模拟卷01 2021年高考英语重难点押题金卷（新高考卷）（解析版）

模拟卷012021年高考重难点押题金卷（新高考卷）

英语

（满分150分，考试时间120分钟）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试

卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一

遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C»

1.Howmuchwillthemanpay?

A.$15.B.$30.C.$60.

【答案】A

【原文】

M:Howmucharethetoys?

W:Wearehavingasaletoday.Theoriginalpriceis10dollarseach,butnowitonlycostshalftheprice.

M:Allright,Tiltakethree.

2.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:I'msohungry,Mom.Isdinnergoingtobereadysoon?

W:Wejusthadlunchanhourago!Andyouhadtwofullplatesofbreakfastwhenyouwokeup.

3.Howwastheweatherlastweek?

A.Cold.B.Warm.C.Wet.

【答案】A

【原文】

W:Howwasyourcampinglastweek?Anythingyoufounddisappointing,Jason?

M:Yeah.Iwishwe'dstayedinahotel.Camping'sallverywellwhenit'swarm,butlastweek'sweather

certainlywasn'tideal.IwasshakingevenwhenIwasinmysleepingbag.

4.Whendidthemansendtheapplication?

A.Today.B.Yesterday.C.Aweekago.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:Didyoureceivemyapplication?

W:1did,butIhavenothadachancetolookitoveryet.

M:Notyet?It'sbeenoveraweekandIwashopingtogetananswertoday.

5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Inateachingbuilding.

【答案】A

【原文】

W:Welcome.Whatkindofbookwouldyoulike?

M:Somethingabouthistory.

W:They'reoverthere.Allthebooksareonsalethisweek.

第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各

小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whereisthewoman?

A.Attheaiqiort.B.Atahotel.C.Inadininghall.

7.Whatwillthetwospeakersdothisevening?

A.Haveamealtogether.B.Visitsomefriends.C.Relaxthemselves.

【答案】

6.B7.A

【原文】

W:Hello.IsMr.Smiththere?

M:Speaking,please.

W:ThisisFionaspeaking.

M:Hello,Fiona.WhendidyouarriveinNewYork?

W:Iarrivedjustnow.Itriedtocontactyoubyphonefromtheairport,butyourlinewasbusy.

M:Whereareyoucallingfrom?

W:FromthePeaceHotel.Willyoubefreethisevening?I'dlikeyoutohavedinnerwithme.

M:Ofcourse,butonlyonconditionthatyouwillbemyguest.Tilcallfbryouaroundsevenandtake

youtoenjoyseafood.

W:Splendid.Tilrelaxmyselffirstandwaitforyou.

M:Seeyoulater.

W:Seeyou.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.

B.Interviewerandinterviewee.

C.Colleagues.

9.Whereisthewomannow?

A.InJapan.B.InAmerica.C.InBritain.

10.Whatisthewomanweakin?

A.Computers.B.Languages.C.Organizingactivities.

【答案】

8.B9.C10.A

【原文】

M:Well,hello.Pleasecomeinandsitdown.YournameisMaryNorth,Isee...

W:Yes.

M:Sowhydon'tyoutellmeaboutyourself?

W:Uh,well,certainly.IcomefromJapan,butnowIlivehereinLondon.Ireceivedadegreein

BusinessEnglishattheUniversityofChicagoinAmerica.AndIorganizedmanyactivitiesatuniversity.

Theseareallinmyapplication.

M:Well,howaboutyourofficeskills?Canyoutypefast?

W:Icantype,butnotveryfast.

M:Canyoudowordprocessingandfinancialreports?

W:No,Ican't,butI'dliketolearnaboutcomputers.

M:Whataboutlanguages?

W:Well,IspeakJapanese.MyFrenchisgood,andIcanspeakEnglishverywell.

M:Oh,yes.Ithinkwe*llsendyoualetternextweek.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Wheredidthemanfindthecar?

A.NeartheNo.8Bridge.B.AlongtheEatonRoad.C.FarfromtheLondonRoad.

12.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.Heisapoliceman.B.Heisanengineer.C.Heisadriver.

13.Whichdoesn'tthemanprovideaboutthecar?

