Unit2MoralsandVirtuesPeriod3ReadingForWriting（学案）-高一英语学与练（人教）

Book3Unit2MoralsandVirtuesPeriod3ReadingForWriting001预习导学Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后记诵)基础词汇记其形________n.事故；车祸；失事________n.手术；企业；经营________vi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语（声）；低语（声）；传言；谣传________/'impɔ:t/n.进口；进口商品/im'pɔ:t/vt.进口；输入；引进________/'ekspɔ:t/n.出口；出口商品/ik'spɔ:t/vt.出口；输出；传播________vt.&vi.（bit/bɪt/,bitten/bɪtn/)咬；叮；蜇________vt.帮助;援助________n.记忆力;回忆________v.&vi.（spilt/spilled,spilt/spilled)（使）洒出；（使）溢出________vi.波行；一瘸一拐地走________n.眼泪；泪水________n.&vt.伤害；损害________n.绝望vi.绝望；感到无望________n.力量；威力________n.(网球等的】球场；法院；法庭________adj.灵活的；可变通的_______n.收入；收益________adv.因此；所以________n.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑1.accidentn.事故；车祸；失事2.operationn.手术；企业；经营3.whispervi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语（声）；低语（声）；传言；谣传4.import/'impɔ:t/n.进口；进口商品/im'pɔ:t/vt.进口；输入；引进5.export/'ekspɔ:t/n.出口；出口商品/ik'spɔ:t/vt.出口；输出；传播6.bitevt.&vi.（bit/bɪt/,bitten/bɪtn/)咬；叮；蜇7.assistvt.帮助;援助8.memoryn.记忆力;回忆9.spillvt.&vi.（spilt/spilled,spilt/spilled)（使）洒出；（使）溢出10.limpvi.波行；一瘸一拐地走11.tearn.眼泪；泪水12.harmn.&vt.伤害；损害13.despairn.绝望vi.绝望；感到无望14.mightn.力量；威力15.courtn.(网球等的】球场；法院；法庭16.flexibleadj.灵活的；可变通的17.inen.收入；收益18.thereforeadv.因此；所以19.tensionn.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑核心词汇记中变______________vi.

昏倒:晕厥&adj.不清楚的:微弱的_________________n.模糊:微弱faint；faintness

2._______________vt.(举例)说明;阐明;给(书或文章)加插图________________n.

说明;图解_________________adj.说明的;解说的illustrate；illustration；illustrative

3.______________vt.

照顾:照料&vi.倾向;趋于_____________n.倾向;趋势tend；tendency

4._____________adj.精力充沛的:充满活力____________n.能量;精力___________adv.精力充沛的energetic；energy；energetically

5.__________________n.

事故:车祸;失事______________________adj.意外的;偶然的accident；accidental

6.____________n.手术:企业:经营____________v.运转;动手术;操作operation；operate7._______________v.帮助:援助______________n.助手;助理;助教_____________n.援助;帮助assist；assistant；assistance8.______________n.记忆力;回忆___________vt.记住;记忆______________adj.

记忆的:纪念的memory；memorize；memorial______________n.&vt.伤害;损害_______________adj.有害的______________adj.无害的harm；harmful；harmless

10.______________adj.灵活的;可变通的_____________n.灵活性;弹性_____________adv.灵活地;易曲地flexible；flexibility;flexibly阅读词汇识其义cartn.________polen________lapn.________lipn.________chairmann.________cafen________waitressn.________pregnant

adj.________disguisev.________maplen.________fablen.________PekingUnionMedicalCollege.________theWenhaiScholarship_______thePeople'sRepublicofChina________theNationalPeople'sCongress/kɔɳgres/________cartn._手推车_______polen.(行星的）极；地极lapn.（坐着时的）大腿部；（跑道等的）一圈4.lipn.嘴唇5.chairmann.主席;主持人;董事长6.cafen.咖啡馆;小餐馆7.waitressn.(餐馆的）女服务员；女侍者8.pregnant

adj.怀孕的；妊娠的9.disguisev.装扮；假扮；掩盖n.伪装；化装用具10.maplen.枫树；械树11.fablen.寓言；寓言故事12.PekingUnionMedicalCollege.北京协和医学院13.theWenhaiScholarship“文海”奖学金14.thePeople'sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国15.theNationalPeople'sCongress/kɔɳgres/全国人民代表大会Ⅱ.语块记诵关(先填后记诵)1.__________________得出结论，下结论2.____________________在半夜，在午夜3.___________________北极4._____________________第二年

