句子基本结构与句子成分

一简单句只含一个主谓结构的句子（有时有并列主语或并列谓语动词）叫做简单句。二简单句的基本句型。1.主语+不及物动词(S+V)Thetimepassedquickly.2.主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)Wehaveplantedalotoftreesinourhometown.3.主语+系动词+表语(S+V+C)Computersareusefulinpeople’slife.4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)Heboughtmeabirthdaypresent.5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)MissWangtoldmenottobediscouraged.6.Therebe句型Therewasanoldmansittingthere.【典例剖析】指出下面句子分别属于哪个句型。①Iwillspendthissummerholidayinthecountryside.②Inthemoderncity,therearesomeproblems,suchasairpollution,crowdnessandnoise.③InthecountrysideIcanenjoyacomfortableandquietlife.④There,theairisfreshandthewaterisclean.⑤Icanhearbirdssinginginthegreentrees.⑥Icanalsogoboating,fishing,andswimminginthelake.⑦Allthiswillbeinterestingandgoodformyhealth.⑧SoIwanttogotothecountrysideforachange.1.(S+V)_____________2.(S+V+O)_________________3.(S+V+C)____________________4.(S+V+IO+DO)_______________5.(S+V+O+C)__________________6.Therebe句型______________【语言精练】基本句型（一）主语+不及物动词(S+V)1.他昨天早上起床很晚。________________________________________________________2.那天晚上我们谈了很多。________________________________________________________3.会议将持续两个小时。________________________________________________________4.1919年，在北京爆发了“五四”运动.(theMayFourthMovement)_________________________________________________________5.这个盒子重五斤。(kilo)_________________________________________________________6.五年前我住在北京。_________________________________________________________7.在过去十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。_________________________________________________________基本句型（二）主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)1.昨晚我写了一封信。__________________________________________________________2.我父亲能流利地说英语。fluently__________________________________________________________3.你介意我开窗户吗？__________________________________________________________4.你们必须在两周之内看完那些书。__________________________________________________________5.他指出我的作文中的错误。pointout,composition__________________________________________________________6.我们必须派人去请医生。_________________________________________________________7.你在工作中可以依靠他。__________________________________________________________8.写完作文后，我们必须检查一遍。goover__________________________________________________________基本句型（三）主语+系动词+表语(S+V+C)1.我的兄弟都是大学生。__________________________________________________________2.这本书是关于美国历史的书。__________________________________________________________3.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。nursery__________________________________________________________4.他失业了。__________________________________________________________5.树叶已经变黄了。__________________________________________________________6.这个报告听起来很有意思。__________________________________________________________7.布朗夫人看起来很健康。__________________________________________________________8.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。pianist__________________________________________________________9.孩子们，请保持安静。__________________________________________________________基本句型（四）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)1.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。__________________________________________________________2.请把那本字典递给我好吗？dictionary_________________________________________________________3.我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。_________________________________________________________4.我替你叫辆出租车好吗？__________________________________________________________5.这个学期我已经给父母写过三封信了。__________________________________________________________6.他把车票给列车员看。conductor__________________________________________________________基本句型（五）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)1.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。consider__________________________________________________________2.我们把小偷释放了。