高中英语语法之虚拟语气讲解

高中英语语法之虚拟语气讲解TheSubjunctiveMoodPAGEPAGE4【TheSubjunctiveMood】语气(mood)是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。英语中的语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。直陈语气(indicativemood),表示所说的话是事实。祈使语气(imperativemood),表示所说的话是请求或命令。虚拟语气(subjunctivemood),表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一.虚拟语气在条件句中的应用学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。如：Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,Iwillgoforapicnic.假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。Oilfloatsifyoupouritonwater.你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。

条件从句主句与现在事实相违背过去式（动词是be用were）should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相违背had+过去分词should/would/could/might+have+过去分词与未来事实相违背1)should+动词原形

2)were+动词不定式

3)过去式（动词是Be也可以用were）should/would/could/might+动词原形1.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were),主句的谓语用should（would,might，could）+动词原形。如：Ifitwerenotraining,weshouldgoforapicnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。（事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。）Ifhecamehere,hemightbeabletohelpyou.如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。（事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。）2.与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should（would,might，could）+have＋过去分词。如：Shewouldhavegonetothepartyifshehadbeeninvited.要是当初她被邀请的话，她就会去参加这次聚会了。（事实是：当时没有人邀请她，因此，她没有来参加聚会。表示后悔。）Ifshehadn'tcalledme,Iwouldhaveoversleptthismorning.今天早上，她要是不叫我的话，我就会睡过头了。（事实是：她今天早上叫我了，我没有睡过头。表示感激。）3.与将来事实可能相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were)；should＋动词原形；wereto＋动词原形，主句用should（would,might，could）+动词原形。如：IfIweretobetwentyyearsoldnextyear,IwouldtakethecourseofFrench.明年我要是二十岁，我就会学法语。（事实是：我现在已经老了，明年我学不了法语了。）Ifitshouldfail,Iwouldtryagain.要是失败了，我会再试一次。（事实是：有可能失败，可我会再试。表示未知。）虚拟过去式有时并不表示“不大可能实现的假设”，而是表示一种希望或不希望发生的动作。如：Ifwecaughttheearlytrain,we’dgettherebylunchtime.假如我们赶上早班火车，到午饭时间我们就会到达那里了。(表希望)Ifwemissedthetrain,weshouldhavetowaitanhouratthestation.假如我们赶不上这班火车，我们就得在车站等一小时。（表不希望）4.混合型的条件句当条件从句与主句所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句。较多见的混合型条件句是从句用过去完成时（指过去行为），而主句用一般时（指目前状态）。Hewouldpassthetestifhehadtakenmyadvice．如果他听了我的劝告，他现在会通过考试。IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.假如昨天我对他说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了。Youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice.假如你接受了我的意见，你现在就会好得多。如条件从句用ifIwere...，主句则可用表任何时间的虚拟形式。如：IfIwerenotbusy,Iwouldhavecome.假如我不忙，我就会去了。(were表过去)IfIwereyou,Iwouldgo.假如我是你，我会去的。(were表现在)二.连词if的省略如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were，had和should时，可省略if，把were，had和should放到从句主语前面去，多见于书面语。Hadyounothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.要是没有你的帮助，我就失败了。Wereyouinmyposition,youwoulddothesame.假如你处在我的地位，你也会这样干的。Shouldtheyattackus,we’llwipethemoutcompletely.假如他们进攻我们，我们就把他们彻底消灭干净。三.含蓄条件句虚拟条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体有三种情况。1)条件暗含在短语中。如：Butforyourhelpwecouldn’thavesucceededintheexperiment.如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。