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(25)agorgingandgormandizingForsuchreasons,Iwasvery(25)agorgingandgormandizingForsuchreasons,Iwasverygladwheno’clockcameandwestartedforMissthoughIwasnotatallatmyeaseregardingmannerinwhichIshouldacquitmyselfunder(30)lady’sroof.WithinaquarterofanhourwecameMissHavisham’shouse,whichwasofoldbrick,dismal,andhadagreatmanyironbarstoit.ofthewindowshadbeenwalledup;ofthoseremained,allthelowerwererustilybarred.(35)wasacourtyardinfront,andthatwasbarred;wehadtowait,afterringingthebell,untiloneshouldcometoopenit.Whilewewaitedatgate,Ipeepedin(eventhenMr.Pumblechook“Andfourteen?”butIpretendednottohear(40)andsawthatatthesideofthehousetherewaslargebrewery.Nobrewingwasgoingoninit,noneseemedtohavegoneonforalonglongAwindowwasraised,andaclearvoice“Whatname?”Towhichmyconductor(45)“Pumblechook.”Thevoicereturned,“Quiteandthewindowwasshutagain,andayoungcameacrossthecourt-yard,withkeysinher“This,”cameacrossthecourt-yard,withkeysinher“This,”saidMr.Pumblechook,“is“ThisisPip,isit?”returnedtheyounglady,(50)wasveryprettyandseemedveryproud;“comein,Mr.Pumblechookwascominginalso,whenstoppedhimwiththe“Oh!”shesaid.“Didyouwishtosee“IfMissHavishamwishedtoseeme,”Mr.Pumblechook,“Ah!”saidthegirl;“butyouseesheShesaiditsofinally,andinsuchanibleway,thatMr.Pumblechook,thoughin(60)conditionofruffleddignity,couldnotprotest.heeyedmeseverely,—asifIhaddoneanythinghim!—anddepartedwiththewordsdelivered:“Boy!Letyourbehaviorherebeauntothemwhichbroughtyouupbyhand!”2I(65)notfreefromapprehensionthathewouldbacktopropoundthroughthegate,“AndButhe1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,Pip’sbreakfastwithPumblechook(A)eatenonthe(B)smallandofpoorPumblechook(A)eatenonthe(B)smallandofpoor(C)betterthanPipusually(D)carefullycookedand2.Asusedinline5,“wretched”mostnearly(A)(B)(C)(D)3.Basedonthedetailsinthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat(A)haslookedforwardtohismorningwith(B)isasuncomfortableasPipisduring(C)hasknownPipandhissisterforaverylong(D)isindifferenttoPip’sdiscomfortduring4.Whichchoiceprovidesthebestsupportfortheanswertoprevious(A)Lines1-4(“Mr.PumblechookandI…(B)Lines6-13(“Besides…(C)Lines44-45(“Towhichmy…(D)Lines58-60(“Shesaid…not5.WhatthemedoesthepassagecommunicatethroughtheexperiencesPip,5.WhatthemedoesthepassagecommunicatethroughtheexperiencesPip,the(A)Theworldcanbeapuzzlingandsometimescruel(B)Youngpeoplearemisunderstoodbytheir(C)Mean-spiritedpeopledeservetobetreated(D)Thefavorsonereceivesinlifeshouldbe6.Whichwordbestdescribestheyounglady’sdemeanorwhenapproachesPipandMr.(A)(B)(C)Self-(D)7.ThepassagestronglysuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingiswhenMr.PumblechookleavesPipatMissHavisham’s(A)PipisexcitedtofinallymeetMiss(B)Pipisnervousaboutbeingawayfromhissisterforso(C)PipisrelievedtobeawayfromMr.(D)Pipisanxiousaboutspendingtimewiththeyoungladygreets8.Whichchoiceprovidesthebestsupportfortheanswertoprevious(A)Lines26-30(“Forsuchreasons…(B)Lines43-44(“A…(C)Lines58-60(B)Lines43-44(“A…(C)Lines58-60(“Shesaid…(D)Lines64-67(“Iwasnot…he9.Asusedinline60,“condition”mostnearly(A)(B)(C)(D)10.Theauthor’suseoftheparentheticalcommentinline24helps(A)Pipisusuallymorepoliteinhisreferencesto(B)Mr.Pumblechookappreciatesgourmet(C)Pipisveryangeredthathisownbreakfastisso(D)Mr.Pumblechookhasnoqualmsaboutovereatingin“LetterfromBirminghamThispassageisadaptedfromMartinLutherKing,Jr.’s“LetterBirmingham…IthinkIshouldgivethereasonformyinBirmingham,sinceyouhavebeenQuestions11-20arebasedonthefollowingbytheargumentof“outsiderscomingin.”Ithehonorbytheargumentof“outsiderscomingin.”Ithehonorofservingaspresidentofthe(5)ChristianLeadershipConference,anoperatingineverySouthernstatewithtersinAtlanta,Georgia.Wehavesomeeighty-affiliateorganizationsallacrosstheSouth,oneingtheAlabamaChristianMovementfor(10)Rights.Whenevernecessaryandpossiblewestaff,educational,andfinancialresourceswithaffiliates.SeveralmonthsagoourlocalhereinBirminghaminvitedustobeoncalltogageinanonviolentdirectactionprogramif(15)weredeemednecessary.WereadilyconsentedwhenthehourcameweliveduptoourSoIamhere,alongwithseveralmembersofstaff,becausewewereinvitedhere.IamherecauseIhavebasicorganizationaltieshere.(20)this,IaminBirminghambecauseinjusticeMoreover,Iamcognizantoftheofallcommunitiesandstates.IcannotsitidlybyAtlantaandnotbeconcernedaboutwhat(25)inBirmingham.Injusticeanywhereisathreatjusticeevery(25)inBirmingham.Injusticeanywhereisathreatjusticeeverywhere.Wearecaughtinannetworkofmutuality,tiedinasinglegarmentdestiny.Whateveraffectsonedirectlyaffectsindirectly.Neveragaincanweaffordtolivewith(30)narrow,provincial“outsideagitator”idea.AnywholivesinsidetheUnitedStatescanneverconsideredanoutsideranywhereinthiscountryYoumaywellask,“Whydirectaction?Whysit-marches,etc.?Isn’tnegotiationabetterpath?”(35)areexactlyrightinyourcallforIndeed,thisisthepurposeofdirectNonviolentdirectactionseekstocreatesuchcrisisandestablishsuchcreativetensionacommunitythathasconstantlyrefused(40)negotiateisforcedtoconfronttheissue.Itsotodramatizetheissuethatitcannolongerignored.Ijustreferredtothecreationoftensionapartoftheworkofthenonviolentresister.maysoundrathershocking.ButImustconfess(45)Iamnotafraidofthewordtension.Ihaveworkedandpreachedagainstviolenttension,thereisatypeofconstructivenonviolentthatisnecessarythereisatypeofconstructivenonviolentthatisnecessaryforgrowth.JustasSocratesthatitwasnecessarytocreateatensioninthe(50)sothatindividualscouldrisefromthebondagemythsandhalf-truthstotheunfetteredrealmcreativeanalysisandobjectiveappraisal,weseetheneedofhavingnonviolentgadfliestothekindoftensioninsocietythatwillhelp(55)risefromthedarkdepthsofprejudiceandismtothemajesticheightsofunderstandingbrotherhood.Sothepurposeofthedirectistocreateasituationsocrisis-packedthatitinevitablyopenthedoortonegotiation.We,(60)fore,concurwithyouinyourcallforToolonghasourbelovedSouthlandbeendowninthetragicattempttoliveinratherthanMyfriends,Imustsaytoyouthatwe(65)notmadeasinglegainincivilrightsdeterminedlegalandnonviolentpressure.isthelongandtragicstoryofthefactthatgroupsseldomgiveuptheirprivilegesvoluntarilyIndividualsmayseethemorallightand(70)giveuptheirIndividualsmayseethemorallightand(70)giveuptheirunjustposture;butasNiebuhrhasremindedus,groupsareimmoralthanWeknowthroughpainfulexperiencefreedomisnevervoluntarilygivenbythe(75)itmustbedemandedbytheForyearsnowIhaveheardtheword“Wait!”ringsintheearofeveryAfricanAmericanapiercingfamiliarity.This“wait”hasalwaysmeant“never.”Ithasbeena(80)thalidomide,relievingtheemotionalstressformoment,onlytogivebirthtoanill-formedoffrustration.Wemustcometoseewithdistinguishedjuristofyesterdaythat“justicelongdelayedisjusticedenied.”Wehavewaited(85)morethanthreehundredandfortyyearsforconstitutionalandGod-givenrights.TheofAsiaandAfricaaremovingwithjet-liketowardthegoalofpoliticalindependence,westillcreepathorseandbuggypacetoward(90)gainingofacupofcoffeeatalunch11.WhichchoicecorrectlystatesKing’spurposeforwritingthis11.WhichchoicecorrectlystatesKing’spurposeforwritingthis(A)Toexplainwhyhecameto(B)Tolaunchanonviolentprotestmovementin(C)ToopenanaffiliateoftheSouthernChristianConferencein(D)Tosupportfellowcivilrightsactivistsin12.Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertoprevious(A)Lines1-2(“Ithink…in(B)Lines3-7(“Ihave…Atlanta,(C)Lines7-10(“Wehavesome…(D)Lines25-26(“Injusticeanywhere…13.Thepassagemoststronglysuggeststhatwhichofthestatementsis(A)Kingwaswarmlywelcomedwhenhearrivedin(B)Kingreceivedcriticismforhisdecisiontocometo(C)Kingdidnotwanttocauseadisruptionbycomingto(D)Kingwasabandonedbyhissupporterswhenhearrived14.Asusedinlines22-23,“interrelatednessofallcommunitiesstates”mostnearlymeans(A)Kinghaspersonalconnectionstopeopleinthe(B)theSouthernChristianLeadershipConferenceneeds(C)eventsinonepartof(B)theSouthernChristianLeadershipConferenceneeds(C)eventsinonepartofthecountryaffecteveryoneinthe(D)localcivilrightsgroupsoperateindependentlyofone15.Basedonparagraph3,itcanbereasonablyinferredbelievedcircumstancesinBirminghamatthe(A)wereunfairand(B)constitutedanisolated(C)justifiedhis(D)requiredfederal16.Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertoprevious(A)Lines22-23Moreover,…(B)Lines25-26Injusticeanywhere…Wearecaught…(C)Lines26-28(D)Lines29-30Neveragain…17.Asusedinline“dramatize”mostnearly(A)casteventsinanappealing(B)drawattentiontosignificant(C)exaggerateeventstoseemmore(D)turneventsintoapopular18.WhichchoicemostclearlyparaphrasesaclaimmadebyKingparagraph(A)AfailuretonegotiateintheSouthhasprovokedparagraph(A)AfailuretonegotiateintheSouthhasprovokeddirectactioncivilrights(B)Afocusondialogueblindsreformerstothenecessityforactiontopromote(C)Directactionisnecessarytomotivatepeopletotalkprejudiceand(D)Nonviolentprotestencouragesasenseofbrotherhoodunderstandingamong19.Paragraph5bestsupportstheclaimsmadeinthepreceding(A)arguingthatnonviolentpressureismostlikelytospurjustby(B)clarifyingthatthroughouthistory,privilegedclasseshavereluctanttoletgoof(C)drawingadistinctionbetweenthemoralityofindividualsand(D)pointingoutthatfewgainsincivilrightshavebeenmadenonviolent20.Kingrefersto“thegainingofacupofcoffeeatalunch(lines89-90)primarily(A)callattentiontothesedativeeffectofdelayingcivilrightsintheUnited(B)emphasizethatwhiteAmericanswillnotintheUnited(B)emphasizethatwhiteAmericanswillnotwillinglyendagainstblack(C)describetheprogressmadetowardthewinningofequalrightsother(D)underscorethecontrastbetweenprogressmadeinotherandtheUnitedPairedPassages—BrettonTheideaofaWorldBankbecamearealityin1944,whendelegatestheBrettonWoodsConferencepledgedto“outlawpracticeswhichagreedtobeharmfultoworldPassageIn1944,730delegatesfromforty-fournationsmetinBrettonWoods,NewHampshire,asWorldWarIIwasending.Theywereanimportantconference.Thismostly(5)eventshapedourmodernworldbecauseattheBrettonWoodsConferenceagreedonQuestions21-31arebasedonthefollowingpassagessupplementaryestablishmentofaninternationalbankingToensurethatallnationswouldestablishmentofaninternationalbankingToensurethatallnationswouldprosper,UnitedStatesandotheralliednationsset(10)forapostwarinternationaleconomy.TheWoodssystemcreatedtheInternationalFund(IMF).TheIMFwasfoundedasakindglobalcentralbankfromwhichmembercouldborrowmoney.Thecountriesneeded(15)topayfortheirwarcosts.Today,theIMFinternationaltradebyensuringthestabilityofinternationalmonetaryandfinancialTheBrettonWoodssystemalsoestablishedWorldBank.AlthoughtheWorldBank(20)similaritieswiththeIMF,thetwoinstitutionsdistinct.WhiletheIMFmaintainsanorderlyofpaymentsandreceiptsbetweennations,theBankismainlyadevelopmentinstitution.TheBankinitiallygaveloanstoEuropean(25)devastatedbyWorldWarII,andtodayitlendsandtechnicalassistancespecificallytoprojectsindevelopingcountries.FortheWorldBankmightprovidealow-interesttoacountryattemptingtoimproveeducation(30)health.Thegoaltoacountryattemptingtoimproveeducation(30)health.ThegoaloftheWorldBankisto“bridgeeconomicdividebetweenpoorandrichInshort,theorganizationsdifferintheirTheBankpromoteseconomicandsocialprogresspeoplecanlivebetterlives,whiletheIMF(35)theentireworldinitsgoaltofosterglobalcooperationandfinancialstabilityThesetwospecificaccomplishmentsofBrettonWoodsConferenceweremajor.theBrettonWoodssystemparticularly(40)theUnitedStates.ItestablishedtheU.S.dollartheglobalcurrency.Aglobalcurrencyisonecountriesworldwideacceptforalltrade,ortionaltransactionsofbuyingandselling.onlytheU.S.couldprintdollars,theUnited(45)becametheprimarypowerbehindboththeandtheWorldBank.Today,globalincludetheU.S.dollar,theeuro(Europeancountries),andtheyenTheyearsafterBrettonWoodshavebeen(50)eredthegoldenageoftheU.S.dollar.Moretantly,theconferenceprofoundlyshapedtradefordecadestotantly,theconferenceprofoundlyshapedtradefordecadestoPassageThefinancialsystemestablishedattheBrettonWoodsConferenceenduredfor(55)years.EvenaftertheUnitedStatesagreementsmadeattheconference,thecontinuedtoexperienceapowerfulpositioninternationaltradebyhavingothercountriestheircurrenciestotheU.S.dollar.The(60)however,isInreality,theBrettonWoodssystemlastedthreedecades.Then,in1971,PresidentNixonintroducedaneweconomicpolicy.markedtheendoftheBrettonWoods(65)monetaryframework,andtheactionresultedworldwidefinancialcrisis.TwocornerstonesBrettonWoods,however,endured:theMonetaryFund(IMF)andtheWorldSincethecollapseoftheBrettonWoods(70)IMFmembershavebeentradingusingaexchangesystem.Namely,countriesallowexchangeratestofluctuateinresponsetoconditions.Theexchangerateexchangeratestofluctuateinresponsetoconditions.Theexchangeratebetweentwocies,suchastheJapaneseyenandtheU.S.(75)forexample,specifieshowmuchonecurrencyworthintermsoftheother.Anexchangerate120yentodollarsmeansthat120yenareworthsameasoneEvenso,theU.S.dollarhasremainedthe(80)widelyusedmoneyforinternationaltrade,havingonecurrencyforalltrademaybethanusingaflexibleexchangeThisseemstobethethinkingofagroupofcountries.TheGroupofTwenty(85)whichhascalledforanewBrettonWoods,ofgovernmentsandleadersfrom20ofthelargesteconomiesincludingChina,theStates,andtheEuropeanUnion.In2009,example,theG20announcedplanstocreatea(90)globalcurrencytoreplacetheU.S.dollar’sroletheanchorcurrency.Manybelievethatyuan,quicklyclimbingthefinancialranks,iswellitswaytobecomingamajorworldreservecurrencyInfact,anearlier1988articleinThe(95)stated,“30yearsfromnow,Americans,Europeans,andpeopleinmanyotherrichtriesandsomeInfact,anearlier1988articleinThe(95)stated,“30yearsfromnow,Americans,Europeans,andpeopleinmanyotherrichtriesandsomerelativelypooroneswillprobablypayingfortheirshoppingwiththesamecurrencyThearticlepredictedthattheworldsupply(100)currencywouldbesetbyanewcentralbanktheIMF.ThispredictionseemstobecomingfruitionsincetheG20indicatedthata“worldrencyisinwaiting.”ForaninternationalsuchastheoriginalBrettonWoodstolast(105)26yearsisnothinglessthanamazing.ButoverBrettonWoods;anewworldorderincouldbeonthefastTop10International(PercentSharesofAverageDailyCurrencyU.S.Dollar111Euro222JapaneseYen333UKPound44421.BasedonPassage1,itcanbereasonablyinferred(A)worldleadersrecognizedtheneedformarketsto(B)BrettonWoodsincreasedU.S.economicinfluencearound21.BasedonPassage1,itcanbereasonablyinferred(A)worldleadersrecognizedtheneedformarketsto(B)BrettonWoodsincreasedU.S.economicinfluencearound(C)theIMFandtheWorldBankworkcloselytogetherto(D)theconclusionofWorldWarIIhadlittleinfluenceoneventsBretton22.Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertoprevious(A)Lines8-10(“Toensure…(B)Lines10-12(“TheBretton…(C)Lines43-46(“Becauseonly…World655SwissFranc566Canadian777Mexican8ChineseYuan9NewZealandAdaptedfromMauldinEconomics;BankforInternationalSeptember2013TriennialCentralBankSurvey(D)Lines50-51(“Moreimportantly…to23.(D)Lines50-51(“Moreimportantly…to23.Asusedinline35,“foster”mostnearly(A)(B)(C)(D)24.WhichstatementbestexplainsthedifferencebetweenthepurposestheIMFandtheWorld(A)TheIMFprovidesmoneytopayforwarcosts,whiletheBankoffersassistancetorebuildcountriesrecoveringfromacrossthe(B)TheIMFencouragesstabilityintheglobalfinancialsystem,theWorldBankpromoteseconomicdevelopmentinrelatively(C)TheIMFsupportstheU.S.dollarininternationalmarkets,theWorldBankprovideslow-interestloanstomanyaroundthe(D)TheIMFoffersgovernmentsadviceaboutparticipationinmarkets,whiletheWorldBankencouragesmonetarybetween25.BasedonthesecondparagraphinPassage2,itcanbeinferred(A)theUnitedStatesdidnotsupportthegoalsoftheIMFand(A)theUnitedStatesdidnotsupportthegoalsoftheIMFandWorld(B)BrettonWoodswasoriginallyintendedtolastforthree(C)PresidentNixonactedtoreinforcethedecisionsmadeat(D)U.S.policydecisiondifferedfrominternationalconsensusBretton26.Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertoprevious(A)Lines61-62Inreality…three(B)Lines62-63Then,in1971…economic(C)Lines66-68Twocornerstones…World(D)Lines69-71Sincethecollapse…exchange27.Asusedinline“anchor”mostnearly(A)(B)(C)(D)28.ItcanbereasonablyinferredfromPassage2andthegraphic(A)internationalmarketsareincreasinglycomfortableusingtheastrade(B)theUnitedStatesfavorsusingtheyuanasoneofthereserve(C)theG20wantstoreplacetheyuanandothercurrenciesreserve(C)theG20wantstoreplacetheyuanandothercurrencieswithaglobal(D)theIMFcontinuestosupporttheyuanandothercurrenciesinflexibleexchange29.ThelastparagraphofPassage2canbedescribed(A)arefutationofopponents’(B)anindicationoftheauthor’s(C)asummaryoftheauthor’smain(D)anintroductionofacontradictory30.Whichstatementmosteffectivelycomparestheauthors’purposesboth(A)Passage1’spurposeistocontrastthefunctionsoftheIMFWorldBank,whilePassage2’spurposeistooutlinetheofaflexibletradesystemtotheUnited(B)Passage1’spurposeistodescribethehistoryoftradeinthe20thcentury,whilePassage2’spurposeistowhytheBrettonWoodssystem(C)Passage1’spurposeistodescribeBrettonWoods’effectonglobaleconomy,whilePassage2’spurposeistosuggestthatnewcurrencyforglobaltrademaysoonbe(D)Passage1’spurposeistopromotetheeconomicbenefitsofIMFandWorldBank,whilePassage2’spurposeistoIMFandWorldBank,whilePassage2’spurposeistoencouragereestablishmentoftheBrettonWoods31.Bothpassagessupportwhichgeneralizationaboutthe(A)U.S.influenceonglobaltradehascontinuedunderaexchange(B)ThepurposesoftheInternationalMonetaryFundandtheBankareindirectly(C)TheGroupofTwentyrepresentsthefinancialinterestsofworld’slargest(D)InternationalinstitutionssuchastheIMFcontinuetoeconomictradeandTreatmentforParalysisAccordingtoastudyconductedbytheandDanaReeveFoundation,morethansixpeopleintheUnitedStatessufferfromparalysis.That’sclosetoonepersoninevery(5)whosuffersfromalossoftheabilitytomoveorinareasofhisorherbody.ParalysisisoftenQuestions32-42arebasedonthefollowingbyillnesses,suchasstrokeormultiplesclerosis,injuriestothebyillnesses,suchasstrokeormultiplesclerosis,injuriestothespinalcord.Researchscientistsmadeadvancesinthetreatmentofparalysis,(10)meansretrainingaffectedindividualstoasindependentaspossible.Patientslearnhowusewheelchairsandpreventcomplicationsthatcausedbyrestrictedmovement.Thisretrainingkeyinmaintainingparalytics’qualityof(15)however,anactualcureforparalysishaselusive—untilIn2014,surgeonsinPolandcollaboratedtheUniversityCollegeLondon’sInstituteofogytotreataPolishmanwhowasparalyzed(20)thechestdownasaresultofaspinalcordinjuryThescientistschosethispatientfortheirstudycauseofthecountlesshoursofphysicaltherapyhadundergonewithnosignsofprogress.Twentyonemonthsaftertheirtestsubject’sinitial(25)cordinjury,hisconditionwasconsideredasdefinedbytheAmericanSpinalInjurytion(ASIA)’sImpairmentScale.ThismeantthatexperiencednosensoryormotorfunctioninsegmentsofhisspinalcordnearesttohisinjuryThedoctorssegmentsofhisspinalcordnearesttohisinjuryThedoctorsusedatechniquerefinedduringyearsofspinalcordresearchonrats.Theyoneoftwoofthepatient’solfactorybulbs,whichstructuresfoundatthetopofthehumannose.thisstructure,samplesofolfactoryensheathing(35)responsibleforaportionofthesenseofsmell,harvested.Thesecellsallowtheolfactorysystemrenewitscellsoverthecourseofahumanlife.Itbecauseofthisconstantregenerationthatchosetheseparticularcellstoimplantinto(40)patient’sspinalcord.Afterbeingharvested,thewerereproducedinaculture.Then,thecellsinjectedintothepatient’sspinalcordin100injectionsaboveandbelowthelocationofhisinjuryFourstripsofnervetissuewerethenplacedacross(45)smallgapinthespinalAftersurgery,thepatientunderwentatailor-neurorehabilitationprogram.Inthemonthsfollowingtheoperation,notonlydidpatientexperiencenoadverseeffects,but(50)conditionimprovedfromASIA’sclassAtoC.ClassCisconsideredanincompletespinalinjury,meaningC.ClassCisconsideredanincompletespinalinjury,meaningthatmotorfunctionispreservedtocertainextentandthereissomemuscleactivity.patientexperiencedincreasedstabilityinthe(55)ofhisbody,aswellaspartialrecoveryofmovementsinhislowerextremities.Asaresult,wasabletoincreasethemusclemassinhisandregainsensationinthoseareas.Inlate2014,tookhisfirststepswiththesupportofonlyaTheseexcitingimprovementssuggestthatnervegraftsdoctorsplacedinthepatient’scordbridgedtheinjuredareaandpromptedregenerationoffibers.Thiswasthefirst-clinicalstudythatshowedbeneficialeffectsof(65)transplantedintothespinalcord.Thesameofscientistsplanstotreattenmorepatientsthis“smellcell”transplanttechnique.Iftheycontinuedsuccess,patientsaroundtheworldhaveboththeirmobilityandtheirhope32.Thecentralideaofthepassageisprimarilyconcerned(A)howvariousdiseasesandinjuriescancausepermanent(B)waysinwhichdoctorsandtherapistsworktoimprovequalityof(C)onetreatmentbeingdevelopedtoreturnmobilitytoqualityof(C)onetreatmentbeingdevelopedtoreturnmobilitytosuffering(