2011高考英语二轮复习课件非谓语动词

2011CollegeEntranceExaminationEnglishSecondROverviewofNonfiniteVerbsTheusageofnonfiniteverbsTheTenseandVoiceofNonfiniteVerbsSpecialcasesofnonfiniteverbsAnalysisofrealcollegeentranceexaminationquestions01OverviewofNonfiniteVerbsNonfiniteverbsarethosethatdonothaveafiniteforminEnglishgrammar.Theyaretypicallyinfinitives,participles,orgerunds.Infinitivesarethebasicformoftheverb,withoutanytenseorpersoninflections,andtheyareusuallyprecededbytheparticle"to".Participlesareverbformsthatareusedincombinationwithotherverbstoformcompoundtenses,andtheycanbeeitherpresentorpastparticipleforms.Gerundsareverbformsthatareusedasnounsandusuallyendin"-ing".Thedefinitionofnonfiniteverbs01Nonfiniteverbscanbeclassifiedbasedontheirusageandfunctioninthesentence.02Infinitivescanbeusedassubjects,objects,orcomplementsinthesentence.03Participlescanbeusedasadjectivesoradverbstomodifynounsorverbs,respectively.04Gerundscanbeusedassubjectsorobjectsinthesentence.ClassificationofNonfiniteVerbsNonfiniteverbsplayacrucialroleinEnglishgrammarandsentencestructure.Theycanexpressactions,states,orconditionsandprovideadditionalinformationaboutthesubjectorthecontextofthesentence.Nonfiniteverbscanalsobeusedtocreatecomplexsentencesbycombiningdifferentverbformsandtenses.Thefunctionofnonfiniteverbs02TheusageofnonfiniteverbsTheusageofinfinitivesasnonfiniteverbsInfinitivescanbeusedaspredicatesinsentencestoexpressthesubject'sactionorstate.InfinitivesaspredicatesInfinitivescanbeusedascomplementsinsentencestoprovideadditionalinformationorclarifythesubject'saction.InfinitivesascomplementsInfinitivescanbeusedasadjunctsinsentencestoaddmoreinformationaboutthesubjectortoprovideareasonorexplanationforthesubject'saction.InfinitivesasadjunctsGerundsasobjectsGerundscanbeusedasobjectsinsentencestoexpressactionsthatarebeingperformedonthesubject.GerundsaspredicatesGerundscanbeusedaspredicatesinsentencestoexpressthesubject'sactionorstate.GerundsassubjectsGerundscanbeusedassubjectsinsentencestoexpressactionsorstatesthatarebeingdescribed.TheusageofgerundsasnonfiniteverbsTheusageofparticiplesasnonfiniteverbsParticiplescanbeusedasadjectivestodescribethesubjectorobjectinasentence.ParticiplesaspredicatesParticiplescanbeusedaspredicatesinsentencestoexpressthesubject'sactionorstate.ParticiplesasadjunctsParticiplescanbeusedasadjunctsinsentencestoaddmoreinformationaboutthesubjectortoprovideareasonorexplanationforthesubject'saction.Participlesasadjectives03TheTenseandVoiceofNonfiniteVerbsPresenttenseUsedtoexpressanactionthatishappeningnoworinthepresenttime.PasttenseUsedtoexpressanactionthathappenedinthepast.FuturetenseUsedtoexpressanactionthatwillhappeninthefuture.ThetenseofnonfiniteverbsThevoiceofnonfiniteverbsActivevoiceThesubjectofthesentenceperformstheaction,andthefocusisonthesubject.PassivevoiceThesubjectofthesentenceundergoestheaction,andthefocusisontheobject.04SpecialcasesofnonfiniteverbsSummaryNonfiniteverbscanbeusedwithconjunctionstocreatecomplexsentences.Collocationwith"and""and"canbeusedwithnonfiniteverbstocreateparallelstructures,e.g.,"Hewalkedandtalkedwithhisfriend."Collocationwith"but""but"canbeusedwithnonfiniteverbstoshowcontrast,e.g.,"Hetriedtorunbutcouldn'tkeepupthepace."010203ThecollocationofnonfiniteverbsandconjunctionsSummaryNonfiniteverbscanfunctionascompletesentencesontheirown.IndependentnominativestructuresNonfiniteverbscanstandaloneascompletesentences,e.g.,"TolearnEnglish,youneedtopractice."EmphaticusageNonfiniteverbscanbeusedforemphasis,e.g.,"I'mnothappytostayhere."TheuseofnonfiniteverbsinindependentnominativestructuresSummaryNonfiniteverbscanbeusedinconjunctionwithfiniteverbstocreatecompoundsentences.Compoundsentenceswith"and"Nonfiniteverbscanbeusedwith"and"tocreatecompoundsentences,e.g.,"Hewrotealetterandsentittohisfriend."Compoundsentenceswith"but"Nonfiniteverbscanalsobeusedwith"but"tocreatecontrastincompoundsentences,e.g.,"Hewantedtogoout,buthehadtostayhomeandstudy."Theuseofnonfiniteverbsincompoundsentences05AnalysisofrealcollegeentranceexaminationquestionsSummaryThissectionprovidesacomprehensivereviewofthenon-finiteverbsthatappearintheEnglishsectionofthe2011collegeentranceexamination.DetailsThereviewcoversthedifferenttypesofnon-finiteverbs,includinginfinitives,participles,andgerunds.Itincludesexamplesofeachverbtypeandexplanationsoftheirusageandmeaning.ReviewofTrueQuestionsThissectionprovidesdetailedanswerexplanationsforthenon-finiteverbsquestionsinthe2011collegeentranceexamination.SummaryTheansweranalysisincludesathoroughbreakdownofeachquestion,anexplanationofthecorrectanswer,andananalysisofthecommonmista