铁路专业词汇VIP

1,通类

铁道，又称铁路,"railway,railroad"

铁路线,"railwayline,railroadline"

铁路网,"railwaynetwork,railroadnetwork"

铁道科学,railwayscience

铁路技术,railwaytechnology

铁路等级,railwayclassification

国有铁路,"nationalrailway,staterailway"

地方铁路,"localrailway,regionalrailway"

私有铁路,privaterailway

合资铁路,"jointinvestmentrailway,jointlyownedrailway"

准轨铁路,standard-gagerailway

窄轨铁路,narrow-gagerailway

米轨铁路,meter-gagerailway

宽轨铁路,broad-gagerailway

单线铁路,singletrackrailway

双线铁路,doubletrackrailway

多线铁路,multipletrackrailway

重载铁路,heavyhaulrailway

高速铁路,highspeedrailway

电气化铁路，又称‘电力铁道’,"electrifiedrailway,electricrailway"

干线铁路,"mainlinerailway,trunkrailway"

市郊铁路,suburbanrailway

地下铁道，简称地铁,"subway,metro,undergroundrailway"

工业企业铁路,industryrailway

矿山铁路,minerailway

轻轨铁路,"lightrailway,lightrail"

高架铁路,elevatedrailway

单轨铁路，又称‘独轨铁路’,"monorail,monorailrailway"

磁浮铁路,"magneticlevitationrailway,maglev"

森林铁路,forestrailway

山区铁路,mountainrailway

即有铁路,existingrailway

新建铁路,newly-builtrailway

改建铁路,reconstructedrailway

运营铁路,"railwayinoperation,operatingrailway"

专用铁路,specialpurposerailway

干线,"trunkline,mainline"

支线,branchline

铁路专用线,railwayspecialline

货运专线,"railwaylineforfreighttraffic,freightspecialline,freighttrfficonlyline"

客运专线,"railwaylineforpassengertraffic,passengerspecialline,passengertrafficonlyline"

客货运混合线路,railwaylineformixedpassengerandfreighttraffic

铁路运营长度，又称‘运营里程’,"operatinglengthofrailway,operatingdistance,revenuelength"

列车运行图,traindiagram

铁路建筑长度,constructionlengthofrailway

区间,section

区段,district

轨距,"railgage,railgauge"

轮重,wheelload

轴重,axleload

最大轴重,maximumallowableaxleload

限制轴重,axleloadlimited

限界,"clearance,gauge"

限界图,clearancediagram

铁路建筑限界,"railwayconstructionclearance,structureclearanceforrailway,railwaystructuregauge"

基本建筑限界,"fundamentalconstructionclearance,fundamentalstructuregauge"

桥梁建筑限界,"bridgeconstructionclearance,bridgestructuregauge"

隧道建筑限界,"tunnelconstructionclearance,tunnelstructuregauge"

铁路机车车辆限界,"rollingstockclearance(forrailway),vehiclegauge"

机车车辆上部限界,clearancelimitforupperpartofrollingstock

机车车辆下部限界,clearancelimitforlowerpartofrollingstock

装载限界,"loadingclearancelimit,loadinggauge"

阔大货物限界,"clearancelimitforfreightwithexceptionaldimension,limitforoversizecommodities"

接触网限界,"clearancelimitforoverheadcontactwire,clearancelimitforoverhedcatenarysystem,overheadcatenarysystemgauge"

列车与线路相互作用,track-traininteraction

轮轨关系,"wheel-railrelation,wheel-railinteraction"

粘着系数,adhesioncoefficient

车轮滑行,"wheelsliding,wheelskid"

车轮空转,wheelslipping

牵引种类,"kindsoftraction,categoryoftraction"

牵引方式,modeoftraction

牵引定数,"tonnagerating,tonnageoftraction"

装载系数,loadingcoefficient

速度,speed

持续速度,continuousspeed

限制速度,"limitedspeed,speedrestriction"

均衡速度,balancingspeed

构造速度,"constructionspeed,designspeed"

最高速度,maximumspeed

临界速度,criticalspeed

重载列车,heavyhaultrain

高速列车,highspeedtrain

超长超重列车,exceptionallylongandheavytrain

列车正面冲突,traincollision

列车尾追,traintailcollision

列车尾部防护,trainrearendprotection

伸缩运动,foreandaftmotion

蛇行运动,"hunting,nosing"

列车压缩,trainrunningin

列车拉伸,trainrunningout

列车分离,trainseparation

列车颠覆,trainoverturning

列车动力学,traindynamics

列车空气动力学,trainaerodynamics

机车车辆振动,vibrationofrollingstock

纵向振动,longitudinalvibration

横向振动,lateralvibration

垂向振动,verticalvibration

摆滚振动,rock-rollvibration

浮沉振动,bouncing(vibration)

