小学英语音标学案

英语音标学案一、音标的根本常识1、英语音标一共有48个，其中元音有20个，辅音有28个。元音〔20个〕长元音 /ɑ:/ /ɔ:/ /

ɜ:/ /i:/ /U:/短元音 /

ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e//æ/双元音 /eɪ//əʊ//aɪ//aʊ//ɔɪ//ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/ 辅音〔28个〕清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s//ʃ/ /h/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ /dz/ /dr/ /r/鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/半元音 /j/ /w/ 边音 /

ǀ/ 巧记48个音标：单元音共十二，四二六前中后双元音也好背，合口集中八个辅音共计二十八八对一清又七浊，四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握2、音标的书写:a.音标必须写在括号里，常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种，其上端不顶第一线，大致与大写字母相齐，下端在第三格的中b.音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下所列。c.下面几个音标是最容易写错的，一定要注意：[ai]和[au]不要写成[Ai]和[Au]，[A:]不要写成[a:]。在打字的时候，不要用a来代替A,把[A:]打成[a:]，也不要用g来代替G，把[GE:l]打成[gE:l]。d.音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下页所列。

二、音标的学习：Lesson1元音[i:][i][ә:][ә][i:]发这个音的字母和字母组合eeaeee:mebesheheweeveningee:sweetbeesweepsheepseesleepthreegreenea:meatleafseapeateacheatclean根据发音规那么，圈出以下单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。1.seatrainbeancat2.giftfeetteacherdog3.pigstartreejeep4.sweetseafishthe[i]发这个音的字母和字母组合ieyeyayi:pigfishinfifteensixshipthine:beginbehindjacketbasketbally:happyheavybusylorrycarrysunnylovelystudythirstytwentythirtywindyrainyey:monkeymoneyay:SundaySaturdayFriday根据发音规那么，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。1.sofasitkicklip2.inkgiftjamship3.handpicturebigsister4.hotlickpigjelly[ә:]发这个音的字母和字母组合erirurearorer:herservetermir:birdgirlskirtfirstdirtyskirtshirtur:nurseThursdayturtlepurplecurtainear:earlylearnor:wordworkworld根据发音规那么，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。1.thirtybeerthirstywheat2.bankkinghernurse3.turtlebirdrabbitknee4.roomrunshirtterm[ә]发这个音的字母和字母组合ureeraroraeure:pictureer:teacherbrotherdinnerfathersisterar:sugaror:doctora:pandaaboutabovecamerasofaChina根据发音规那么，找出发[ә]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.mothersofaroadsmile2.sitfathersisterfood3.hairdeertigerChina4.sugarsoonearleader音标[i:][i][ә:][ә]练习1.找出以下没有相同发音的词。()①he feet bread green()②pigis dog ship()③thirty bird her food()④she big in money()⑤sweets fish teacher we()⑥teacher sister about girl()⑦tiger first work shirt()⑧tree bean clean chin()⑨father doctor skirt china()⑩happy sea sit picture2.读音标写单词。[bi:][bә:d][si:][swi:t][′bizi][hә:][′dɔktә][′sistә][li:f][hi:]3.连线。meat[ә:]thirsty[i:]driver[ә]animal[i:]Lesson2音标[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u][ɔ:]发这个音的字母和字母组合aawaloroora:wateraw:drawstrawberryal:ballwallor:horsecornforkorshortoor:floordoor根据发音规那么，找出发[ɔ:]的1个单词写在后面的横线上。