5.___________________动身去6.___________________进行急救

7.__________________去世8.___________________作为对..的纪念

9.___________________从前10.____________________首先

11._________________在去的路上12.____________________逐步地

13._________________期望某人做某事14.__________________在...中间

15.________________撞上,撞向16.___________________爬起来

17.__________________过了一会儿18.___________________被绊倒

19.___________________流着泪含着泪20.___________________试图做某事

21.___________________处于绝望中22.____________________阻止某人做某事(免于)

23._____________________对...有危险24._____________________大量

25.___________________竭尽全力地，全力以赴地26._____________________把..移开/不挡道

27.______________________成功做某事28._____________________属于

29.____________________某事给某人留下..印象30.____________________根据最近的一项调查

31._________________对...感到满意32._______________响应;回答

33._________________感谢..对...感激34._________________最后做某事

35.___________________全神贯注于36.__________________当作认作1.draw

a

conclusion2.at

midnight3.the

North

Pole

4.the

following

year5.leave

for

6.give

first

aid7.pass

away

8.in

memory

of9.once

upon

a

time

10.first

of

all11.be

on

one＇s

way

to

12.step

by

step13.expect

sb.to

do

sth.

14.in

the

middle

of15.crash

into

16.pick

oneself

up17.after

a

while

18.trip

over19.in

tears

20.make

an

attempt

to

do

sth.21.in

despair

22.keep

sb

from

（doing）sth23.be

a

danger

to

24.a

great

deal

of25.with

all

one＇s

might

26.move...out

of

the

way27.succeed

in

doing

28.belong

to29.impress

sb.with

sth.