set…free__________________________________________________________3.他叫我们参加做游戏。__________________________________________________________4.我要你把真相告诉我。__________________________________________________________5.每天早晨，我们都听到他大声朗读英语。__________________________________________________________6.那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了。make…frightened__________________________________________________________7.他每个月理一次发。__________________________________________________________8.我们要使学校变得更美丽。__________________________________________________________句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如： Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名词） WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代词） One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.（数词） Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式） Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（动名词） Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名词化的形容词） WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主语从句） Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：Wearestudents.（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如： OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.（名词） Isityours?（代词） Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容词） Thespeechisexciting.（分词） Threetimessevenistwentyone?（数词） HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式） Hishobby（爱好）isplayingfootball.（动名词） Themachinemustbeoutoforder.（介词短语） Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副词） Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表语从句）（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： Theywenttoseeanexhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词） Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.（代词） Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.（数词） Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名词化形容词） Hepretendednottoseeme.（不定式短语） Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.（动名词短语） Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.（宾语从句） 宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lendmeyourdictionary,please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如：HisfathernamedhimDongming.（名词）Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.（形容词）Letthefreshairin.（副词）Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.（不定式短语）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（现在分词）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介词短语）Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.（从句）（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示： Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容词） Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.（分词） Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.（名词） HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.（代词） Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短语） Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.（动名词） HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.（介词短语）（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示： Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副词及副词性词组） Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语） Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.（不定式短语） Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分词短语） Waitaminute.（名词） Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（状语从句） 状语种类如下： Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（时间状语） Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原因状语） Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.（条件状语） MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地点状语） Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式状语） Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（伴随状语） Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的状语） Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（结果状语） Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（让步状语） Iamtallerthanheis.