侧滚振动,rolling(vibration)

侧摆振动,swaying(vibration)

点头振动,"pitching(vibration),nodding(vibration)"

摇头振动,"yawing(vibration),hunting(vibration)"

机车车辆共振,resonanceofrollingstock

机车车辆冲击,impactofrollingstock

纵向冲击,longitudinalimpact

横向冲击,lateralimpact

垂向冲击,verticalimpact

货运站综合作业自动化,automationofsytheticoperationsatfreightstation

行车指挥自动化,automationoftrafficcontrol

编组场综合作业自动化,automationofsyntheticoperationsinmarshallingyard

铁路运营信息系统,railwayoperationinformationsystem

铁路数据交换系统,railwaydataexchangesystem

运营系统模拟,simulationofoperationsystem

铁路法,RailwayLaw

铁道法规,railwayact

铁路条例,railwaycode

铁路技术管理规程,regulationsofrailwaytechnicaloperation

综合运输,"comprehensivetransport,multi-modetransport,intermodetransport"

国际铁路联运,internationalrailwaythtoughtraffic

大陆桥，又称“洲际铁路”,"transcontinentalrailway,intercontinentalrailway,landrailway"

国际联运协定,agreementofinternationalthroughtraffic

国际联运议定书,protocolofinternationaltroughtraffic

国际铁路联运公约,conventionofinternationalrailwaythroughtraffic

2,铁道工程建设

,,

2.1,铁路新线建设

铁路新线建设,newly-builtrailwayconstruction

铁路技术改造,"technicalreformofrailway,technicalrenovationofrailway,bettermentandimprovementofrailway"

铁路主要技术条件,"maintechnicalstandardofrailway,maintechnicalrequirementofrailway"

单位工程,unitproject

分部工程,partproject

分项工程,itemproject

预可行性研究,pre-feasibilitystudy

项目建议书,proposedtaskofproject

可行性研究,feasibilitystudy

设计阶段,"designphase,designstage"

三阶段设计,"three-stepdesign,three-phasedesign"

两阶段设计,"two-stepdesign,two-phasedesign"

一阶段设计,"one-stepdesign,one-phasedesign"

初步设计,preliminarydesign

技术设计,technicaldesign

扩大初步设计,"enlargedpreliminarydesign,expandedpreliminarydesign"

施工图设计,"constructiondetaildesign,working-drawingdesign"

变更设计,altereddesign

设计概算,"approximateestimateofdesign,budgetaryestimateofdesign"

个别概算,individualapproximateeatimate

综合概算,comprehensiveapproximateestimate

总概算,"sumofapproximateestimate，totalestimate,summaryestimate"

修正总概算,amendedsumofapproximateestimate，revisedgeneralestimate

调整总概算,adjustedsumofapproximateestimate

投资检算,checkingofinvestment

预算定额,"ratingofbudget,ratingformforbudget"

投资估算,investmentestimate

估算指标,indexofestimate

机械台班定额,ratingpermachineperteam，ratingpermachine-team

工程直接费,directexpenseofproject，directcostofproject

工程间接费,indirectexpenseofproject，indirectcostofproject

工程预备费,reservefundofproject

设计鉴定,"certifacationofdesign,appraisalofdesign"

竣工决算,finalaccountsofcompletedproject

铁路用地,right-of-way

铁路勘测,railwayreconnaissance

调查测绘,surveyanddrawingofinvestigation，investigationsurvey，investigationsurveyingandsketching

地形调查,topographicsurvey

地貌调查,topographicfeaturesurvey，geomorphologicsurvey

地质调查,geologicsurvey

经济调查,economicinvestigation，economicsurvey

水文地质调查,hydrogeologicsurvey

土石成分调查,surveyofsoi1androckcomposition

土石物理力学性质,physicalandmechanicalpropertiesofsoil，androck

土石分类,classificationofsoilandrock

地基承载力,bearingcapacityoffoundation，bearingcapacityofground，bearingcapacityofsubgrade

隧道围岩分级,classificationoftunnelsurroundingrock

地质图测绘,surveyanddrawingofgeologicalmap，surveyingandsketchingofgeologicalmap

勘探,explorationprospecting

挖探,excavationprospecting

钻探,"boring(prospecting),explorationdrilling"

物探,geophysicalprospecting

室内测试,indoortest，laboratorytest

原位测试,insitutest

静力触探,"staticsounding，staticprobing,conepenetrationtest"

动力触探试验,dynamicpenetrationtest

标准贯入试验,standardpenetrationtest

区域地质,regionalgeology

工程地质,engineeringgeology

不良地质,unfavorablegeology

特殊地质,specialgeology

工程地质条件,engineeringgeologicrequirement，engineeringgeologiccondition

气象资料,meteorologicaldata

冻结深度,freezingdepth

地震基本烈度,"basicintensityofearthquake,seismicbasicintensity"