30.according

to

a

recent

survey31.be

satisfied

with

32.in

response

to33.be

thankful

for

34.end

up

doing

sth.35.concentrate

on

36.take

asⅢ.佳句赏析关1．Soweshouldstaypositiveandvaluewhatwehaveinsteadofplainingtoomuch.所以我们应该保持积极的态度，珍惜我们所拥有的，而不是抱怨太多。2．Thisstoryindicatesthatthosenotblindlylisteningtoother’scriticismorpraisearemorelikelytoobtainwhattheyarepursuing.这个故事表明，那些不盲目听别人批评或赞扬的人更有可能获得他们所追求的东西。3.Sowhateveryouencounter，acceptitwillinglyanduseittothefullest.所以无论你遇到什么，欣然接受并充分利用它。4．Asamatteroffact，thefablemirrorsthatdifferentattitudesmaybringaboutdifferentresults.事实上，这个寓言反映了不同的态度可能会带来不同的结果。5．Asanoldsayinggoes，unionmeanspower.俗话说，团结就是力量。002语篇理解Step1Pre­readingLeadinWhatarethenamesofthesefables?Whatarethesefablesabout?KongRonggivesupthebiggestpear孔融让梨Mencius’mothermovesthreetimes孟母三迁Constantgrindingturnsanironrodintoaneedle铁杵成针StandinthesnowtowaituponMasterChengrespectfully程门立雪Whatisafable?Itisatraditionalshortstorythatteachesamorallesson.Step2While­readingTask1:FastreadingSkimthefableanduseoneortwosentencestosummarizethemainideaofit.TheStoneintheRoadisanoldfableaboutakingwhowantstoseehispeople’sattitudestoproblems,soheputsalargestoneinthemiddleoftheroad.Thenhehidesandwaitstoseeifanyonewilltrytomoveit.Analyzethestructureofthetext.THESTONEINTHEROADPart1______:Whythekingwantedto__________________andwhat_______was.THESTONEINTHEROADPart2______:Differentpeople’s_________and_________whentheycameacrossthesameproblem.Part3______:What_______thekingtaughthispeople.答案：THESTONEINTHEROADPart1___12___:Whythekingwantedto_teachhispeoplealesson___andwhat____hisidea___was.THESTONEINTHEROADPart2___37___:Differentpeople’s____emotions_____and_____responses____whentheycameacrossthesameproblem.Part3__89____:What__lesson_____thekingtaughthispeople.Task2:IntensivereadingReadthefableandanswerthequestions.1.Whatwastheking’sideaforteachinganimportantlessontohispeople?2.Whatwastheresponsefrommostofthepeople?3.Whatdidtheyounggirlthinkanddowhenshesawthecoins?答案：1.Heputahugestoneinthemiddleofaroad，andwatchedtoseeifanyonewouldmoveit.2.Mostofthepeoplejustgotupsetthatthestonewasintheirway.3.Shethoughtthatthemoneybelongedtosomeoneelseandthatitshouldbereturned.2）Analyzedifferentpeople’semotionsandresponses.PersonExperienceEmotionResponsemilkmanwomanwithwaterothervillagersyounggirlPersonExperienceEmotionResponsemilkmancrashedintothestoneangrywentawaywomanwithwatertrippedoverthestonesadlimpedawayintearsothervillagersplainedaboutthestoneupsetnobodymadeanattempttomovethestoneyounggirlsucceededinmovingthestonetothesideofthestreettired,surprisedwantedtofindtheownerofthegoldWorkinpairs.Discussthequestions.Whatdoyouthinkthisfableistryingtotellus?Doyouthinkthekingwaswise?Whyorwhynot?Themoralofthestoryisthatweshouldalltakeresponsibilityforourmunity.Idon’tthinkthatthekingwasverywise,however,becausenoonelearntanythingfromhisexperiment.Themilkman,thewomanwithherwaterpot,andtheothervillagerscontinuedontheirtravelswithouthavingchangedtheirattitudesatall.Thekingdidfindoneresponsibleyounggirl,butshewasalreadyaresponsiblepersonbeforesheencounteredthestoneintheroad.Canyouthinkoftimesinyourownlifewhenyoufeltandactedlikethegirlorliketheotherpeopleinthestory?Giveexamples.TherehavebeentimeswhenIhaveactedresponsiblylikethegirlinthestory.Forexample,Irecentlysawsomechildrenplayingonadangerousbalcony,andsoIwarnedthemitwasdangerousandhadthemgosomewhereelsetoplay.However,oftenI’mmorelikethemilkmaninthestorybecauseI’mverybusywithmyownworkandworries.4）Writeareviewofafable.Tip:1.mainpurpose:togiveyouropinionaboutapieceofwriting2.giveashortdescriptionofthewriting3.giveyouranalysisofthewriting4.stateyouropinionandyourreasons（1）Usetheoutlinebelowtohelpyou.Paragraph1Basicinformationaboutthestory ●Whatisthetitleofthestory?●Whatkindofstoryisit?●Whatisthemainideaofthestory?Paragraph2Youranalysisofthestory ●Whatistheauthor’spurpose?●Werethedetailsofthestoryclear?●Doyouthinkthestoryachieveditspurpose?Paragraph3Youropinionaboutthestory ●Whatdidyoulikeaboutthestory?