2023年气候变化绩效指数（英）

CCPI

2023ClimateChange

<1一\PerformanceIndex

RESULTS

JanBurck

TheaUhlichMonitoringClimateMitigationEfforts

ChristophBalsof59CountriesplustheEU-covering92%

NiklasHohne

LeonardoNascimentooftheGlobalGreenhouseGasEmissions

0

NEW

GERMANWATCHCLI/AATE

INSTITUTE

^^CCPI

CCPI•Results2023Germanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork

Imprint

Germanwatch-BonnOfficeAuthors:

Kaiserstr.201JanBurck,TheaUhlich,ChristophBals,

D-53113Bonn,GermanyNiklasHohne,LeonardoNascimento,

Ph.:+49(0)22860492-0MonicaTavares,ElisabethStrietzel

Fax:+49(0)22860492-19

Withsupportof:

Germanwatch-BerlinOfficePietervanBreevoort,BjorkLucas,

Stresemannstr.72LottaHambrecht,AnaTamblyn

D-10963Berlin,GermanyTheauthorswouldalsoliketothankNicklasForsell(NASA)

Ph.:+49(0)305771328-0forhisgreatsupportregardingtheLULUCFemissions.

Fax:+49(0)305771328-11

Editing:

E-mail：ccpi@AdamGoulston,TobiasRinn

Maps:

冷Madeby23°

GERMANWATCHDesign:

DietmarPutscher

Coverphoto:Unsplash/AnnieSpratt

NewClimateInstitute-CologneOffice

Waidmarkt11aNovember2022

D-50676Cologne,GermanyYoucanfindthispublicationaswell

Ph.:+49(0)22199983300asinteractivemapsandtablesat

NewClimateInstitute-BerlinOffice

SchonhauserAllee10-11

D-10119Berlin,Germany

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ClimateActionNetworkInternationalContents

Kaiserstr.201

D-53113Bonn,GermanyForeword3

1.StateoftheClimate:Tryingtobeattheclock4

2.OverallResultsCCPI20236

CX*AANkI

CtlMATtACTIONHtTWOtK2.1CategoryResults-GHGEmissions8

2.2CategoryResults-RenewableEnergy10

2.3CategoryResults-EnergyUse12

2.4CategoryResults-ClimatePolicy14

3.KeyCountryResults16

4.AbouttheCCPI26

5.Endnotes28

Annex29

WithfinancialsupportfromBarthel

theBarthelFoundationStiftunq

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^^CCPI

CCPI•Results2023Germanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork

Foreword

Informingtheprocessofraisingclimateambition

Publishedannuallysince2005,theClimateChangePerfor­Inthiscontext,theCCPIhasgainedfurtherrelevanceasa

manceIndex(CCPI)isanindependentmonitoringtoolforlong-standingandreliabletooltoidentifyleadersandlag­

trackingtheclimateprotectionperformanceof59coun­gardsinclimateprotection.

triesandtheEU.Everyyear,theCCPIsetsoffimportant

publicandpoliticaldebateswithinthecountriesassessed.TheimpactoftheCCPIasaclimateprotectionmonitor­

TheCCPIaimstoenhancetransparencyininternationalingandcommunicationtoolalsodependsonwhetherand

climatepoliticsandenablescomparisonofclimateprotec­howtheindexisusedbydifferentactors.Wearegladto

tioneffortsandprogressmadebyindividualcountries.TheseethattheCCPIisincreasinglyusedbyfinancialactors

climateprotectionperformanceofthosecountries,whichtoratesovereignbonds.Giventhekeyroleofthefinancial

togetheraccountfor92%ofglobalgreenhousegas(GHG)marketindeterminingwhetherinvestmentsaremadein

emissions,isassessedinfourcategories:GHGEmissions,high-emissionorlow-emissioninfrastructuresandtech­

RenewableEnergy,EnergyUseandClimatePolicy.nologydevelopmentsforshiftingthetrillions.Therefore,

theCCPIisanimportanttooltopromotethereallocation

Thecountries*commitmentsundertheParisAgreementofinvestmentsbyprovidingcrucialinformationonclimate

arestillinsufficient：tolimitglobalwarmingtoamaximumofchangeforEnvironmental,SocialandGovernance(ESG)

1.5℃amoreambitiousclimateactionisurgentlyneeded.ratingsforfinanceactors.