工程地质图,engineeringgeologicalmap

地层柱状图,"columndiagramofstratum,graphiclogsofstrata,drilllogofstratum"

洪水调查,floodsurvey

河道调查,rivercoursesurvey

冰凌调查,"icefloesurvey,frazilicesurvey"

汇水区流域特征调查,surveyofcatchmentbasincharacteristics

水文断面,"hydrologicsectionaldrawing,hydrologicsection,hydrologiccross-section"

主河槽,mainriverchannel

设计流速,designcurrentvelocity

设计高程，又称“设计标高”,designelevation

河流比降,"slopeofriver,comparablehorizonofriver"

历史洪水位,historicfloodlevel

最高水位,"highestwaterlevel,HWL"

通航水位,"navigationwaterlevel,NWL"

桥涵水文,hydrologyofbridgeandculvert

水力半径,hydraulicradius

桥前壅水高度,"backwaterheightinfrontofbridge,topwaterlevelinfrontofbridge"

桥渡勘测设计,surveyanddesignofbridgecrossing

水面坡度,slopeofwatersurface

水文测量,hydrologicalsurvey

泥石流流域,catchmentbasinofdebrisflow

分水岭,"watershed,dividingridge"

汇水面积,"catchmentarea,watercollectingarea,drainagearea."

洪水频率,floodfrequency

设计流量,designdischarge

设计水位,designwaterlevel

施工水位,"constructionlevel,constructionwaterlevel,workingwaterlevel"

设计洪水过程线,designedfloodhydrograph

容许冲刷,allowablescour

一般冲刷,generalscour

局部冲刷,"localscour,partialscour"

2.2,铁路勘测

铁路测量,railwaysurvey

线路踏勘，又称“草测”,routereconnaissance

初测,preliminarysurvey

定测,"locationsurvey,alignment,finallocationsurvey"

导线测量,"traversing,traversesurvey"

光电导线,photoelectrictraverse

地形测量,topographicalsurvey

横断面测量,"crossleveling,cross-sectionsurvey,cross-sectionleverling"

线路测量,"routesurvey,profilesurvey,longitudinalsurvey"

既有线测量，又称“旧线测量”,surveyofexistingrailway

线路复测,"repetitionsurveyofexistingrailway,resurveyofexistingrailway"

测量精度,"surveyprecision,precisionofsurvey"

均方[误]差，又称“中误差”,meansquareerror

最大误差，又称“极限误差”,"maximumerror,limitingerror"

中线测量,centerlinesurvey

中线桩,centerlinestake

加桩,"additionalstake,plusstake"

外移桩,"shiftoutstake,stakeoutward,offsetstake"

水准点高程测量，又称“基平”,benchmarkleveling

中桩高程测量，又称“中平”,centerstakeleveling

曲线控制点,curvecontrolpoint

放线,"setting-outofroute,layoutofroute"

交点,intersectionpoint

副交点,auxiliaryintersectionpoint

转向角,deflectionangle

分转向角,auxiliarydeflectionangle

坐标方位角,plane-coordinateazimuth

象限角,quadrantalangle

经纬距,planerectangularcoordinate

断链,brokenchain

投影断链,projectionofbrokenchain

断高,brokenheight

铁路航空摄影测量，简称“铁路航测”,railwayaerialphotogrammetry

铁路航空勘测,railwayaerialsurveying

航带设计,"flightstripdesign,designofflightstrip"

铁路工程地质遥感,remotesensingofrailwayengineeringgeology

测段,segmentofsurvey

航测选线,aerialsurveyingalignment

航测外控点,fieldcontrolpointofaerophotogrammetry

全球定位系统,"globalpositioningsystem,GPS"

编辑复照图，又称“像片索引图”,indexofphotography

三角测量,"trigonometricsurvey,triangulation"

精密导线测量,"precisetraversesurvey,accuratesurvey"

三角高程测量,trigonometricleveling

隧道洞外控制测量,outsidetunnelcontrolsurvey

隧道洞内控制测量，又称“贯通测量”,"intunnelcontrolsurvey,throughsurvey"

隧道洞口投点,"horizontalpointoftunnelportal,geodeticcontrolpointofportallocationofadit"

桥轴线测量,suryeyofbridgeaxis

2.3,铁路选线

铁路选线,"railwaylocation,approximaterailwaylocation,locationofrailwayrouteselection"

平原地区选线,"locationinplainregion,plainlocation"

越岭选线,"locationofmountainline,locationoflineinmountainregion,locationovermountain"

山区河谷选线,"mountainandvalleyregionlocation,locationoflineinmountainandvalleyregion"

丘陵地段选线,"hillylandlocation,locationoflineonhillyland"