1.tallbirdbreadpoor2.ideachairsporthare3.cakebearwalkcup4.drinkshortbagmilk2、[ɔ]发这个音的字母和字母组合oao:foxcoffeedogshopdogdoctorlonga:watch根据发音规那么，找出发[ɔ:]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.doctorteacherboxclothes2.coldzooclockdog3.lovebosslotviolin4.watchbeachfoxgirl[u:]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooouio:dowhowhoseoo:foodmoontooui:fruitjuiceu:rulerrude根据发音规那么，找出不发[u:]的单词。1.juicemoonzoopanda2.toothbroomeyespoon3.headbootnoodlespool4.nooncoolbootwatch3、[u]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooouo:womanwolfoo:lookgoodbookfootwoodu:bullbullet根据发音规那么，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。1.mouthbooklookpull2.pushtapesugarfoot3.woodkindwolfbull4.bulletwoodcookname音标[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]练习抄写音标，一个抄写10遍,一边抄写一边读。[u]：[u:]：[ɔ]：[ɔ:]__________二．找出以下没有相同发音的词。()①moon food eat fruit()②true book wood look()③four small walk bird()④got clock shop shirt()⑤bus foot push book()⑥lost ball long ox()⑦ruler dog mooncake blue()⑧big ship horse it四.写出单词或音标。[bru:m] [dɔ:] [sit] [bә:d][fut] [wi:] [dɔg] [′sistә]lookdowatergoodtoofootclockfirstworksisterdoctorsea五.将以下单词与正确的音标用线连起来。hot [blu:]football [huk]blue [ki:s]hook [futbɔ:l]kiss [hɔt]Lesson3音标[a:][Λ][æ][e][a:]发这个音的字母和字母组合aaraueara:grassglassclassplantdancefastfatherlastar:carstararmMarchgardendarkscarfau:laughauntear:heart根据发音规那么，圈出发[a:]的2个单词。1.armlipdoctorcard2.cloudcartgardengate3.ballscarfdarktiger4.joblorryMarchpark[Λ]发这个音的字母和字母组合ouooouo:soncomecolourlovemoneyu:sunnutjumpgumbusbrushsupperusou:touchcousincountry根据发音规那么，找出每组中发[Λ]的单词。1.hearcupbedair2.voiceboyduckant3.vasecornbeargun4.cuteboymoneyher[æ]发这个音的字母和字母组合aa:dadcapcatbadapplebagflaghandrabbitantblackfathasstandratmap根据发音规那么，找出每组中发[æ]的单词。1.ratbedfacesport2.hearcupfatpear3.ricebatfingertree4.seayoungknifeapple[e]发这个音的字母和字母组合eeae:eggbelldesklegpettenpenea:breadheadbreakfast根据发音规那么，找出每组中不发[e]的单词。1.catwelllegpen2.sweatmappetelephant3.eggtentalldesk4.breadheadbedtoy音标[a:][Λ][æ][e]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[a:]：[Λ]：[æ]：[e]：____二．选出以下没有相同发音的词。()1.cararmfoodgarden()2.truejumpbuscut()3.bagshortmapflag()4.eggpenheadsmall()5.gotclockbelldog()6.rabbitbookwoodfoot()7.ratbatappleten()8.gunstarduckmoneg三.写出单词或音标。［pa:st］[ru:m][swet][sit][fæt][gɔt][cΛp][shә:t]bagcarbusbreadstarhead四.选出以下每题中元音有几种读音，有一种读音的在〔〕里画☆,有两种读音的画△,有三种的画