JanBurckTheaUhlichChristophBals

(Germanwatch)(Germanwatch)(Germanwatch)

NiklasHbhneLeonardoNascimentoTasneemEssop

(NewClimateInstitute)(NewClimateInstitute)(ClimateActionNetwork

International)

Authorsandacknowledgements

TheIndexispublishedbyGermanwatch,NewClimatethroughthecontinuedsupportandcontributionsofaround

InstituteandtheClimateActionNetwork.TheCCPKsunique450climateandenergyexperts.Weexpressourgratitude

climatepolicysection,evaluatingcountries'nationalandtotheseexpertsandgreatlyappreciatetheirtime,efforts,

internationalclimatepolicyperformance,isonlypossibleandknowledgeincontributingtothispublication.*

AfulllistofcontributorstotheclimatepolicyevaluationcanbefoundintheAnnexofthispublication.

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CCPI•Results2023CCPIGermanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork

1.StateoftheClimate:Tryingtobeattheclock

Russia'sinvasionofUkraineillustratesthatmostcountriesFossilfuelproduction:Theelephantin

stillheavilydependonfossilfuels.Thisdependencyaf­theroom

fectscountries1abilitytofunctionandtoprovideessential

servicesfortheirpopulations.Fossilfuelsaccountforover75%ofallanthropogenic

greenhousegas(GHG)emissions.3Therefore,curbingfos­

TheCOVID-19recoveryhaslargelybeenamissedop­

silfuelextractionandproductionisavitalpartofthesolu­

portunityforclimateprogress,andweareagainata

tion.Countriesextractingandprofitingfromsellingfossil

crossroads.Wecanusethisexternalshocktoimprove

fuelstoothersshouldbesubjecttoincreasedscrutiny.

howweheat,move,andlivesustainably,orwecancon­

tinuesupportingourcurrentanddangerousfossilsystem.Ratherthandecreasingfossilfuelproduction,govern­

Thissustainabletransformation^importanceandurgencymentsareplanningto,by2030,producetwicetheamount

haveneverbeenclearer-notonlytosaveourclimatebutoffossilfuelsgloballythanwhatisconsistentwithlimiting

forourfuturesocietyandpeace.globalwarmingto1.5℃.4Theninelargestcoal-procuring

countries5accountfor90%ofglobalcoalproduction.6

Expansionofrenewablesandenergysavingsarethe

WhilecountriessuchasFrance,CostaRica,andDenmark

backbonesofdecarbonisation.1In2022,renewableen­

haveintroducedorscheduledmoratoriumsonfossilfuel

ergy(RE)supplygrewsignificantlybecauseoffalling

exports,otherssuchasMexicoandSaudiArabiaplanto

costs.TheWorldEnergyInvestmentReport2022shows

increasetheirexportingcapacity.7Insteadoffocusingits

REcomprisingthemajorityofenergysectorinvestments.

investmentsonRE,theG20nationshaveaddednearly

Investmentsinfossilfuels,meanwhile,didnotreboundto

USD300billiontowardsfossilfuelactivitiessincethe

pre-pandemiclevels.2

COVID-19pandemicbegan.8Theseinvestmentsareat

Thesepositivedevelopmentsandtrendscouldtriggeranriskofbecomingstrandedassetsandlockinginadditional

upwardspiralsupportingasustainableandjusttransi­fossilfueluse.

tion.Yetthereisapersistentandcriticalneedtouseall

TheCCPIhasdecidedtoflagthe17countriesresponsible

availableopportunitiesandtohaltallsupportforfossil

foralargeshareoffossilfuelproduction.Thesecountries

fuels.Recentdevelopmentsshowthatfossilinfrastructure

belongtothetop20oilandgasproducers,topnineglobal

isgrowinginresponsetotheenergycrisis.Countries

coalproducers,and/orplantoincreaseannualproduc­

mustphaseoutfossilfuelsubsidiesandredirecttheir

tionoffossilfuelsby2030.TokeeptheParisAgreement

investmentstoavoidunderminingeffortstoincreasethe

promisesinreach,nonewpermitsforfossilfuelextraction

low-carbonenergysupply.Energydemandreductionin

shouldbehandedout,andnonewfossilfuelinfrastruc­

developedcountriesandenergyefficiencyimprovements

tureswitchedon.Countriesmuststopinvestinginfossil

indevelopingcountriesarealsoimperativeforsupporting

fuelsandtheymustexpandtheirinvestmentsinRE.

theenergytransition.

