贵州省遵义市余庆县2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末考试生物试题

2023-2024学年上学期高一11月月中考试英语试卷一、阅读理解（每题2.5分，15题共37.5分）AOnlineCoursesFrontierPhysicsFurtheryourunderstandingofmodernphysicsanddiscoverhowwecansolvesocialproblemsbydevelopingfuturetechnologies.OnthiscoursefromtheUniversityofWashington,you’llexploreareasofthelatestphysicsresearch.You’llalsolookatsomereal-worldphysicsapplications(应用)tobuildyourskills.Period:threeweeksWeeklystudy:fourhoursSuccessfulCommunicationBuildpracticalcommunicationskillsandlearnhowtouseandapplytheseskillstoyourlife.Onthisseven-weekcoursefromtheUniversityofMichigan,you’lldiscoverandpracticethefourstepstosuccessfulcommunication,andlearnstrategiestodoitbetter.Period:sevenweeksWeeklystudy:twohoursQualityImprovementinHealthcareWhyisqualityimprovementinhealthandsocialcaresystemssodifficult?Whyisitsochallengingtobringinnewandbetterwaysoforganizinghealthandsocialcareservices?Manyreasonshavebeenputforward.ThiscoursefromtheUniversityofChicagoexploresnewandbetterwaysoforganizinghealthandsocialcareservicestoimprovequality.Period:sixweeksWeeklystudy:threehoursHowtoCreateVideosforOnlineCoursesOnthistwo-weekcoursefromtheUniversityofEdinburgh,you’lllearnhowtouseyourmobilephonetocreateonlinecoursevideos.Period:twoweeksWeeklystudy:twohours1.HowlongdoesFrontierPhysicslast?更多课件教案等优质滋元可家威杏MXSJ663A.Twoweeks. B.Threeweeks. C.Sixweeks. D.Sevenweeks.2.Whichcoursewillyouchooseifyouwanttoknowhowtomakepoliteconversation?A.FrontierPhysics.B.SuccessfulCommunication.C.QualityImprovementinHealthcare.D.HowtoCreateVideosforOnlineCourses.3.WhatwillyoudoonthecoursefromtheUniversityofEdinburgh?A.Takecareofsomepatients.B.Explorethelatestphysicstechnologies.C.Makevideosonyourmobilephone.D.Findsolutionstopoorsocialcareservices.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四门在线课程的细节。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据FrontierPhysics一节中“Period:threeweeks(期限：三周)”可知，该课程为期三周。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据SuccessfulCommunication一节中“Buildpracticalcommunicationskillsandlearnhowtouseandapplytheseskillstoyourlife.(培养实用的沟通技能，学习如何在生活中使用和应用这些技能。)”可知，想了解如何礼貌地交谈，可以选择SuccessfulCommunication这门课程。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据HowtoCreateVideosforOnlineCourses一节中“Onthistwo-weekcoursefromtheUniversityofEdinburgh,you’lllearnhowtouseyourmobilephonetocreateonlinecoursevideos.(在爱丁堡大学为期两周的课程中，你将学习如何使用手机创建在线课程视频。)”可知，在该课程上，可以学习如何用手机制作网络教学视频。故选C。BAnationalheroandaworldnumberoneinbadminton,LeeChongWeiissurelyoneofMalaysia'sbest-knownathletes.Hehasreceivednumerousmedals.LeeandNicolDavid,whoisalsoaMalaysianplayer,receivedthetitleofDatukduetotheoutstandingachievementstheyhadbroughttothecountry.Havingastrongwill,Leecontinuallychallengedhimselftoriseabovethecompetitors,narrowlymissingoutonthegoldmedalandtakingthesilveratthe2012LondonOlympics.HemanagedtowinhisninthMalaysianOpentitlein2013,breakingarecordsetbyMalaysianathleteWongPengSoonin1954;andin2014,hehadhisfifthJapanOpentitle.Regrettablyinlate2014,LeeChongWeiwasforbiddentocompeteforeightmonthsaftertestingpositivefordrugs(药物).TheWorldBadmintonFederation(WBF),afterinvestigations(调查)andahearing,saidthattheydidnotthinkLeeChongWeitriedtocheatonpurpose,sohewasallowedtocontinuetoplay.Hisworldrankingsufferedasaresultofthepunishmentbuthe'smakinghiswaybackup.In2016,LeeChongWeiwonhis11thMalaysianOpenandfifthMalaysianMasterstitles.HealsobeatLinDaninthesemi-finalsandWorldNo.1ChenLonginthefinalsoftheAsianBadmintonChampionshiptowintheprize.HehasbecometheWorldNo.1playerandcontinuedtoactasasourceofencouragementtofutureMalaysianathleteswishingtomakeanameintheworld.4.HowdidLeeplayattheLondonOlympics?A.Hecameinsecond. B.Hefinishedthird.C.Hewonagoldmedal. D.Hebrokearecord.5.WhywasLeepunishedinlate2014?A.Hefailedadrugtest. B.Hehitaplayeronthehead.C.Hecheatedonpurpose. D.Hefoughtwiththecoach.6.WhodidLeebeatinthefinalsofthe2016AsianBadmintonChampionship?A.LinDan. B.ChenLong. C.WongPengSoon. D.NicolDavid.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Life. B.Education. C.Sports. D.Hcalth.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了马来西亚最知名的运动员之一LeeChongWei在羽坛取得的非凡成绩。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Havingastrongwill,Leecontinuallychallengedhimselftoriseabovethecompetitors,narrowlymissingoutonthegoldmedalandtakingthesilveratthe2012LondonOlympics.(凭借坚强的意志，Lee不断挑战自己，超越竞争对手，在2012年伦敦奥运会上与金牌擦肩而过，获得银牌。)”可知，Lee在伦敦奥运会上获得第二名。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Regrettablyinlate2014,LeeChongWeiwasforbiddentocompeteforeightmonthsaftertestingpositivefordrugs(药物).(令人遗憾的是，2014年底，LeeChongWei因药检呈阳性而被禁赛8个月。)”可知，LeeChongWei因没有通过药检而受到惩罚。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“HealsobeatLinDaninthesemi-finalsandWorldNo.1ChenLonginthefinalsoftheAsianBadmintonChampionshiptowintheprize.(他还在半决赛中击败林丹，在亚洲羽毛球锦标赛决赛中击败世界排名第一的谌龙，获得冠军。)”可知，他在2016年亚洲羽毛球锦标赛决赛中击败了ChenLong。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Anationalheroandaworldnumberoneinbadminton,LeeChongWeiissurelyoneofMalaysia'sbest-knownathletes.(作为民族英雄和羽毛球世界第一，LeeChongWei无疑是马来西亚最知名的运动员之一。)”可知，本文主要介绍了马来西亚最知名的运动员之一LeeChongWei在羽坛取得的非凡成绩，故本文应该出自报纸的体育栏。故选C项。CColorscanaffect(影响)ourfeelings.Blueisacalm(冷静的)color.Ifyouarefeelingnervous(紧张),youcanwearblueclothesorstayinablueroom.Blueisalsothecolorofsadness.Whensomeonesayshe’sfeelingblue,hemeansheissad.Whitecanalsomakeyoufeelcalm.Soyoucanwearwhitetooifyouarenervous.Andwhiteoftenmeansanewbeginning.Greenisthecolorofnature.Itcangiveusmoreenergywhenwearefeelingtired.Somecolorscanmakeyoufeelwarm.Incoldareas,peopleusuallyusewarmcolorsintheirhomes,likeorangeandyellow.Yellowisalsothecolorofwisdom.Somepeoplepreferthiscolorwhentheystudyforexams.Forexample,theymayuseyellowschoolthings.Redisoneofthestrongcolors.Itoftenmakesusfeelactive.Butthiscolorcanalsomeandanger.Soitisoftenusedinstopsigns(停车标志)andlights.8.WhichmaybeNOTgoodforyouifyouarenervous?A.Wearwhiteclothes. B.Wearblueclothes.C.Stayinaredroom. D.Stayinablueroom.9.Ifyouaresad,youcansay“______”A.Ilikeblue. B.I’mfeelingwhite.CIlikewhite. D.I’mfeelingblue.10.Whatcolorscanmakeyoufeelwarm?A.Yellowandblue. B.Yellowandorange.C.Whiteandgreen. D.Blueandwhite.11.Theword“wisdom”means_____inChinese.A.