高考英语复习词汇讲解1222（共12组）讲义

高考英语词汇一、Can’twait!(我)迫不及待了!【句型公式】can’twaittodosth迫不及待想做某事【句式点拨】本句是Ican’twaittogotoajazzbarintheRichmondDistrict!的省略形式,句意为“我迫不及待想去里士满区的一个爵士乐酒吧!”sbcan’twaittodosth/forsth某人等不及想做某事。【归纳拓展】canhardlywaittodosth

急于做某事can’thelpdoingsth禁不住要做某事【活学活用】◆单句填空①Stellacan’twait

(see)herfamiliesaftersuchalongandtiringjourney.

②Whenthetermisingtoanend,manystudentscan’twait

theirvacation.

③Afterhearingthefunnystory,allofuscouldn’thelp

(laugh).

◆完成句子④Theaudiencesweresoexcitedthatthey

theperformers.

观众们是如此激动以至于都迫不及待要和表演者们交谈。

【答案】to

seeforlaughingcould

not/hardly

wait

to

talk

to二、YunnanProvinceisdefinitelyoneofthemostdiverseprovincesthatIhaveeverbeento.云南省确实是我去过的最具多样性的省份之一。

【句型公式】主语+be+形容词最高级+名词+that引导的定语从句

【句式点拨】先行词provinces被形容词最高级修饰,定语从句用关系代词that引导,主句中谓语为is,从句时态用现在完成时。[温馨提示]

(1)定语从句要用that而不用which引导。(2)be动词若为is/are,

that引导的定语从句用现在完成时;be动词若为was/were,

that引导的定语从句用过去完成时。【活学活用】◆单句填空①Thisisoneofthebestnovels

havebeenpublishedthisyear.

②Woodytellsmeitisthemostimpressivegiftthathe

(receive)uptonow.

③Oneofthe

(excite)sightsinAucklandthatIhaveeverbeentoistheSkyTower.

◆完成句子④You

Don’tKnowParisisoneofthemostbeautifulballads

.

《你不了解巴黎》是他写过的最优美的情歌之一。⑤Iwastouchedbyyesterday’sconcert.Actuallyitwasoneofthebestconcerts

to.

我被昨天的音乐会感动了,实际上那是我去过的最好的音乐会之一。【答案】thathas

receivedmost

excitingthat

he

has

ever

writtenthat

I

had

been三、settlevt.&

vi.(to

make

a

place

your

permanent

home;

to

put

an

end

to

an

argument

or

a

disagreement)定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷)(1)settle

down

定居下来;使平静下来settle

down

to

(doing)

sth

安下心来做某事settle

in习惯于,适应;安顿下来(2)settlement

n.定居点;解决;协议settler

n.移民;殖民者【佳句背诵】Waituntilthestudentssettledownbeforeyoustartthelesson.

等学生都静下心来你再开始上课。【活学活用】◆一词多义①They

haven’t

yet

settled

when

the

wedding

is

going

to

begin.②After

they

got

married,

they

settled

in

Brooklyn.

③Before

a

performance,she

takes

three

deep

breaths

to

settle

hernerves.④It’s

time

you

settled

your

differences

with

your

father.◆完成句子⑤The

doctor

who

had

volunteered

inthepoorvillagebecamethehittopicofthevillagers.

这个志愿到这个穷村庄落户的医生成了村民们的中心话题。

⑥As

he

has

a

lot

of

difficult

problems

to

settle,

the

newlyelected

president

is

having

a

hard

time.→

,

the

newlyelected

president

is

having

a

hard

time.

(用with复合结构改写)【答案】①确定;安排②定居,安家③使平静下来④

解决⑤to

settle

down⑥With

a

lot

of

difficult

problems

to

settle四、constructionn.(the

work

of

building

or

making

something,

especially

buildings,

bridges,

etc.)建造;建筑;建筑物(1)under

construction

正在建设中(2)construct

vt.

建造;构筑constructive

adj.建设性的;有助益的【佳句背诵】They

had

to

bring

the

project

under

construction

to

an

end

because

of

lacking

money.