(暗含在分词短词butforyourhelp)WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou?如没有你，我会怎么办呢？(条件暗含在介词短语withoutyou中)Itwouldbeeasiertodoitthisway.这样做会比较容易。(条件暗含在不定式短语todoitthisway中)Thissamething,happeninginwartime,amounttodisaster.同样的事，如发生在战时，就会酿成大祸。(条件暗含在分词短语happeninginwartime中)Hemusthavethestrengthofahippopotamus,orhenevercouldhavevanquishedthatgreatbeast.他一定是力大如河马，否则他绝不会击败那只庞大的野兽。(暗含条件是连词or)Alone,hewouldhavebeenterrified.如是单独一人，他是会感到害怕的。(暗含条件是alone)2)条件暗含在上下文中。如：Youmightstayhereforever.你可以永远待在这儿。(可能暗含ifyouwantedto)It'shightimethathebegantothinkhowtodealwithmoney.他早该开始考虑如何与钱打交道。Itistimeweleft.我们该走了。Itistimewewenttobed.我们该去睡觉了。5.虚拟式动词原形亦常用在独立句中，表愿望LonglivetheCommunistPartyofChina！中国共产党万岁！Godblessyou!上帝保佑你。Goddamnit!该死的！Thedeviltakeyou!见鬼去吧！Sobeitthen.就那样吧。6.虚拟时态与谓语动词时态的关系：从句中的虚拟时态往往不受全句谓语时态的影响。1)用于主语从句。试比较：Itisimportantthatheshouldknowaboutthis.他必须知道此事。Itwasimportantthatheshouldknowaboutthis.他必须知道此事。2)用于宾语从句。试比较：Isuggestthatweshouldgotomorrow.我建议我们明天走。Isuggestedthatweshouldgothenextday.我建议我们第二天走。Shesaid,“IfIwereaboyIwouldjointhearmy.”她说，“我如是男孩，就参军。”Shesaidthatifshewereaboy,shewouldjointhearmy.她说她如是男孩就参军。但强调现在时刻的虚拟式在间接引语中需要遵守时态一致的原则。试比较：“IfIknewhowitworked,Icouldtellyouwhattodo,”hesaid.“假如我知道它是如何运行的话，我就会告诉你该怎么办，”他说道。Hesaidthatifhehadknownhowitworkedhecouldhavetoldmewhattodo.他说假如他知道它是如何运行的话，他就会告诉我该怎么办。“IfIknewtheanswertoallyourquestionsI'dbeagenius,”hesaid.“我如知道你所有问题的答案，我就是天才了。”他说道。Hesaidthatifheknewtheanswertoallmyquestions,he’dbeagenius.他说他如知道我所有问题的答案，他就是天才了。但如果全句谓语是虚拟语气，其后从句的时态则多受其影响，现在时态应随之而变为过去时态。如：Iwouldthinkhewaswrong.我看他是错了。(须用was,试比较：Ithinkheiswrong)Itwouldseemthatshewasright.她似乎是对的。(须用was,试比较：Itseemsthatsheisright)虚拟语气练习专项练习1：1.Ienjoyedthemovieverymuch.IwishI_____thebookfromwhichitwasmade.A.havereadB.hadreadC.shouldhavereadD.arereading2.Youarelate.Ifyou_____afewminutesearlier,you_____him.A.come;wouldmeetB.hadcome;wouldhavemetC.come;willmeetD.hadcome;wouldmeet3.Thetwostudentstalkedasifthey_____friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen4.ItisimportantthatI_____withMr.Williamsimmediately.A.speakB.spokeC.willspeakD.tospeak5.Helookedasifhe_____illforalongtime.A.wasB.WereC.hasbeenD.hadbeen6.Ifthedoctorhadcomeearlier,thepoorchildwouldnot_____.A.havelaidtherefortwohoursB.havebeenliedtherefortwohoursC.haveliedtherefortwohoursD.havelaintherefortwohours7.IwishthatI_____withyoulastnight.A.wentB.couldgoC.havegoneD.couldhavegone8.Let’ssayyoucouldgothereagain,how_____feel?A.willyouB.shouldyouC.wouldyouD.doyou9.Ican’tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughhe_____everything.A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown10._____thefog,weshouldhavereachedourschool.A.BecauseofB.InspiteofC.IncaseofD.Butfor11.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____himattheairport.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet12.Mikecantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach13.Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswer,haditbeenpossible,butI_____sobusythen.