职称英语综合类b级模拟40

职称英语综合类B级模拟40

第1部分：词汇选项

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给

的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

1>ThescientistandagriculturalinnovatorGeorgeWashingtonCarveraidedthe

economyoftheSouthbydevelopinghundredsofcommercialusesforcropssuch

asthepeanut.

A.restoredB.stabilizedC.helpedD.changed

2、EleanorRoosevelt1sdedicationtohumanitariancauseswonheraffection

andhonorathomeandabroad.

A.ontheairB.henceforth

C.nearbyD.inforeigncountries

3、Maryboastedthatshewouldsucceedwhereothershadfailed.

A.threatenedB.warnedC.braggedD.joked

4、Bythetimehewastenyearsold,BeniaminOliverDavisJr.hadalready

decidedhiscareerwouldbeintheairforce.

A.uniformB.vocationC.educationD.rank

5、Adreamusuallyconsistsofvisualimagesthattellastory.

A.graphicsB.vaporsC.picturesD.fantasies

6、TheUnitedStatesistryingtodealwiththeseriousproblemsbroughton

bytheenergycrisis.

A.dispenseB.copeC.cooperateD.interact

7、Beforetheinventionofphotoengraving,steelandcopperplateengraving

servedastheprincipalmeansofreproducingillustrations.

A.visionsB.pictures

C.advertisementsD.pages

8、Afundamentalpremiseofafree-enterpriseeconomicsystemisthatallsmall

businessesfacedifficultcompetition.

A.confrontB.mockC.loseD.appreciate

9、Whenaliquidboils,itbecomesagas.

A.vaporB.dangerC.fuelD.bubble

10、Studentsworkingtowardadegreeinbusinessarelikelycandidatesforcareers

inthebankingindustry.

A.livelyB.friendlyC.promisingD.sophisti

cated

11>Throughoutmostoftheirliveszhumanbeingsperpetuallylearnandincrease

theirmentalcapacities.

A.actuallyB.readilyC.finallyD.constantly

12、Althoughanewspaper1sprimaryfunctionistoinform,specialfeaturesare

usuallyincludedforentertainment.

A.jointlyB.cautiouslyC.commonlyD.intentionally

13、ProjectSkylabwasdesignedtodemonstratethatapersoncanworkandlive

inspaceforprolongedperiodswithoutilleffects.

A.unexpectedB.obviousC.adverseD.immediate

14>TheworksofWaltWhitmanhadalastingeffectonthedevelopmentofmodern

Americanpoetry.

A.anenduringB.anunknown

C.astartlingD.afinal

15>Anintrovertedpersonisinclinedtobemoody.

A.fancifulB.changeableC.depressedD.gloomy

第2部分：阅读判断

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断

HowtoDesignKitchenWell

Overtheyearseconomic,socialandtechnologicalfactorshaveinfluenced

thedesignofkitchens.Sinceitisoftenusedsimultaneouslybybothfamily

membersaswellasguestszthekitchenrequiresnotonlyaglamorouslook

hutapracticalone.Also,thedesignelementsmustmeettheneedsofthemodern

family.

Environmentalconcernshavehadanenormousimpactonkitchendesign.This

concernincludesrecyclingofhouseholdmaterials,aswellasenergyefficient

appliancesandthepurityofbothwaterandair.Researchshowsthatupto

85percentofthepopulationisconcernedaboutwhatmightbeintheirdrinking

water.Theyarealsooftendissatisfiedwiththetasteandodorofwhatcomes

outoftheirtap.Thisiswhyit*simportanttoconsideraddingawaterfilter

system.

Thecharacteroftoday1skitchenisverydifferentfromthewayitwas

thirtyyearsago.There1smoresophisticationinfoodpreparation,andmore

technologicalhelpwithcookingandcleanup.

Whenchoosingcabinets,firstconsiderthestyle.Usethearchitectural

styleofyourhouseasaguide.Becausecabinetsareabiginvestment,itis

besttochoosequality.Popularstylesinkitchencabinetsareframedpanel

doorswithraisedorrecessedpanelsofwood,cabinetfrontswithglasspanes,or

simpleslabdoorsinarichpaintedorlaminatedfinish.Cabinetpulls,handles

andknobsareofferedinamyriadofdesignsandfinishes.Treathardware

asjewelryanddon11beafraidtomixandmatchstyles.