（比较状语）【语言精练】一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.20.Theapplestastedsweet.二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语（—）、谓语（＝）、宾语（～）：Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语（—）、状语（＝）、补语（～）：MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.四、选择填空：()1.____willleaveforBeijing.A.Nowtheretheman B.ThemanherenowC.Themanwhoisherenow D.Themanisherenow()2.Theweather____.A.wetandcold B.iswetandcold C.notwetandcold D.werewetandcold()3.Theappletasted____.A.sweets B.sweetly C.nicely D.sweet()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.A.lately B.late C.latest D.latter()5.Theactor______attheageof70.A.deadB.died C.dyed D.deaded()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.A.We,usB.Us,we C.We,our D.We,we()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.A.crowd B.crowding C.crowded D.crowdedly()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.A.its B.it C.that D.thatis()9.Thedog____mad.A.looks B.islooked C.isbeinglooked D.waslooked()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.A.that B.when C.inwhich D.where简单句、并列句和复合句（一）句子种类两种分类法1、按句子的用途可分四种：1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：Heissixyearsold;Shedidn’thearofyoubefore.2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Dotheylikeskating?Howoldishe?Ishesixorsevenyearsold?Marycanswim,can’tshe?3）祈使句：Becareful,boys;Don’ttalkinclass4）感叹句：Howclevertheboyis!2、按句子的结构可分三种：1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。e.g.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning. TomandMikeareAmericanboys. Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.2)并列句：由并列连词（and,but,or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。e.g.Youhelphimandhehelpsyou. Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。e.g.TheforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereattheGreatWall.（二）简单句的五种基本句型1、主语+系动词+表语：e.g.Heisastudent.2、主语+不及物动词：e.g.Wework.3、主语+及物动词+宾语：e.g.Henryboughtadictionary.4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g.Myfatherboughtmeacar.5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：e.g.Tommadethebabylaugh.注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。（三）并列句的分类 1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,then等连接。e.g.Theteacher’snameisSmith,andthestudent’snameisJohn. 2、表示选择，常用的连词有or,either…or…,otherwise等。e.g.Hurryup,oryou’llmissthetrain. 3、表示转折，常用的连词有but,still,however,yet,while,when等。e.g.Hewasalittlemanwiththickglasses,buthehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting. 4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so,for,therefore等。e.g.Augustisthetimeoftheyearforriveharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.句子的基本类型类型1：主语+谓语（+状语）Example1:主语谓语句义1Fireburns.火燃烧。2Birdsfly.鸟飞翔。3Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.我们都呼吸、吃饭、喝水。4Themoonhasrisen.月亮已经升起来了。5Thesunwasshining.太阳照耀着。Example2:主语谓语状语（副词/介词短语/名词）名义1Heworkshard.他努力工作。2Sheisworkingquickly.她快速的走着。3Itwasrainingheavily.下雨得很大。4Wewillarrivesoon.我我们很快会到达。5Hestoodthere.他站在那儿。6Sheisreadinginthesun.她在阳光下读书。7Therainlastedallday.雨下了一整天.8Theyhadtravelledalongway.他们已经走了很长的路。9Wewaitedtwohours.我们等了两小时。10Itweighstwotons.它重两吨。11Westayedthewholenight.我们呆了整整一个晚上。12Hemaylivemanyyears.他也许能活好多年。Example3:主语谓语状语(不定式/分词)句义1Westoppedtohavearest.我们停下来休息一会儿.2Ireturnedtogetmybook.我回来取书.3Hearrivedonlytofindthebusleaving.他到达时却发现车正离开.4Hestoodthere,begging.他站在那儿乞讨.5Sheran.followedbyadog.她跑着,后面跟着一条狗.类型2:主语+谓语+宾语Example1:主语谓语宾语(名/代)句义1Hecuthisfinger.他割伤了他的手指.2Wehavealreadyhadbreakfast.我们已经吃过了早饭.3Ababycannotdressitself.婴儿不能自己穿衣.4Welitafire.我们点起了一堆火.5Idugahole.我挖了一个洞.Example2:主语谓语宾语(不定式)句义1Ihavepromisedtohelpthem.我已经答应帮助他们.2Theydecidednottogo.他们绝不会去.3Hepretendednottoseeme.他假装没有看见我。4Weplannedtobuyit.我们计划买下它。5Heagreedtopayforit.他同意负担它的费用。6Iwonderhowtodoit.