120million

peopleareregisteredwiththeprogram.Duolingowascreatedin2011by

ProfessorLuisvonAhnandhisgraduatestudentSeverinHacker,whowasbornin

Switzerland.Prof.LuisvonAhnwasborninGuatemala,andhewasupsetbyhow

expensiveitwasforpeopleinhistowntolearnEnglish.Hewantedtocreatea

programthatofferedfreeeducationtoanyoneintheworld.Becausemostofthe

servicesareavailablefreeofcharge,Duolingooriginallyusedaspecialbusiness

modeltomakemoney.Membersofthepublicwereabletotranslatecontentand

voteoncorrecttranslations.Thecontentcamefromlargewebsitessuchas

BuzzFeedandCNN.com,whichpaidDuolingototranslatetheirwebpages.Many

privateinvestorshavegivenmoneytothecompany,includingactorAshton

Kutcher'sfirm.DuolingohasalsobeenusedinpublicschoolsinCostaRicaand

Guatemala.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

EXPERIENCECOLUMBIA

HOTATTRACTIONS

♦RIVERBANKSZOO&GARDEN

Itishometomorethan2,000animalsandoneofthenation'smostbeautiful

botanicalgardens.Withmorethan350speciesfromaroundtheworld,Riverbanks

Zooisoneofthelargestmid-sizedzoosinthecountry.

Hours:9:00a.m.——5:00p.m.daily.

Admission:Adults(13—61)$19.95

Children(2—12)$16.95

♦EDVENTURE

TheSouth'slargestchildren'smuseumhas300exhibitstoinspirechildrento

experiencethejoyoflearning.WhereelsebutEdVenturecanchildrendriveareal

firetruck,anchorthenewsorvisitanothercountry?

Hours:Monday-Sunday9am.—5pm.

Admission:MembersFree

ChildrenandAdults:$11.95

♦SOUTHCAROLINASTATEMUSEUM

ThestoriesofSouthCarolinacomealivethroughtheexhibitsandcollections

oftheStateMuseum.Plus,anew4-Dtheaterprovidespopularmoviesthatexcite

allages.Museummembersareinvitedtonight-skyobservingandmoreon

Tuesdaynights!

Hours:Mon.Wed.—Fri.:10am.—5pm.

Tues.:10am.—10pm.

Sat.:10am.一6pm.

Sun.:Noon一5pm.

Admission:Adults(13―61)$8.95

Children(3—12):$6.95

♦SALUDASHOALSPARK

SaludaShoalsParkisasensitiveriverfrontparkthatinvitesvisitorsto

experiencethetreasuresoftheSaludaRiverthroughexceptionaleducationaland

culturalopportunities.

Fun-filledFamilyActivitiesNightly!(exceptThanksgiving,ChristmasEve

andChristmasnight)

Freeforactivities:applywithHolidayLightsadmission($20/car;

$40/15-passengervehicle;$60/bus).

【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四个哥伦比亚热门景点的相关信息。

21.Howmuchshouldayoungcouplewitha2-year-oldsonpaytoenjoyvarious

plantsandanimals?

A.$24.85.B.$39.9.C.$56.85.D.$35.85.

21.C.细节理解题。由RIVERBANKSZOO&GARDEN中的“Itishometo

morethan2,000animalsandoneofthenation'smostbeautifulbotanicalgardens.

(它是2000多种动物的家园，也是美国最美丽的植物园之•广和“Admission:

Adults(13—61)$19.95Children(2—12)$16.95(门票：成人(13-61)$19.

95儿童(2-12岁)$16.95)”可知，欣赏各种植物和动物可以去RIVERBANKS

ZOO&GARDEN,一对带着2岁儿子的年轻夫妇应该支付

$19・95+$19・95+$16.95二$56.85。故选C项。

22.Whichattractionbestsuitsachildinterestedinbroadcastingnews?

A.TheStateMuseum.B.EdVenture.

C.SaludaShoalsPark.D.RiverbanksZoo&Garden.

22.B.细节理解题。由EDVENTURE中的“WhereelsebutEdVenturecan

childrendrivearealfiretruck,anchorthenewsorvisitanothercountry?(除了

EdVenture,孩子们还能在哪里开真正的消防车、播报新闻或访问其他国家广

可知，EdVenture最适合对广播新闻感兴趣的孩子。故选B项。

23.WhichofthefollowingisavailabletoalltouristsintheStateMuseum?