Becausemanyoftoday1skitchensconsistoftwoormorecookssharingin

themealpreparation,thereisaneedformorecounterspace,cooktopsand

sinks.Althoughlifestylesarechanging,theprimaryfunctionofthekitchen

asanareaforpreparingfoodhasremainedunchanged.Thesinkremainsone

ofthemostusedareasinthekitchenaswellasanimportantdecorativestatement.

Appliancetechnologyismovingataveryfastpace.Choosingwhattype

ofappliancesaswellashowmanywilldependonseveralfactorssuchashow

oftenandhowmuchyoucookandthesizeofyourkitchen.

Don*tlimityourselftooneofeachkindofappliance.Youcanhavea

refrigeratorinoneplaceandafreezerinaseparateareaortwosetsof

cooktops,oneonthecounternexttothewallovenandoneonanisland.You

canevenhavetwodishwashersifsizeandbudgetrequireandpermit--think

ofitassavingtimeinthelongrun.

16、Awe11-designedkitchenshouldbemodern,beautifulandpracticalatthe

sametime.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Beingharmlesstotheenvironmentisthetoppriorityinkitchendesign.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Qualitymattersthemostwhenyouarechoosingkitchencabinets.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Morecounterspace,cooktopsandsinksareneededintoday*skitchensbecause

foodpreparationismorecomplicatedthanitusedtobe.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Thedesignofthesinkisindicativeofakitchendesigner*sintelligence.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Meansofsavinglabor,appliancesshouldbereplacedwhenevernewmodels

comeout.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Itistheamountoftimeyoucanspendinthekitchenthatdecideshow

manyappliancesofthesamekindyoushouldbuy.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中

为第2〜5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4

个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

ABrieftoSingapore

1.Singaporeisanindependentcity-stateinsoutheasternAsia,consistingofone

majorisland—theSingaporeIsland-andmorethan50smallislands,locatedoffthe

southerntipofMalay.ThecityofSingapore,thecapitalofthecountry,isatthe

southeasternendoftheSingaporeIsland;itisoneofthemostimportantportcitiesand

commercialcentersofSoutheastAsia,hetotalareaoftherepublicis640sq.km.

2.Low-lyingSingaporeIslandhasnooutstandingrelief（轮廓鲜明的）features.A

centralareaofhillsrisestothemaximumheightof176m.Thecountryhasawet

tropicalclimate,withanaverageannualtemperatureof27.2℃.Theaverageannual

rainfallis2,413mm;thewettestmonthsareNovemberthroughJanuary.

3.Singaporeisgovernedunderaconstitutionof1959.Apresident,electedtoa

four-yeartermisheadofstate,andaprimeministerisheadofgovernment.The

presidentusedtobeselectedbyParliament,butbya1991constitutionalamendment

（修正案），thepresidentisnowelecteddirectlybythepeople.TheParliamentisthe

law-makingbodywithits81memberspopularlyelected.

4.Inthelate1980sthecountryhadsome290primaryschoolswith278,300pupils

and160secondaryschoolswith200,200students.Themaininstitutionsofhigher

educationaretheNationalUniversityofSingapore,severaltechnicalcolleges,anda

teacherscollege.

5.SingaporehasoneofthehigheststandardsoflivingofanycountryinAsia.Inthe

late1980sthegrossdomesticproductwasestimatedat$23.7billion,or$8.870per

person.ThefishingindustryiscenteredontheportofDuring,onsouthwestern

SingaporeIsland.Industryhasgrownrapidlysincethe1960s,andSingaporenow

producesadiversity（多样化的）ofgoods,includingchemicals,electronicitems,clothing,

andprocessedfoods,etc.Shipbuildingandpetroleumrefiningarealsoimportant.