Ashiploadedwithrotorbladesforwindturbines.Theexpansionofrenewablesisanimportantpillarofdecarbonisation.

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CCPI•Results2023CCPIGermanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork

Alongroadtogo,butwithlittletime•Thegrowthofrenewableshasincreasedsteadily

since2000whichisagoodsign.Yetsimultaneously,

In2021,thecountriesweassessedintheCCPIaccounted

theenergysupplyisalsorising,whichleadstoacur­

for92%ofallGHGemissions.Thegraphbelowshows

rentshareofbarely17%ofREintheenergysupply.

thedevelopmentofsomeofthekeyeconomicindicators.

Somenotablefindingsare:•Fromallindicatorsshowninthegraph,GHGperGDPis

theonlyonecontinuouslyfalling.Thismeansasteady

•Since2000,GHGemissionsgrewgloballybyover

relativedecouplingofenergysupplyfromGDP.Ade­

40%.Afteradropin2020duetothepandemic,2021carbonisationtrendwouldbevisibleonlyifthecarbon

sawarebound.

intensityoftheenergysupplyalsodecreased-itcur­

•GHGpercapitashowsrelativelyevendevelopmentrentlyisflat.

overthelast20years.Thisisbecause,togetherwith

Tokeep1.5℃withinreachandpreventdangerousclimate

emissions,populationalsogrew.Countriessuchasthe

change,countriesmusthalvetheiremissionsby2030.

US(16.6tpercapita)andCanada(17.9tpercapita)

Onlyifweusesignificantlylessenergyandmorerenew­

areamongthecountrieswiththehighestpercapita

ablesourcesisthistargetreachable.

emissions,whereasIndia(2.2tpercapita)andthe

Philippines(2.3tpercapita)aresubstantiallylower.

Globaldevelopmentofkeyindicators

Sources：PRIMAP,IEA&Worldbank©Germanwatch2022

|GHG■GHG/capita|RE■TPES■RE/TPES■GHG/GDP■GHG/TPES

GHG=GreenhouseGasEmissions

RE=RenewableEnergy

TPES=TotalPrimaryEnergySupply

GDP=GrossDomesticProduct

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CCPI•Results2023CCPIGermanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork

2.OverallResultsCCPI2023

Top3remainvacantascountriesneed

tospeedupimplementation

Keyresults:

Theworldmapshowstheaggregatedresultsandoverall

performanceforthecountriestheCCPIevaluated.The

tableshowstheoverallrankingandindicatescountries*

performanceinthefourindexcategories.

“Nocountrywasstrongenoughinallindexcategories

toachieveanoverallveryhighrating.Therefore,once

again,thetopthreeplacesremainempty.EUperformance:

»Denmarkisagainthetop-rankedcountry,asinthepre­"Overall,theEUrisesthreespotsfromthepreviousyear,

viousyear'sCCPI,butitdoesnotperformwellenoughto19th,andjustbarelymisseshighclassification.

toachieveanoverallveryhighrating.

“NineEUcountriesareamongthehighandmedium

performers,withDenmark(4th)andSweden(5th)lead­

G20performance:

ingtheoverallCCPIranking.

唾WithIndia(8th),theUnitedKingdom(11th),andGermany

»SpainimprovesitsperformanceinallfourCCPIcatego­

(16th),onlythreeG20countriesareamongthehigh

ries,vaultingit11spotsto23rd,thoughstillperforming

performersinCCPI2023.TwelveG20countriesreceive

atamediumlevel.France,incontrast,drops11ranksto

anoverall/oworverylow.TheG20hasaparticular

28th,mainlyduetoitspoorerplacementintheClimate

responsibilityinclimatemitigation,asitsmembersemit

Policycategorycomparedwiththepreviousyear.

morethan75%oftheworld'sgreenhousegasemis­

sions.«€►Hungary(53rd)andPoland(54th)aretheremainingEU

“Canada,Russia,SouthKorea,andSaudiArabiaarethecountriesreceivingaverylowrating.

G20*sworst-performingcountries.

Thefollowingsectionslookintotheresultsfortheindex

categories：GHGEmissions(2.1),RenewableEnergy(2.2),

EnergyUse(2.3),andClimatePolicy(2.4).

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CCPI•Results2023CCPIGermanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork

ClimateChangePerformanceIndex2023-Ratingtable

RankRankCountryScore**Categories

change

!♦

2.

3.