A.Itscolor.B.Itsnumber.C.Itstype.

【答案】

11.A12.B13.C

【原文】

W:Policestation.CanIhelpyou?

M:Yes.FmcallingtotellyouIfoundacar.Ithoughtitmightbeastolencar.

W:Isee.Whereexactlydidyoufindit?

M:NeartheNo.8BridgealongtheLondonRoad.

W:CanIknowyournameandaddress,please?

M:HenryRoberts.Iliveat51EatonRoad.

W:Whatdoyoudo.Mr.Roberts?

M:I'manengineeratBacksetCompany.

W:Doyoustillrememberthenumberofthecar?

M:Yes.ThenumberisBWE4578.

W:Anythingelse?

yellowandnearlynew.

W:Whendidyoufindthecar?

M:OnWednesday.

W:Well,thankyouverymuch,Mr.Roberts.We'llinvestigateit.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14.Whatisthewomanprobablyreading?

A.Ahistorybook.B.Asciencebook.C.AnEnglishbook.

15.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Becarefulwhenreading.

B.Findsomeonetohelpher.

C.Startreadingthebooksearly.

16.Whydoesthewomanreadslowly?

A.Sheisnotinterestedinreading.

B.Shehastroublepayingattention.

C.Shetriestoremembereverything.

【答案】

14.A15.B16.C

【原文】

M:Whatareyoudoing,MaryAnne?

W:Readingabookformyhistoryclass.

M:Why?Classesdon'tstartforanotherweek!

W:Iknow.Butlasttermwasverydifficultforme.Igotfarbehindinmyclasses.Sothisterm,I've

decidedtoreadmybooksearly.

M:Whydon'tyougetsomeonetohelpyoustudy?

W:Idon'thaveaproblemstudying.MyonlyproblemisthatIreadveryslowly.

M:Maybeyouhavetroublepayingattention.

W:No.IamverycarefulwhenIread.ButItrytoremembereverything,soittakesalongtime.Ithink

thesolutionisjusttoreadthebooksearly.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatproblemwillthemotorwaybringtothevillage?

A.Fewervillagerswilllivethere.

B.Thewell-knownbeautyspotwillbedestroyed.

C.ChildrenwillfindithardtogototheStreeveBeach.

18.Whatwillbebuiltonfarmland?

A.Aswimmingpool.B.Houses.C.Asteelfactory.

19.Wherewillthehigh-techparkbebuilt?

A.Inthenorthofthevillage.

B.Inthewestofthevillage.

C.Inthesouthofthevillage.

20.Whatismostvillagers,attitudetowardsthegovernmentplans?

A.Fullysatisfied.B.Ratherworried.C.Quiteunexpected.

【答案】

17.C18.B19.C20.B

【原文】

M:AndnowforourmainheadlinesonSouthernLocalNewsfortoday.Firstofall,thereportaboutthe

governmentplansondevelopmentsaroundthevillageofTartlesburywaspublishedthismorning.The

newmotorwaywillpassalongthenorthsideofthevillage.ItwillcrosstheRiverTeemefromthe

well-knownbeautyspot,StreeveBeach,tothenorth-eastofthevillage.Themotorwaywillcutthe

villageofffrom(heStreeveBeach,wheremanychildrenplay.Butthatisnottheendofit.Thereare

alsoplanstobuildathousandhousesonfarmlandwestofthevillage.Andontopofthatistheplanto

buildahigh-techparkfornewtechnologycompanies.Itwillbebuiltinthesouthofthevillage,where

theoldsteelfactoryusedtobe.Anewcenterwithaswimmingpoolandalargesupermarketarealso

plannednexttothepark.And,ashasbeenexpected,theplanshavecreatedquitealotofinterest.Notall

peopleareforthem.Mr.Khan,alocalshopkeepersaid,“Mostofusinthevillageareabsolutely

concemedaboutwhatisbeingplannedhere.Thisisjustachanceforsomepeopletomakemoney

quickly.Ofcourse,wewelcomethejobsthatthenewtechnologyparkwillbring,butwefeelmore

worriedthatthelargeincreaseinhousingandtheplannedmotorwaywilldestroythecharacterofthe