智慧 B.消极 C.愉快 D.正义12.WhichisTRUE?A.Whitecanmakeusfeeltired. B.Redisoftenusedinstopsigns.C.Orangecanmeandangersometimes. D.Greensymbolizesanewbeginning.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A12.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了不同的颜色会带给我们不同的感觉。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Blueisacalm(冷静的)color.Ifyouarefeelingnervous(紧张),youcanwearblueclothesorstayinablueroom.(蓝色是一种平静的颜色。如果你感到紧张，你可以穿蓝色的衣服或者呆在蓝色的房间里。)”和第二段“Whitecanalsomakeyoufeelcalm.Soyoucanwearwhitetooifyouarenervous.(白色也能让你感到平静。所以如果你紧张的话，你也可以穿白色的。)”以及最后一段的“Redisoneofthestrongcolors.Itoftenmakesusfeelactive.(红色是强烈的颜色之一。它经常使我们感到活跃。)”可知蓝色和白色都有助于缓解紧张情绪，因此如果你是紧张的，你可以穿白色或者蓝色的衣服，待着蓝色的房间里，红色让人活跃，待着红色的房间里可能不好。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Whensomeonesayshe’sfeelingblue,hemeansheissad.(当某人说他感觉很忧郁时，他的意思是他很伤心。)”可知，如果你是悲伤的，你可以说“我感觉忧郁”。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Somecolorscanmakeyoufeelwarm.Incoldareas,peopleusuallyusewarmcolorsintheirhomes,likeorangeandyellow.(有些颜色会让你感到温暖。在寒冷地区，人们通常在家里使用暖色，比如橙色和黄色)”可知橙色或者黄色能让人感到温暖。故选B。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段下文“Somepeoplepreferthiscolorwhentheystudyforexams.(有些人在备考时更喜欢这种颜色。)”可知此处说的是黄色是智慧的颜色，所以wisdom的意思应为智慧，故选A。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Redisoneofthestrongcolors.Itoftenmakesusfeelactive.Butthiscolorcanalsomeandanger.Soitisoftenusedinstopsignsandlights.(红色是一种强烈的颜色。它常常使我们感到活跃。但这种颜色也可能意味着危险。因此，它经常被用于停车标志和指示灯。)”可知，红色是强烈的颜色，也可能意味着危险，因此“它经常被用于停车标志和指示灯”正确。故选B。DWhatdoesBeijing’sPalaceMuseumlooklikeatnight?Manypeopledon’tknowtheanswertothisquestion,asitclosesataround4:30p.minwinterand5:00p.minsummer.However,tocelebratetheLanternFestival,Beijing’sPalaceMuseumopeneditsdoortothepublicafterdark——fortwonightsonly.That’safirstin94years!Althoughpeoplecouldgetfreeticketsonthemuseum’swebsite,itwasdifficulttogetaticket.Thewebsiteevenstoppedworkingforawhilebecausetoomanypeoplevisiteditatthesametime.ZhangZhifu,a77-year-oldwoman,receivedaticketfromthemuseumasagift.“IgrewupinBeijingandIvisitedthePalaceMuseumeveryyear,butInevergottoseeitatnight,Itistrulyanhonor.”Shesaid.InthepastcelebratingtheLanternFestivalwasatraditionfortheimperial(皇帝的)family.“Wewanttopassthetraditiononandgivepeoplemorefestivalexperience.”SaidShanJixiong,theheadofthePalaceMuseum.OnthenightofFebruary19th,2019,about3,000visitorsspenttheLanternFestivalinthePalaceMuseum.13.Beijing’sPalaceMuseumclosesataround4:30p.min________.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter14.TocelebratetheLanternFestival.Beijing’sPalaceMuseumopenedafterdarkforonly______.A.onenight B.twonights C.threenights D.fournights15.Themuseum’swebsiteevenstoppedworkingforawhilebecause_________.A.toomanypeoplevisiteditatthesametime.B.thereweren’tenoughticketsC.thePalaceMuseumwastoocrowdedD.nobodywantedtoseethePalaceMuseumatnight16.ItisonFebruary19th,2019.A.NationalDay B.theLanternFestival C.theDragonBoatFestival D.Mid-AutumnFestival【答案】13.D14.B15.A16.