0-Denmark79.61

5.0-Sweden73.28

6.3▲Chile69.54

7.1▲Morocco67.44

8.2▲India*67.35

9.23▲Estonia65.14

10.-4▼Norway/64.47

11.-4TUnitedKingdom*63.07

12.11▲Philippines62.75

13.6▲Netherlands62.24

14.2▲Portugal61.55

15.-1▼Finland61.24

16.-3▼GermanyA61.11

17.1▲Luxembourg60.76

18.-6VMalta60.42

19.3AEuropeanUnion(27)59.96

20.1▲Egypt59.37

21.-10▼Lithuania59.21

22.-7▼Switzerland58.61

23.11▲Spain58.59

24.0-Greece57.52

25.1▲Latvia56.81

26.1▲Indonesia054.59

27.-2▼Colombia54.50

28.-11▼France52.97

29.1▲Italy52.90

30.-1▼Croatia52.04

31.-3▼Mexico.51.77

32.5AAustria51.56

33.2▲NewZealand50.55

34.6▲SlovakRepublic50.12

35.7▲Cyprus49.39

36.8▲Bulgaria49.15Rating

37.9▲Ireland48.47.VeryHigh

38.-5VBrazilA48.39

39.10▲Belgium48.38|High

40.3▲Vietnam48.31

Medium

41.9▲Slovenia48.16

|Low

42.-11▼Thailand47.23

43.-7▼Romania47.09■VeryLow

44.-5VSouthAfrica645.69

45.6▲CzechRepublic44.16

46.2▲Belarus43.69

47.-6▼Turkey43.32IndexCategories

48.6▲Algeria42.26.GHGEmissions

49.-2▼Argentina41.19■(40%weighting)

50.-5▼Japan40.85.RenewableEnergy

51.-13▼ChinaA38.80■(20%weighting)

52.3▲UnitedStates838.53.EnergyUse

53.0-Hungary38.51■(20%weighting)

54.-2▼Poland637.94■ClimatePolicy

55.4▲Australia636.26■(20%weighting)

56.1▲Malaysia33.51

57.1▲ChineseTaipei28.35

58.3ACanada.26.47▲Thelabelledcountries

59.-3▼RussianFederationA25.28。arethebiggestpro­

ducersofoil,gas,and

60.0-Korea24.91

coalworldwide.

61.3AKazakhstan•24.61

62.1▲SaudiArabia*22.41

63.-1▼IslamicRepublicofIranA18.77

Noneofthecountriesachievedpositionsonetothree.Nocountryisdoingenoughtopreventdangerousclimatechange.©Germanwatch2022

*rounded

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CCPI•Results2023CCPIGermanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork

需2.1CategoryResults-GHG*Emissions

CCPIcountriesmusthalvetheiremis­

sionsby2030topreventdangerous

climatechange

Keydevelopments:

Afterthesharp5.2%dropinCO2emissionsin2020,dueto

theCOVID-19pandemic,energy-relatedCO2emissionsin

2021rebounded,increasingby6%andreachingarecord

high.9TheCCPIresultsreflectthis.

ThecurrentIPCCreportindicatesglobalemissionsmustbe

halvedby2030(comparedwith2020levels)tokeepglobalG20performance:

warmingwithinthe1.5℃reach.10“OnlythreeG20countries-theUnitedKingdom,India,

Astrongreboundeffectwasexpected,butnowthecoun­andGermany-receiveanoverallhighrating.

triesneedtointensifytheirefforts.Collectively,thecoun­EightG20countriesareamongtheverylowperformers,

triestheCCPIcoveredareresponsibleformorethan92%includingChina,SouthKorea,Canada,andtheUnited

ofallGHGemissions.States.MostG20countriesshowworseperformance

thaninthepreviousyear.

Keyresults:

Asinthepreviousyears,SaudiArabiaremainsthe

Thetableontherightdetailstheperformanceofallcoun­

worst-performingG20country.

triesincludedintheCCPIinthefourindicatorscomprising

theGHGEmissionscategory.EUperformance:

“ChileandSwedenareatthetop,receivingaveryhigh>>Asinpreviousyears,theEUratesmediumforitsoverall

ratinginthiscategory.performance,butthisyearitdropsonerankto24.

“Thebest-performingEUcountryisSwedenat3rd,

thoughDenmark,Estonia,Finland,Malta,andGermany

ratehighinthiscategory.

“IrelandandPolandaretheonly