贵州省铜仁市2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

高二年级考试英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Keepingthewindowclosed.B.Goingoutforfreshair.C.Turningonthefan.2.Whatkindofbagdoesthewomanwanttotake?A.Ayellowone.B.Aredone.C.Ablueone.3.Whyisthewomanmoving?A.Shehasboughtanewflat.B.Sheprefersaquietenvironment.C.Shewantstoliveneartheoperahouse.4.WhereisMr.Stephen?A.Heisout.B.Heisonthephone.C.Heisinhisroom.5.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Excited.B.Annoyed.C.Disappointed.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whoisthewoman?A.Theman’sformerclassmate.B.Theman’sformerteacher.C.Theman’sfriend.7.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hewasoutofwork.B.Hefailedhisfinaltest.C.Hegavethestudentsahardfinaltest.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthemangoingtodothissummer?A.Teachacourse.B.Repairhishouse.C.Workatahotel.9.Whatwillthemanusethemoneytodo?A.Hireagardener.B.Payforaboattrip.C.Buybooks.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatdidMarineshareontheInternetlastnight?A.Aphotoofheroldclothes.B.Somebadcomments.C.Aphotoofherself.11.WhatcausedMarine’sappearanceanxietyfromherwords?A.Expectingpraisefromothers.B.Psychologicalcomparison.C.Lowself-respect.12.Whoistheman?A.Marine’steacher.B.Marine’sco-worker.C.Marine’sdoctor.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Aspecialplant.B.Ajourney.C.Aforest.14.Howmanykindsoftreesarethereinonesquarekilometer?A.About1,500.B.About750.C.About400.15.Whatisthewoman?A.Anactress.B.Astudent.C.Ahostess.16.Whatdoweknowfromtheconversation?A.Thewomanwillvisittheforest.B.Dr.Greenknowsalittleabouttheforest.C.Therearevariouslivingthingsintheforest.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whendoestheman’swifeleavehomeinthemorning?A.At6:15.B.At7:00.C.At7:30.18.Whatdidthemandofouryearsago?A.Heworkedforaradiostation.B.Hewasasuccessfulsalesman.C.Hehadagoodjobonaship.19.Howmanymembersarethereintheman’sfamily?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.20.Whydoestheman’swifegoonworking?A.Herworkplaceisfartherthantheman’s.B.Sheearnsmorethantheman.C.Shecan’tdohousework.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThisIsHowYouWalktheWalkPeoplecallwalkingthe“perfectexercise”.Itgetsyourheartpumping,clearsyourheadandfillsyourlungswithfreshair.Notbad,butwefoundawaytomakeitevenbetter.Beforeyoutakeyournext10,000steps,addalittlestucktoyourstroll.TakeaStawerwalkingstickanywhereandIpromisethatyou’llfeellikeaconqueringhero.Itspowerswillastonishyou.What’sthesecret?OurStawerwalkingsticksareatipofthetophattoturn-of-the-centurytradition.Today,seriouscollectorsgladlypaythousandsforrareandhandcraftedsticksfromthe19thcentury.ButonlyStawerwalkingstickscandeliveramodernversionoftheseclassicsthatlooksandfeelsasgoodastheoriginalforonly$59each!Details·36incheslong.ImportedEucalyptuswood.·Solidbrasshandleswithvaryingfinishes.·Rubbertips.Supportsupto250pounds.