2021年6月英语四级真题+答案范文(第二套)

2021年6月英语四级真题+答案范文(第二套)Directions:Forthispart,onlinewillcausestudDirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblablankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepasthroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.EachchoiceinthebankisidenPleasemarkthecorrespondinglthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.perfecttimetoseeklunch.In20universities,whospentamonthinthe28heattraBackinBelgium,thescientistslookedattheantsutriangularhairreflectslightlikeaprism,givingthemametallicrelamp,itstemperaturejumped.Theants'methodofstayingcoolis34amonganimals.CouldthisrefleverythingfromhelpingtoprotectthelivesoffirefighterstokeepinghomescoDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtorcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparawithaletter.Answerthequestionbyourfears.Butdisastersgenuine,scientificallydocumentedtruthtotheexpression,"whatdoesn'tkillyoumakesyoustr[B]Onewaysocialscientistshaveprobedtheeffectsofcareesimilarqualificationswho,forreasonsthataremostareaswheremeritissubjective.ThatallowsresearcherstomeasureonlytheeffectsStudiesinthisareahavefoundconflictingresults.Inthecompetiscientistswhonarrowlylostorwongrantmoneysuggeststhatnarrowwinnersbecomeev[C]A2018studypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,forexample,followedresearchersintheNetherlandsandconcludedthatthosewhojustbarelyqualifiedforagraabletogettwiceasmuchmoneywithinthenexteightyearsasthosewhojustmissedout.Andthwinnerswere50percentmorelikelytobegivenaprofess[D]OthersintheUShavefoundsimilareffectswithNationalInstitutesofHealcatapultingnarrowwinnersfaraheaeffect,inspiredbytheNewTestament'swisdomthattothosewhohave,morewillbegivexplanationforthephenomenoninthebookTheFormula:TheUniversalLawsofSuccessbyAlberBarabasi:it'seasierandlessriskyforthoseinpositionsofpowertochoosetthosewho'vealreadybeensorecogdowntheline.Whatdidn'tkillthemmadethemweaker.shownthere'ssometimesnopenaltytoanearmiss:studentswhojustmissgettingintouniversitiesdojustaswelllaterinlifeasthosewhosqueakin.matter.Soisthereanyevidencethatsetbacksmightactual[F]InastudypublishedinNatureCommunications,NorthwesternUnivtrackedmorethan1100scientistswhowereonth1990and2005.Hefollowedvapaperstheyauthoredandhowinfluentialthosepaperswere,asmeasuredbythenumberofsubsequentcitations.Asexpected,tamongthosewhostayedon,thecloselosersperformedevenbettertthiswasn'tafluke,Wangsaidheconductedadditionaltestsusingdifferentperhowmanytimespeoplewerefirstauthorsoninfluentialstudies[G]Onestraightforwardreasoncloselosersmightoutperforcomparableability,buttheloserswereculledsothatonlytheWangsaidhetriedtocorrectforthisbycullingwhathedeemedtheweakestmembersofthewinnebuttheperseveringlosersstillcameoutontop.Hethpsychologicalboost,ortheproverbialkickinthepants.[H]UtrechtUniversitysociologistArnoutvandeRijt,wtherichgetricher,saidthenewfindingisplausibleanalthoughthenarrowwinnersdidgetmuchmoremoneyinthenearfuture,theactualperformanceofth[I]Hesaidthepeoplewhoshouldbepayingheedtotgovernmentgrantmoney.Afteralgettingthemaximumbangforourbuckifthecloselosersareperformingjustaswellorevenbetter.There'sahugeamountoftimeandefforandthelatestresearchshowsthatthescientificestabliweshouldspendlessmoneytryingtofigureoutwequalpartitioningofmoneymightbemoreproductiveandmoreefficient.VandeRijtsaidhe'snotconvincedthatlosingoutgivespeopleapsycholoselectioneffect.EventhoughWangtriedtoaccountforthisbycullingtheweakknowwhichofthewinnerswouldhavequithadtheyfoundthemselvesonthelosingside.recentpaperhesubmittedtoajournal,whichaccepteditonlytorequestextensiveediting,ancourseandrejectedit.Hesubmittedtheuneditedversiontoamoreprestigiousjournalan[K]Insportsandmanyareasoflife,wethinkoffailuresasevidenceofsomethinbetter-afatewecouldhaveavoidedwithmorefocus.AndthereitmakessensethatfailuresshThesepapersdealwithakindoffailurewinsandwholoses.Butattheveryleast,tfatal.Theymightevenmakeusbetteratourjobs.Gett36.Beingacloselosercouldgreatlymotivateonetopers37.Grantawarderstendtofavorresearchersalreadyrecognizedintheirre38.Sufferingearlysetbacksmighthelppeopleimprovetheirjobperformance39.Researchbysocialscientistsontheeffectsofc40.Itisnottothebestinterestoftaxpayerstokeepgivingmoneytonarrowwinners.41.Scientistswhopersistedinresearchwithoutreceivingagrantmadegreaterachievem42.Aresearchpaperrejectedbyonejournalmaygetacceptedbyanother.43.Accordingtoonerecentstudy,narrowwinnersofresearchgrantshadbetterchancestobepromoted44.Oneresearchersuggestsitmightbemorefruitfultodistribut45.MinorsetbacksintheirearlycareermayDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpastatements.ForeachoEducatorsandbusinessleadershavemoreincommonthanitmayseem.Teachestudentsforasuccessfulfuture.TSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)skillsneededtoindustry.Howcantheyworktogethertoachievethesegoals?PlayFocusingonSTEMskillswhencombinedwithtraditional,hands-oncreativeactivities.Thiscombtopreparetoday'schildrentobethemakersandbuildersoftomorrow.Thatiswhytechnologycompaniesarepartneringwitheducatorstobringbackgood,old-fashionedplay.Infactmanyexpertsarguethatthemostimportant2lst-technologiesorsubjectmatter,buttocreativkidstinker(鼓捣小玩意),High-techindustriessuchasNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratoryhavefoundthattheirbestoverallproblemsolversweremastertinkerersintheTherearecognitive(认知的)benefitsofdoingthingsthewaywedidaschildren-buildingsomething,earingitdown,thenbuildingitupagain.Resdfive-year-oldswillspendathirThistypeofplay-especiallywithbuildingblocks-helpschildrendiscoveranddevelopkeyprinciplesinmathIfplayandbuildingarecriticalto21stcenturyskilldevelopment,that'sreallygooChildrenarebornbuilders,makers,andcreators,sofostering(培养)21stcenturyskillsmaybeassimpleascenturytechnologytofoster21stcenturyskilcommunities.TakingwhatevermaterialsarehandyandtinkeringwithA)TheyseekadvicefromtechnologycompaniestoachiB)Theyhavebeensuccessfulinpreparingtheworkforceforcompanies.C)TheyhelpstudentsacquirethD)Theypartnerwithtechnologycompaniestoenhanceteachingefficiency.A)ByblendingthemwithtraditionalB)ByinvitingbusinessleaderstohelpdesigncurriculC)ByenhancingstudD)ByshowingstudentsthebestwaytolearnisthrB)ByplayingwiththingstosolveproblemsontheirowD)Bymasteringbasicprinciplesthroughteamwork.49.WhatcanwedotohelpA)StimulatetheirinterestaseaB)Spendmoretimeplayinggameswiththem.C)Encouragethemtomakethingswithhands.A.TrainstudentstobemakerstomeetfuturemarketdeD.WorktogetherwithcompaniestoimprQuestions51to55arebasedoBeinganinformationtechnologyorITworkerisnotajobIenvymiddleofacriticalmeeting,areexpectedtoinstantlyfixtheprojectorthat'snolongerworking.Thetoleratethebadtempersofcolleaguesfrustratedatthenumberoftimesthey'vehadtocallthehelpdeskforthesameissue.TheyarealsotheoneswhoknowbuttheiremployersimplywillnotputupthefundstobuyAccordingtoarecentsurvey,employeeswhohaveajobreliantonsourceofjobdissatisfaction.Throughnofaultoftheirown,theycansuddenlyfindtheirproductivitydeterioratingorqualitycontrolnon-existent.AndthTheexperienceofusingITpenetratesalmosttheentireworkfield.IthasbecomeacrucialpartofTheirjobsatisfaction,too,cansurgewhenwell-functioningmachinesrelievethemofdulltasksorrepetitiveprocesses.Butifthere'sonethingthattriggerswidespreademployeefrustration,it'sanITtransformationprojectgonewrong,whereswollenexpectationshavebeenpoppedandalonglistofpromisedefficihavebeenreversed.ThisoccurswhenbusinessleadersimplementITinitiativeswithlittleconsiderationofhowthosechangeswillimpacttheendWhichiswhymanagersshouldappreciatejusthowinfluentialtheITuserexperienceistotemployees,andexertsubstantialeffortinensurapplicationcrashes.AdequateandtimelyITsupptechnologicalissuesatwork.Moreimportantly,ITpractitionersneedtounderstandwhatemployeesexperiencementallywhentheyuseIT.Therefore,businessesneedtosetuptheirIdesignedtofitinwiththeiremployees?Work,ratherthanaA.Itisenviedbymany.B.ItC.Itisfinanciallyrewarding.52.WhatisthefindingofarecentsurveyonemployeeswhohaA.IThelpsboostproductivity.B.IThelpsimprovequalitycontrol.C.ManyemployeesaredeeplyfrustratedbyIT.D.Mo53.WhatissaidtohappenwhenITB.EmployeesbecomemoredependC.TherearenolongeranyboringorrepetiD.Employeesbecomemoreconfidentintheirwork.54.WhatshouldbusinessleadersdobefA.ConsiderthevariousexpectationsB.Drawupalistoftheefficienciestobepromised.C.Assesstheswollencostoftrainingtheempl55.HowcanabusinesshelpimproveitA.BydesigningsystemsthatsuitthB.ByensuringthattheirmentalhealC.ByadjustingtheirDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapasshouldwriteyouransw2021年6月英语四级答案范文(第二套)DoviolentvideogamesleadtovTheexplosivegrowthofvideogamesinrecenttwodecadeshasarousedgravesocialcomainreasonsisthatmanypeopleworryviolentvideogamescouldleadtoviolence.Tchildplayers.[4]Foronething,atayoungage,childrenusuallydon'thavegoodjudgmentandarimitatetheviolentbehavioursingamesandregardthemasbeingofviolencetoboostplayers'excitement,thusenhancingtheirappeal.Agrowingnumberofresearchprovesthatviolentvideogamescontributetochildren'saggressivebehaviorsintheirConsideringmanyteenagersarespendingahugeamountoftimeandmonebealerttothepossibleharmofviolentgamesthatcouldbedonetochildren.PartIIIReadingCo