高考高频考点：副词形容词名词规则（附十年真题练习）

高考高频考点：副词，形容词，名词规则（附十年真题练习）高考高频考点1：副词，形容词，名词规则（附十年真题练习）一形容词变副词情况变化规则示例一般情况直接加-lysharp→sharply;particular→particularly;extreme→extremely;poor→poorly;recent→recently;fair→fairly;certain→certainly;regular→regularly;slow→slowly;sudden→suddenly;huge→hugely;rare→rarely以-y结尾的单词变y为i,再加-lyeasy→easily;angry→angrily;necessary→necessarily;clumsy→clumsily(注意：y的读音同“ai”，直接加-ly，如：shy→shyly)以le结尾的单词去e,再加-ygentle→gently;terrible→terribly;comfortable→comfortably(特殊情况：whole→wholly)以-ue结尾的单词去e,再加-lytrue→truly以-ic结尾的单词加-allybasic→basically;scientific→scientificallyspecific→specifically(特殊情况：public→publicly)以-ll结尾的单词只加-yfull→fully;dull→dully真题演练：1.（2023新高考1）NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris________(rare)enough,yettwoseemgreedy,soIamalwaysleftwantingmorenexttime.2.（2023新高考2）________(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.3.（2023浙江1月）Theterm“hutong”,__________(original)meaning“waterwell”inMongolian,appearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty.4.（2022新高考1）TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimprovetheconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulationsandhomesofgiantpandas,and________(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.5.（2022新高考2）Whenhelookeddown,he_________(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.6.（2022浙江1月）OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,___________(rough)200academicsmanyofthemclimatescientistshavepromisedtoflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.7.（2021新高考1）Itwill____________(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed.8.（2021北京卷）Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecould_______(safe)waitforthepolicetotakeherhome.9.（2021浙江1月）But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed__________(sharp).10.（2020全国1卷）Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis________(extreme)challenging.11.（2020全国2卷）__________(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.12.（2020全国3卷）Asthesmallboatmoved________(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.13.（2019全国1卷）Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmushoftherangehasbeen________(poor)studied.14.（2019全国2卷）Heryearsofhardworkhave_______(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominatedhertobeCheshire’sWomanofTheYear.15.（2019全国3卷）TheyalsosharedwithusmanytraditionalstoriesaboutHawaiithatwere_______(huge)popularwithtourists.16.（2019浙江卷）Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan_________(easy)seethem.17.（2018全国2卷）Atasteformeatis________(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.18.（2018浙江11月）_________(recent),caffeinehasfounditswayintoorange,apple,andotherflavoreddrinks.19.（2017全国2卷）Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen_______(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.20.（2017全国3卷）Itis_________(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.21.（2017浙江11月）Youneedto________(real)readatleastonegoodbookaweek,preferablyaclassic.22.（2016全国1卷）Thetitlewillbe_________(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.23.（2016全国2卷）Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks_________(regular).24.（2016全国3卷）Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich_________(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.25.（2015全国1卷）Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit_________(regular)arrangesquickgetawaysforpeoplelivinginShanghaiandHongKong.26.（2015全国2卷）Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat________(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.27.（2014全国1卷）Theriverwassopollutedthatit________(actual)caughtfireandburned.28.（2014全国2卷）Everyoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone,andthecrowdofstrangers_________(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.答案：1.rarely2.Basically3.originally4.eventually5.accidentally6.roughly7.undoubtedly8.safely9.sharply10.extremely11.certainly12.gently13.poorly14.finally15.hugely16.easily17.actually18.Recently19.fairly20.certainly21.really22.officially23.regularly24.gradually25.regularly26.slowly27.actually28.suddenly二常考形容词后缀形容词后缀用法示例-al表示“属于...的，具有...性质的”globe→global;option→optional;tradition→traditional;nature→natural;person→personal;music→musical;origin→original-ful用于名词或动词后，表示“富有...的，充满...的，有...性质的”beauty→beautiful；wonder→wonderful；care→careful；success→successful；meaning→meaningful；pain→painful；peace→peaceful；power→powerful；faith→faithful-ing用于动词后，表示“令/使人...的”或“...的”或“正在...的”令人...的：amaze→amazing;convince→convincing;encourage→encouraging;inspire→inspiring;freeze→freezing...的：care→caring;shine→shining/shiny;exist→existing;visit→visiting正在...的：fall→falling