·Allmodelsavailablein40inchesheight.Yoursatisfaction100%guaranteedExperiencethecomfortandeleganceofourdelicatewalkingsticksfor30days.Ifyou’renotfeelingthepower,simplysenditbackwithin30daysforarefund(退款)oftheitemprice.Stillhesitate?Corneandcheckouttherealusers’reviews!PraiseforStawerwalkingsticks“Anexcellentwalkingstick.Solidandelegant.Perfectforanightout.Wellcrafted.”MrJacob/fromPacificGrove,CALimitedEditionOnly500eachavailableonly!Thesehandcraftedbeautiestakemonthstocraftandarerunning(notwalking)outthedoor.So,takeastepintherightdirection.Calltoday!1.WhichisunrelatedtoMrJacob’sreviewabouttheStawerwalkingstick?A.Itsfirmness. B.Itscraftsmanship.C.Itscheapness. D.Itspracticality.2.Whatareweadvisedtodobeforebuyingthestick?A.Prepareenoughmoney. B.Checkreviewsfirst.C.Applyforadiscount. D.Buyassoonaspossible.3.Wherecanwereadthetext?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Abusinessmagazine. C.Aproductsurvey. D.Aninstructionbook.BItwas1963intheTorontosuburb.Iwaseightyearsoldandhockey(冰球)-crazy.Mynext-to-zeroskillshadnotstoppedmypassionforthegame.TheplayersofthegreathockeyclubTorontoMapleLeafswereofcoursemyheroes,andtheirpostersandphotoscoveredthewallsofmyroom.Thereisalwayssomepricetopayformaintainingalove.Iraisedfundsinanold-fashionedway,sellingsomethingthepubliccouldactuallysinktheirteethinto.Ijoinedthelocalannualevent—Margaret’sDoughnuts(甜甜圈)toselldoughnuts,whichofferedchoicesofhoney-glazedorchocolate-glazed.Door-to-doorIwent,notebookinhandtorecord.Isolddozensofdozens;hardlyasoulturnedmedown.Mynotebookwasalmostfull,andmystomachwasalmostemptywhenIwentupthelasthouseonthesouthside.Irangthedoorbellandwentovermyspeechwhilestaringatthescreendoor.Suddenlythedooropened.Myunforgettablememorywaslookingupfromalargepairoffuzzyslippers,wayup,tothefacestaringdown.Istoodtherespeechlessforwhatseemed10years,openingandclosingmymouthlikeafishoutofwater.Collectingmycalmness,butstillunabletogointodoughnut-promotingoverdrive,Itoldhimsomethingheseemedhavealreadyknownandherepliedwithanodandasmile.Ihaveanunclearmemoryofmurmuringthroughmyspeech“Please-buy-some-doughnuts”,andthenavividmemoryofhimtakingthenotebookfrommyhand.Ifollowedwithnewinformation—thatwesharedourgivenname.Withpridefromourfirst-name-basisfarewells,Iflewhomeholdingthenotebooktightlytomychest.ThenextmorningbeforetheschoolbellIcautiouslyshowedoffthepreciouspaper.Itissurelyminealonetoclaim:IsoldadozendoughnutstoTimHorton,oneofmymostrespectedplayerswholivedamerethreeblocksaway!4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor?A.Heobtainedpostersandphotosfromastarteam.B.HejoinedTorontoMapleLeafsasayoungchild.C.Hewasnotmuchofanexperiencedhockeyplayer.D.Hisloveforhockeywasinfluencedbyastarteam.5.Whydidtheauthorselldoughnuts?A.Tofollowthefashion. B.Torespondtoanevent.C.Totastemoreflavors. D.Topursuehishobby.6.Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenhemettheownerofthelasthouse?A.Hewassospeechlesswithastonishment. B.Hewaslookeddownuponbytheowner.C.Hewasscaredbytheowner’sappearance. D.Heforgothisspeechforsellingdoughnuts.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASuccessfulSalePromotionOfDoughnutsB.AnAmazingJourneyToFollowingMyDreamC.AGratefulDoughnutHelpingAwakenMyDreamD.AnUnexpectedMeetingWithMyFavoriteHockeyCFreshfishshouldhaveamildsmell.Strongfishysmellsarethefirstsignstogobad.Howdothefishysmellscomefrom?Itcanbeseveraldaysfromwhenthefisharecaughttowhentheyreachthesupermarket.Inthattime,bacteriathatgrownaturallyinfishstarttoconsumeasubstancecalledtrimethylamineN-oxide(TMAO)infish.ThesebacteriachangeTMAOintotrimethylamine(TMA),