area.,,IthinkthisisadebatethatisgoingtorunonfbrquitesometimeandwehereonLocalNewswill

keepyouinfonned.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Chinastartstogiveheavyfinestothosewhodisobeythenation'srestrictionsondisposable

plasticproducts,includingsingle-useplasticbagsandstraws.Manyrestaurantbrandshavetriedto

replaceplasticstrawswitheco-friendlyones.Luckilyforus,thereisnoshortageofoptions.Whilethey

maynotbeasfunandconvenientasdisposableplasticstraws,it'stimeforeveryonetoplaytheirpartin

nolongerhurtingourplanetaryecosystembychoosingconvenienceoverresponsibility.

Glassstraws

Dirtcanbespottedthroughglass.Andglassstrawsarequitecomfortabletodrinkfrom,butcanbe

easilybrokenifyou'renottoocarefulwhenhandlingthem.Youmayalsofeelitinconvenienttocarrya

glassstrawaroundwithyouwhereveryougo.

Stainlesssteelstraws

Thestainlesssteelstrawisverystrongthankstoitsbasematerial,andthuscanbereusedand

cleanedthoroughlywithoutdamagingitssurface.Whilebeingstronggivesstainlesssteelstrawsone

pointoverglassstraws,theiropaque（不透明的）lookmakesitimpossibleforustoseewhetherthe

insideisdirtyornot.

Bamboostraws

Bambooisaverydurable,strongtypeofwood,andcanbeeasilyrecycled.Bamboostrawsare

usuallymadewithoutanyplasticizer.However,thedrawbackofusingthistypeofstrawisitstendency

toaccumulatemold（霉菌）inthewetenvironment.

Silicone（硅酮）straws

Siliconestrawsaresoft,flexibleandmostneverbreak.They'reveryeasytoclean,fun-looking,and

especiallypopularamongchildren.However,siliconeissaidtobesomethingofahybridbetweena

synthetic（合成的）rubberandasyntheticplasticpolymer,whichmenusit'sstillaplastic.

21.Whatisanadvantageofaglassstraw?

A.Itisfun-looking.B.Dirtcanbeseeneasily.

C.Itiseffortlesstocleanit.D.Itisconvenienttocarryitaround.

22.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribebothstainlesssteelstrawsandbamboostraws?

A.Strongandrecyclable.B.Kids-friendlyandreusable.

C.Strongandflexible.D.Sohanddurable.

23.Childrenaremostlikelytochoose.

A.glassstrawsB.stainlesssteelstraws

C.bamboostrawsD.siliconestraws

【语篇解读】

这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种材质的吸管。

21.B【解析】细节理解题。根据Glassstraws部分的“Dirtcanbespottedthroughglass.（透过玻璃

可以看到污物。）〃可知，玻璃吸管的优点是污垢很容易看到。故选B。

22.A【解析】】推理判断题。根据Stainlesssteelstraws部分的“Thestainlesssteelstrawisverystrong

thankstoitsbasematerial,andthuscanbereusedandcleanedthoroughlywithoutdamaging

itssurface,（不锈钢吸管非常坚固，这得益于它的基础材料，因此可以重复使用和彻底清

洗，而不会损坏其表面。）”以及Bamboostraws部分的“Bambooisaverydurable,strongtype

ofwood,andcanbeeasilyrecycled.（竹子是一种非常耐用、结实的木材，而且很容易回收

利用。）〃可推知，不锈钢吸管喝竹子吸管坚固且可回收。故选A。

23.D【解析】细节理解题。根据Silicone（硅酮）straws部分的“Siliconestrawsaresoft,flexibleandmost

neverbreak.They'reveryeasytoclean,fun-looking,andespeciallypopularamongchildren/硅

胶吸管柔软、有弹性，而且大多数不会折断。它们很容易清洁，外观有趣，特别受孩子们

的欢迎。）〃可知，孩子们最有可能选择硅胶吸管。故选D。

B

Ifyouthinkyou'dliketoliveonMars,youmayhavethatpossibilityby2023.ADutch

companycalledMarsOnewillsoonadvertiseforpeopleinterestedincolonizing（开拓）Mars.Ifyou

haveallthenecessaryskills,youcouldbeoneofthefirstcolonists.Areyoureadyforthechallenge?

