【高二 拓展阅读-生物】Australians Take up Life in Longyearbyen

AustraliansTakeupLifeinLongyearbyenWelcometoLongyearbyen,Svalbard,wheretherearemorepolarbearsthanpeople.TheislandofSvalbardisjust1,000kmfromtheNorthPole,whichmakesLongyearbyenthemostnortherntownintheworld.Inwinter,whenitisdarkdayandnightforfourmonths,temperaturescanfalltominus30Candforfourmonthsoversummeritislightallnight.It’sabeautifulplacetolookatandtherearemanytourists.CruiseshipsvisitinsummerandthereisanairportwithflightsfromNorwayandRussiawhenweatherallowsPeoplecometotrydog-sledding,snowmobileridingandtrytoseeapolarbear,arcticfoxandreindeer.InwintertheyalsocometoseetheNorthernLights--alsocalledauroraborealis--whichisanamazingnaturaldisplaycausedbythewaysunlighthitstheeartharoundtheNorthpole.Butsucharemoteandharshenvironmentmeanslifecanbechallenging.Forstarters,Svalbard’s2,600residentsdon’tlocktheirdoors.Thatway,youhavesomewheretorunifoneofthe3,000polarbearscomesafteryou.Youcan’tbeborninLongyearbyenbecauseit’stoofartohospitalifsomethinggoeswrongYoucan’tdiefromoldagethere,becauseelderlyresidentsmustgotoagedcarehomesonmainlandNorway.Andifyoudodiethere,youcan’tbeburiedasyourbodywouldfreeze.Tobeburiedyourbodymustbetakenelsewhere.The2,600residents--including260childrenatthegrade1to7school-comefrom51differentcountries.That’sbecausethegovernmentencouragesanyonetolivethereaslongastheyhaveajob.Therearenounemploymentpaymentsifyoucan’tfindajobandmostofthehousesareownedbytheemployers,soyouneedajobtogetahouse.Itwasonceabaseforwhaleandsealhuntersandcoalminers,butnowmanypeopleworkintourism.TheislandispartofNorwayandit’saboutasfarfromAustraliaasyoucanpossiblygoandstillstayonearth.Incredibly,localsthinkthereareaboutsevenAustralianslivingthere,includingwildlifecameramanJasonRoberts.MrRobertsisanexpertonfilmingpolarbearsandsometimesspendsuptosixweekscampingontheicefilmingtogetmaybeonlythreeminutesoffilm.Hehashadafewscarymomentswithpolarbears.“Thirtyyearsdancingwithpolarbears,yougettheoccasionalhiccup”isallhewillsay.

ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion1.WhatcantouristsdoontheislandofSvalbard?A.SeetheNorthernLightsB.Trydog-sleddingC.SeeapolarbearD.Alloftheabove2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheresidentsinLongyearbyen?A.TheyallcomefrommainlandNorway.B.TheylocktheirdoorstokeepsafefromwildlifeC.Theyarefrom51differentcountriesD.Theyareallbornthereandwilldietheretoo3.HowmanyresidentsarethereinLongyearbyen,Svalbard?A.260B.2,600C.51.D.3,6004.WhoisJasonRoberts?A.AscientistB.AwildlifecameramanC.AgovernmentofficialD.AnativeresidentofLongyearbyen5.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Youcanreceiveunemploymentpaymentsifyoucan’tfindajobinLongyearbyenB.Inwinter,temperaturescanfalltominus30CinLongyearbyenC.LongyearbyenisthemostnortherntownintheworldD.Youcan’tbebornordiefromoldageinLongyearbyenVocabulary基础词minus perp.零度以下；减；没有,缺乏n.减号；负号；缺点adj.欠缺的；负数的 记词根记忆：min（小的）+us→变少→减；零度以下 例Twominusoneisone.2减1等于1。arctic n.（thearctic）北极,北极地区adj.北极的；极冷的 记词根记忆：arct（熊）+ic（…的）→北极位于大熊星座下→北极mainland n.大陆；（不包括附近岛屿的）国土的主体 记组合词：main（主要的）+land（陆地）→大陆bury vt.埋葬,掩埋；隐藏,埋藏 英toplaceadeadbodyinagrave 搭bury（oneself）in埋头于,专心于encourage vt.鼓舞,鼓励记词根记忆：en（使…）+courage（勇气）→使有勇气→鼓舞,鼓励 例Heencouragedmetohaveatry.他鼓励我试一下unemployment n.失业（状态）；失业人数记词根记忆：un（不）+employ（雇用）+ment（表状态）→不被雇佣→失业猫搭unemploymentinsurance失业保险base n.基地,大本营；底部；基础ⅵ.以…为基础例LongyearbyenisthebasetoexploretheNorthPole.朗伊尔城是去北极探险的大本营。seal n.海豹；封条；印章ⅵ.封,密封 记联想记忆：顽皮的海豹（seal）,偷拿（steal）零食 例Thestore’swindowsweresealedshut.商店的窗户被封住了。miner n.矿工 英apersonwhoworksinamine 记来自mine（v.开矿,采矿）tourism n.旅游业；观光,游览 记词根记忆：tour（旅游）+ism（表状态）→·游览expert n.专家 记联想记忆：警察期待（expect）谈判专家（expert）的到来

Vocabulary进阶词polar adj.（南、北）极的,极地的；磁极的；正好相反的,截然对立的 搭polarexpedition极地探险cruise v.航游,巡航；（出租车、船等）缓慢巡行n.乘船游览,航游 英totravelonshipsforpleasure 记联想记忆：汤姆·克鲁斯（TomCruise）在巡游（cruise） 搭whale-watchingcruise观鲸航游harsh adj.恶劣的,严酷的；刺耳的；粗糙的,毛糙的 英cruel,severeandunkind 记联想记忆：har（看作hard,坚硬的）+sh→态度强硬→恶劣的 搭harshcondition严酷的条件harshrealities残酷的现实resident n.居民；住宿者,旅客；住院实习医生adj.常驻的；（在某地）居住的 记来自reside（vi.居住于,定居于）freeze v.（使）结冰,（使）凝固搭freezeover冰封freezeup（机器、引擎等中的水）结冰freezingpoint冰点government n.政府 搭agovernmentdepartment一个政府部门payment n.支付的款项；支付 英asumofmoneypaidorexpectedtobep