D)methodsofphysicaltherapythatcanhelppatientswithspinal33.Theauthorincludesadescriptionofretrainingparalyticsinlines13primarily(A)describehowpeoplewithparalysiscopewitheveryday(B)appealtothereader’ssympathiesforpeoplewith(C)showthatmostresearchscientistsdonotbelieveacurecan(D)helpreadersappreciatethesignificanceofresearchthatmaytoa34.Basedontheinformationinthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat(A)believesmoreresearchshouldbedonebeforepatientsparalysisaresubjectedtothetreatmentdescribedinthe(B)feelsthatincreasedmobilitywillhaveapositiveimpactonsufferingfromalllevelsof(C)thinksthatmorescientistsshouldstudyparalysisandwaysimprovethequalityoflifeforpatientswithlimited(D)waspartoftheresearchteamthatdevelopedthenewmethodtreatingparalysisdescribedinthe35.Whichchoiceprovidesthebestsupportfortreatingparalysisdescribedinthe35.Whichchoiceprovidesthebestsupportfortheanswertoprevious(A)Lines6-8(“Paralysisis…spinal(B)Lines17-20In2014…(C)Lines53-56Thepatient…(D)Lines67-69Ifthey…36.Asusedinline“restricted”mostnearly(A)(B)(C)(D)37.Inline46,theauthor’suseoftheword“tailor-madereinforcetheidea(A)theinjectedcellswerefromthepatientandwerewell-suitedtoworkinhisown(B)spinalcordcellswerereplacedduringthetransplantportionofindividualized(C)olfactorybulbswereremovedfromratsandplacedinthespinalcordduring(D)themethodusedbydoctorstolocatethedamagedareaexpertiseand38.Itcanbereasonablyinferredfromthepassage(A)thepatient’streatmentwould38.Itcanbereasonablyinferredfromthepassage(A)thepatient’streatmentwouldhavebeenmoresuccessfulscientistshadusedcellsfromanotherareaofhisbodyinsteadfromhisolfactory(B)cellsfromolfactorybulbswillbeusedtocurediseasesthatareasofthebodyotherthanthespinal(C)thepatientwhoreceivedtheexperimentaltreatmentusingfromolfactorybulbswouldnothaveregainedmobilitywithout 39.Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertoprevious(A)Lines8-11(“Researchscientists…(B)Lines21-28Thescientists…Theyremoved…(C)Lines31-33(D)Lines60-63Theseexciting…40.Asusedinline“refined”mostnearly(A)(B)(C)(D)41.Thesuccessofthepatient’streatmentwasdue41.Thesuccessofthepatient’streatmentwasdueinlargepart(A)studiesdoneonother(B)researchconductedbyotherdoctorsin(C)manyexperimentsperformedon(D)multipleattemptsonvarioustypesof42.Theproceduredescribedinwhichcellsfromolfactorybulbsinjectedintoadamagedareaofthespinalcordismostanalogouswhichofthe(A)Replacingadiseasedorganinapatientwithanorganfromawhohasthesametissue(B)Givingapatientwithahighfeveraninjectionofmedicationbringthecorebodytemperature(C)Placingacastonalimbtoholdtheboneinplacetohealingaftersufferinga(D)GraftingskinfromahealthyareaofthebodyandtransplantingtoanareathathassufferedsevereMercuryinFishMercuryisanunusualelement;itisametalQuestions43-52arebasedonthefollowingpassagesupplementaryisliquidatroomtemperature.Itisalsoaandaisliquidatroomtemperature.Itisalsoaandateratogen,asitcausesnervedamageanddefects.Mercurycanbefoundjustaboutevery(5)where;itisinsoil,inair,inhouseholditems,eveninourfood.Everydayobjects,suchaslightswitches,andfluorescentcontainmercuryinitselementalform.canalsocontainmercury,buttheycontainitin(10)formoftheinorganiccompoundmercuryMercurycanalsoexistasanorganicthemostcommonofwhichismethylmercuryWhilewecantakestepstoavoidbothandinorganicmercury,itismuchharderto(15)methylmercuryMostofthemercuryinthecomesfromtheemissionsofcoal-burningplants;coalcontainssmallamountsofmercurywhicharereleasedintotheairwhencoal(20)Theconcentrationofmercuryintheairpowerplantsisverylow,soitisnotdangerous.However,themercuryisthenoutoftheairbyrainstormsandeventuallyendsinlakesandThemercurydepositedinthewaterdoesinstantaneouslyinlakesandThemercurydepositedinthewaterdoesinstantaneouslygetabsorbedbyfish,asmercurydoesnoteasilydiffusethroughmembranes.However,methylmercuryintocellseasily,andcertainanaerobic(30)inthewaterconverttheelementalmercurymethylmercuryasaby-productoftheirprocesses.Methylmercuryreleasedintothebythebacteriadiffusesintosmallsingle-organismscalledplankton.Smallshrimpand(35)smallanimalseattheplanktonandabsorbmethylmercuryintheplanktonduringSmallfisheattheshrimpandthenlargerfisheatsmallerfish;eachtimeananimalpreysonanimal,thepredatorabsorbsthemethylmercury(40)Becauseeachanimalexcretesthemethymuchmoreslowlythanitabsorbsit,methybuildsupintheanimalovertimeandispassedtowhateveranimaleatsit,resultinginaAspeoplebecameawareoftheofmercuryinfish,manyreactedbyseafoodfromtheirdiet.ofmercuryinfish,manyreactedbyseafoodfromtheirdiet.However,seafoodcertainomega-3fattyacidsthatareforgoodhealth.Peoplewhodonoteat(50)ofthesefattyacids,especiallyacid(EPA)anddocosahexaenoicacid(DHA),morelikelytohaveheartattacksthanpeoplehaveenoughEPAandDHAintheirdiet.fishandshellfish,alongwithsomealgae,are(55)onlysourcesofthesefattyacids,eliminatingfromourdietmighthaveworsehealtheffectsconsumingsmallamountsofmercuryScientistshavestudiedtheeffectsofmercuryconductingtestsonanimalsandbystudying(60)humanpopulationsandrecordingtheamountmercuryintheirblood.Bydeterminingthelevelsmercuryconsumptionthatcauseanyofthesymptomsofmercurypoisoning,theyweretoidentifyasafelevelofmercury(65)Thecurrentrecommendationisforhumanstakeinlessthan0.1microgramofmercuryeverykilogramofweightperday.Thismeansa70-kilogramperson(about155pounds)safelyconsume7microgramsofa70-kilogramperson(about155pounds)safelyconsume7microgramsofmercuryperday(70)Sincehaddockaveragesabout0.055ofmercurypergram,thatpersoncouldsafely127grams(about4.5ounces)ofhaddockperdayOntheotherhand,swordfishaveragesaboutmicrogramsofmercurypergramoffish,so(75)70-kilogrampersoncouldsafelyeatonlyaboutgrams(aboutone-quarterofanounce)ofperdayNutritionistsrecommendthat,ratherthannatefishfromourdiet,wetrytoeatmoreof(80)low-mercuryfishandlessofthehigh-mercuryLow-mercuryspeciestendtobesmallerrousfishwhilehigh-mercuryspeciestendtobelargestcarnivorousfish.Awarenessoftheticularsofthisproblem,accompaniedby(85)eatinghabits,willkeepusonthebestcoursehealthy Range(grams) (partsper43.Theauthorofthepassagewouldmostlikelyagreewithwhichoffollowing(A)Mercurypoisoningisonlyoneof43.Theauthorofthepassagewouldmostlikelyagreewithwhichoffollowing(A)Mercurypoisoningisonlyoneofmanyconcernsthatshouldconsideredwhenchoosingwhichfishtoaddtoone’s(B)Moreshouldbedonebyscientistsandnutritioniststopeopleaboutthedangersofmercury(C)Fishisanessentialpartofahealthydietandcanbeeatensafelyrecommendationsformercuryconsumptionarekeptin(D)Themercurypresentintheairismoredangeroustopeoplethemercuryconsumedbyeatingfishwithhighmercury44.WhichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertopreviousAlaskanAtlanticAtlanticChubBlackStripedAlbacore(A)Lines16-18Mostof…(B)Lines32-35Methylmercuryreleased(A)Lines16-18Mostof…(B)Lines32-35Methylmercuryreleased…(C)Lines58-61Scientists…their(D)Lines83-86Awareness…45.Inadditiontolevelsofmercur