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京故宫博物院的情况。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Manypeopledon’tknowtheanswertothisquestion,asitclosesataround4:30p.minwinterand5:00p.minsummer.（许多人不知道这个问题的答案，因为它在冬天大约在下午4:30关闭，夏天大约在下午5:00关闭。）”可知，北京故宫博物院冬天大约在下午4:30关闭，故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,tocelebratetheLanternFestival,Beijing’sPalaceMuseumopeneditsdoortothepublicafterdark——fortwonightsonly.（然而，为了庆祝元宵节，北京故宫博物院在天黑后向公众敞开大门——只开放了两个晚上。）”可知，为了庆祝元宵节，故宫会在天黑后开放两天，故选B项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thewebsiteevenstoppedworkingforawhilebecausetoomanypeoplevisiteditatthesametime.（因为有太多人同时访问，网站甚至暂停了一段时间。）”可知，网站暂停是因为有太多人同时访问，故选A项。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“OnthenightofFebruary19th,2019,about3,000visitorsspenttheLanternFestivalinthePalaceMuseum.（2019年2月19日晚上，大约3000名游客在故宫博物院过元宵节）”可知，2019年2月19日是元宵节，故选B项。五、七选五HowtoBeaGoodFriendIt’simportanttohavefriendsatdifferenttimesofourlives.Theymayserveadifferentpurposeaswegetolder,buttheyarestillimportanttous.____17____.Luckily,herearesometrueelements(要素)ofbeingagoodfriend.HonestyWhenthingscomeupinlifethatmaynothavebeenthebestchoice,youhavetobeabletotellyourfriendsaboutit.Theyshouldofferthesameinreturn.Ifyouweresupposedtogooutwithafriendandsomethingcomesupthatyouwouldpreferdoing,behonestandtellyourfriend.Agoodfriendwillunderstandandwantyoutotakeadvantageoftheopportunity(机会).____18____.Support____19____.Youmayhaveasignificant(重要)otherwhoispartofyoursupportsystem,butsometimesyouneedagoodfriendwhoknowsyouwellandwhoknowsthethingstosayandnot.Goodfriendswhoarepartofyoursupportsystemalsoneedtobehonest.Youhavetoknowthattheywillbethereforyou.____20____Sometimeswedon’tneedtohearadviceorstories.Weneedsomeonewhowilllistentous.Anactivelistenerwhoistheretolistencanbethebestmedicine.Aswetalkthroughfeelings,wemaycometoourownrealizationsaboutwhathasbeensaid.Wedon’talwaysneedtohearsomeoneelse’stalkonwhathashappened.____21____.A.AgoodlistenerB.Followingafriend’sadviceC.ThentryyourbesttoachieveyourdreamD.ItmaybehardertomakeandkeepfriendsovertimeE.WeneedaclosefriendwhoiswillingtolistenwithhisheartF.Whenyouareataloss,it’simportanttohavesomeonetoturntoG.Ifyoulietothefriendandhelaterfindsoutaboutit,itmayhurtthefriendship【答案】17.D18.G19.F20.A21.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述的是如何成为一个好朋友。【17题详解】根据后文“Luckily,herearesometrueelements(要素)ofbeingagoodfriend.(幸运的是，这里有一些成为好朋友的好方法)”可知，此处强调成为他人好朋友的好方法。故前文应该提出方法针对的问题即成为他人的好朋友是不容易的。D项“Itmaybehardertomakeandkeepfriendsovertime(随着时间的流逝，维持一段友谊越发不易)”引起下文。故选D。【18题详解】根据空前的“Ifyouweresupposedtogooutwithafriendandsomethingcomesupthatyouwouldpreferdoing,behonestandtellyourfriend.(如果你本来要和朋友出去，但发生了你更喜欢做的事情，诚实地告诉你的朋友)”可知，此处强调对朋友要诚实。