工程地质选线,engineeringgeologiclocationofline

线间距[离],"distancebetweencentersoftracks,midwaybetweentracks"

车站分布,distributionofstations

方案比选,"schemecomparison,routealternative"

投资回收期,repaymentperiodofcapitalcost

纸上定线,paperlocationofline

缓坡地段,"sectionofeasygrade,sectionofgentleslope"

紧坡地段,sectionofsufficientgrade

非紧坡地段,"sectionofunsufficientgrade,sectionofinficientgrade"

导向线,"leadingline,alignmentguidingline"

拔起高度，又称“克服高度”,"heightoflifting,liftingheight,ascentofelevation"

横断面选线,"cross-sectionmethodofrailwaylocation,locationwithcross-sectionmethod,cross-sectionmethodforlocationofline"

展线,"extensionofline,developmentofline,linedevelopment"

展线系数,"coefficientofextensionline,coefficientofdevelopedline"

套线,overlappingline

线路平面图,"trackplan,lineplan"

线路纵断面图,"trackprofile,lineprofile"

站坪长度,lengthofstationsite

站坪坡度,gradeofstationsite

控制区间,"controlsection,controllingsection"

最小曲线半径,minimumradiusofcurve

圆曲线,circularcurve

单曲线,simplecurve

缓和曲线,"transitioncurve,easementcurve,spiraltransitioncurve"

缓和曲线半径变更率,"rateofeasementcurvature,rateoftransitioncurve"

复曲线,compoundcurve

同向曲线,curvesofsamesense，adjacentcurvesinonedirection

反向曲线,"reversecurve,curveofoppositesense"

夹直线,"intermediatestraightline,tangentbetweencurves"

坡度,"grade,gradient,slope"

人字坡,doublespurgrade

限制坡度,"rulinggrade,limitinggrade"

加力牵引坡度,"pushergrade,assistinggrade"

最大坡度,maximumgrade

临界坡度,criticalgrade

长大坡道,"longsteepgrade,longheavygrade"

动力坡度,momentumgrade

均衡坡度,balancedgrade

有害地段,harmfuldistrict

无害地段,harmlessdistrict

变坡点,"pointofgradientchange,breakingrade"

坡段,gradesection

坡段长度,lengthofgradesection

坡度[代数]差,algebraicdifferencebetweenadjacentgradients

竖曲线,verticalcurve

分坡平段,levelstretchbetweenoppositesigngradient

缓和坡度,"slightgrade,flatgrade,easygrade"

起动缓坡,flatgradientforstarting

加速缓坡,"easygradientforacceleration,acceleratinggrade"

坡度折减,"compensationofgradient,gradientcompensation,gradecompensation"

曲线折减,"compensationofcurve,curvecompensation"

隧道坡度折减,"compensationofgradientintunnel,compensationgradeintunnel"

绕行地段,"detouringsection,roundsection"

换侧，又称“换边”,changesideofdoubleline

容许应力设计法,allowablestressdesignmethod

破损阶段设计法,plasticstagedesignmethod

极限状态设计法,limitstatedesignmethod

概率极限状态设计法，又称“可靠度设计法”,probabilisticlimitstatedesignmethod

地震系数法,seismiccoefficientmethod

2.4,路基工程

路基,"subgrade,roadbed,formationsubgrade"

岩石路基,rocksubgrade

渗水土路基,"permeablesoilsubgrade,perviousembankment"

非渗水土路基,"non-permeablesoilsubgrade,imperviousembankment"

特殊土路基,subgradeofspecialsoil

软土地基路基,"subgradeinsoftsoilzone,subgradeinsoft,clayregion"

泥沼地区路基,"subgradeinbog[soil]zone,subgradeinmorassregion,subgradeinswampland"

膨胀土地区路基,"subgradeinswellingsoilzone,subgradeinexpansivesoilregion"

盐渍土地区路基,"subgradeinsaltysoilzone,subgradeinsalinesoilregion"

多年冻土路基,subgradeinpermafrostsoilzone

特殊条件下的路基,subgradeunderspecialcondition

河滩路基,embankmentonplainriverbeach

滨河路基,embankmentonriverbank

水库路基,"subgradeinreservoir,embankmentcrossingreservoir"

崩塌地段路基,"subgradeinrockfalldistrict,subgradeincollapsezone"

盐堆地段路基,"subgradeinrockdepositzone,subgradeintaluszone,subgradeinscreezone"

滑坡地段路基,subgradeinslide

岩溶地段路基，又称“客斯特地段路基”,subgradeinkarstzone

洞穴地段路基,"subgradeincavityzone,subgradeincavernzone"

风沙地段路基,"subgradeinwindyandsandyzone,subgradeindesert"