-ed用于动词后，表示“具有...特征的”或“被...的”或“感到...的”有...的：sight→sighted；qualify→qualified;fail→failed;advance→advanced被...的：import→imported;intend→intended;build→built已经...的：fall→fallen;boil→boiled;retire→retired感到...的：please→pleased;move→moved;excite→excited;disappoint→disappointed-ble(-able/-ible)表示“可/能...的，具有...性质的”remark→remarkable;value→valuable;afford→affordable;knowledge→knowledge；reason→reasonable;comfort→comfortable;access→accessible-y表示“充满...的，有...倾向的，似...地”wealth→wealthy；fog→foggy；guilt→guilty;noise→noisy;taste→tasty；smell→smelly;luck→lucky;ice→icy;juice→juicy;word→wordy-ive表示“有…性质的，有…倾向的”Impress→impressive;effect→effective;create→creative-ous表示“有...性质的，充满...的”anxiety→anxious;humor→humorous;continue→continuous;courage→courageous;variety→various;curiosity→curious

-ly表示“具有……性质或特点的，每隔……时间的”friend→friendly;dead→deadly;live→lively;love→lovely;day→daily;week→weekly;month→monthly-ic表示“与……有关的”history→historic;symbol→symbolic;system→systematic;hero→heroic-en表示“由……制成(或构成)的，像……一样的”wood→wooden;wool→woollen;gold→golden

真题演练：1.（2023全国甲卷）__________(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.2.（2023全国乙卷）The_________(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,meansthereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere.3.（2023新高考1）Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,_________(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.4.（2023新高考1）Shanghaimaybethe_________(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongbao’sbirthplace.5.（2023新高考2）SinceJune2017,rightbeforethearrivalofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand__________(confidence)speakingEnglish.6.（2023新高考2）Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto________(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencametocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.7.（2023浙江1月）Thehutongstheyformedwereorderly,linedby__________(space)homesandwalledgardens.8.（2022全国甲卷）Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore_________(meaning).9.（2022全国乙卷）Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha________(share)futureformankind.10.（2022新高考2）Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony,Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedover1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe_________(fall)child.11.（2022新高考2）Theybothfell________(sleep)whilewatchingTV.12.（2022浙江6月）Blindpeoplerecognizeshapeswiththeir________(exist)senses,inawaysimilartothatof__________(sight)people,saysEllaStriem-Amit,aHarvardscientist.13.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesandwatchtowerstotakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir_________(day)routines.14.（2021全国乙卷）Provide__________(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.15.（2021新高考1）Butthat’shownatureisalwaysleavingus________(astonish).16.（2021新高考1）Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour________(ache)legs.17.（2021新高考2）Itoldhimhow________(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreeco-friendlyoptions.18.（2021新高考2）Iwasso_________(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.19.（2020全国2卷）BranchesofPlumBlossoms:The________(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbudsmakefantasticdecorations.20.（2020北京卷）Oliversaysifyou’re_________(luck)enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthemifyoucanjoininwhenit’spossible.21.（2020海南卷）Atthesametime,computergamesarebecomingincreasinglypopularasmajorpublishinghousescontinuetodevelop_________(education)computerprogramsforchildreninpreschool.22.（2020山东卷）Inthe18thand19thcenturies,_________(wealth)peopletraveledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.23.（2019全国2卷）Wearesoproudofher.It’s_________(wonder).24.（2019全国3卷）Theyalsosharedwithusmany________(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwerehugelypopularwithtourists.25.（2019浙江卷）Schooluniformsare________(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.26.（2019北京卷）It’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand________(meaning)collegeexperience.27.（2018全国1卷）Runningischeap,easyandit’salways_________(energy).28.（2018全国2卷）AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal________(globe)fertilizerconsumption.29.（2018全国3卷）Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeel_________(challenge).30.（2018浙江卷）Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe________(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.31.（2017全国1卷）However,be_________(care)nottogotoextremes.32.（2017全国2卷）TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost_________(success)ofthesesnewlines,andwasopenedin1900.33.（2017浙江11月）Oneofthe_________(effect)waystobuildvocabularyistoreadgoodbooks.34.（2017浙江卷）Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser,andshenoticeda__________(shine)object.35.（2015全国2卷）As________(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.36.（2014全国1卷）Whilethereare_________(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthechangesaregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.37.（2014全国1卷）Justbe_______(patience).38.（2014全国2卷）Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand_________(disappoint).答案：1.Different2.remarkable3.tasty4.recognized5.confident6.visiting7.spacious8.meaningful9.shared10.falling11.asleep12.existing;sighted13.daily14.financial15.astonished16.aching17.harmful18.excited19.beautiful20.lucky21.educational22.wealthy23.wonderful24.traditional25.traditional26.meaningful27.energetic28.global29.challenged30.affordable31.careful32.successful33.effective34.shiny/shining35.natural36.amazing37.patient38.disappointed三常考名词后缀后缀意义示例-ion,-sion,-tion表示行为或状态accuse→accusation;construct→construction;connect→connection;invite→invitation;discuss→discussion;decide→decision;innovate→innovation（难点：explain→explanation;describe→description;admit→admission)-ment