G选项“Ifyoulietothefriendandhelaterfindsoutaboutit,itmayhurtthefriendship(如果你对朋友撒谎，而他后来发现了，这可能会伤害友谊)”举例说明，如果要对朋友说谎，随后他知道了事情的原委，这样会伤害到朋友间的情谊，即强调诚实的重要性。故选G。【19题详解】根据本段小标题“Support(支持)”可知，本段强调互相支持的重要性。F选项“Whenyouareataloss,it’simportanttohavesomeonetoturnto.(当你不知所措的时候，有人可以求助是很重要的)”中与标题呼应，强调当你不知所措时，有别人支持的重要性。故选F。【20题详解】此处是本段小标题。根据后文“Anactivelistenerwhoistheretolistencanbethebestmedicine.(一个积极的倾听者是最好的良药)”可知，本段主要讲述的是倾听的重要性，即作为一个好的倾听者是也是维系友谊的一个方法。A选项“Agoodlistener(一个好的倾听者)”引起下文，概括本段的内容。故选A。【21题详解】根据空前“Wedon’talwaysneedtohearsomeoneelse’stalkonwhathashappened.(我们并不总是需要听别人谈论发生了什么)”可知，我们不需要听别人谈论发生了什么，那么后文应该指出我们需要什么？E选项“Weneedaclosefriendwhoiswillingtolistenwithhisheart.(我们需要一个愿意用心倾听的挚友)”指出我们需要一个愿意用心倾听的密友，与前文对应，符合语境。故选E。六、完形填空Whatmakesahome?Love,sympathyandconfidence.Itisaplacewhereloveexistsamongallthemembersofthefamily.Theparentstakegoodcareoftheirchildren,____22____thechildrenarecuriousabouttheactivitiesoftheirparents.Thus,allofthemare____23____togetherbylove,andtheyfindtheirhomethe____24____placeintheworld.Butforme,sometimesIcan’tfeelthelovefrommyfatherandcan’tfeelthe____25____ofthehome.____26____oftenhappenbetweenus.“BANG!”thedoorcausedaprotest(抗议).“Never____27____thishouseagain!”shoutedfather.Withtearswellingupinmyeyes,Irushedoutofthehouseandranalongthestreet.Ayoungfatherwhoheldachildinhisarmwalked____28____me.IfeltasifIsawmy____29____fromanotherspace:happyandharmonious.ButthenIdidn’tknow____30____itwasbecauseIhadgrownuporbecauseDadwasgetting_____31_____.Wewerejustliketwopeoplecomingfromtwodifferentworlds.Itfeltliketherewasaniron_____32_____betweenusthatcouldneverbeopened.Iwanderedthestreets_____33_____adestinationinmymind.Myheartwas_____34_____onthishotsummernight.AsIwalkedon,therewerefewerandfewerpeopleinthestreets,untilIhadonlystreetstokeepmecompany.WhenIfinallyreachedthehigh-riseapartmentblockinwhichIlived,Isawthatthelightwasstill_____35_____.Ithoughttomyself,“Isfatherwaitingforme,orishestillangrywithme?”Afteralonghesitation,Iopenedthedoorandinstantlytearsrandownmycheeks.IsuddenlyrealizedthattheirondoorthatIhad_____36_____betweenusdidnotexistatallbecauseloveissecondtonone.22.A.or B.so C.and D.but23.A.put B.tied C.caught D.led24.A.richest B.funniest C.farthest D.happiest25.A.warmth B.legend C.interest D.debate26.A.Regrets B.Adventures C.Dangers D.Quarrels27.A.putheartin B.setfootin C.buryheadin D.takeinterestin28.A.along B.past C.beyond D.over29.A.adulthood B.birth C.childhood D.youth30.A.what B.how C.why D.whether31.A.old B.awkward C.angry D.admirable32.A.house B.door C.wall D.block33.A.with B.across C.without D.from34.A.unhappy B.moved C.confused D.frozen35.A.on B.off C.out D.in36.A.created B.built C.imagined D.opened【答案】22.C23.B24.D25.A26.D27.B28.B29.C30.D31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A36.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者与父亲争吵后的经历让作者意识到家才是最快乐的地方，与父亲之间的隔阂是自己想象出来的，爱才是无与伦比的。【22题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：父母对孩子照顾得很好，孩子对父母的活动也很好奇。