雪害地段路基,"subgradeinsnowdamagezone,subgradeinsnowdisasterzone"

泥石流地段路基,subgradeindebrisflowzone

路基横断面,subgradecross-section

路基面,"subgradesurface,formation"

路基面宽度,"widthofthesubgradesurface,formationwidth"

路拱,"roadcrown,(subgrade)crown"

路肩,"(road)shoulder,subgradeshoulder"

路肩高程,"formationlevel,shoulderlevel"

路堤,"embankment,fill"

路堑,"cut,roadcutting"

半堤半堑,"part-cutandpart-fillsection,cutandfillsection"

基床,"subgradebed,formation"

基床表层,"surfacelayerofsubgradebed,formationtoplayer,surfacelayerofsubgrade"

基床底层,"bottomlayerofsubgrade,formationbaselayer,bottomlayerofsubgradebed"

一般路基,"generalsubgrade,ordinarysubgrade"

最小填筑高度,"minimumfillheightofsubgrade,minimumheightoffill"

临界高度,criticalheight

基底,"foundationbase,base"

路堤边坡,"sideslopeofembankment,fillslope"

坡脚,toeofsideslope

护道,berm

取土坑,borrowpit

路堤填料,"embankmentfillmaterial,embankmentfiller,fillingmaterialofembankment"

填料分类,classificationoffillingmaterial

岩块填料,"rockblockfiller,rockfiller,rockfill"

粗粒土填料,"coarse-grainedsoilfiller,coarse-grainedsoilfill"

细粒土填料,"fine-grainedsoilfiller,fine-grainedsoilfill"

压实标准,compactingcriteria

相对密度,relativedensity

压实系数,"compactingfactor,compactingcoefficient"

最佳含水量,"opttmummoisturecontent,bestmoisturecontent"

最佳密度,"optimumdensity,best"

核子密度湿度测定,determinationofnucleardensity-moisture

路基承载板测定,"determinationofbearingslabofsubgrade,bearingslabmethodforsubgradetesting,bearingplatetestonsubgrade"

预留沉落量,"reservesettlement,settlementallowance"

反压护道,"bermwithsuperloading,bermforbackpressure,counterswellingberm"

石灰砂桩,limesandpile

换土,"changesoil,soilreplacement"

爆破排淤,"blastingdischargingsedimentation,siltarrestingbyexplosion,dischargeofsedimentationbyblasting"

抛石排淤,"throwingstonestopackingsedimentation,packingupsedimentationbydumpingstones"

路堑石方爆破,"rockcuttingblasting,rockblastingincut"

定向爆破,directionalblasting

浅孔爆破,shallowholeblasting

深孔爆破,deepholeblasting

洞室药包爆破,"chamberexplosivepackageblasting,chamherblasting"

扬弃爆破,"abandonedblasting,abandonmentblasting"

抛掷爆破,pin-pointblasting

松动爆破,blastingforlooseningrock

药壶爆破,potholeblasting

裸露药包爆破,"adobeblasting,contactblasting"

路堑边坡,"cuttingslope,sideslopeofcut"

堑顶,"topofcuttingslope,topofcutting"

路堑平台,"platformofcutting,bermincutting"

弃土堆,"wastebank,bankette,spoilbank"

挡土墙,retainingwall

重力式挡土墙,gravityretainingwall

衡重式挡土墙,"balanceweightretainingwall,gravityretainingwallwithrelievingplatform,balancedtyperetainingwall"

锚定板挡土墙,"anchoredretainingwallbytierods,anchoredbulkheadretainingwall,anchoredplateretainingwall"

加筋土挡土墙,"reinforcedearthretainingwall,reinforcedsoilretainingwall"

锚杆挡墙,"anchoredboltretainingwall,anchoredretainingwallbytierods"

管柱挡墙,cylindricalshaftretainingwall

沉井挡墙,caissonretainingwall

抗滑桩,"anti-slidepile,counter-slidingpile"

护墙,guardwall

护坡,"slopeprotection,revetment,pitching"

排水沟,"weepdrain,drainageditch,drainditch"

边沟，又称“侧沟”,sideditch

天沟,"gutter,overheadditch,interceptingditch"

吊沟,suspendedditch

跌水,hydraulicdrop

截水沟,"interceptingditch,catch-drain"

急流槽,chute

排水槽,drainagechannel

渗水暗沟,blinddrain

渗水隧洞,"leaktunnel,permeabletennel,drainagetunnel"

渗井,"leachingwell,seepagewell"

渗管,leakypipe

平孔排水,horizontalholedrainage

反滤层,"reversefiltrationlayer,invertedfilter,protectivefilter"

检查井,"inspectionwell,manhole"

沙井，又称“排水砂井”,sanddrain

隔断层,"insulatingcourse,insulatinglayer"