由于缺乏资金,他们不得不结束正在建设的工程。【活学活用】◆单句填空①The

local

government

raised

a

large

sum

of

money

for

railway

(construct).

②She

believes

these

talks

will

be

the

start

of

a

(construct)

and

meaningful

dialogue.③There

are

several

buildings

(construct)

by

the

Catholic

church

in

the

fifteenth

century

in

the

little

town.

◆句式改写④A

motorway

bridge

under

construction

in

Colombia

has

collapsed,

killing

at

least

10

workers

and

injuring

5

others.→A

motorway

bridge

in

Colombia

has

collapsed,

killing

at

least

10

workers

and

injuring

5

others.

(用construct改写)

【答案】①construction②constructive③constructed④(which

is)

being

constructed五、to

name

but

a

few仅举几例tonamebutafew放在句中或句末,意思是“仅举几例”。forexample一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中、句末。suchas常列举同类人或物中的几个例子,不能穷尽,可和andsoon连用,可分开使用such…as…like表示列举,可和suchas互换。【活学活用】◆单句填空①Ilikefruits,apple,banana,pear,

(name)justafew.

②Noise,

example,isakindofpollution.

③Somewarmbloodedanimals,

thecat,thedogorthewolf,donotneedtohibernate.

◆句式改写④Chinahasmanybigcities,suchasBeijing,Shanghai,Shenzhenandsoon.→Chinahasmanybigcities,Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen,

.

(同义句改写)

【答案】to

nameforliketo

name

but

a

few六、suitvt.(tobeconvenientorusefulforsb;tomakeyoulookattractive)适合;满足……需要;相配;合身

n.西装;套装(1)suitsthtosth/sb使某物适合另一事物/某人(2)suited

adj.

般配的besuitedfor/to…

适合……(3)suitable

adj.

合适的;适宜的besuitableforsb/sth适合某人/某物besuitabletodo…适合做……【易混辨析】suit,match与fit

suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配fit多指大小、形状的合适【活学活用】◆单句填空①Agoodspeakerisalwaystryingtosuithisspeech

hisaudience.

②LisuggeststraditionalChineseclotheswhileSuthinkstheschooluniformsaremore

(suit).

③JimandMaryseem

(suit)toeachother,inspiteoftheirquarrels.

◆选词填空(suit,

match与fit)④She

thecarpetwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolour.

⑤Thecolourofthispairofshoes

meverywell,butitdoesn’t

me.

◆完成句子⑥Indoingtranslation,oneshouldnotchangethemeaningoftheoriginal

.

翻译时,不应根据自己的好恶改变原文的意思。⑦IamwritingtotellyouthatI

thejobyouareadvertising.

我写信是想告诉你,我适合做你们在广告上刊登的这份工作。【答案】①to②suitable③suited④matches⑤suits

fit⑥to

suit

one’s

own

taste⑦am

suitable/fit/qualified

for七、ItislikelythatNativeAmericansmovedtoCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.

美洲土著居民很可能在至少15000年前搬到了加利福尼亚州。【句型公式】Itislikelythat…可能……【句式点拨】本句式中

it为形式主语,真正的主语为

that从句。此句型可转化为sbbelikelytodosth“某人可能做某事”。【相关拓展】Itisunlikelythat…

……是不可能的。beunlikelytodosth

不可能做某事【活学活用】◆单句填空①Themorestressyouareunder,the

(likely)youaretocatchacold.

②Theyarelikely

(fire)bythepanyjustbecauseoftheirfault.

③Ifbossesbarelymunicate,theyare

(likely)toreceiveusefulfeedback.

◆完成句子④Ifyoufinishyourworkinahurry,you

makemistakes.

→

youwillmakemistakesifyoufinishyourworkinahurry.