我茫然不知如何做。7Idon’tknowwhattodo.我不知道怎么办。8Shewaswonderingwhichtobuy.她正不知买哪个好。9Youmustrememberwhentobegin.你必须记住何时开始。10Idon’tknowwheretogo.我不知去哪儿。Example3:主语谓语宾语(动名词)句义1Heenjoysplayingchess.他喜欢下棋。2Theyremembereddoingit.他们记得曾做过此事。3Shedon’tmindmysmoking.她不介意我吸烟。4Wesuggestedchangingit.我们建议改变它。5Hecouldn’thelplaughing.他忍不住大笑起来。Example4:主语谓语宾语从句句义1Ihope(that)youwillcomehere.我希望你来这里。2Isuppose(that)youwillbethere.我猜想你会在那里。3Heexplained(that)nothingcouldbedone.他解释说什么都没做。4Idon’tthink(that)itwillraintomorrow.我认为明天不会下雨。5Hesaw(that)theplanwasuseless.他明白那计划没用。6Isuggested(that)heshouldleaveearly.我建议他早些离开。7Iwonderwhyhehasnotcome.我想知道他为什么没来。8Iwonderwhether(if)hewillcome.我想知道他是否会来。9Idonotmindwherewego.我们去哪里我都不介意。10Heknowswhosheis.他知道她是谁。11Idonotcarewhatyouthink.我不在乎你怎么想。12Nobodyknowswhoseitis.没人知道它是谁的。类型3:主语+谓语+表语Example1:主语系动词表语句义1Thisisabook.这是一本书。2Thisbookismine.这本书是我的。3Theyarehard-working.他们很勤劳。Example2:主语系动词表语句义1Theboylooksasmartboy这孩子看起来很伶俐。2Thisfilmseemsmoving.这部电影似乎很动人。3Youappearallright.你好像身体很好。4Hegotdrunk.他喝醉了。5Sheturnedpaleatthethought.一想到这，她脸变得苍白。6Theroombecamecrowdedsoon.房间很快拥挤起来。7Thewellrandry.井干了。8Thefoodwentbad.食物发霉了。9Sheremainedcalm.她保持冷静。10Theshopstaysopenuntil12.商店营业直到现在12点。11Thetoolproved(tobe)useful.这工具证明很有用。12Cottonfeelssoft棉花摸上去很柔软。13Ifeltpuzzledandupset.工感到困惑不安。14Hersongsoundssweet.她的歌听起来很甜。15Thefoodtastesdelicious.这食物尝起来很可口.16Flowerssmellpleasant.花儿闻起来很怡人.17Hekeepssilentallday.他一整天不说话.类型4：主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语Example1:主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语句义1Igavemyfriendthemoney.我给了朋友钱。2Theytoldusthenews.他们告诉我们这消息。3Weshowedourteachersthepictures.我们给老师看了照片。4Ididn’tlendanybodymybooks.我没有把书借给任何人。5Heofferedmesomemoney.他给了我一些钱。6Iowethetailortenpounds.我欠裁缝十英镑。7Hehandedherthesalt.他把盐递给了她。8Iwillbringthemsomepeanuts.我将给他们带些花生。Example2:主语谓语直接宾语to介词宾语句义1Igavethemoney.tomyfriend我给了朋友钱。2Theytoldthenews.tous他们告诉我们这消息。3Weshowedthepictures.toourteachers我们给老师看了照片。4Ididn’tlendmybooks.toanybody我没有把书借给任何人。5Heofferedsomemoney.tome他给了我一些钱。6Iowetenpounds.tothetailor我欠裁缝十英镑。7Hehandedthesalt.toher他把盐递给了她。8Iwillbringsomepeanuts.tothem我将给他们带些花生。Example3:主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语句义1Iboughtmywifeagoldwatch.我给妻子买了一块金表。2Theysavedmesomemoney.他们给我储蓄了一些钱。3Shemadeherselfanewdress.她给自己做了一套新衣服。4Ilefthimsomefood.我给他留了些食物。5Hegotmetwotickets.他给我买了两张票。6Ididhimafavor.我帮了他一个忙。Example4:主语谓语直接宾语for间接宾语句义1Iboughtagoldwatch.formywife我给妻子买了一块金表。2Theysavedsomemoney.forme他们给我储蓄了一些钱。3Shemadeanewdress.forherself她给自己做了一套新衣服。4Ileftsomefood.forhim我给他留了些食物。5Hegottwotickets.forme他给我买了两张票。6Ididafavor.forhim我帮了他一个忙。类型5：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语Example1:主语谓语宾语(名/代)宾补(不定式todo)句义1Iaskedhertoopenthewindow.我要她打开窗户.2Hewantsmetobeearly.他想要我早到.3Helikeshiswife.todresswell.他喜欢妻子穿得漂亮.4Iwarnedhimnottobelate.我警告他不要迟到.5Sheallowedmetosmokehere.她允许我在这儿吸烟.Example2:主语谓语宾语(名/代)宾补(不定式tobe)句义1Theybelievedhim(tobe)innocent.他们相信他是无辜的.2Weconsiderher(tobe)honest.我们认为她是诚实的.3Iconsiderit(tobe)ashame.我认为这是一个耻辱.4WethinkTom(tobe)bright.我们认为汤姆聪明.5Weprovedhim(tobe)wrong.我们证明了他是错误的.Example3:主语谓语宾语(名/代)宾补(省to的不定式)句义1Imadehimfinishthejob.我让他做完那件工作.2Youmustn’tletthematterresthere.你不可让这事停下来。3Iwillhavehimdothework.我会让他做这件工作。4Hehelpedme(to)carrythebox.他帮我搬箱子。5Iheardsomeonecomein.我听到有人进来。6Wesawthemgoout.我们看见他们出去了。7Ifeltthehouseshake.我感到房子摇动。8Shenoticedthethiefleavetheshop.她看到贼离开了商店。Example4:主语谓语宾语（名/代）宾补(现在分词)句义1Isawhimrunningoff.我看到他跑开了。2Ismeltsomethingburning.我闻到有东西在燃烧。3Wewatchedherleaving.我们看着她离去。4Ifeltthehouseshaking.我感到房子在摇动。5Theyleftmestandingoutside.他们留下我站在外边。6Wefoundthemworking.我们发现他们在在工作。7Shekeptmewaiting.他让我久等。8Heheardsomeoneshoutingforhelp.他听到有人喊救命。Example5:主语谓语宾语（名/代）宾补（过去分词）句义1Youmustgetyourhaircut.你必须要理发了。2Shehadanewcapmade.她找人做了顶新冒子。3Weheardasongsung.我们听到有人唱歌。4Hesawthehousebrokeninto.他看到房子被破门而入。5Theyfoundhimbeaten.他们发现他被人打了。