非谓语复习（提纲）学案 高考英语一轮复习

动名词复习句法结构主语SinceMarywasfiveyearsold,swimminghasbeenherhobby.Itisnouse/nogood/fun/nice/money/wasteoftime+doingsth.Thereisnotelling（不可预测）/joking（不可以开玩笑）/denying宾语Maryenjoysswimmingmorethanspendingtimewithherfriends.Everyoneknewthathewasdevotedtoswimming.enjoy,finish,consider,avoid,excuse,deny,mind,miss,keep,risk,practise,spend---(in),mention,putoff,keepon,giveup,devoteoneselfto,can’thelp（不禁），feellike,lookforwardto,beusedto,beproudof,insiston(坚持),befondof表语Herjobistakingcareofthechildren.定语Hemaybeinthereadingroom.结构1）一般式：Helovestalkingwithpeople.2）否定式：Heiscriticizedfornotcomingtoclass.3）动名词的完成式：Iamnotawareofhavingdonewrong.4）动名词的被动式：Hedoesn’tlikebeingtreatedlikethat.特殊动名词的复合结构Hiscomingisagreathelp.1)动名词做主语时，逻辑主语必须用名词或代词的所有格。Tom’s(His)comingiswhatwewant.2)动名词做宾语时，逻辑主语可以用名词普通格,代词所有格或或者代词的宾格。Shedoesn’tmindJack’s(Jack)beinglate.Idon’tmindhimgoing.3)逻辑主语是无生命名词时，只用名词普通格。Isthereanyhopeofourteamwinningthematch.4)当逻辑主语是指示代词或不定代词this,that,somebody,someone,nobody,none,anybody,anyone时，只用普通格。Sheisworriedaboutsomebodyshoutingoutside.词组1)need,want,require,deserve+doingsth用主动表示被动。2)beworthdoing=beworthyofbeingdone/beworthytobedone3)forget,remember后加doing表示已经做过，加todo表示还没有做过。4)regret,mean,stop,try等动词后面既可以加动名词也可以加不定式，但意思不同。5)love,hate,like,dislike等词后面用动名词表示一贯性动作，当指一次性具体动作时，我们用不定式。6)begin&start后面接动名词或者不定式，一般没有区别，但在下面两种情况下只用不定式。begin和start本身处于进行时态。begin和start后面的动词是表示心理活动的词

(understand,know,believeetc)主语是没有生命的对象不定式复习句法结构主语Toseeistobelieve.一般我们用it做形式主语来替代。Itisfoolishtoactlikethat.宾语ShedeterminedtolearnEnglishwell.常见的不定式做宾语的动词有：want,wish,hope,manage,ask,offer(提出),pretend,intend,decide,care,choose,expect,desireseem,happen,appearetc.定语做定语(后置)Iwanttogetsomethingtoreadduringtheholidays.状语Wemustusetherighttoolstodoagoodjob.(目的)WhathaveIsaidtomakeyousoexcited?(结果)Wejumpedwithjoytohearthenews.(原因)补语Iaskedhimtoshowmethenewdictionary.(v)+sb+todosthask,tell,invite,force,get,allow,*help,wish,want,persuade,remind,request,order,warn,causeetc.表语Herwishistobecomeanartist.结构动词不定式的一般式：Iwanttohaveacupoftea.(同时)shestoppedtohaveacupoftea.(之后)动词不定式的完成式Shesaidshewasveryhappytohavemetyou.动词不定式的进行式Theyseemedtobetalkingaboutsthimportant.动词不定式的完成进行式Wearehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou.动词不定式的否定式Iaskedhimnottobelate.特殊有些动词之后带不带to的不定式。make,let,have,see,hear,watch,notice,feeletcWhatmadeyouthinkofthat?但如果改为被动，to必须恢复。Theyweremadetoworkdayandnight.一些词组及句型后也带不含to的不定式。Whyspendsuchalotofmoney?hadbetter,wouldrather---than,usedto,IhavenothingtodobutwatchTV.Ihavenochoicebuttogoshopping.but/except后+不定式:Iwantnothingbuttostayhere.todo与tobedone的区别：Ihavesomeclothestowash.(自己洗)/tobewashed.(让别人洗)词组(v)+sb+todosth/(v)+doingsthencourage,advise,permit,allow.too---to;(a)enoughtodosthbesaid,bereported,beknown,bebelievedbe(un)likely,becertain,besuretodosth分词句法结构定语developingcountrydevelopedcountry后置定语：分词(短语)需要后置的情况有以下三种：a)分词短语作定语b)被修饰词是不定代词c)被修饰词是指示代词those时。Thebookwrittenbyhimisveryinteresting.Thereisnothingexcitinginhisbook.Heisoneofthoseinvited.状语1.时间状语Hearingthebell,thestudentswentintotheclassroom

2.原因状语Thinkinghemightbeathome,Itelephonedhim.3.条件状语Givenanotherchance,Iwilldothejobfarbetter.4.伴随状语Shesatinasofa,watchingTV.5.方式状语(stand,go,come,sit)Hestoodleaningagainstthewall补语分词作宾语补足语一般用于下列动词：1.感官动词:see,hear,feel,notice,find,watch2.使役动词:keep,make,get,catch,leave,setNote:在感官动词后的宾语补足语既可以用现在分词也可以用不定式，但意义不同。表语Thewindowsinthehousearebroken.现在分词表示主语所具有的特征(exciting令人兴奋的)，过去分词则表示所处的状态(excited兴奋的)。结构现在分词的一般式Walkingalongtheroad,hefoundapen.现在分词的完成式Havingfinishedthedinner,hewentoutforawalk.现在分词一般式的被动语态Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.现在分词完成式的被动语态Havingbeenshownaroundthemuseum,wewentbacktothehotel.过去分词则表示已经完成或被动的意思。Takenseparately,theproblemsarenotdifficulttosolve.特殊1)构成独立主格结构。Timepermitting,we’llhaveash