A.Enjoyingfreefamilyactivitieseverynight.

B.VisitingtheexhibitsonSundaymorning.

C.Havingafantastic4-Dvisualfeast.

D.ObservingtheamazingnightskyonTuesdaynights.

23.C.细节理解题。由SOUTHCAROLINASTATEMUSEUM中的“Plus,a

new4-Dtheaterprovidespopularmoviesthatexciteallages.(止匕夕卜，——家新的四

维影院提供了老少皆宜的热门电影)“可知，在StateMuseum所有游客都可以

享受美妙的四维视觉盛宴。故选C项。

B

HorsebackridingmightnotseemlikeatypicalNewYorkCityactivity,but

oneprogramhasseveralhorsefarmsthroughoutthecity'sbusydistricts.

GallopNYCprovideslessonstoveterans（老兵）andpeoplewithdisabilities—

horsebackridingistheirtherapy（疗法）.

OliviaDivervisitstheGallopNYClocationintheHowardBeach

neighborhoodinQueens.Diverhasonlybeenridinghorsesforafewmonths,but

saysshe'salreadyfeltthebenefits.uIthelpedmecomeoutofmycomfortzone

andbelessshyandlessinmyshell,“shesaid.Tryingsomethingnewshowsher

shecanaccomplishotherthingsaswell.

JamesWilson,executivedirectoratGallopNYC,saystherearemanyways

horsescanbetherapeutic.uThehorseseestheworldinthewaysomebodywith

post-traumaticstressdisor-der（PTSD）mightseetheworld,inareallyguarded,

sortofanxiousway,“heexplained.ctSo,somebodywithPTSDandahorsecan

sortofpartnertogetherandseetheworldinthesamewayandkindoftakecareof

eachother."Horsescanalsohelpwithphysicaldisabilities.Aftertwoyearsof

therapeuticriding,ateenager,whohadsolittlecorestrengththathismotherhad

tobeinthebathtubwithhim,hadenoughcorestrengththathecouldbeinthe

showerbyhimself.Wilsonsaid,"Themovementofthehorsewillloosenup

musclesthatmightbereallytight.Andthemovementhelpsstimulateotherbody

partsandothermusclesthatyoumightnotuse.”

"CallopNYChasabout1,000peopleoniswaitlistforlessons,butprioritizes

peoplewithdisabilitiesandveterans.Webelievethateverybodybenefitsfromthe

timeonahorse,soifyouwanttorideahorse,comeon,let'sgoJWilsonsaid.

Lessonsare$55,butthenon-profitfundraisestohelpcoverorlowerthecostfor

customerswhomayneedsupport.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了GallopNYC为退伍军人和残疾人

提供的课程，该课程使用骑马作为治疗方法。

24.WhydoesGallopNYCofferthelessons?

A.TomakehorseridingtypicalinNYC.

B.Toprovidepart-timejobsforveterans.

C.Topromotedisabledpeople'sincomes.

D.Toofferacuretospecialgroups.

24.D.细节理解题。根据第一段中“GallopNYCprovideslessonstoveterans（老

兵）andpeoplewithdisabilities——horsebackridingistheirtherapy（疗

法）.（GallopNYC为退伍军人和残疾人提供课程——骑马是他们的治疗方法）”

和第三段中“So,somebodywithPTSDandahorsecansortofpartnertogether

andseetheworldinthesamewayandkindoftakecareofeachother.（因此，患有

创伤后应激障碍的人和一匹马可以在某种程度上成为伴侣，以同样的方式看

待世界，并互相照顾户可知，GallopNYC提供骑马课程是为了给特殊群体提

供治疗方法。故选D。

25.WhatcanweinferaboutOliviaDiver?

A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.

B.Shehasfoundhercomfortzone.

C.Shehasgainedmuchconfidence.

D.Shehaschangedherattitudetohorses.

25.C.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Tryingsomethingnewshowshershecan

accomplishotherthingsaswell.（尝试新事物让她知道她也能完成其他事情）”可

知，OliviaDiver通过骑马获得了很多自信。故选C。

26.Whatdoesparagraph3intendtoshow?

A.GallopNYC'sleader.B.Theeffectofthetherapy.

C.ProfitJamesWilsonhasgot.D.Waysofguardingpeople'sanxiety.