Youwon'thavetopayforthemissiontoMars.MarsOnehasalreadyreceivedmoneyfromsome

donorsandishopingtogetmorefromTVviewerswhowillbecomeinterestedintheshowwhereall

applicantshaveadebatefortherarechances.

ThemainresponsibilityofthefirstcolonistsistocreateanartificialenvironmentonMarswhere

thereisnoairtobreatheandnolandtofarm.Scientistsknowit'squitepossiblebecausesomething

similarhasalreadybeendoneinAntarctica.

AnotherproblemisthatspacetraveltoMarstakesnearlyayeartogettoMarsandthecolonists

willlivetherestoftheirlivesthere.Whenahumanlivesinanenvironmentwithoutgravityorwithlow

gravityforalongtime,thesystemsinthebodyweaken.Luckily,spinning（旋转）thespaceshipcan

createartificialgravity,andartificialgravitycaneasetheseproblems.ItwillalsobedifficultforMars

coloniststobefarfromhome,livinginsmallspaces,andseeingthesamepeopleoverandover.

Colonistswithdepressioncouldputthemissionindanger.Fortunately,afewyearsago,ajointRussian

andEuropeanprojectcalledtheMars500Missionstudiedpeople'sreactionsinaMars-likeenvironment.

Itisviewedasagreatsuccessbecausescientistswereabletoseehowpeoplehandleemotionaland

physicalstresses.

Recentstudiesshowthatsevenpercentofpeoplewouldwanttogoonsuchanadventure.

MarsOnewillsoonstartacceptingitsfirstcolonists.Areyouinterested?

24.WhatdoweknowabouttheapplicantstoMarsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.TheywilllandonMarsin2023.

B.Theycangetmoneyfromdonors.

C.TheywillcompeteinaTVshow.

D.Theydonotneedspecialskills.

25.WhatwillthefirstcolonistsdotosolvethebasiclivingproblemsonMars?

A.Createearth-likeconditions.

B.BuildlabsinAntarctica.

C.Spinthespaceship.

D.StarttheMars500Mission.

26.Whatcanthelifeofthefirstcolonistsbelikeaccordingtothepassage?

A.Difficultanddangerous.

B.Differentbutadaptable.

C.Challengingandunbearable.

D.Acceptablebutdepressing.

27.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Mars:ourfinaldestination?

B.ReadytobeMars,colonists?

C.Spacetravel:athrillingadventure?

D.AreyouaqualifiedMarsastronaut?

【语篇解读】

本文是•篇说明文。文章主要介绍•家名为“火星-号''的荷兰公司刊登广告，招聘对殖民火

星感兴趣的人，以及介绍在火星居住所存在的问题。

24.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章前两段，特别是第二段“MarsOnehasalreadyreceivedmoney

fromsomedonorsandishopingtogetmorefromTVviewerswhowillbecomeinterestedinthe

showwhereallapplicantshaveadebatefortherarechances.（"火星——号''已经收至了——些捐赠

者的捐款，并希望从对该节目感兴趣的电视观众那里获得更多捐款。该节目中，所有申请

者都要为这一难得的机会进行辩论可知，火星申请者需要在电视节目中进行辩论比赛。

故选Co

25.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Themainre叩onsibilityofthefirstcolonistsistocreate

anartificialenvironmentonMarswherethereisnoairtobreatheandnolandtofarm.（第——批

殖民者的主要职责是在火星上创造一个人造环境，那里没有空气可以呼吸，也没有土地可

以耕种。）“可知，第一批开拓者将需要创造地球的条件来解决火星上的基本生活问题。故

选Ao

26.B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Whenahumanlivesinanenvironmentwithoutgravity