A.Education

B.Landandclimate

C.Statesystem

D.Naturalresources

EEconomy

FPopulation

23>Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26>Paragraph5

A.liveabetterlife

B.madeupofmorethan50islands

C.havemorefarmland

D.notbytheParliamentzbutbythepeople

Eproducegoodsofvariouskinds

Fhaveabigpopulation

27、SingaporeisasmallstateinthesoutheastofAsia

28>AccordingtotheconstitutionofSingapore,thepresidentofthestate

isselected

29、ComparedwithpeopleinotherAsiancountriesztheSingaporeans

30、ThoughsmallzSingaporehasanindustryofitsownandcan

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短

文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

弟扁

TheFamily

Thestructureofafamilytakesdifferentformsaroundthewordandeven

inthesamesociety.Thefamily*sformchangesasitadaptstochangingsocial

andeconomicinfluences.Untilrecently,themostcommonforminNorthAmerica

wasthenuclearfamily,consistingofamarriedcouplewiththeirminorchildren.

Thenuclearfamilyisanindependentunit.Itmustbepreparedtofendfor

itself.Individualfamilymembersstronglydependononeanother.Thereis

littlehelpfromoutsidethefamilyinemergencies.Elderlyrelativesofa

nuclearfamilyarecaredforonlyifitispossibleforthefamilytodoso.

InNorthAmerica,theelderlyoftendonotlivewiththefamily；theylive

inretirementcommunitiesandnursinghomes.

Therearemanyparallelsbetweenthenuclearfamilyinindustrialsocieties,

suchasNorthAmerica,andoffamiliesinsocietiessuchasthatoftheInuits,

wholiveinharshenvironments.Thenuclearfamilystructureiswelladapted

toalifeofmobility.Inharshconditionszmobilityallowsthefamilyto

huntforfood.ForNorthAmericans,thehuntforjobsandimprovedsocial

statusalsorequiresmobility.

ThenuclearfamilywasnotalwaystheNorthAmericanstandard.Inamore

agrariantime,thesmallnuclearfamilywasusuallypartofalargerextended

family.Thismighthaveincludedgrandparentszmotherandfather,brothers

andsisterszuncles,auntszandcousins.InNorthAmericatoday,thereis

adramaticriseinthenumberofsingle-parenthouseholds.Twiceasmany

householdsintheUnitedStatesareheadedbydivorced,separated,or

nevermarriedindividualsasarecomprisedofnuclearfamilies.Thestructure

ofthefamily,notjustinNorthAmerica,butthroughouttheworld,continues

tochangeasitadaptstochangingconditions.

31>Anothergoodtitleforthispassagewouldbe

A.LivingwithHardship.

B.TheLifeoftheInuits.

C.WhatMakesaFamily?

D.TheFailureoftheNuclearFamily.

32、Anuclearfamilyisdefinedas

A.asinglefatherwithminorchildren

B.parents,children,andauntsanduncles

C.amarriedcouplewiththeirminorchildren

D.parentszgrandparentszandchildren

33、Theinformationinthispassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin

A.ageographytextbook

B.abiologytextbook

C.ananthropologytextbook

D.amathematicstextbook

34、Theinformationinthefirstparagraphispresentedmainlythrough

A.pointingoutdifferences

B.pointingoutsimilarities

C.listingstatistics

D.tellingastory

35、Thewordmobilitymeans

A.readinesstomove

B.organization

C.money

D.skill

弟一^扁

StresslevelTiedtoEducationLevel

Peoplewithlesseducationsufferfewerstressfuldays,accordingtoa

reportinthecurrentissueoftheJournalofHealthandSocialBehavior.

However,thestudyalsofoundthatwhenless-educatedpeopledidsuffer

stressitwasmoresevereandhadalargerimpactontheirhealth.

Fromthiszresearchershaveconcludedthattheday-to-dayfactorsthat

causestressarenotrandom.Whereyouareinsocietydeterminesthekinds

ofproblemsthatyouhaveeachday,andhowwellyouwillcopewiththem.