A.or或者；B.so所以；C.and并且；D.but但是。根据上文“Theparentstakegoodcareoftheirchildren”和下文“thechildrenarecuriousabouttheactivitiesoftheirparents.”的句意可知，上下文之间为并列关系。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他们都被爱联系在一起，他们发现他们的家是世界上最幸福的地方。A.put放置；B.tied系，使紧密结合；C.caught抓住；D.led引导。根据上文中的“Itisaplacewhereloveexistsamongallthemembersofthefamily.”可知，这是一个爱存在于所有家庭成员之间的地方，由此可知，此处指的是爱把所有人“联系”在一起，符合语境。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：因此，他们都被爱联系在一起，他们发现他们的家是世界上最幸福的地方。A.richest最富的；B.funniest最滑稽的；C.farthest最远的；D.happiest最幸福的。根据上文中的“Thus,allofthemare____2____togetherbylove”可知，一家人都被爱联系在一起，由此可知，此处指的是家是“最幸福的”地方，符合句意。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是对我来说，有时候我感觉不到爸爸的爱，感觉不到家的温暖。A.warmth温暖；B.legend传奇；C.interest兴趣；D.debate争论。根据上文中的“Butforme,sometimesIcan’tfeelthelovefrommyfather”可知，作者感觉不到父亲的爱，所以，此处指的是感觉不到家的“温暖”符合语境。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们之间经常发生争吵。A.Regrets遗憾；B.Adventures冒险；C.Dangers危险；D.Quarrels争吵。根据下文中的““BANG!”thedoorcausedaprotest(抗议).“Never____6____thishouseagain!”shoutedfather.”可知，此处指的是“争吵”经常发生在作者与父亲之间。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“别再踏进这房子一步!”父亲喊道。A.putheartin全身心投入；B.setfootin踏进；C.buryheadin埋头于；D.takeinterestin对……感兴趣。根据语境以及上文中的““BANG!”thedoorcausedaprotest(抗议).”可知，此处指的是作者摔门而去，以此表示对父亲的抗议，由此可知，作者父亲会很生气地说，永远不要“踏进”房子一步，符合语境。故选B项。【28题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的父亲抱着一个孩子从我身边走过。A.along沿着；B.past经过；C.beyond超过；D.over在……上方。根据下文中的“IfeltasifIsawmy____8____fromanotherspace:happyandharmonious.”作者从年轻父亲抱着孩子的场景中看到了幸福和和谐，由此可知，此处表示“经过”符合语境。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仿佛从另一个空间看到了我的童年：快乐、和谐。A.adulthood成人；B.birth出生；C.childhood童年；D.youth青年。根据上文中的“Ayoungfatherwhoheldachildinhisarmwalked____7____me.”可知，一位年轻的父亲抱着自己的孩子从作者身边经过，由此可知，作者从此场景中应该是好像看到了自己“童年”符合语境。故选C项。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：但我不知道这是因为我长大了还是因为爸爸老了。A.what什么；B.how如何；C.why为什么；D.whether是否。根据语境以及下文中的“or”可知，此处应是为whether引导的宾语从句，whether…or…意为“是……还是……”符合语境。故选D项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我不知道这是因为我长大了还是因为爸爸老了。A.old老的；B.awkward令人尴尬的；C.angry生气的；D.admirable令人羡慕的。根据语境以及上文中的“itwasbecauseIhadgrownupor”可知，此处与Ihadgrownup相对应，所以此处应表示变“老”符合语境。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：感觉我们之间有一扇永远打不开铁门。A.house房子；B.door门；C.wall墙；D.block街区。根据下文中的“IsuddenlyrealizedthattheirondoorthatIhad____15____betweenusdidnotexistatallbecauseloveissecondtonone.”可知，作者最后突然意识到自己与父亲之间的大门根本就不存在，由此可知，此处指的是作者感觉与父亲之间有一扇永远打不开的“门”符合语境。故选B项。【33题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我在街上漫无目的地游荡。A.with和；B.across穿过；C.without没有；D.from从……起。根据上文中的“Iwanderedthestreets”可知，作者在街道上游荡着，所以此处应是“没有”目的，符合语境。故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个炎热的夏夜，我的心都冻僵了。A.unhappy不快乐；B.moved感动的；C.confused迷惑的；D.frozen结冰的。根据上文中的“Itfeltliketherewasaniron____11____betweenusthatcouldneverbeopened.”可知，作者感觉自己与父亲之间有一扇永远打不开的门，结合下文中的“AsIwalkedon,therewerefewerandfewerpeopleinthestreets,untilIhadonlystreetstokeepmecompany.”可知，作者一个人在街道上走着，只有大街陪伴着，由此可知推断，此时作者在这么炎热的夏夜，自己却感到心快要被“冻僵”符合语境。