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.wouldbe14.He’sworkinghardforfearthathe_____.A.shouldfallbehindB.fellbehindC.mayfallbehindD.wouldfallenbehind15.Ifit_____anothertenminutes,thegamewouldhavebeencalledoff.A.hadrainedB.wouldhaverainedC.haveseenD.rained16.Hesuggestedthatthey_____useatrickinsteadoffighting.A.shouldB.wouldC.doD.had17.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_____there.A.notwentB.won’tgoC.notgoD.nottogo18.IwouldhavegonetothemeetingifI_____time.A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehad19.WouldyouratherI_____buyinganewbike?A.decidedagainstB.willdecideagainstC.havedecidedD.shalldecideagainst20.Youlooksotiredtonight.Itistimeyou_____.A.gotosleepB.wenttosleepC.gotobedD.wenttobed21.—Whydidn’tyoubuyanewcar?—IwouldhaveboughtoneifI_____enoughmoney.A.hadB.havehadC.wouldhaveD.hadhad22.Ifshecouldsew,_____.A.shemakeadressB.shewouldhavemadeashirtC.shewillmakeashirtD.shewouldhadmadeacoat23._____today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves24.Hisdoctorsuggestedthathe_____ashorttripabroad.A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.takeD.took25.TheBakersarrivedlastnight.Ifthey’donlyletusknowearlier,_____atthestation.A.we’dmeetthemB.we’llmeetthemC.we’dhavemetthemD.we’vemetthem26.IfI_____you,I_____moreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.A.was;shallpayB.am;willpayC.wouldbe;wouldpayD.were;wouldpay27.Wemighthavefailedifyou_____usahelpinghand.A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgiveC.hadnotgivenD.didnotgive28.Thelawrequiresthateveryone_____hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.willhave29.Itisstrangethathe_____so.A.wouldsayB.wouldspeakC.shouldsayD.willspeak30.HadIknownhername,_____A.ordoessheknowmine?B.andwheredoesshelive?C.shewouldbebeautiful.D.Iwouldhaveinvitedhertolunch.31.Hehasjustarrived,buthetalksasifhe_____allaboutthat.A.knowB.knowsC.knownD.knew32.IfI_____themoney,Iwouldhaveboughtamuchbiggercar.A.possessedB.ownedC.hadD.hadhad33.Hewasverybusyyesterday;otherwise,he_____tothemeeting.A.wouldcomeB.cameC.wouldhavecomeD.willcome34.ThelibrarianinsiststhatJohn_____nomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebookshehasborrowed.A.willtakeB.tookC.takeD.takes35.Ileftveryearlylastnight,butIwishI_____soearly.A.didn’tleaveB.hadn’tleftC.haven’tleftD.couldn’tleave36.Idonothaveajob.IwouldfindonebutI_____notime.A.hadB.didn’thaveC.hadhadD.have37.Iwishthatyou_____suchabadheadachebecauseI’msurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.A.hadn’tB.didn’thavehadC.hadn’thadD.hadn’thave38.Heinsistedthatweall_____inhisofficeatoneo’clock.A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbe39.Helencouldn’tgotoFranceafterall.That’stoobad.I’msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif_____.A.she’sgoneB.she’llgoC.she’dgoneD.she’dgo专项练习2：1．Hisdoctorsuggestedthathe______ashortleaveofabsence．A．willtakeB．wouldtakeC．takeD．took2．Thejobwouldrequirethat______at7o'clockeverymorning．A．hewillbeatthefactoryB．hebeatthefactoryC．hewasatthefactoryD．hehasbeenatthefactory3．Youradvicethatshe______tillnextweekisreasonable．A．willwaitB．isgoingtowaitC．waitsD．wait4．Thehousemasterwasstrict．