Example6:主语谓语宾语（名/代）宾补（形容词）句义1Hegothisshoesdirty.他把鞋子弄脏了。2Itkeepsuswarm.它使我们保持暖和。3Ifoundtheboxempty.我发现箱子是空的。4Hepaintedthedooryellow.他把门染成了黄色。5Iwishherhappy.我但愿她幸福。Example7:主语谓语宾语（名/代）宾补（名词）句义1Wemadehimmonitor.我们选他当班长。2TheynamedtheirsonHenry.他们给孩子取名亨利。3IcalledhimUncleLee.我叫他李叔叔。4WechoseTomchairman.我们选汤姆当主席。5TheyelectedhimPresident.他们选举他为总统。二．判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句：Ihopeyouareverywell（ ）.I'mfine,buttired（ ）.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm（ ）.Augustisthehottestmonthhere（ ）.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.（ ）Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors（ ）.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat（ ）.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm（ ）.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim（ ）.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest（ ）.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden（ ）.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere（ ）.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden（ ）.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell（ ）.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden（ ）.MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime（ ）.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy（ ）.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside（ ）.It'sgreat（ ）!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion（ ）.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer（ ）.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty（ ）.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates（ ）.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates（ ）.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime（ ）.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina（ ）?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep（ ）.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents（ ）.三、选择填空：1.Givemeonemoreminute____I’llbeabletofinishit. A.and B.or C.if D.so2.It’sthethirdtimethatJohnhasbeenlate,____? A.hasn’the B.isn’theC.isn’tit D.hasn’tit3.____joyfulhewastomeethisbrotheragain! A.How B.What C.Whata D.Whatan4.Letuspass,____? A.shan’twe B.shallwe C.won’twe D.willyou5.Isupposehe’sserious,____? A.doI B.don’tI C.ishe D.isn’the6.Youhadbetternotsmokehere,____? A.willyou B.hadyou C.shallyou D.haveyou7.Trainashardasyoucan____you’llwintheswimmingcompetition. A.then B.but C.and D.or8.I’msorrytohavetosaythis,____youforgottoturnoffthelightswhenyoulefttheroomlastnight. A.and B.but C.so D.because9.Johnhasnotyetpassedthedrivingtest,and____. A.Henryhasn’ttoo B.HenryalsohasnoteitherC.neitherHenryhasD.neitherhasHenry10.Therearemanysportsloversinhisoffice.Someloveclimbing,____othersenjoyswimming. A.or B.for C.while D.so11.----Doyoufeellikegoingout____wouldyouratherhavedinnerathome?----I’dliketogoout. A.or B.and C.but D.so12.----“____isthetemperaturetoday?” ----“It’s38degrees.” A.Which B.How C.Howhot D.Howhigh13.----Youruncleisn’tanengineer,ishe? ----____. A.Yes,heisn’t B.No,heisn’t C.No,heis D.Heis14.____friendly____toeveryone! A.How,isshe B.What,isshe C.How,sheis D.What,sheis15.Marywenttobedearly,____shefeltverytired. A.or B.so C.for D.yet16.Mother____adresswhenshecutherfinger. A.wasmaking B.makes C.ismaking D.made17.Helayinbed____readsomethingborrowedfromlibrary. A.but B.and C.or D.yet18.----I’dreallylikesomelunchbutIhavesomuchworktodo.----____whatyouwantandIcangetitforyou. A.Tellme B.Ifyouwouldsaytome C.Youwilltellme D.Ifyoutellme19.Asheisstrong,____canliftonehundredpounds. A.yethe B.buthe C.and D.he20.----Ithoughtyouhadanumbrella. ----Ihad,____I’velostit. A.since B.but C.because D.so21.____downtheradio----thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom. A.Turning B.Toturn C.Turned D.Turn22.----Idon’tlikechicken____fish. ----Idon’tlikechicken____Ilikefishverymuch. A.and,and B.and,but C.