()1.hatfastcooklast()2.jeepdoorsungum()3.dadcaphandmap()4.starcarcutfrom()5.skirtsheepbirdher五.改变以下单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词like_________________(交通工具)hat________________(动物)lake________________(食品)nice_______________(数字)hot_________________(用品)well_______________(用品)Lesson4元音音标[ei][ai][ɔi][au][ei]发这个音的字母和字母组合aaiaya:cakemakenamegamesnakegatelazyai:raintrainwaitay:dayMayplaytadayway根据发音规那么，圈出以下单词中发音不一样的单词。1.facewavesheeptail2.grapeplanenamecoat3.timetapetrainsnake4.rainsoapcaketrain[ai]发这个音的字母和字母组合iyieuyi:kitebikenicetigerwriteknifey:bycryflymyskytrywhyie:tiepieuy:buy根据发音规那么，找出每组中发[ai]的2个单词.1.ricegoodjamright2.shipmineice-creammouse3.cloudsittieeye4.writesmalltenniskite[ɔi]发这个音的字母和字母组合oioyoi:oilboilcoinoy:boytoy根据发音规那么，找出每组中发[ɔi]的2个单词.1.soilhearsoycold2.rabbitbedboynoise3.walkvoiseboilword4.teaenjoytoymilk[au]发这个音的字母和字母组合ouowou:housemousemouthtrousersow:flowercowhownowdown根据发音规那么，选出不发[au]的单词。1．mousecloudarmclown2.teachertrouserscowmouth3.towndanceflowerhouse4.towerblousenowbaby音标[ei][ai][ɔi][au]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[ei]：[ai]：[ɔi]：[au]：____二.选出以下没有发相同发音的词()1.cakeeggrainMay()2.kitecrybroomfly()3.boyjoycatnoise()4.blousesuncowhouse()5.towerflowermoutharm三.读音标,将以下单词补充完整或写出字母，单词的音标。[klaud][set][kɔin][krɔ:s]c______ds____c____ncr____s[flæg][trein][desk][smail]f____gtr____nd______s____leAaKkIiYyhiboycownowtoybikehousemycakefacehownice四.把以下单词下正确的音标连接起来bow[bau]gate[pai]tray[geit]pie[trei]poison[pɔizn]Lesson5元音音标[әu][iә][eә][uә]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooaowo:noserosepoenoveroa:boatcoatsoapgoatow:showwindowsnowbowl根据发音规那么，圈出每组中发[әu]的2个单词。1．coatgoattreeriver2.makewindowkniferoad3.yourwhiterowcoat4.boathennoselamp[iә]发这个音的字母和字母组合eareerear:earhearteareer:deerbeer根据发音规那么，圈出每组中发[iә]的1个单词。1.bearbeerfairtail2.noodlespairnearcome3.horseneartowerair4.ringkingherethree3、[eә]发这个音的字母和字母组合airearair:hairchairpairear:pearbearwear根据发音规那么，圈出每组中发[eә]的1个单词。1.bearideapineappletail2.noodlespairclimbcome3.horsehousetowerair4.ringkingharethree[uә]发这个音的字母和字母组合oorourureoor:poorour:tourure:surepure根据发音规那么，圈出每组中发[uә]的1个单词。1.cleartouristpineappletail2.noodlespairclimbfury3.beardcuretowerair4.voicekingpureengineer音标[әu][iә][eә][uә]的练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[әu]：[iә]：[eә]：[uә]：___________二.选出以下没有相同发音的词。()1.mouthcoatgoatwindow()2.dearbeercaketeacher()3.pairboyairhare()4.poortourEuropecry()5.boatbikesidefly三.写出单词或音标。［nәuz］[said][iә][kau][peә][puә][bæt][wu:d]goearphotodeernearnosehear五.把以下单词与音标用线连起来。［rәuz］theater['θiәtә]rose[skweә]tour[tuә]square[pleisiz]placesLesson6辅音音标[p][b][t][d]p:pianopandaparrotpetshipsheeppigstoppp:applehappy根据发音规那么，圈出没有发[p]的单词。1.shipphonesleeppear2.pickpenbigpineapple3.taxiparrotsheeppig4.pandaponypettruck2、[b]发这个音的字母和字母组合bbbb:bookballbirdbigboybagbananabb:rubberrabbitcabbage根据发音规那么，圈出发[b]的2个单词。1.cabgiftbeachlove2.petgodtubbed3.weatherboybusmake4.rabbitreaddressbaby3、[t]发这个音的字母和字母组合tttt:tableteataxicatratfatticketTt:buttermatter根据发音规那么，圈出没有发[t]的1个单词。