故选D项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我终于到达我所住的高层公寓大楼时，我看到灯还亮着。A.on开着；B.off关闭；C.out在外面；D.in在里面。根据下文中的“Ithoughttomyself,“Isfatherwaitingforme,orishestillangrywithme?””可知，作者看到灯应该是“亮着”，所以作者才想是父亲在等待自己还是仍然在生自己的气。故选A项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，我想象中的我们之间的铁门根本不存在，因为爱是无与伦比的。A.created创造；B.built修建；C.imagined想象；D.opened打开。根据上文中的“Isuddenlyrealizedthattheirondoorthat…”以及下文中的“betweenusdidnotexistatallbecauseloveissecondtonone.”可知，作者在最后发现爱是第一位的，所以在作者与父亲之间的大门根本就不存在，而是作者自己“想象”出来的。故选C项。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。PeruisacountryonthePacificcoastofSouthAmerica,___37___includesthreemainareas:narrow,dry,flatland___38___(run)alongthecoast,theAndesMountains,andtheAmazonrainforest.InthehighplainareaisLakeTiticaca,thehighestlakeintheworld,onwhichboatscantravel.Peruhasabundantplantsfromdesertgrasses___39___vastareasofjungle.Peru___40___(rule)bySpainfromthe16thcenturyto1821.SoSpanishis___41___(official)spokeninPeru.TheancientIncacapital,Cusco,isapopulardestinationforthe___42___(tour)asitisclosetothefamousIncaruinsofthecityofMachuPicchu.Therearetwoespeciallyinterestingthingsforus___43___(admire)abouttheIncacivilization.Thefirstistheroadsandpathstheybuilttoconnect___44___(they)importantcities.Second,theIncabuiltwonderfulcities,___45___therewerenomarketsinthesecities.Oneoftheinteresting____46____(question)ofhistoryishowtheIncalivedwithoutshopping.【答案】37.which38.running39.to40.wasruled41.officially42.tourists43.toadmire44.their45.but46.questions【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家——秘鲁。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，它包括三个主要地区：沿着海岸的狭窄、干燥、平坦的土地、安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“acountry”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，它包括三个主要地区：沿着海岸的狭窄、干燥、平坦的土地、安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“land”和动词“run”之间为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填running。【39题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：秘鲁有丰富的植物，从沙漠草到大面积的丛林。固定搭配：from…to…，意为“从……到……”，符合句意。故填to。【40题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：秘鲁从16世纪到1821年被西班牙统治。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“fromthe16thcenturyto1821”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“Peru”，单数，和动词“rule”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填wasruled。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：所以西班牙语是秘鲁的官方语言查修饰动词“speak”用副词形式。故填officially。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：古印加首都库斯科是一个受游客欢迎目的地，因为它靠近著名的印加遗址马丘比丘。根据空前的定冠词“the”可知，空处为名词形式，且指的是“游客”；而根据常识可知，游客不止一个，应用名词复数形式。故填tourists。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：关于印加文明，有两件特别有趣的事情值得我们欣赏。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，修饰“interestingthings”，用动词不定式形式。故填toadmire。44题详解】考查代词。句意：。首先是他们修建的连接重要城市的道路和小径。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词“cities”。故填their。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：第二，印加人建造了奇妙的城市，但这些城市里没有市场。