第22课+By+Heart+知识点讲义 高中英语新概念第三册

Lesson22Byheart熟记台词、Someplaysaresosuccessfulthattheyrunforyearsonend,Inmanyways,thisisunfortunateforthepooractors（whoarerequiredtogoonrepeatingthesamelinesnightafternight.定语从句）有些剧目十分成功，以致连续上演好几年。这样一来，可怜的演员们可倒霉了。因为他们需要一夜连着一夜地重复同样的台词。play(n.)话剧musical(n.)音乐剧opera(n.)歌剧so…that…如此…以致于（结果状语从句）successful(adj.)成功的successfully(adv.)成功地success(n.)成功succeed(v.)成功run(v.)经营onend=continuously(adv.)连续不断地eg.到现在为止已经连续不停地下了好几天雨了。Untilnow,ithasbeenrainingforseveraldaysonend.unfortunate（adj.）=unlucky(adj.)不幸的require(v.)需要=need（主动语态）eg.假如你需要进一步的信息，请打这个电话。Ifyourequiretogetfurtherinformation,pleasetelephonethisnumber.berequired被要求（强迫）（被动语态）=demandeg.我们被要求暑假读完5本书。Wewererequiredtoread5booksinsummerholiday.goondoing=continuedoing继续做某事2、Onewouldexpectthemtoknowtheirpartsbyheartandneverhavecausetofalter.Yetthisisnotalwaysthecase.人们以为，这些演员一定会把台词背得烂熟，绝不会临场结巴的，但情况却并不总是这样。by+email/telephone/交通工具：用…方式know/learnsth.byheart背诵（用心的方式）eg.我们班同学被要求背这篇课文。Myclassmatesarerequiredtolearnthistextbyheart.3、Afamousactorinahighlysuccessfulplaywasoncecastintheroleofanaristocrat（whohadbeenimprisonedintheBastillefortwentyyears.定语从句）有一位名演员曾在一出极为成功的剧目中扮演一个贵族角色，这个贵族已在巴士底狱被关押了20年。high(adj./adv.)高的/地highly(adv.)高度地（抽象）anaristocrat=anobleman贵族thearistocracy贵族阶层themiddleclass中产阶层theworkingclass工人阶级，劳动阶层theunderclass底层阶级imprison(v.)关押=putsb.inprisonimprisonment(n.)关押（lifeimprisonment终生监禁）prison(n.)监狱prisoner(n.)囚犯4、Inthelastact,agaolerwouldalwayscomeontothestagewithaletter(whichhewouldhandtotheprisoner.定语从句)在最后一幕中，狱卒手持一封信上场，然后将信交给狱中那位贵族。gaoler(n.)狱警=jaoler5、Eventhoughthenoblewasexpectedtoreadtheletterateachperformance,healwaysinsistedthatitshouldbewrittenoutinfull.尽管那个贵族每场戏都得念一遍那封信。但他还是坚持要求将信的全文写在信纸上。Eventhough尽管（引导让步状语从句）=Evenif=Although=Thoughperformance(n.)演出perform(v.)演出，表演=giveaperformanceinsist(v.)坚持+that引导的宾语从句（soulddo/do）6、Onenight,thegaolerdecidedtoplayajokeonhiscolleaguetofindout（if,aftersomanyperformances,hehadmanagedtolearnthecontentsoftheletterbyheart.宾语从句）一天晚上，狱卒决定与他的同事开一个玩笑，看看他反复演出这么多场之后，是否已将信的内容记熟了。playajokeonsb.开玩笑colleague同事coworker工友，同事co-operation合作classmate同学schoolmate校友deskmate同桌roommate室友workmate同事contents(n.)内容——contain(v.)包含（全部）7、Thecurtainwentuponthefinalactoftheplayandrevealedthearistocratsittingalonebehindbarsinhisdarkcell.大幕拉开，最后一幕戏开演，贵族独自一人坐在铁窗后阴暗的牢房里。curtain=curtainmaterial窗帘布reveal(v.)揭露，揭示，泄露，透露反：conceal(v.)掩盖，隐藏behindbars坐牢=beinprisonalone(adj./adv.)单独的，独个地（只能修饰人）lonely(adj.)孤独的（修饰人）；偏僻的（修饰地点）8、Justthen,thegaolerappearedwiththepreciousletterinhishands.这时狱卒上场，手里拿着那封珍贵的信。appear(v.)出现，表演precious（adj.）珍贵的（感情photo/time/experience）valuable（adj.）宝贵的（物品）9、Heenteredthecellandpresentedthelettertothearistocrat.Butthecopy（hegavehim定语从句）hadnotbeenwrittenoutinfullasusual.Itwassimplyablanksheetofpaper.狱卒走进牢房，将信交给贵族。但这回狱卒给贵族的信没有像往常那样把全文写全，而是一张白纸。blank(adj.)空白的，苍白的eg.Mymindgoesblank.我的大脑一片空白。10、Thegaolerlookedoneagerly,anxioustosee（ifhisfellowactorhadatlastlearnthislines.宾语从句）狱卒热切地观察着，急于想了解他的同事是否记熟了台词。lookon旁观——onlooker旁观者11、Thenoblestaredattheblanksheetofpaperforafewseconds.Then,squintinghiseyes,hesaid:‘Thelightisdim.Readthelettertome'.Andhepromptlyhandedthesheetofpapertothegaoler.贵族盯着纸看了几秒钟，然后，眼珠一转，说道：“光线太暗，请给我读一下这封信。”说完，他一下子把信递给狱卒。stareatsth.(v.)盯着看=fixone’seyesonsth.squint(v.)眯着眼睛看glare(v.)瞪着看glance(v.)扫视glimpse(v.)一瞥12、Findingthathecouldnotrememberawordofthelettereither,thegaolerreplied:‘Thelightisindeeddim,sire,Imustgetmyglasses.'Withthis,hehurriedoffthestage.狱卒发现自己连一个字也记不住，于是便说：“陛下，这儿光线的确太暗了，我得去眼镜拿来。”他一边说着，一边匆匆下台。hurry(v.)匆忙hurriedhurried=run=dash=rush13、Muchtothearistocrat'samusement,thegaolerreturnedafewmomentslaterwithapairofglassesandtheusualcopyoftheletterwithheproceededtoreadtotheprisoner.贵族感到非常好笑的是：一会儿工夫，狱卒重新登台，拿来一副眼镜以及平时使用的那封信，然后为那囚犯念了起来。Toone’s+情感类名词：令某人…的是proceedtodosth.继续做某事=continue