1.taxifatbagtoy2.hatticketteaduck3.pocketpacketcatrain4、[d]发这个音的字母和字母组合dedd:duckseeddoordeskdayredheadbedreadcolded:smiledopenedplayed根据发音规那么，圈出没有发[d]的1个单词。1.bedclotheshand2.dogcoldfive3.danceduckgrape音标[p][b][t][d]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[p]：[b]：[t]：[d]：_______二.选出以下没有相同发音的词()1.pearshipcoatpig()2.taxibeancabcabbage()3.hatseaticketwallet()4.seeddancehandfull()5.pickpensitpineapple()6.coldfinddoorchair()7.clothpurplepoolpush()8.eatfanquietset三.写出单词或音标。[pændә][kΛt][di:p][klaud]applepearrabbitread四.改变以下单词的一个字母，使它变成另一个单词。short→_____________(衣物)sea→_________________〔感官动词〕pet→______________(蔬菜)ten→___________________(动物)Lesson7辅音音标[k][g][s][z][k]发这个音的字母和字母组合ckckc:capcookcupcarcanclassk:cookmilkkeydeskkitecakeck:clocksockcockneck从以下单词中找出一个发[sk]的单词。1.cakecardeskneck2.maskrockinkclock3.disktrucksilkduck[g]发这个音的字母和字母组合gggg:glassgolfgetgirlbaggoatflaggg:egg根据发音规那么，圈出发[g]的单词。gasdrivegumgiveviolinbagjeansorangelogbridgeguesstankgradelonglanguage[s]发这个音的字母和字母组合scssces:starsunsnakeseaseec:pencilcitycedarceilingcelebratess:grassglassclassbossce:faceracericenice根据发音规那么，圈出每组中2个发[s]的单词。1.whosejuicelickstudent2.thosecasescarfshoes3.spacenosesciencemeat4.tearspiecebusnose[z]发这个音的字母和字母组合zssez:zerozebrazoos:bagsphotossistersse:noserose根据发音规那么，圈出每组中2个发[z]的单词。1.zoofreezelickcase2.gameplaybusyshoes3.dognoserosemeat4.tearspeanuteaglezero音标[k][g][s][z]一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[k]：[g]：[s]：[z]：____二.将以下没有相同发音的词找出来()1.carstayneckclock()2.gasgivedrivebag()3.seabossricecook()4.lickzoorosezero()5.tearsfreezedeskbusy三.写出单词或音标。［rais］[nәuz][sneik][gra:s]_________________________________________[gɔlf][gla:s][kɔk][ki:]_________________________________________legcakericemouse_________________________________________nosebaggetkite_________________________________________四.把以下单词与音标用线连接起来。socks['gigl]giggle[gәust]ghost[sɔks]face[t∫i:z]cheese[feis]五.根据翻译提示。〔1〕Daisyisthe[desk]ondancingMiss.________________________________Daisy小姐正在桌子上跳舞。〔2〕name['sneik]isMy.____________________________________我的名字叫做蛇。〔3〕a['bi:]I'mbusy.____________________________________我是一只忙碌的小蜜蜂。Lesson8辅音音标[∫][3][t∫][d3][∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合sshs:sugarsuresh:shipsheepwashcashshopshe根据发音规那么，圈出以下单词中发[∫]的2个单词。1.shellshipwatchdesk2.truckshirtskirtship3.brushcarratsheepsleep4.heroshapestreetshelf2、[3]发这个音的字母和字母组合ss:television,usually,Asiameasureagarage,anunusualcollision;agreatdecision;mypleasure根据发音规那么，圈出以下单词中发[3]的2个单词。1.shellshipgaragedesk2.truckshirtpleasureship3.brushcasualsheepsleep4.heroshapeleisureshelf[t∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合chtchch:teacherpeachcherrychairtch:watchmatch根据发音规那么,找出以下单词中发[t∫]的单词，并抄下来。