表示行为或结果commit→commitment;achieve→achievement;develop→development;require→requirement;agree→agreement;punish→punishment;judge→judgment;treat→treatment-ness表示状态，性质，或结果rich→richness;aware→awareness;kind→kindness;weak→weakness;lonely→loneliness-cy表示性质或状态private→privacy;accurate→accuracy;pregnant→pregnancy-ity,-ty表示状态或行为able→ability;responsible→responsibility;stable→stability;anxious→anxiety;loyal→loyalty;real→reality-ence,-ance,-ancy,-ency表示性质、状况、行为或程度perform→performance;appear→appearance;guide→guidance;prefer→preference;convenient→convenience;silent→silence;expect→expectancy-th表示结果、过程、性质、状态warm→warmth;deep→depth;true→truth;strong→strength

-ive,-ative表示能做某事的人或物represent→representative;detect→detective-ure表示行为、状态或结果press→pressure;mix→mixture;expose→exposure-al表示行为或状态arrive→arrival;propose→proposal-age表示状态short→shortage;marry→marriage;cover→coverage-dom表示地位、状态free→freedom;bored→boredom;wise→wisdom-ism表示制度，主义，行为，学说，信仰criticize→criticism;social→socialism;hero→heroism-ship表示某种职业，身份或状态leader→leadership;friend→friendship;owner→ownership;member→membership

真题演练：1.（2024浙江首考）Manysupermarketsarenolongerdoing“buyonegetonefree”promotionsbecauseofthe_______(criticize)thattheyleadtowaste.2.（2023全国甲卷）However,Carson’sthemeisamoreweighty_________(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.3.（2023新高考2）SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe________(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,IhavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableandconfidentspeakingEnglish.4.（2022全国甲卷）CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental__________(protect).5.（2022全国乙卷）AsamainpromoteroftheinternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthelargesttea-producingcountry,Chinahasa_________(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.6.（2022浙江6月）JohnOlson,aformer_________(photograph)andhisteamturnpaintingsintofullytextured3Dmodels.7.（2022浙江6月）ForLuc,thismeans___________(independent).8.（2022浙江1月）Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedthe___________(invite).9.（2021全国乙卷）Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecomeeducatedabouttheareasbothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe_________(develop)ofthelocalareas.10.（2021新高考2）Acompany__________(represent)wrotebackandtolemetheairlinewasswitchingovertheplastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.11.（2021浙江6月）In1844theyboughtitfor$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir__________(marry)ceremonyin1842.12.（2020全国2卷）ChineseNewYearisa_________(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofthespring.13.（2020全国3卷）Filledwith_________(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.14.（2020海南卷）Also,technologicalknow-howhasbecomea__________(require)formostjobsinanincreasinglydigitalworld.15.（2020山东卷）Historical__________(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.16.（2019全国1卷）InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavuthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa________(believe)thatpopul