透水路堤,"perviousembankment,permeableembankment"

渗水路堤,immerseableembankment

排水沙垫层,"sandfilleddrainagelayer,drainagesandblanket"

坡面防护,slopeprotection

护岸,"revetment,shoreprotection"

导流堤,diversiondike

拦石墙,"stonecutoffwall,stonefallingwall,buttresswallforinterceptingfallingrocks"

落石槽,"stonefallingchannel,troughforcatchingfallingrocks"

柴排,"firewoodraft,mattress,willowfascine"

固沙造林,stabilizationforsandsbyafforestation

挡风墙,wind-breakwall

防风栅栏,windbreakfence

砂土液化,sandliquefaction

中-活载,"CR-liveloading,Chinarailwaystandardliveloading"

桥梁标准活载,standardliveloadforbridge

桥梁荷载谱,bridgeloadspectrum

换算均布活载,equivalentuniformliveload

设计荷载,designload

恒载,deadload

土压力,earthpressure

静水压力,hydrostaticpressure

浮力,buoyancy

列车活载,llveloadoftrain

列车离心力,centrifugalforceoftrain

列车冲击力，又称“冲击荷载”,impactforceoftrain

冲击系数,coefficientofimpact

人行道荷载,sidewalkloading

附加力,"subsidiaryload,secondaryload"

列车制动力,brakingforceoftrain

列车牵引力,tractiveforceoftrain

风（荷）载,windload

列车横向摇摆力,lateralswayingforceoftrain

流水压力,pressureofwaterflow

冰压力,icepressure

冻胀力,frostheavingforce

特殊荷载,particularload

船只或排筏的撞击力,collisionforceofshiporraft

地震力,seismicforce

地震烈度,earthquakeintensity

地震震级,earthquakemagnitude

施工荷载,constructionalloading

荷载组合,loadingcombination

2.5,桥涵工程

铁路桥,railwaybridge

公铁两用桥,"combinedbridge,combinedhighwayandrailwaybridge,combinedrail-cum-roadbridge"

跨线桥，又称“立交桥”,"overpassbridge,gradeseparationbridge,flyover"

高架桥,viaduct

旱桥,drybridge

人行桥,"footbridge,pedestrianbridge"

坞工桥,masonrybridge

钢桥,steelbridge

铆接钢桥,rivetedsteelbridg~

栓接钢桥,boltedandweldedsteelbridge

全焊钢桥,allweldedsteelbridge

摩擦结合式高强度螺栓,highstrengthfrictiongripbolt

扭剪式高强度螺栓,torsheartypehighstrengthbolt

螺栓示工扳手,boltwrenchwithindicator

混凝土桥,concretebridge

钢筋混凝土桥,reinforcedconcretebridge

预应力混凝土桥,prestressedconcretebridge

先张法预应力梁,pretensionedprestressedconcretegirder

后张法预应力梁,post-tensionedprestressedconcretegirder

部分预应力混凝土桥,partiallyprestressedconcretebridge

结合梁桥,compositebeambridge

低高度梁,shallowgirder

无碴无枕梁,girderwithoutballastandsleeper

型钢混凝土梁，又称“劲性骨架混凝土梁”,"girderwithrolledsteelsectionencasedinconcrete,skeletonreinforcedconcretegirder"

简支梁桥,simplysupportedbeambridge

连续梁桥,continuousbeambridge

悬臂梁桥,cantileverbeambridge

板桥,slabbridge

空心板桥,hollowslabbridge

板梁,plategirder

工形梁,I-beam

箱形梁,boxgirder

槽形梁,troughgirder

桁架,truss

拆装式桁架,demountabletruss

钢架桥，又称“刚构桥”,rigidframebridge

斜腿刚架桥，又称“斜腿刚构桥”,"struttedbeambridge,slant-leggedrigidframebridge"

悬板桥，又称“悬带桥”,stressedribbonbridge

悬索桥，又称“吊桥”,suspensionbridge

斜拉桥，又称“斜张桥”,cable-stayedbridge

浮桥,"pontoonbridge,floatingbridge,bateaubridge"

拱桥,archbridge

固端拱，又称“无铰拱”,fixed-endarch

双铰拱,two-hingedarch

三铰拱,three-hingedarch

实腹拱,"spandrel-filledarch,solid-spandrelarch"

空腹拱,open-spandrelarch

双曲拱,"two-waycurvedarch,cross-curvedarch"

系杆拱，又称“刚性系杆柔性拱桥”,tiedarch

朗格尔式桥，又称“刚性系杆柔性拱桥”,"Langerbridge,flexiblearchbridgewithrigidtie"

"洛泽式桥,又称“直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥”","Lohsebridge,rigidarchbridgewithrigidtieandverticalsuspenders"