26.B.推理判断题。根据第三段内容，结合首句"JamesWilson,executive

directoratGallopNYC,saystherearemanywayshorsescanbe

therapeutic.（GallopNYC的执行董事JamesWilson表示，马有很多疗效广以及

"Horsescanalsohelpwithphysicaldisabilities.（马还可以帮助身体残疾）“可知，

本段旨在表明骑马疗法的效果。故选B。

27.WhatdoesWilsonthinkoftheprogramaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itishighlyprofitable.

C.Itneedstobemorecreative.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.

27.A.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“CallopNYChasabout1,000peopleonis

waitlistforlessons（CallopNYC有大约1000人在等待课程的名单上）”可知，

Wilson认为这个项目深受欢迎。故选A。

C

AccordingtotheSolarEnergyIndustryAssociation,thenumberofsolar

panelsinstalled（安装）hasgrownrapidlyinthepastdecade,andithastogrow

evenfastertomeetclimategoals.Butallofthatgrowthwilltakeupalotofspace,

andthoughmoreandmorepeopleaccepttheconceptofsolarenergy,fewlike

largesolarpanelstobeinstallednearthem.

Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaplyaspossible,so

theyhaven'tgivenmuchthoughttowhattheyputunderthem.Often,they'llend

upfillingtheareawithsmallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.The

resultisthatmanycommunities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsas

destroyersofthesoil.

“Solarprojectsneedtobegoodneighbors,saysJordanMacknick,thehead

oftheInnovativeSitePreparationandImpactReductionsonthe

Environment(InSPIRE)project."Theyneedtobeprotectorsofthelandand

contributetotheagriculturaleconomy.^^InSPIREisinvestigatingpractical

approachesto"low-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishing

andoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.Oneoftheeasiest

low-impactsolarstrategiesisprovidinghabitatforpollinators(传粉昆虫).

Habitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechangehavecauseddramaticdeclines

inpollinatorpopulationsoverthepastcoupleofdecades,whichhasdamagedthe

U.S.agriculturaleconomy.Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopollinator

habitatprotectionandpesticideuse.Conservationorganizationsputout

pollinator-friendlinessguidelinesforhomegardens,businesses,schools,

cities—andnowthereareguidelinesfbrsolarfarms.

Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthe

spaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpollinators,

resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbonreduction."Thesepollinator-friendly

solarfarmscanhaveavaluableimpactoneverythingthat'sgoingoninthe

landscape,saysMacknick.

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型

的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业

的发展。

28.Whatdosolardevelopersoftenignore?

A.Thedeclineinthedemandfbrsolarenergy.

B.Thenegativeimpactofinstallingsolarpanels.

C.Therisinglaborcostofbuildingsolarfarms.

D.Themostrecentadvancesinsolartechnology.

28.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often,they'llendupfillingtheareawith

smallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.Theresultisthatmany

communities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthe

soil.（通常，他们最终会用小石头填满该地区，并使用化学物质来控制杂草。

结果是，许多社区，特别是在农业地区，将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者。）”

可知，太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题，导

致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者，由此可以推断，开发者在安装太

阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。故选B项。

29.WhatdoesInSPIREaimtodo?

A.Improvetheproductivityoflocalfarms.

B•Inventnewmethodsforcontrollingweeds.

C.Makesolarprojectsenvironmentallyfriendly.

D.Promotetheuseofsolarenergyinruralareas.

29.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproaches

to“low-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperating

solarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.（InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳

能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农

场。户可知，InSPIRE采用有好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使得

太阳能农场更加环保。故选C项。

30.Whatisthepurposeofthelawsmentionedinparagraph4?

A・Toconservepollinators.B.Torestrictsolardevelopment.

C.Todiversifytheeconomy.D.Toensurethesupplyofenergy.

30.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedto

pollinatorhabitatprotectionandpesticideuse.（超过28个州通过了与传粉媒介

栖息地保护和农药使用有关的法律。户可知，这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖

息地和农药使用相关，所以这些法律的目的是保护授粉者。故选A项。

31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Pollinators:ToLeaveortoStayB.SolarEnergy:HopefortheFuture

C.InSPIRE:ALeaderinAgricultureD.SolarFarms:ANewDevelopment

31.主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarm

developershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterfbr

variouskindsofpollinators,resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbon

reduction.（在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间

改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。）”可知，

现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳

能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太

阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选D项。

D

Theexpression“athirstfbrknowledge"maysoonhaveanewmeaningfbr

millionsofpeoplewhohavenowaytogetcleanwater.Researchershave

developedabookwithspeciallytreatedpagesthatcanturndirtywaterintoclean

anddrinkablewater.Theysaytheirinventioncouldimprovethelivesofmanyin

thedevelopingworld.