Herequestedthatwe______televisiononweeknights．A．notwatchB．mustnottowatchC．notbewatchingD．havenotwatched5．Itisnecessarythataworker______hisworkontime．A．accomplishesB．canaccomplishC．accomplishD．hasaccomplished6．Itisimportantthathe______hisdecisionbeforeFriday．A．willmakeB．makesC．makeD．mustmake7．Youlooksotired.It'stimeyou______．A．gotosleepB．wenttosleepC．gotobedD．wenttobed8．I'dratheryou______anythingaboutitforthetimebeing．A．doB．didn'tdoC．don'tD．didn't9．Butforwater，it______impossibletoliveinthedesert．A．isB．wasC．wereD．wouldn'tbe10．______it______foryourhelp，Icouldn'thavemadeanyprogress．A．Had；notbeenB．Should；notbeenC．Did；notbeenD．Not；be11．Long______theParty！A．livesB．liveC．willliveD．shouldlive12．MaryinsistedthatTom______hertheringback．A．givesB．giveC．givenD．havegiven13．Mysuggestionwasthatthemeeting______offtillnextweek．A．toputB．beputC．shouldputD．beputting14．MothersuggestedthatI______myhomeworkfirstbeforewatchingTV．A．didB．doC．shalldoD．havedone15．Heinsistedthatnothing______tillhearrived.A．mustbestartedB．oughttobestartedC．couldbestartedD．shouldbestarted16．TomsuggeststhatAnn______thehouse.A．cansellB．sellsC．sellD．sold17．It'sbetterthathe______itfromyou.A．'llhearB．hearsC．shouldhearD．heard18．Itwasnecessarythathe______aboutwhathadhappened.A．betoldB．wastoldC．shouldtellD．tell19．It'sastonishingthatshe______sadatnewsthatithasnothingtodowithher.A．feltB．shouldfeelC．'llfeelD．wouldfeel20．Itwasstrangethatwe______shortofwaterinthecountrywhereitwasalwaysraining.A．areB．beC．shouldbeD．bothBandC21．Itisstrangethatshe______marrysuchanuglyman.A．wouldB．shouldC．shallD．must22．It'snotrightthatthemeeting______offtilltomorrow.A．mustbeputB．mustputC．willbeputD．beput23．Itwasimpossiblethathe______thetrain,forhehadstartedoutveryearly.A．couldhavemissedB．musthavemissedC．shouldhavemissedD．shouldmiss24．It'sapitythathe______suchagoodchance.A．shouldmissB．shouldhavemissedC．hasmissedD．alltheabove25．Hetriedtofindsomeexcuseforthedebt,butIinsistedthathe______itoffatonce.A．mustpayB．oughttopayC．paidD．pay26．Mr.Fordinsistedthathe______right,thoughtheothersdidn'tthinkso.A．shoulddoB．shouldhavedoneC．haddoneD．did27．Hispalefacesuggestedthathe______thesadnews.A．shouldbetoldB．shouldhavebeentoldC．wastoldD．hadbeentold28．Hesuggestedthatwe______hereatonce.A．shouldleaveB．mustleaveC．leftD．oughttoleave29．Myorderisthateveryone______theirownworkintime.A．mustcompleteB．completedC．completesD．complete30．We'vemadethedecisionthatwe______attheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A．willgatherB．areabouttogatherC．wouldgatherD．shouldgather31．I'llbewaitingforyouathome.______Iwerebusyandcouldn'tcome?A．WhatifB．WhatwhenC．HowifD．Howwhen32．Afterhewaspraisedforwhathehaddone,hesaid，“I______evenbetterunderharderconditions.”A．woulddoB．wouldhavedoneC．didD．haddone33．Ithasbeenrainingforaday,buteventhoughit______,we______therebytomorrow.A．hadn'trained,couldn'tgetB．hadn'trained,can'tgetC．didn'train,couldn'tgetD．didn'train,can'tget34．Wecouldnothavesucceeded______yourhelp.A．butforB．withoutC．ifithadnotbeenforD．alltheabove35．Idaresayheisnotyourtruefriend,becauseatruefriend______differentlywhenyouwereintrouble.A．