thesubstanceresponsibleforthefishysmells.Bacteriainfishcanalsochangelysine(赖氨酸)intocadaverine(尸胺),asubstancethat’sassociatedwithbreakingdownthefishoncetheyarecaughtandgivingofffishysmell.Chemicalreactionscanalsoleadtofishysmells.Thishappensthroughtheoxidation(氧化)offat.Fishareanimportantsourceofomega-3fattyacids.Whenthesefatsareexposedtooxygen,theyoxidizeandbreakdownintothesubstancethatyoucansmell.Toslowdownthefishysmell,whatisbeyondquestionisthatthelesstimebetweenwhenthefisharecaughtandwhentheyreachthekitchen,thebetter.Buttoday,fishareoftenflownacrosstheglobe.Tokeepsmell-producingbacteriaatbay,thefishmustbefrozenorkeptatthelowtemperaturepossibleassoonastheyarecaughtandcleaned.Controllingfatoxidationcanfunctionaswell,especiallyforfattierfishspecies.Whilefreezingslowsbacterialgrowth,itdoesnotstopfatoxidation.Thisreactionwilloccuraslongasoxygenispresent.Fattyfishareusuallynotfrozenbecause,despitethecoldtemperature,they’regoingtooxidizeprettyfastunlesstheyarestoredinalowoxygencontainer.That’swhythosespeciesareoftencanned.It’salsoimportanttorememberthatsmellisnotalwaysanindicatorofsafety,especiallyinprocessedfishproducts.“Whatyoumightconsiderthefishysmellmaybeadelicacyinanotherculture,”saidCarlA.Batt,aprofessoroffoodscienceatCornellUniversity.8.Whichofthefollowinghasthefishysmell?A.Fishfat. B.TMAO. C.Cadaverine. D.Lysine.9.Whatisthebestwaytoreducethefishysmelloffatfishspecies?A.Dryingthemintheair. B.Storingtheminclosedcontainers.C.Carefullycleaningthem. D.Exposingthemtorichoxygen.10.WhatisCarlA.Batt’sattitudetothefishysmell?A.Objective.B.Negative.C.Acceptable.D.Unclear.11.Howisthetextorganized?A.Topic—Example—Conclusion. B.Topic—Comparison—Opinion.C.Question——Cause——Solution. D.Question—Effect—Opinion.DAtomicshapesaresosimplethattheycan’tbebrokendownanyfurther.Mathematiciansaretryingtoturntoartificialintelligence(AI)forhelptobuildaperiodictableoftheseshapes,hopingitwillassistinfindingyet-unknownatomicshapes.TomCoatesatImperialCollegeLondonandhiscolleaguesareworkingtoclassifyatomicshapesknownasFanovarieties,whicharesosimplethattheycan’tbebrokendownintosmallercomponents.Justaschemistsarrangedelementsintheperiodictablebytheiratomicweightandgrouptorevealnewinsights,theresearchershopethatorganizingtheseatomicshapesbytheirvariouspropertieswillhelpinunderstandingthem.Theteamhasgiveneachatomicshapeasequenceofnumbersbasedonitsfeaturessuchasthenumberofholesithasortheextenttowhichitbendsarounditself.Thisactsasabarcode(条形码)toidentifyit.CoatesandhiscolleagueshavenowcreatedanAIthatcanpredictcertainpropertiesoftheseshapesfromtheirbarcodenumbersalone,withanaccuracyof98percent.TheteammemberAlexanderKasprzykattheUniversityofNottingham,UK,saysthattheAIhaslettheteamorganizeatomicshapesinawaythatbeginstofollowtheperiodictable,sothatwhenyoureadfromlefttoright,orupanddown,thereseemtobegeneralpatternsinthegeometry(几何)oftheshapes.GrahamNibloattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,stressesthathumanswillstillneedtounderstandtheresultsprovidedbyAIandcreateproofsoftheseideas.“AIhasdefinitelygotunbelievableabilities.Butinthesamewaythattelescopes(望远镜)don’tputastronomersoutofwork,AIdoesn’tputmathematiciansoutofwork,”hesays.