About700millionpeoplearoundtheworldareatriskofdiseaseorevendeath

becausetheirdrinkingwaterisnotclean.Thewaterispollutedbyharmful

bacteria.

Thebookcontains25pages.Eachpageisaboutonemillimeterthick.The

pagescontainverysmallparticles（微粒）ofsilver.Thepagescanbeusedas

filters（过滤器）toremoveharmfulmicroorganisms（微生物）thatcanpollute

drinkingwater.Thefilterkillstheorganismsthatpassthroughit.

Picturesonthepagesshowthedangersofdirtywaterandhowtousethe

bookfbrthoseunabletoread.Thepagesaremadeoffilterpaper.Theyare

designedtobetomfromthebook.Watercanbepouredthroughthepapertobe

cleaned.

Ms.Dankovich,theinventor,sayseachpagecantreatupto100litersof

water.SherecentlypresentedherinventionatthemeetingoftheAmerican

ChemicalSocietyinBoston,Massachusetts.Shewasaskedwhethershehad

consideredaddingclassicliteratureonthebook'spages.

“Theideaofclassictexts-that'sofinterestmaybelater.Wehavediscusseda

littlebitmoreexcitingtext.Butwereallyhaven'thadthetimetogothroughthat

part,"shesays.

TeriDankovichandanotherresearchertestedthedrinkablebookin

Bangladesh,GhanaandSouthAfrica.Thetestsprovedtobesuccessful.

WaterforLife,anon-governmentalorganization,hasprovidedfinancial

supportfortheproject.

【分析】这是一篇说明文。如今许多地方的水被污染，对人们的健康造成了

很大的危害。文章给我们介绍了一种能过滤水中有害物质的书，并成功通过

了测试。

32.Whatdowelearnaboutthebookfromthetext?

A.Ithaspageswithseveralfunctions.

B.Itisaboutenvironmentprotection.

C.Itsellswellaroundtheworld.

D.Itcantreatabout100litersofwater.

32.推理判断题。根据第三段Thebookcontains25pages.Eachpageisabout

onemillimeterthick.Thepagescontainverysmallparticles（微粒）ofsilver.The

pagescanbeusedasfilters（过滤器）toremoveharmfulmicroorganisms（微生物）

thatcanpollutedrinkingwater.Thefilterkillstheorganismsthatpassthrough

it.”这本书有25页。每一页大约一毫米厚。书页中含有非常小的银粒子。这

些纸可以用作过滤器，去除可能污染饮用水的有害微生物。过滤器杀死了通

过它的有机体。”可知，这本书是关于环境保护的。故选B。

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"thatpart"inParagraph6referto?

A.Classictexts.B.Excitingdiscussion.

C.Inventionpresentation.D.Financialsupport.

33.词义猜测题。根据句中Theideaofclassictexts-that'sofinterestmaybelater.

可知本段在讲经典课文不如令人兴奋的课文吸引人，此处thatpart指classic

textso故选A。

34.Inwhichcountrydidnottheresearcherstestthedrinkablebook?

A.GhanaB.Bangladesh.

C.SouthAfrica.D.America.

34.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段TeriDankovichandanotherresearchertested

thedrinkablebookinBangladesh,GhanaandSouthAfrica/'TeriDankovich和另

一名研究人员在孟加拉国、加纳和南非测试了这本可饮用的书。”可知A/B/C

都涉及到了，只有D没提到。故选D。

35.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Researchershavefoundawaytosavethosebeingill.

B.Bookpagescouldprovidesafedrinkingwater.

C.Knowledgeisasimportantasdrinkablewater.

D.Millionsofpeopleareingreatneedofdrinkablewater.

35.主旨大意题。根据第一段中Researchershavedevelopedabookwith

speciallytreatedpagesthatcanturndirtywaterintocleananddrinkablewater.