chairdumplingbeachcheesenightshemonkeyChinachurchtheseflowereggdreamsharkchickcatch[d3]发这个音的字母和字母组合gjdgeg:gingergiraffej:jumpjobjamge:orangecabbagecage根据发音规那么,圈出以下单词中发[d3]的单词。egggiraffedragongrasscabbagejobgiftgateorangedrugjeansgun音标[∫][3][t∫][d3]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[∫]：[3]：[t∫]：[d3]：_____二.选出以下具有相同发音的单词。()1.shellwatchshipsee()2.shellpleasuresicktreasure()3.chairChinaMonkeydream()4.jobgiftdoorcabbage()5.grasschickstartjeans三.写出单词或音标。［d3æm］[pi:t∫][∫ip][wɔ∫]________________________________________fishsheepshecatch_________________________________________peachchickshoeswatch_________________________________________Lesson9音标[f][v][θ][ð][f]发这个音的字母和字母组合fffphghf:fivefanflowerfishfourleafff:giraffeph:phoneelephantphotogh:laugh选出以下单词中不发[f]的单词，写在横线上。knifeflowerfootfishpickgetphotogiraffelaughleaf[v]发这个音的字母和字母组合vvev:videovasevestve:fiveloveviolin根据发音规那么,在不发[v]的单词上打×violinmovevotewindowvanvolcanowhitewomanvictorywetwavevase[θ]发这个音的字母和字母组合thth:threethinthirdteethmouth根据发音规那么，圈出不发[θ]的单词。1．fatherthreemathsthirsty2.mouththroatThursdaybrother3.thinkthirstymotherthousand4.thinthicktheyteeth4、[ð]发这个音的字母和字母组合thth:fathermotherbrotherclothesweather根据发音规那么，圈出每组中发[ð]的1个单词。1．thansisterbrotherthree2.weatherthanknightgood3.tielookteeththey4.thinfatherthroatwatch音标[f][v][θ][ð]的练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[f]：[v]：[θ]：[ð]：______________二.将以下没有相同发音的词找出来()1.footknifepickfish()2.windowmovevotevase()3.threefanthousandthin()4.fatherthembrotherwatch()5.finishvanfoolfat三.写出单词或音标。［'brΛðә］[keid3][vest][heә][kɔk][ti:θ][zi:p][la:f]fivesevenfootfatmouththirtythreefather四.选出以下每题中有几种读音。A.一种B.二种C.三种D.四种()1.footroomleafvase()2.vestfivelikelove()3.shippeapickhike()4.thumbcutbrothermother()5.theythinmathsmouthLesson10辅音音标［ts］[dz][tr][dr]发这个音的字母和字母组合tstests:seatsgoatscoatscatspetseatstes:gateskitesdatestastes根据发音规那么，找出发[ts]的4个单词写在后面的横线上。sandswoodsbootsbirdshatscarratshandsbedsfriendsratsseedskids2、[dz]发这个音的字母和字母组合dsdesds:seedswoodsfriendsbirdsbedsdes:rides根据发音规那么，找出发[dz]的5个单词写在后面的横线上。coatshandscatskitesbedswordspetskidsseatshorsesandsgates[tr]发这个音的字母和字母组合trtr:treetrucktrousersstrawberrytrick根据发音规那么，找出没有发[tr]的3个单词写在后面的横线上。seatstrucktraintrashtractordrinkstreetdrugtrousers4、[dr]发这个音的字母和字母组合drdr:drawdrinkdriverdragondry根据发音规那么，找出每组中发[dr]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.dreamduckdressrain2.ratdraindrugdoor3.treetreasuredrawerdrink4.truckdragondishdrum音标［ts］[dz][tr][dr]的练习一.抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。［ts］：[dz]：[tr]：[dr]：______________二.选出以下选项中具有相同发音的两个单词。()()1.dreamshoesdrinkpopcorn()()2.truckthirstybathtrash()()3.bedspetswordsgates()()4.birdsbootsratsfriends()()5.drugdrainraindish写出单词或音标。