“Itjustgivesusnewbackingthatallowsustoexplorepartsofthemathematicallandscapethatareoutofreach.”Theteamhopestoimprovethemodeltothepointwheremissingspacesinitsperiodictablecouldpointtotheexistenceofunknownshapes.12.Whatisthepurposeofbuildingaperiodictableofshapes?A.Togaindeeperinsightsintotheatomicshapes.B.TocreateanAItopredicttheunknownshapes.C.Tobreakdownatomicshapesintosmallerparts.D.Toarrangechemicalelementsintheperiodictable.13.Whatcanthebarcodeofeachatomicshapetellus?A.Itsholes. B.Itsbends.C.Itsatomicweight. D.Itsproperties.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“backing”inparagraph5mean?A.Design. B.Help. C.Duty. D.Threat.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.ThankstoAI,newatomicshapeshavebeendiscovered.B.MathematiciansturntoAItocreatemoreatomicshapes.C.AIhelpsbuildarelationshipbetweenchemistryandmaths.DAperiodictableofshapescanbebuiltwiththehelpofAI.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoDevelopaSenseofHumorAgoodsenseofhumorcanmakeyouthelifeofthepartyandhelpyougoeasieronyourself.Usingdifferentformsoftricks,you’llhavepeoplearoundyouroaringwithlaughter.Learntotellthesortofjokesyoufindfunny.Onceyou’velearnedwhatkindofhumoryouenjoy,tryincludingitinyourconversationswithfriends.Trytotellyourjokesasifcommentingonthẹweather.____16____Havefun.____17____Remember,youaremorethanyourhumor.Trytofindtheworldengaging,new,andstrange.Thiswillhelpimproveyouroverallmoodandmakeiteasierforyoutofindhumorinthingsifyouallowyourselftoplay.Sogetoutthereandhavefunwithyourself!____18____Ifthewayyoutellastorygoesalongwaytowardmakingitfunny,practiceitasyoutalk.Smileandlaughalongwitheveryone.Ifyou’retellingashockingpartofthestory,widenyoureyesandleanforwardforadramaticeffect.Youcanalsouseyourhandstobemoreexpressiveandgetalaughonothers,too.Jokekindlyandcarefully.____19____Ifyouaremakingfunofafriend,trytojokeaboutapositiveaspectofthatpersonratherthanaweakness.Ifacolleagueisalwaysontime,sayyousetyourwatchbyhimorher.Ifyourchildrenwriteagoodpaperforschool,saythey’llbepromotedtoateachernext.____20____A.Surroundyourselfwithfunnypeople.B.Useyourbodylanguagetobemoreengaging.C.Jokesaboutfriendsshouldnotshowtheminabadlight.D.Acasualdeliveryisoftenthefunniestpartofanunusualcomment.E.Focusontheirdeliveryandhowtheyturnitintosomethinghumorous.F.Jokesoutofplacemaylooklikeapowermoveonyourpartingwiththem.G.Avoidgettingsocaughtupinmakingpeoplelaughthatyouforgettoenjoyyourself.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分.满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ChrisTurnbull,39,finishedthetouching3,856kmrunonSeptember16,intheSydneysuburbofManly,becomingthequickestrunnerfromPerthtoSydney.He____21____thecurrentrecordholderAchimHeukemes,whocompletedthedistancein43daysin2005.To____22____thenewworldrecord,hewaswholeheartedly____23____topreparinghimself.MrTurnbullhada(n)____24____forrunningatayoungage.Heranhisfirsthalfmarathonat9andsincethenhehadbeen____25____atplentyofultramarathonsatdifferenttimesinhislife.MrTurnbullhadruneverysingledayfromhisbeachsidehomeintheSydneysuburbofClontarftohis____26____onworkdays.Thedailycrosscountryrun____27____himtoseethesightsofAustraliameetamazingpeopleandmostimportantly,____28____himselfphysicallyandmentally.Withhis40thbirthday____29____nextyear,toseewhatwashisphysicalandmentallimit,hewantedto_____30_____himselftothenewrecord.Tomakeitinrecordtime,MrTurnbullwasrunningbetween100kmand105kmdaily.Hehadto_____31_____hugetrucksrushingpasthimonmajorhighways,blisters(水泡),achingmuscles,andbeing_____32_____ofsleepingwellduetothepainhisbodywasfeelingMrTurnbull’swife,alongwiththeirtwokids,hadbeentrackinghis_____33_____onamapfromtheirhomeashemadehiswayacrossthecontinent.Theywere_____34_____waitingthereatthefinishlineinManlyforMrTurnbull’sfallingintotheirarmsforalovingpost-run_____35_____.21.A.hit