尼尔森体系桥,Nielsensystembridge

"尼尔森式洛泽梁桥,又称“直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥”","NielsentypeLohsebridge,rigidarchbridgewithrigidtieandinclinedsuspenders"

活动桥,movablebridge

竖旋桥,basculebridge

平旋桥,swingbridge

升降桥,liftbridge

正交桥,rightbridge

斜交桥,skewbridge

曲线桥,curvedbridge

曲梁,curvedbeam

特大桥,supermajorbridge

大桥,majorbridge

中桥,mediumbridge

小桥,minorbridge

单线桥,singletrackbridge

双线桥,doubletrackbridge

多线桥,muti-trackbridge

正桥，又称“主桥”,mainbridge

引桥,approachbridge

上承式桥,deckbridge

半穿式桥，又称“中承式桥”,"halfthroughbridge,midheightdeckbridge"

下承式桥,throughbridge

双层桥,double-deckbridge

永久性桥,permanentbridge

临时性桥，又称“便桥”,temporarybridge

跨径，又称“跨度”,span

净跨,clearspan

桥梁全长,overalllengthofbridge

桥下净空,underneathclearance

主梁中心距,centertocenterdistancebetweenmaingirder

节间长度,panellength

梁高,depthofgirder

拱度,camber

挠度,deflection

节间,panel

锚跨，又称“锚孔”,anchorspan

悬跨，又称“吊孔”,suspendedspan

桥梁上部结构,superstructure

腹板,webplate

翼缘,flange

翼缘板,flangeplate

弦杆,chordmember

腹杆,webmember

斜杆,diagonalmember

竖杆,verticalmember

吊杆,"suspender,hanger"

加劲杆,stiffener

节点,panelpoint

节点板,gussetplate

拼接板,spliceplate

缀条,lacingbar

缀板,"stayplate,tieplate"

侧向水平联结系,lateralbracing

横联,swaybracing

制动撑架,brakingbracing

桥门架,portalframe

纵梁,stringer

横梁,"floorbeam,transversebeam"

桥面系,floorsystem

端横梁,endfloorbeam

起重横梁,jackingfloorbeam

梁端缓冲梁,auxiliarygirderforcontrollinganglechange

应变时效,strainageing

碳当量,carbonequivalent

钢丝,steelwire

钢丝束,bundledsteelwires

钢绞线,steelstrand

钢筋,"reinforcement,steelbar"

箍筋,stirrup

纵向钢筋,longitudinalreinforcement

弯起钢筋,bent-upbar

架立钢筋,erectionbar

构造钢筋,constructionalreinforcement

预应力筋,tendon

套管,sheath

梁腋,haunch

[桥涵]拱圈,archring

拱肋,archrib

拱顶,archcrown

拱矢,riseofarch

起拱点,springing

拱腹,soffit

拱腹线,intrados

拱背线,extrados

桥塔,"bridgetower,pylon"

索平面,cableplane

缆索,cable

斜缆,"staycable,inclinedcable"

吊缆,suspensioncable

索鞍,cablesaddle

索夹,"cableband,cableclamp"

锚座,socket

锚碇,anchorage

明桥面,"opendeck,ballastlessdeck,openfloor"

桥梁道碴槽,ballasttrough

道碴桥面,"ballastdeck,ballastfloor"

桥梁护轨,guardrailofbridge

桥梁护木,guardtimberofbridge

桥枕,"bridgetie,bridgesleeper"

桥上人行道,sidewalkonbridge

步行板,footplank

避车台,refugeplatform

伸缩缝,expansionjoint

正交异性板,orthotropicplate

栏杆,"railing,handrail,handrailing"

泄水孔,drainageopening

直结轨道,trackfasteneddirectlytosteelgirders

抗剪连接件，又称“抗剪结合件”,shearconnector

支座,bearing

固定支座,fixedbearing

活动支座,"expansionbearing,movablebearing"

平板支座,platebearing

摇轴支座,rockerbearing

滚轴支座,rollerbeating

球面支座,Sphericalbearing

板式橡胶支座,laminatedrubberbearing

盆式橡胶支座,potrubberbearing

聚四氟乙烯支座,"poly-tetrafluoroethylenebearing,PTFEbearing"

涡流激振,vortex-excitedoscillation

驰振,galloping

颤振,flutter

扰流板,spoiler

风嘴,windfairing

桥梁自振周期,naturalvibrationperiodofbridge

浮运架桥法,bridgeerectionbyfloating

架桥机架设法,erectionbybridgegirdererectingequipment

顶推式架设法,erectionbyincrementallaunching

拖拉架设法,launchingmethod

膺架式架设法,erectionwithscaffolding

悬臂架设法,"cantilevererection,erectionbyprotrusion"

悬臂灌注法,"cast-in-placecantileverconstruction,freecantileversegmentalconcretingwithsuspendedformwork"