actedB．hadactedC．wouldactD．wouldhaveacted专项练习31.Everything______ifAlberthadn’tcalledthefirebrigade.A.willbedestroyedB.willhavebeendestroyedB.wouldbedestroyedD.wouldhavebeendestroyed2.Ifyouhadn’tgonewithTomtothepartylastnight,______.A.youwouldmeetJohnalreadyB.youwon’thavemissedJohnC.youwillhavemetJohnD.youwouldhavemetJohn3.Supposingthisship______,doyouthinktherewouldbeenoughlifejacketsforallthepassengers?A.wassinkingB.hassunkC.weretosinkD.sunk4.Theinsectswoulddevourallourcropsandkillourflocksandheads,if______fortheprotectionwegetfrominsect-eatinganimals.A.itisnotB.itwerenotC.wereitnotD.theywerenot5.Theteachersuggestedthateachstudent______aplanforthevacation.A.madeB.makeC.makesD.willmake6.Frankly,I’dratheryou______anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.doB.don’tdoC.didn’tdoD.willnotdo7.Afterthewayshetreatedyou,ifI______inyourplace.A.beB.amC.wasD.were8.Theideaisthatthenation______anunmannedspacecrafttoexploretheplanetfirst.A.sentB.sendsC.sendD.mustsend9.It’shightimeyou______.A.starttoworkB.wouldstarttoworkC.startedtoworkD.hadstartedtowork10.“IfIhadn’tpracticedwhenIwasyounger,”themusiciansays,“I______abletoplaysowellnow.”A.wouldn’tbeB.won’tbeC.wouldn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen11.Itisimperativethatyou______thereinperson.A.areB.wereC.beD.willbe12.Theatomicstructureis,______,aminiaturesolarsystem.A.asitwereB.asiftheywereC.asitwereD.asifare13.Werequiredthatthemachineparts______castiron.A.ismadeofB.bemadefromC.bemadeofD.ismadeby14.Themanagementurgedthatthecostofproduction______.A.tobefurtherreducedB.wasfurtherreducedB.befurtherreducedD.shouldfurtherreduced15.Thebusinessisrisky.But______wewouldberich.A.shouldwesucceedB.weshouldsucceedC.mightwesucceedD.wouldwesucceed16.Iwishourteacher______togiveanothertest.Ihaven’tgotpreparedyet.A.isn’tgoingB.weren’tgoingC.willnotgoingD.couldhavegone17.IwishI______tothemovieswithyoulastnight.A.wentB.didgoC.couldgoD.couldhavegone18.I’djustassoon______rudelytoher.A.thatyouwon’tspeakB.yournotspeakingC.younotspeakD.youdidn’tspeak19.IfI______inthetwenty-firstcentury,I______myvacationinaverydifferentway.A.shouldlive…wouldspendB.willlive….shouldspendC.areliving…shouldhavespentD.willbeliving…wouldhavespent20.Itisrequiredthatthemachine______asfrequentlyasnecessary.A.beoiledB.mustbeoiledC.isoiledD.willoil21.HisEnglishteacherrecommendsthathe______aregulardegreeprogram.A.beginsB.beginC.willbeginD.isbeginning22.Wepreferthattheplan______beforebeingputintoexecution.A.isfullydiscussedB.mustbefullydiscussedC.befullydiscussedD.willbefullydiscussed23.Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatimprovements______intheoldtypeofvacuumcleaner?A.bemadeB.willbemadeC.wouldbemadeD.willhavetobemade24.Thedoctor’sadviceisthatthepatient______abouthisrealphysicalcondition.A.benottoldB.notbetoldC.willnotbetoldD.mustnotbetold25.