Theresearchteaminterviewedanationalsampleof1z031adultsdailyfor

eightdaysabouttheirstresslevelandhealth.Peoplewithoutahighschool

diplomareportedstresson30percentofthestudydays,peoplewithahigh

schooldegreereportedstress38percentofthetime,andpeoplewithcollege

degreesreportedstress44percentofthetime.

"Lessadvantagedpeoplearelesshealthyonadailybasisandaremore

likelytohavedownwardturnsintheirhealth,HleadresearcherDrJoseph

Grzywacz,ofWakeForestUniversityBaptistMedicalCenter,saidinaprepared

statement."Thedownwardturnsinhealthwereconnectedwithdailystressors,

andtheeffectofdailystressorsontheirhealthismuchmoredevastating

forthelessadvantaged.H

Grzywaczsuggestedfollow-upresearchtodeterminewhyless-educatedpeople

reportfewerdaysofstresswhenitisknowntheirstressismoreacuteand

chronic.

"Ifsomethinghappenseveryday,maybeit*snotseenasastressor,"Grzywacz

says.HMaybeitisjustlife.H

36>Stressleveliscloselyrelatedto

A.familysize

B.socialstatus

C.bodyweight

D.workexperience

37、The1,031adultswereinterviewed

A.onadailybasisfor8days

B.duringoneofeightdays

C.allbyGrzywacz

D.ingroups

38、Whichgroupreportedthebiggestnumberofstressfuldays?

A.Peoplewithoutanyeducation.

B.Peoplewithouthighschooldegrees.

C.Peoplewithhighschooldegrees.

D.Peoplewithcollegedegrees.

39、Thelessadvantagedpeopleare,thegreater

A.theimpactofstressontheirhealthis

B.theeffectofeducationontheirhealthis

C.theleveloftheireducationis

D.thedegreeoftheirhealthconcernis

40、Less-educatedpeoplereportfewerdaysofstresspossiblybecause

A.theydon*twanttotellthetruth

B.theydon*twanttofacethetruth

C.stressistoocommonafactorintheirlife

D.theirstressismoreacute

第二---也篇

AnInterestingPhenomenon

Animalsseemtohavethesensetoeatwhentheyarehungryandtheydo

noteatmorethantheirbodiesneed.Ithasbeendemonstratedthatratswill,

whengivenachoiceoveraperiodoftime,preferwaterwithvitaminstowater

withoutvitaminseventhoughthereisnodifferenceintasteorsmellbetween

thetwowaterbottles.Whenafragrantflavorwasaddedtothevitamin-enriched

fluid,theratsdidseemtodevelopatasteforitandkeptdrinkingitzeven

afterthevitaminswereswitchedtotheclearwater.Intime,however,they

brokethehabitandwentbacktowherethenecessaryvitaminswere.

Inaclassicexperiment,babiesof6to12monthsoldwereplacedina

cafeteriafeedingarrangementzwithawideselectionofbabyfoodbeforethem.

Theyweregivenwhateverfoodtheypointedtoorappearedinterestedin.We

aretoldthatatfirsttheyshowedsomeunusualeatingpatterns,butthat

overaperiodoftimetheymanagedtoselectwell-balanceddiet.

So,inselectingfood,ratsandbabiesdoseemtoknowandactonwhat1s

bestforthem.Apparently,thereisakindof"bodywisdomn,whichhumans

soonlose.Mostofusdonoteataswiselyaswecould.Manyofourfoodpreferences

areculturallydeterminedandinfluencedbylong-establishedhabits.Some

peopleeatfox,dogandblackbirdszwhileweeatcowsandpigs.Sowhatpeople

eatandhowmuchtheyeatseemstobegreatlyinfluencedbywhatisgoing

onaroundthem.