悬臂拼装法,"cantileveredassemblingconstruction,freecantilevererectionwithsegmentsofprecastconcrete"

预制混凝土构件,"precastconcreteunits,precastconcretemembers"

活动模架逐跨施工法,segmentalspan-by-spanconstructionusingformtraveller

桥梁合龙,closure

就地灌筑法,"cast-in-placemethod,cast-in-situmethod"

活动吊篮,travellingcradle

顶进法,jack-inmethod

旋转法施工，又称“转体施工”,erectionbyswingmethod

液压式张拉千斤顶,hydraulictensioningjack

桥梁下部结构,substructure

桥台,abutment

重力式桥台,gravityabutment

埋置式桥台,buriedabutment

锚定板式桥台,anchorslababutment

U形桥台,U-shapedabutment

耳墙式桥台,abutmentwithcantileveredretainingwall

台身,abutmentbody

前墙,frontwall

台帽,abutmentcoping

翼墙,wingwall

锥体护坡,"quadrantrevetment,truncatedconebanking"

台后填方,fillingbehindabutment

桥墩,pier

空心桥墩,hollowpier

实体桥墩,solidpier

重力式桥墩,gravitypier

柔性[桥]墩,flexiblepier

拼装式桥墩,"assemblypier,pierconstructedwithprecastunits"

制动墩,brakingpier

柱式桥墩,columnpier

V型桥墩,V-shapedpier

圆端形桥墩,round-endedpier

圆形桥墩,circularpier

矩形桥墩,rectangularpier

排架式桥墩,pilebentpier

墩身,"pierbody,piershaft"

墩帽,piercoping

围栏,railingaroundcopingofpierorabutment

承台,bearingplatform

破冰体,"iceapron,ice-breakingcutwater,iceguard"

地基,"foundation,foundationsoil,subgrade"

加固地基,"improvedfoundation,improvedground"

天然地基,"naturalfoundation,naturalground"

桥梁基础,bridgefoundation

扩大基础,spreadfoundation

明挖基础,"open-cutfoundation,openexcavationfoundation"

沉井基础,opencaissonfoundation

浮式沉井基础,floatingcaissonfoundation

沉井刃脚,cuttingedgeofopencaisson

围堰,cofferdam

双壁钢围堰钻孔基础,doublewallsteelcofferdamboredfoundation

预制钢壳钻孔基础,prefabricatedsteelshellboredfoundation

泥浆套沉井法,slurryjacketmethodforsinkingcaisson

空气幕沉井法,aircurtainmethodforsinkingcaisson

沉箱基础,pneumaticcaissonfoundation

管柱基础,tubularcolumnfoundation

柱基础,pilefoundation

预制桩,precastpile

就地灌注桩,"cast-in-placeconcretepile,cast-in-skuconcretepile"

螺旋喷射桩,augerinjectedpile

摩擦桩,frictionpile

支承桩,bearingpile

钻孔桩,boredpile

挖孔桩,dugpile

钢桩,steelpile

钢管桩,steelpipepile

钢板桩,steelsheetpile

板桩,sheetpile

木桩,timberpile

钢筋混凝土桩,reinforcedconcretepile

砂桩,sandpile

挤密砂桩,sandcompactionpile

流砂,"quicksand,driftsand"

送桩,pilefollower

试桩,testpile

斜桩,"batterpile,rakingpile,spurpile"

护筒,pilecasing

重锤夯实法,heavytampingmethod

灰土换填夯实法,methodoflime-soilreplacementandtamping

灌筑水下混凝土,"underwaterconcreting,concretingwithtremiemethod"

导流建筑物,regulatingstructure

丁坝，又称“挑水坝”,spurdike

顺坝,longitudinaldam

河床铺砌,riverbedpaving

码头,wharf

排架,bent

脚手架,scaffold

悬空脚手架,"hangingstage,hangingscaffold"

铁路涵洞,railwayculvert

涵洞孔径,apertureofculvert

管涵,pipeculvert

箱涵,boxculvert

拱涵,archculvert

盖板涵,slabculvert

无压力涵洞,inletunsubmergedculvert

压力式涵洞,outletsubmergedculvert

半压力式涵洞,inletsubmergedculvert

明渠,"openchannel,openditch,opendrain"

倒虹吸管,invertedsiphon

潮汐河流,tidalriver

淤积,"silting,siltation"

流冰,icedrift

铁路轮渡,railwaycarferries

轮渡站,ferrystation

轮渡栈桥,ferrytrestlebridge

渡轮,ferryboat

轮渡引线，又称“轮渡斜引道”,ferryslip

2.6,隧道工程

铁路隧道,railwaytunnel

山岭隧道,mountaintunnel

越岭隧道,overmountainlinetunn