空前“theIncabuiltwonderfulcities”和空后“therewerenomarketsinthesecities.”之间为转折关系，用but连接。故填but。【46题详解】考查名词的数。句意：历史上一个有趣的问题是印加人如何在没有购物的情况下生活。固定结构：oneof+可数名词的复数形式，意为“……之一”。故填questions。五、应用文写作47.假定你是李华，你班将要举行一次以“运动与健康”为主题的班会。请给外教Robert写封邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：1．班会的时间、地点；2．活动内容；3．表达期待。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearRobert,IamLiHua,monitorofClass1,Grade1.Withgreatsincerity,Iamwritingtoinviteyoutoattendourclassmeetingwiththethemeof“SportsandFitness”.Aimedatpromotingahealthylifestyle,theclassmeetingisscheduledtobeheldinourclassroomat3p.m.onOctober10.Variousactivitiesarearranged,rangingfrompresentationsaboutourfavoriteathletestoperformancesofmartialarts.Somestudentswillalsorecommendsomeexerciseformaintaininggoodhealth.Plus,youaremorethanwelcometojoinusinthethree-leggedrace,whichwilldefinitelybringusfunandrelieveourstress.Giventhatyouaresuchasportsenthusiast,Iamsureyouwillhaveagreattime.Wearelookingforwardtoyourinvolvement.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Robert写封邮件，邀请他参加班级将要举行的以“运动与健康”为主题的班会。【详解】1.词汇积累各种各样的：various→varietiesof运动员：athlete→player保持：maintain→keep肯定：definitely→certainly2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Aimedatpromotingahealthylifestyle,theclassmeetingisscheduledtobeheldinourclassroomat3p.m.onOctober10.拓展句：Theclassmeetingisscheduledtobeheldinourclassroomat3p.m.onOctober10,whichisaimedatpromotingahealthylifestyle.【点睛】【高分句型1】Plus,youaremorethanwelcometojoinusinthethree-leggedrace,whichwilldefinitelybringusfunandrelieveourstress.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Giventhatyouaresuchasportsenthusiast,Iamsureyouwillhaveagreattime.（运用了giventhat引导条件状语从句）六、读后续写48.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一片完整的短文。每段大约6-8个句子，总续写词数为150左右。“Eric!Eric!Wakeup!Youwillbelateforschooltoday!”Eric’smumsaidwhilepullingEricoutofbed.“Mum,don’tworry!”Ericsaidashequicklygotup,putonhisclothes,tookhisbag,andrantothebusstop.Recently,Erichadgottenenrolled(注册)inanewschoolsoheknewnoonethereandhadmadenofriendsyet.Atschool,Ericlongedforthebelltoringfortheclassbreaksothathecouldeatsomething.Afterawhile,whenthebellrang,Ericquicklyopenedhisbagtotakeouthismoneytobuysomefood.Butjustthenherememberedhehadforgottentotakethemoneyhismumhadgivenhim.Notknowingwhattodo,hewalkedoutoftheclassroomandsatonabench(长凳)infrontofthediningroom.Hesawafewofhisclassmatesthere,amongthemwasBob.Hewasoneoftherichestkidsinhisclassbuthewasveryunfriendly.ButasEricwasnew,hedidn’tknowmuchaboutanyone.EricthoughthemightborrowsomemoneyfromBobandreturnittohimthenextday.SohegotupandslowlywenttowardsBobandaskedifhecouldborrowsomemoney.Bobsmirked(幸灾乐祸地笑)andsaid,“Iknewyouwerealoser,butIdidn’tknowyouwereabeggartoo?”BoblaughedoutsoloudthattheotherkidsheardandalsomadefunofEric.Itwastoohumiliating(丢脸的)forEric.HecouldnotanswerBobandslowlywalkedbacktowardsanemptybench.Hecouldstillhearthemlaughingathiminthedistance.Whenhereachedthebench,henoticedsomethi