41、Intheexperimentonrats,afragrantflavorwasaddedtotherat1sdrinking

waterto

A.encourageratstodrinkvitamin-enrichedwater

B.findoutratspreferenceinflavor

C.testwhetherratsknowwhichdrinkisgoodforthem

D.demonstratethatvitaminsaretasteless

11n

42、Theexpressionthehabit(para.1zsentence4)referstodrinkingwater

which_______

A.hasnosmellB.istastelessC.hasvitaminsD.is

flavored

43、Accordingtothepassage,adultseatinghabitsdifferfromthoseofbabies

beeause

A.adultsknowbetterthanbabieswhatkindoffoodaregoodfortheir

health

B.adultsusuallycannotresistthetemptationofvariousdeliciousfoods

C.adults*eatinghabitsarecloselyrelatedtothesocialandcultural

customs

D.adultshavemorechoicesoffoodthanbabiesineatingpatterns

44、Theauthorimpliedinthepassagethatmostofus

A.eatabalanceddiet

B.choosethefoodthatisofnutrition

C.havethehabitsinfluencedbythesurroundings

D.liketoeatthefoodwithafragrantflavor

45、Asfarastheireatinghabitsareconcerned,babiesandratsaresimilar

inthat

A.bothhavethewisdomtochooseabalanceddiet

B.bothpreferflavoredfoodanddrink

C.bothhavethesameeatingpatterns

D.bothdevelopatasteforthesamekindsofflavors

第5部分：补全短文

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择

5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

LivingAloneIsJoyful

MoreandmoreAmericansarelivingalone.Somelivealonebecauseofdivorce

orthedeathofapartner.46AccordingtoarecentU.S.census（人口普查）,

25percentofallhouseholdsintheU.S.aremadeupofjustoneperson.

Thisisadramaticchangefromtheextendedfamiliesofjustacoupleof

generationsago.

Thetypicalpersonlivingaloneisneitheroldnorlonely.47Themajority

ofthesepeoplehavechosentolivealone.Theyarerespondingtodecreasing

socialpressuretogetmarriedandhaveafamily.

It1snowsociallyacceptable,evenfashionable,tolivealone.Aspeople

getbetterjobsandbecomefinanciallyindependent,itbecomespossiblefor

themtomaintainaone-personhousehold.48However,peoplewhodogetmarried

aremarryingatalaterageanddivorcingmoreoften.

Thenumberonereasongivenbymostpeopleforlivingaloneisthatthey

simplyenjoydoingwhattheywantwhentheywanttodoit."Livingaloneis

1

aluxury,"saysNinaHagiwara,338."Onceyoudoitzyoucan1evergoback

tolivingwithothers."DavidC1Debaea,46,agrees.49

Childrenthinkthatbeinggrownupmeansbeingabletodoexactlyasthey

please.50Thechancetodiscoverwhetherthatfreedomisaswonderfulas

itsoundsisachancemoreandmoreAmericansaretaking.

A.There*smorepressuretogetmarriednowadays.

B.Thegrowingnumberofwomenwithgoodjobshasdonemuchtoincrease

thenumberofpeoplelivingalone.

C.However,evenmorepeoplearelivingalonebecausetheyhavechosen

to.

D.Itseemsthatmanygrown-upstodayarerealizingthatchildhooddream.

EInfactzaquarterofthe23millionsinglepeopleintheU.S.areunder

theageof35.

FHesays,"工likebeingbymyself.H

第6部分：完形填空

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容

从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

TheDifferencebetweenManandComputer

Whatmakespeopledifferentfromcomputerprograms?Whatisthemissing

elementthatourtheoriesdon*tyet51for?Theanswerissimple：People

readnewspaperstoriesforareason：tolearnmoreabout52theyareinterested

in.Computers,ontheotherhand,don11.Infact,computersdon1153have

interests；thereisnothinginparticularthattheyaretryingtofindout

whentheyread.Ifacomputer54istobeamodelofstoryunderstandingz

itshouldalsoreadfora"purposen.

Ofcourse,peoplehaveseveralgoalsthatdonotmake55toattribute

tocomputers.Onemightreadarestaurantguide56ordertosatisfyhunger

orentertainmentgoalszorto57agoodplacetogoforabusinesslunch.

Computersdonotgethungry,andcomputersdonothavebusinesslunches.

However,thesephysiologicalandsocialgoalsgive58toseveral

intellectualorcognitivegoals.Agoaltosatisfyhungergivesrisetogoals

tofind59aboutthenameofarestaurantwhich