B.beat C.refused D.defended22.A.set B.accept C.hold D.offer23.A.compared B.limited C.committed D.accustomed24.A.fancy B.invitation C.excuse D.request25.A.skilled B.amazed C.expert D.present26.A.hospital B.office C.restaurant D.school27.A.persuaded B.promised C.inspired D.advanced28.A.support B.cheat C.test D.bother29.A.onhand B.inadvance C.intheair D.atanend30.A.adjust B.challenge C.encourage D.keep31.A.losecontrolof B.takechargeof C.putupwith D.playjokeson32.A.guilty B.aware C.independent D.incapable33.A.target B.progress C.performance D.purpose34.A.eagerly B.impatiently C.permanently D.peacefully35.A.gesture B.touch C.hug D.glance第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AttheShishouMiluNationalNatureReserveinHubeiProvince,about2,000creatureswanderfreely.Theirnumbersinclude460deerbornthisyear,showingthatthespecies,____36____wasonceendangeredinChinaintheearly20thcentury,hasstagedaremarkable____37____(recover).Often____38____(refer)toassìbuxiang,amiludeerseemstoconsistofpartsofvariouscreatures.Ithasantlers(鹿角)likeotherdeer,butseemstohavetheheadofahorse,thefeetofcattleandthetailofadonkey(驴).____39____oneoftheanimal’sthreemajorprotectedareasinChina,theShishoureservewasestablishedin1991.ClosetotheYangtzeRiver,theareahasacompletewetlandecosystem,anidealhabitatforthedeer.Itsconservationstoryprovides____40____exampleforotherendangeredanimalsunderathreatofextinction.____41____(ensure)asafeenvironment,twoengineersandeightrangers(护林员)aresenttogetaroundthereserve.Advancedtechnologiesareappliedtohelpobserveandanalyze____42____(they)habitsandenvironment.Theeffortsofthoseresponsibleforthedeerhave____43____(significant)resultedintheincreaseinnumbers.Inthe____44____(country)threemajorprotectedareastheNanhaiziMiluParkinBeijingtheDafengMiluNationalNatureReserveinJiangsuProvince,andtheShishoureserve——thenumberoftheanimal____45____(increase)from39toover10,000since1986.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.理想是人生的指路灯，有人想成为工程师，有人想成为科学家，有人想成为演员……。请你以“Iwanttobea/an________”为题，写一篇短文向你校英文报投稿，内容包括：1.你的理想职业是什么；2.你选择这个职业的原因；3.你将如何实现这个理想。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Iwanttobea/an______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasapleasantTuesdayafternoon.78-year-oldRosewasbrimmingwithexcitementassheenteredthenursinghomewithherfavoritetulips(郁金香),herlipsendlesslycallingouttojustonename—Emily!“Emily!Whereareyou?Igotflowers…”Rosespokealoudwhenshedidn’tseeherbestfriend,79-year-oldEmily,waitingforherontheusualspot,awoodenbenchonthemaingate.WheneverRosereturnedfromthelocalhospitalaftergettingherbloodtestsdone,Emilywouldruntowardherwithfreshhand-pickedflowers.Butthatafternoon,Emilywasnotthere,andthebenchwasempty.Emilywasnowheretobefoundinanyofherfavoritespots,whichunsettledRoseevenmore.Justthen