orwithlowgravityforalongtime,thesystemsinthebodyweaken.（当一个人长期生活在失

重或低重力环境中，体内的系统就会变弱。）”和"ItwillalsobedifficultforMarscoloniststo

befarfromhome,livinginsmallspaces,andseeingthesamepeopleoverandover.Colonists

withdepressioncouldputthemissionindanger.Fortunately,afewyearsago,ajointRussian

andEuropeanprojectcalledtheMars500Missionstudiedpeople'sreactionsinaMars-like

environment.Itisviewedasagreatsuccessbecausescientistswereabletoseehowpeople

handleemotionalandphysicalstresses.（对于火星殖民者来说，远离家乡，生活在狭小的空

间里，反复看到同样的人也很困难。沮丧的殖民者可能会使任务陷入危险。幸运的是，几

年前，俄罗斯和欧洲的一个联合项目“火星500任务”研究了人类在类火星环境中的反应。

它被视为一个巨大的成功，因为科学家们能够看到人们如何处理情绪和身体压力。户可推

断，第一批开拓者的生活是不同的，但是他们的适应性强。故选B。

27.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段、最后一段“MarsOnewillsoonstartacceptingitsfirst

colonists.Areyouinterested?（火星一号不久将开始接受第•批开拓者。你感兴趣吗?）”及全

文内容可知，文章主要介绍一家名为“火星一号''的荷兰公司刊登广告，招聘对殖民火星感

兴趣的人，以及介绍在火星居住所存在的问题。所以“ReadytobeMars'cokmists?（准备好

成为火星开拓者了吗?户作为标题最为合适。故选B。

C

Audiencesmaybereadytoreturn.Willtheyhaveanythingtowatch?Itisturningouttobealong

pause.

CinemasacrosstheWestclosedinMarchand,despiteattemptstoreopeninthesummer,thebox

officehasnotrecovered.FromOctober9thCineworld,theworld'ssecond-largestchain,will

temporarilyshutits536RegaltheatersinAmericaandits127Britishones.AMC,thebiggest,willcut

theopeninghoursatsomeOdeoncinemasinBritain.

Earlyinthepandemictheproblemwasaudiences.InMarchDisney's"Onward1*closedaspeople

refusedtobreathetheairwithacrowdofstrangers.Businessgotharderwhengovernmentsordered

theaterstoshut.

Ascountrieshavecased（解除）restrictionsandaudiencespreparedtoreturn,cinemasarefinding

littletoshowthem.InChina,whereCovid-19seemsundercontrol,studioshaveresumedpumpingout

hits.ButHollywoodwillnotriskpremiering（首映）costlyblockbusters（大片）whilemanymarkets,

includingNewYorkandCalifornia,remainclosed,andcinema-goerscautious.Mostbigtitleshave

beenpostponed.

Ninemonthswithoutincomewouldbedisastrous（灾难性的）.America'sNationalAssociationof

TheatreOwnerspredictsthatsevenoutoftensmallormedium-sizedcinemacompanieswillgobust

（破产）,whichithasurgedCongresstoapprove.

BothAMCandCineworldarelikelytostopacontractorfileforgoingbust,believesMoody's,a

ratingsagency;AMCcouldrunoutofcashbyJanuary.SharepricesofWesternoperatorshavedropped

sharplythisyear,andarenowworthafifthasmuchasfiveyearsago.Chineseoneshavedonebetter.

28.WhichcompanywillreducetheopeninghoursinBritain?

A.Cineworld.B.Odeon.

C.AMC.D.Hollywood.

29.Whatmakesthecinemabusinessgetharder?

A.Government'srestriction.B.Films'attraction.

C.Audience'sattitude.D.Operators,signingcontracts.

30.WhatisthesituationinHollywood?

A.Theyareapplyingforgoingbust.

B.Theyarecomplainedbytheaudiences.

C.Theywilloffertheaudiencemorebigtitles.

D.Theyputoffpremieringmostbigblockbusters.

31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A・Afewfamousfilmcompanies.B.Covid-19'seffectonthecinemas.

C.Theglobaleconomicsituation.D.Audience'sdesiringforfilms.

【语篇解读】

本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是在新冠病毒流行期间，观众不敢出门去电影院，政府也对

此出台相应的限制措施，影院不敢贸然推出制作成本大的影片，收入锐减而可能造成破产的现状,

来说明新冠肺炎对电影院的造成影响。

28.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第：：段“AMC,thebiggest,willcuttheopeninghoursatsomeOdeon

cinemasinBritain.（最大的AMC影院将削减英国一些Odeon影院的开放时间。）“可知AM

将削减英国的一些影院放映时间，故选C项。

29.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Businessgotharderwhengovernmentsorderedtheatersto

shut.（当政府下令剧院关闭时，生意变得更难了。户可知政府的限制让生意变得更困难了，

故选A项。

30.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“ButHollywoodwillnotriskpremiering（首映）costly

blockbusters（大片）whilemanymarkets,includingNewYorkandCalifornia,remainclosed,

andcinema-goerscautious.Mostbig由leshavebeenpostponed.（但是，在包括纽约和加利福尼

亚在内的许多市场仍处于关闭状态，电影观众也持谨慎态度的情况下，好莱坞不会冒险推

出耗资巨大的大片。大多数大片都被推迟了。）“可知，好莱坞推迟了大多数大片的首映。

故选D项。

31.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Earlyinthepandemictheproblemwasaudiences.InMarch

Disney's"Onward“closedaspeoplerefusedtobreathetheairwithacrowdofstrangers.

Businessgotharderwhengovernmentsorderedtheaterstoshut.（病毒大流行初期的问题是观

众。今年3月，由于人们拒绝与一群陌生人一起呼吸空气，迪士尼的《向前冲》（Onward）

停播。当政府下令剧院关闭时，生意变得更难了。广和第四段“Ascountrieshavecased（解

除）restrictionsandaudiencespreparedtoreturn,cinemasarefindinglittletoshowthem.In

China,whereCovid-19seemsundercontrol,studioshaveresumedpumpingouthits.（随着各国

纷纷解除限制措施，观众也准备回归，电影院发现可供放映的影片寥寥无几。在中国，新

冠肺炎似乎已得到控制，电影公司已重新开始制作热门影片。）“结合全文讲述在新冠病毒

流行期间，观众不敢HI门去电影院，政府也对此出台相应的限制措施，影院不敢贸然推出

制作成本大的影片，收入锐减而可能造成破产的现状，可知本文的主旨是新冠肺炎对电影

院的影响。故选B项。

D

Untilnow,scientistshaven'tbeenabletostudythenewrockonthemoon.Thenewsamples

fromChang'e5willchangethis.They?refromnearMonsRiimker,avolcanicmountainwheretherock

isthoughttobemuchyounger-about1billionyearsold.

Therearealotofreasonsscientistsareeagertostudythisyoungerrock,oneofwhichisthatit

couldhelpusmorepreciselydatenotonlythemoon,butmanyrockyplanetsandotherobjects.

Here'showthatworks:Scientistsdatelunarrockbyusingsomethingcalledachronologycurve（年

代学曲线），saysJollliff,ascientistsatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis.Basically,theyestimatethe

ageoftherockbycountingthenumberofcraters（火山口）intheareatherockcomesfrom;those

increaseasobjectsstriketherockovertime.Tomakethisestimation,scientistsneedtomatchthe

numberofcraterstoapreciseage.Rightnow,theyonlyhavedatapointsforlunarrockthatis3to

billionyearsold.Moderntechniquescandatethenewsampleextremelyaccurately,andoncescientists

knowitspreciseage,theycanaddavaluabledatapointtotheirchronologycurve.Thedatingsystem

willalsohelpusmoreaccuratelyestimatetheageofallsortsofobjectsinspace,likerockyplanetsand

othermoons.

Anotherreasonscientistsarekeentostudythisyoungvolcanicrockistofindoutmoreabouthow

volcanismworksonthemoon.Jollliffsaysthatit'sunclearwhytherewasvolcanicactivityonthemoon

forsuchalongperiodoftime.Mostofthemoon;svolcanicactivity,hesays,isthoughttohave

occurred3or4billionyearsago,whenthemoonwasstillprettyyoung.Butsincethemoondoesnot

haveplatestructure,whichdrivesvolcanismonEarth,it'sunclearwhatcouldhavecausedmuchlater

volcanicactivity."That'ssomethingthatyoucanfindoutofthesamplesbystudyingtheminthelabJ

Jollliffsays.

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inparagraph1referto?