Theysaytheirinventioncouldimprovethelivesofmanyinthedeveloping

world.“研究人员开发了一种经过特殊处理的书，可以把脏水变成干净的饮用

水。他们说他们的发明可以改善许多发展中国家的生活。”由此可知，Book

pages可以提供安全的饮用水。故选B。

第二节（其5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有

两项为多余选项。

Howmuchtimedoyouspenddoingresearchbeforeyoumakeadecision?

Therearepeoplewhogoovereverydetailexhaustivelybeforemakingachoice.

36Psychologistscallthiswayofthinkingacognitivebias（偏见）,a

tendencytowardaspecificmentalmistake.

Tostudy’jumping"，weexamineddecision-makingpatternsamongmore

than600peoplefromthegeneralpopulation.Wefoundthatjumpersmademore

errorsthannon-jumpersonproblemsthatrequirethoughtfulanalysis.

37InaquizaboutUScivics,theyoverestimatedthechancethattheir

answerswererightsignificantlymorethanotherparticipantsdid-evenwhen

theiranswerswerewrong.

Sowhatisbehind’jumping"?Psychologicalresearcherscommonly

distinguishbetweentwopathwaysofthought:automaticsystem,whichreflects

ideasthatcometothemindeasily,spontaneouslyandwithouteffort,and

controlledsystemincludingconsciousandeffortfulreasoning.Jumpersand

nonjumpersareequallyinfluencedbyautomaticthoughts.38

Itisthecontrolledsystemthathelpspeoplecounterbalancementalbiases

introducedbytheautomaticsystem.Asaresult,jumpersweremorelikelyto

accepttheconclusionsmadeatfirstblushwithoutfurtherquestioning.Alackof

controlledthinkingisalsomorebroadlyconnectedtotheirproblematicbeliefs

andfaultyreasoning.

39Amethodcalledmetacognitivetrainingcanbeusedtotarget

theirbiases,whichcanhelppeoplethinkmoredeliberatively.Inthistraining,

participantsareconfrontedwiththeirownbiases.Theycanlearnaboutthe

misstepsandotherwaysofthinkingthroughtheproblemathand.Ithelpstochip

awayatparticipants9overconfidence.

Ineverydaylife,thequestionofwhetherweshouldthinkthingsthroughor

insteadgowithourgutisafrequentandimportantone.40Sometimes

themostimportantdecisionwemakecanbetotakesomemoretimebefore

makingachoice.

A.Happily,theremaybesomehopeforjumpers.

B.Also,jumpershadproblemswithoverconfidence.

C.Butafairnumberofindividualsarequicktojumptoconclusions.

D.Itiscertainlypossiblefbrthemtooverthinkthingstotakeadecision.

E.Weplantocontinuetheworktotraceotherproblemsintroducedbyjumping.

F.Thejumpers,however,didnotengageincontrolledreasoningtothesame

degreeasnon-jumpers.

G.Recentstudiesshowthatevengatheringjustalittlebitmoreevidencemay

helpusavoidamajormistake.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们

更有帮助。但一种叫元认知训练的方法可以帮助那些急于得出结论的人。

36.根据上文“Howmuchtimedoyouspenddoingresearchbeforeyoumakea

decision?Therearepeoplewhogoovereverydetailexhaustivelybeforemakinga

choice.（你在做决定之前花了多少时间做研究？有些人在做出选择之前会仔

细考虑每一个细节）”结合下文提到了jumper”急于得出结论的人”可知，呼应

上文仔细考虑每一个细节的人，空处应提出另一种人——急于得出结论的

人。C项“但相当一部分人很快就会得出结论”符合题意，与上文内容形成对

比。故选C。

37.根据上文“Wefoundthatjumpersmademoreerrorsthannon-jumperson

problemsthatrequirethoughtfulanalysis.（我们发现，在需要深思熟虑分析的

问题上，急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多）”和下文“Inaquiz

aboutUScivics,theyoverestimatedthechancethattheiranswerswereright

significantlymorethanotherparticipantsdid-evenwhentheiranswerswere

wrong.（在一次关于美国公民的测验中，他们大大高估了自己答案正确的几

率——即使他们的答案是错误的）”推知，急于得出结论的人不仅容易犯错，

而且过于自信，即使在答案是错误的情况下还高估答案正确的几率。B项“此

外，急于得出结论的人也有过度自信的问题''符合题意，呈上启下。故选B。

38.空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“automaticsystem,whichreflectsideas

thatcometothemindeasily,spontane