Unit+3+Sea+Exploration+Period+2+Review+Useful+Structures-高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

人教选择性必修第四册Unit3ReviewUsefulStructures12Toreviewandconsolidatetheuseofinfinitive

Tomastertheuseofinfinitiveinthespecificcontext目标一：ToreviewandconsolidatetheuseofinfinitiveActivity1:Findallthesentencescontaininginfinitivesinthereadingpassage.Thenmarktheirfunctions.1Asthesubject(S) 主语

2Asthepredicative(P) 表语3Astheobject(O) 宾语

4Astheobjectcomplement(OC) 宾补5Astheattributive(Attr) 定语

6Astheadverbial(Ad) 状语SuggestedAnswersTocompletethegreatmapoftheworldwasastrongpassionfor...MarcoPolo’stalesinspiredEuropeanexplorerstosearchforsearoutesfromwesttoeast.Here,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals...Thesefleetswereasighttobeholdandwereinaleagueoftheirownatthattime.Toreachoutacrossthesearemainsastrongdesiretoday.Theaimofthisinitiativeistoencouragecooperationand...Tradinghasgrowngreatly...,andwillcontinuetodosoinyearstocome.(S)(OC)(Ad)(Attr)(P)(O;Attr)(S)...whichwillhelptogreatlydevelopthewholeareaforthebenefitoffuturetradeandculturalexchange....therearestillmanyotherplaceslefttoexplore....ChinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic....thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects....theneedtotradeandthedesiretoenhancerelationshipswilldriveChinatoreachoutacrosstheseafarintothefuture.(Attr)(O)(Attr;Ad)(Attr)(Attr;Attr;OC)Whatcananinfinitivefunctionas?Whataretheformsofinfinitives?SummaryTheinfinitives

不定式不定式是非谓语动词的一种，在句中可以作除谓语以外的其他成分，如主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语等。e.g.

Tosayisonething;todoisanother.Hewantstoknowhismother’ssecret.Mydreamistowriteabookaboutmylife.Theprofessoraskedherassistanttomakeadetailedplan.ThebestplacetovisitinMayismyhometown.Ireturnedhomeonlytofindshehadleft.不定式的用法不定式作主语和宾语2.常跟不定式作宾语的动词：agree,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,fail,intend,learn,plan,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,threaten,wish1.当主语较长、谓语较短时，常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。e.g.

Itwaswiseofyoutorefusehisinvitation.注意：1）有些动词既可跟不定式，又可跟v.-ing形式作宾语，但意义有所区别。这类动词有remember,forget,regret,try,mean等。remember/forget/regrettodo记得/忘记/遗憾去做……remember/forget/regretdoing记得/忘记/遗憾做了……trytodo 尽力去做……trydoing 尝试着做……meantodo 打算做……meandoing 意味着做……

e.g.I’msorrytohavedonethat.Ididn’tmeantobesorude.Thatdoesn’tmeanreadingittooslowly.不同意义和用法need/want(想要)todosth.need/want(需要)/require(需要)+doing=need/want(需要)/require(需要)+tobedone

(v.-ing主动形式表被动意义)2）这三个词need,want,require既可跟不定式，又可跟v.-ing形式作宾语，但意义和用法不同。e.g.Theflowerswant/need/requirewateringonceaweek.Theflowerswant/needtobewateredonceaweek.不定式作定语1.被only,last,next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语。

e.g.

Ritawastheonlypersontocomplain.HewasthefirstmantoflyacrosstheAtlantic.Tomisthebestmantodothejob.2.有些名词后面常接不定式作定语，如ability,chance,desire,decision,effort,intention,need,opportunity,plan,promise,pressure,right,time,way等。

e.g.Aftermonthsofunemployment,allheaskedforwasachancetoearnhisbread.不定式作状语1.不定式作状语，常表示目的、原因、结果等。e.g.Theyweregladtoseetheirsontakengoodcareofinthekindergarten.

Tocatchthebus,Igotupatsixthismorning．Ijumpedwithjoytohearit.2.不定式作结果状语时，常用于“only+不定式”结构，表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果。

e.g.Afriendofminecametosee

metonight.Alanliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet.不定式作补语advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,remind,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,waitfor,callon,dependon1.跟不定式作补语的动词及动词词组：e.g.We’retryingto

persuade

manufacturerstosellthemhere.2.感官动词和使役动词后常接省to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中，作主语补足语的不定式to不能省略。e.g.SomeonesawMaryenter

thebuildingaboutthetimethecrimewascommitted.→Marywasseentoenterthebuildingaboutthetimethecrimewascommitted.不定式的构成与形式动词不定式主动被动用法一般时todotobedone表示动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后完成时tohavedonetohavebeendone表示动作发生在谓语动作之前进行时tobedoing/表示谓语动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行完成进行时tohavebeendoing/表示其动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前并且一直在进行目标二：TomastertheuseofinfinitiveinthespecificcontextActivity1:Jointhewordstomakesentencesusinginfinitives.Thendecidethefunctionofeachinfinitive.EXAMPLE

Itisfun/visitanaquarium/insummer→Itisfuntovisitanaquariuminsummer.(S)1He/encouragedme/participateinthesurfingcompetition2Thestorm/seems/begettingcloser3Magellan/wasthefirstperson/sailaroundtheworld4TheUNpeacekeepingforce/aims/maintainpeaceandpreventarmedconflicts5Thecrowd/stood/applaud/scientists/fortheirimportantoceanresearchwork6Itisagoodidea/tax/plasticbottles/sothatpeopleusethemless7TheJiaolongmannedsubmersible/issaid/beable/reach7kmunderwater8Itremains/beseen/whetherornothiscapsulecanworksAnswers1.Heencouragedmetoparticipateinthesurfingcompetition.

(OC)2.Thestormseemstobegettingcloser.

(P)3.Magellanwasthefirstpersontosailaroundtheworld.

(Attr)4.TheUNpeacekeepingforceaimstomaintainpeaceandpreventarmedconflicts. (O)5.Thecrowdstoodtoapplaudscientistsfortheirimportantoceanresearchwork.

(Ad)6.Itisagoodideatotaxplasticbottlessothatpeopleusethemless.

(Attr)7.TheJiaolongmannedsubmersibleissaidtobeabletoreach7kmunderwater.

(O;O)8.Itremainstobeseenwhetherornothiscapsulecanwork.

(O)Activity2:ReadthebeginningofTheLittleMermaidandusetheproperformsoftheverbsinbracketstofillintheblanks.Faroutintheocean,wherethewaterisasclearasglass,livestheSeaKing.Theoceanistoodeep_________(measure).Wemayimaginethereisnothingexceptyellowsandunderthesea,butactuallyitisnotrare______(see)themostuniqueflowersandplants_______(dance)inthefast-movingwater.InthedeepestspotofallstandstheSeaKing’scastle,whichhaswallsofcoralandaroof______(form)ofbeautifulshells.

Themotheroftheking,awisewomanwhoisproud_____________(be)bornintotheroyalfamily,takescareofhissixdaughters.Amongthesixsea-princesses,theyoungestistheprettiest.

tomeasure

tosee

dancing

tohave

beenformedAlthoughshehasdelicateskinlikearose-leafandeyesasblueasthedeepestsea,shehasnofeetbutafishtailjustlikehersisters.Themostcommonwayfortheprincesses______(play)alldaylo