(用it作形式主语改写)

如果你匆匆完成你的工作,你就可能会出错。

【答案】more

likelyto

be

firedunlikelyare

likely

to

It

is

likely

that

八、WhatstartedasaresidentialareaforChineseimmigrantsthenturnedintoacentreforChineseculture.早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方后来变成了中华文化的中心。

【句型公式】what引导的名词性从句【句式点拨】本句中what引导主语从句,用作主句的主语;what是复合关系代词,此处相当于theplacethat,意为“……的地方”。此外,what还有更多的意义。如指代“……的东西”,相当于somethingthat;指代“……的时间”,相当于thetimethat;指代“……的人”,相当于thepersonthat/who等。【归纳拓展】(1)what引导主语从句时有一定的含义,并起连接作用。(2)what还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。【活学活用】◆单句填空①

Ican’tunderstandiswherehegetsallhismoney.

②Italsogivespeopleachancetosee

thenewhomelookslike.

③Thisis

myfathertaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.

◆完成句子④

inlearningaforeignlanguageisenoughpractice.

学习一门外语最要紧的是足够的练习。⑤After

,Iopenedmyeyesandfoundmyselfinbed!

在似乎过了很长时间之后,我睁开眼睛,发现自己躺在床上!⑥Exactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedin

asCalifornia,noonereallyknows.

没有人知道确切在什么时候第一批移民者到达我们现在所知的加利福尼亚州的。【答案】①What②what③what④

What

matters

most⑤

what

seemed

a

very

long

time⑥

what

we

now

know九、mentaladj.(connectedwithorhappeninginthemind;involvingtheprocessofthinking)精神的;思想的(1)mentalhealth/illness/problem心理健康

/

疾病

/

问题physicalandmentalhealth

身心健康(2)mentally

adv.

精神上;心理上physically

adv.

身体上;肉体上【活学活用】◆单句填空①It’sgoingtobeatoughpetitionbutI’m

(mental)preparedforit.

②Basketballisaninterestingsport,butit’salso

(physical)demanding.

◆完成句子③Yogacanbedonetohelpwiththestressthatesalongwithvarious

.

做瑜伽可以帮助缓解各种身心状况带来的压力。④Childrenneedfoodnotonlytosurvivebutalsotogrow

.

儿童需要食物不仅是为了生存,

还为了让身心成长。【答案】mentallyphysicallyphysical

and

mental

conditionsphysically

and

mentally十、intelligentadj.(goodatlearning,understandingandthinkinginalogicalwayaboutthings;showingthisability)有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的(1)intelligentsoftware/systems智能软件/系统ahighlyintelligentstudent非常聪明的学生(2)intelligence

n.

智力;才智;智慧artificialintelligence(AI)

人工智能apersonofhigh/lowintelligence智力高/低的人【活学活用】◆单句填空①Theyhavestudiedthedevelopmentof

(intelligent)intheanimalworldformanyyears.

②Intermsoftheenvironment,itisnowpossibletocreatean

(intelligence)walkinghouse.

◆完成句子③Theboy

thathebeganuniversitystudiesattheageoftwelve.

那个男孩子如此聪明,以至于十二岁时他就开始读大学了。④Susanisaveryintelligentwomanwhoknowsherownmind.→Susanisawoman

whoknowsherownmind.

(同义句改写)

【答案】intelligenceintelligentwas

so

intelligentof

high

intelligence十一、determinevt.(tocontrolorinfluencesomethingdirectly,ortodecidewhatwillhappen)查明;确定;决定(1)determinetodosth=makeupone’smindtodosth决心/决定做某事(表示动作)(2)determined

adj.

坚决的;有决心的bedeterminedtodosth

决心做某事(表示状态)(3)determination

n.

决定;决心【佳句背诵】Astheprofessorputsit,itisapositiveattitudethatdeterminespeople’ssuccess.正如教授所说,正是积极的态度决定人们的成功。【活学活用】◆单句填空①Her

(determine),teamworkskillsandleadershipcapabilitiesconvincedusthatshewasperfectforthejob.

②Theoldmanwasdetermined,evenathisage,

(cross)thewatertoseehisyoungestsoninNewZealand.

◆完成句子③Upbringingplaysanimportantpartin

.

后天培养对于一个人性格的形成起着重要作用。④Ashe

beforehecouldmakeabigfortune,Mikelefthomewithoutsayingaword.

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