A.Thefactofbeingunabletostudythenewrock.

B.ThenewrockfromnearMonsRumker.

C.Oneofthereasonstostudythemoon;snewrock.

D.Thestudyofthemoon'syoungerrock.

33.Scientistsresearchthisyoungerrockbecausetheycan.

A.ensuretherewasvolcanicactivityonthemoon.

B.morepreciselydateonlythemoon.

C.datelunarrockbyusingachronologycurve.

D.explorehowvolcanismworksonthemoon.

34.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Scientistsarekeentostudythisyoungvolcanicrock.

B.Scientistscan'tknowwhyvolcanicactivityexistsonthemoon.

C.Themoon'svolcanicactivityoccurred3or4billionyearsago.

D.It'sclearwhatcouldhavecausedmuchlatervolcanicactivity.

35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Howscientistsstudytheyoungerrock.

B.Whytheresearchisimportant.

C.Whytheyoungerrockisworthstudying.

D.Whatscientistsdotostudytheyoungerrock.

【语篇解读】

本文是说明文。文章描述了嫦娥五号使得科学家们对月球上的新岩石有r可能，而研究这种

岩石的好处是什么呢?文章一进行了说明。

32.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段Untilnow,scientistshaven'tbeenabletostudythenewrock

onthemoon.（直到现在，科学家们还不能研究月球上的新岩石。）结合划线词所在句“The

newsamplesfromChang'e5willchangethis.（来自嫦娥5号的新样品将会改变这一点）''可

推断，this指的是上文中提到的这个现象，A选项

"Thefactofbeingunabletostudythenewrock.（无法研究这种新岩石的事实）"符合题意。故选

A项。

33.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Anotherreasonscientistsarekeentostudythisyoung

volcanicrockistofindoutmoreabouthowvolcanismworksonthemoon.（科学家热衷于研究

这些年轻的火山岩的另一个原因是想『解更多关于月球上火山活动的情况）“可知，科学家

们研究这些年轻的岩石是因为他们能够探索月球上的火山活动是如何发生的。故选D项。

34.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butsincethemoondoesnothaveplatestructure,which

drivesvolcanismonEarth,ifsunclearwhatcouldhavecausedmuchlatervolcanicactivity.（fH

由于月球没有板块结构，而板块结构是地球上火山活动的驱动因素，所以不清楚是什么导

致了很久以后的火山活动。）''可推断，科学家们不知道月球上为什么会有火山活动。故选

B项。

35.C【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章首段“Untilnow,scientistshaven'tbeenabletostudy

thenewrockonthemoon.ThenewsamplesfromChang'e5willchangethis/直至U现在，科学

家们还不能研究月球上的新岩石。来自嫦娥5号的新样品将会改变这一点）”引出了话题，

关于新岩石的研究，接下来对研究这种岩石的好处进行了解说。因此推断C选项

“Whytheyoungerrockisworthstudying（为什么新岩石值得研究）”能够准确概括文章大意，

故选C项。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Habitsofhighlysuccessfulteens

Gettingyourkidtobedatnightisseriouslyoneofthemostchallengingthingsyou'lleverhaveto

do.Mostkidsarejustsofullofenergythatthey'lltireyououtbeforethey'rehalfwaythroughtheirstore

ofenergy.36.However,it'sreallynotagreatidea.

37.Thekids'parentswereaskedtotrackhowmuchscreentimethekidswereallowedalongwith

theirsleeppatterns.Theyalsohadthekidswearwristwatchesthattrackkids'movementand

surroundinglight.Thishelpedresearcherskeeptrackofhowlongkidsweresleeping.Thestudyfound

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theyalsowenttosleepabout34minutesearlierthanthekidsplayingiPads.38.qualityofsleepisvastly

importantforchildren.

Formerstudieshavefoundgoodqualitysleepcaninfluenceachild'slifeinmanyways,including

affectinggradesandalsoweightgain.Studentswithan"A"averagesleptfor30ormoreminutesper

nightthanthosewithatT,,average.39.Thosewithconsistentandage-appropriatebedtimehada

healthierBMI（体重指数）thanthosewithoutaconsistentbedtime.

40.Justlikeit'simportantforadu