______,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkontime.A.IftheydonothelpusB.WasitnotfortheirhelpC.ShouldtheyoffertohelpusD.Butfortheirhelp26.Ifwehadbeenmorecareful,we______muchbetterresultsnow.A.gotB.hadgotC.wouldbegettingD.wouldhavegot27.Henry______arichmantodayifhehadbeenmorefrugalinthepast.A.wouldbeB.isC.willbeD.was28.Theythoughtitdesirablethatanarmedguard______inreadiness.A.standsB.standC.stoodD.wouldstand29.Allsciencestudents,______,shouldhaveagoodfoundationinbasicsciences.A.whethertheyarefuturephysicistsandchemistsB.theyarefuturephysicistsofchemistsC.theyshouldbefuturephysicistsofchemistsD.betheyfuturephysicistsorchemists30.Sallycan’thavewrittentome,or______theletterbynow.A.I’llgetB.I’llhavegotC.I’dhavegotD.I’dget31.IshouldverymuchliketohavegonetothepartybutI______.A.amnotinvitedB.wasnotinvitedC.shallnotbeinvitedD.amnotbeinginvited32.ThereisageneralunderstandingamongthemembersoftheBoardofDirectorsthatchiefattention______totheundertakingthatisexpectedtobringinhighestprofit.A.isgivenB.givesC.shouldbegivenD.mustbegiven33.Oneoftherequirementsforafireisthatthematerial______toitsburningtemperature.A.beheatedB.isheatedC.wouldbeheatedD.toheat34.“Didyougotoseethefootballmatchyesterday?”“No.Ididn’tfeelwell,butIwouldhavegoneifI______.”A.didB.haveC.wouldD.had35.Ifwehadknownthatshehadplannedtoarrivetoday,we______heratthebusstation.A.mayhavemetB.mightmeetC.maymeetD.mighthavemet36.We’resaferinatrainthanwewouldbeifwe______anyotherway.A.traveledB.hadtraveledC.travelD.havetraveled37.HetoldmehowhehadgivenmeshelterandprotectionwithoutwhichI______ofhungerandcold.A.wouldbediedB.wouldhavediedC.woulddieD.willhavedied38.______today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.

WasheleavingB.IfheisleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves39.Hadelectroniccomputersnotbeeninvented,manyproblemsofspaceflight______.A.couldbenotsolvedB.couldnotbesolvedC.couldnothavebeensolvedD.couldnothavesolved40.Heisapoorlylearntman.Butheactsasthoughhe______.A.isB.wereC.shouldbeD.seemslike41.Thedriverlookedovertheenginecarefullylestit______ontheway.A.goeswrongB.gowrongC.wentwrongD.wouldgowrong42.______thefog,weshouldhavereachedourdestination.A.BecauseofB.InspiteofC.IncaseofD.Butfor43.Theoldmanwenttoofficeonfoot,buthe______bybus.A.mighthavegoneB.oughthavegoneC.couldhavegoneD.shouldbegone44.Heisworkinghardforfearthathe______topasstheexam.A.failsB.mayfailC.shouldfailD.wouldfail45.Sheputonherglassesinorderthatshe_____.A.canseeB.sawC.hadseenD.mightsee46.Whatever______we’llgoahead.A.hadhappenedB.willhappenC.mighthappenD.maybehappened47.IfI______outofink,Imighthavefinishedwritingthepaper.A.hadn’trunB.shouldn’trunC.didn’trunD.haven’trun48.Butforyouradvice,I______intotrouble.A.wouldgetB.gotC.mighthavegotD.shouldget49.______forthetrafficjam,Ishouldhavecoveredfiftymiles.A.HaditbeenB.HaditnotbeenC.IthadnotbeenD.Itnothadbeen50.Wereitnotfortheadoptionoftheopenpolicy,things______theyaretoday.A.wouldneverbeB.couldhavebeenC.wouldneverhavebeenD.didn’thave专项练习1：1—5BBDAD6—10DDCAD11—15CDCAA16—20ACAAD21—25DBCCC26—30DCCCD31—35DDCCB36—39DCAC解析：1.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。2.条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时，从句用过去完成时。3.asif后面如果表示真实情况就不用虚拟。4.Itisimportantthat是主语从句的虚拟语气，从句用sb.shoulddo的形式。5.asif后面是真实情况