［'draivә］[train][wuds][kaits][træ∫][drɔ:][gәuts][‘frendz]hatsitshandsshirtsbedsbirdsheadstreedresstrycatscarrots四.把以下单词和音标用线连起来。[kәuts］trousers[si:dz]coats[træ∫]seeds['draivә]trash[trauzәz]driverLesson11辅音音标[h][r][l][m]1、[h]发这个音的字母和字母组合hwhh:heherheadhearthairhamwh:whowhose根据发音规那么，把以下单词中不发[h]的找出来。1.hamhatwhite()2.horsewhalewho()3.wheatholehair()2、[r]发这个音的字母和字母组合rrrwrr:riceroomrideroadroserr:mirrorcarrotparrotwr:writewrongwrap根据发音规那么，选出发[r]的单词，打√。1.breaddriverwrongrainworker2.riverfatherrobotropesister3.writefruitrabbitcrowndrum3、[l]发这个音的字母和字母组合llll:looklightlockluckyliontailll:ballpulldollartell根据发音规那么，选出每组中不发[l]的单词。1.lampnailflagwoman()2.yellowfruitlionlychee()3.grapebulllaughlake()4.dumplingmoonwheelwhale()[m]发这个音的字母和字母组合mmbm:mouthmousemilkmonkeymoonmoneymummb:climbcombthumb音标[h][r][l][m]的练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[h]：[r]：[l]：[m]：__________二.写出单词或音标。[hed] [rait] [lait] [teil][ku:l] [riη] [mu:n] [hæm]hearthairhorseroomschoollatelikeballlaughnoodlehomeham三.把以下单词用线连接起来。parrot [′pærәt]heart [lɔk]lock [ha:t]dollar [klaim]climb [′dɔlә]四.读以下单词，选出发[r]音的单词，并写在下面的横线上。whitehairwrongdrumfatherlionrabbitlaugh whaleroperaindrive comb mirror swim五.将以下单词连成句子，并将音标局部写成单词。(1)hear[rivә]Icanthe(2)Lillytoandlanghlittle[krai]lovesLesson12音标[n][η][w][j]1、[n]发这个音的字母和字母组合nkngnn:nosenetnutbanananoodlestrainrainplanedownkn:kneeknifeknockgn:sign根据发音规那么，找出发[n]的单词并抄下来。1.mirrorwheelyesknock2.mallhenlaughnut3.earringsplanewingbread[η]发这个音的字母和字母组合nngn:inkbanktankfingerng:singhangsongkingreadingrunning根据发音规那么，从以下每组中找出2个发[η]的单词。1．netringfingermeat2.tennismouthsongswing3.dumplingwingrunnail4.hangswiminknote3、[w]发这个音的字母和字母组合w:winterwindowwatchwaterwellwouldwh:whitewherewhichwhenwhywheelwhale根据发音规那么，选出每组中不发[w]音的1个单词。1.woodwritewheelwhich2.wheatsnowwetwoman3.whitewindownowwhy4.whalewaterwatchrow4、[j]发这个音的字母和字母组合yy:yo-yoyogurtyardyesyouyour根据发音规那么，找出发[j]的单词写在下面横线上。cryyouyourskyyellowlorrymoneyjellytoyboyyogurtsoy音标[n][η][w][j]的练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[n]：[η]：[w]：[j]：___________二.写出单词或音标。［nais］[wɔt∫][wɔ:tә][bæηk][riη][ja:d][jip][net]bankthinknoserainswingkingwetwherewhatyardyesyour三.把以下单词用线连起来。knee[hæη]hang[ni:]yolk[jәuk]whale[iηk]ink[weil]四.在以下单词中找出发［n］音的单词并抄下来。knockbreadmirrorbanknutinkplaneneckrowskynoodlenoseboyscrywaterkneeparkheLesson13拼读练习拼读原那么→元音〔子音〕+辅音〔母音〕〔后母接前子〕/i:/bee/bi:/feet/fi:t/keep/ki:p/key/ki:/team/ti:m/meet/mi:t//i/it/it/big/big/city/siti/give/giv/sick/sik//e/get/get/best/best/text/tekst/help/help//æ/fat/fæt/have/hæv/cat/kæt/back/bæk/hat/hæt//a:/laugh/la:f/glass/gla:s/half/ha:f/farm/fa:m/park/pa:k//ɔ:/horse/hɔ:s/saw/sɔ:/corn/kɔ:n/course/kɔ