●Whatdidyounotlikeaboutthestory?●Wouldyouremendthisstorytoothers?（2）UsefulexpressionsandstructuresThefabletitled...isa...story.Thestoryisabout...Theauthorwritesabout...Theauthorisusingthestorytotellus...Theauthorhasdoneagoodjobin...Thefableisintendedtotellpeople...Theauthortriesto...but...Thefablemirrors/reflectsthat...AfterIreadthestory,Ihaveabetterunderstandingof...Havingreadthestory,Iwaslostinthought,feelingdisappointedwith...Ilikethestorybecause...Ithinkthestoryisworthreadingbecause...Whatimpressesmemostisthat...Iwouldlovetosharethestorywith...Sample:TheStoneintheRoadisanoldfableaboutakingwhowantedtoteachhispeoplealessonbyhidinggoldunderthestoneinthestreet.Theauthorusedthestorytoimpressonreaderstheneedtotakepersonalresponsibilityforproblemsinthemunity.Thestoryisquitesuccessfulinachievingitspurpose,andIlikeitbecauseithasaclearmoral.However,whilethemoralofthestoryisclear,theactionsofthekingseemedpointlesstome,becausenoneofthecharactersinthestorylearntanything.Forthisreason,Ithinktherearebetterstoriesthatcanbeusedtoimpressonpeopletheneedforpersonalresponsibility.Exchangedrafts.Usethechecklisttogivefeedbackonyourpartner’sdraft.Step3Post­readingDoesthewritergiveashortdescriptionofthestory?Doesthedescriptionincludethemostimportantdetailsofthestory?Doesthewritergivehis/heropinionaboutthecharactersortheiractions?Isthereviewwellorganised?Doesthewriterusetheingformastheadverbialinthereview?Arethereanygrammar,spelling,orpunctuationerrors?Step4HomeworkReviseyourdraftandwriteanotherreview003语言学习Part1核心词汇disguisevt.装扮；假扮；掩盖n.伪装；化妆用具【学以致用】(1)单句语法填空①Shedisguisedherself________amansoshecouldfightonthebattlefield.②Ididn'trecognizehimbecausehewas________disguise.(2)单句写作①他们都装扮成了学生。They____________________________students.②失去那份工作真的是塞翁失马焉知非福，我找到了我更喜欢的职业。Losingthatjobwasreally______________________________________,andIfoundamuchmoreenjoyablecareer.③生意不好这件事无法隐瞒。Itisimpossible________(disguise)thefactthatbusinessisbad.【学以致用】(1)单句语法填空①Shedisguisedherselfasamansoshecouldfightonthebattlefield.②Ididn'trecognizehimbecausehewas__in__disguise.(2)单句写作①他们都装扮成了学生。Theyalldisguisedasstudents.②失去那份工作真的是塞翁失马焉知非福，我找到了我更喜欢的职业。Losingthatjobwasreallyablessingindisguise,andIfoundamuchmoreenjoyablecareer.③生意不好这件事无法隐瞒。Itisimpossibletodisguisethefactthatbusinessisbad.tearn.眼泪；泪水teartoretorn【学以致用】(1)单句语法填空①Thelastactwassotouching,thewholeaudiencewas________tears.②Sheclosedhereyestightlyinavainattempttoholdbackthe________(tear)．③Thechildrenweretoldtotearthepaper________pieces.(2)单句写作他恼羞成怒，把信撕成两半。Angryandbored,he________theletter________________.【学以致用】(1)单句语法填空①Thelastactwassotouching,thewholeaudiencewasintears.②Sheclosedhereyestightlyinavainattempttoholdbackthetears(tear)．③Thechildrenweretoldtotearthepaperinto/topieces.(2)单句写作他恼羞成怒，把信撕成两半。Angryandbored,hetoretheletterinhalf/two.despairn.绝望vi.绝望；感到无望【学以致用】(1)单句语法填空①Heisthedespair________allotherteammates.②Theenemysoldiersthrewuptheirhands________despair.(2)单句写作①别悲观失望，有志者事竟成。Don't________________success;wherethere'sawill,there'saway.②不要让你自己绝望，这样只能使情况变得更糟。Don't________________________;thiswillonlymakemattersworse.【学以致用】(1)单句语法填空①Heisthedespairofallotherteammates.②Theenemysoldiersthrewuptheirhands_indespair.(2)单句写作①别悲观失望，有志者事竟成。Don'tdespairofsuccess;wherethere'sawill,there'saway.②不要让你自己绝望，这样只能使情况变得更糟。Don'tdespairofyourself;thiswillonlymakemattersworse.4.tripover被……绊倒Onewomantrippedoverthestoneandherwaterpotwentcrashingtotheground.(教材P20)①Hestartedrunningtocatchthebusbuttrippedoverastoneandfelldown.[短语记牢]记牢下列短语tripup绊倒；跌倒；(使)犯错误②Jimwasrunningwelluntilhetrippedupandfell，losingtherace.[词块积累]tripovertheseroots被那些树根绊倒tripandfall绊倒【学以致用】填空①Thehardmathproblemtripped________mostofthestudents.②Iwassounluckytoday.Itripped________astone.【学以致用】填空①Thehardmathproblemtrippedupmostofthestudents.②Iwassounluckytoday.Itrippedoverastone.5.harmn．&vt.损害；伤害harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.无害的Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighboursfromharm?(教材P20)[合作探究]体会harm的用法和意义①Keepawayfromsuchthingsasyouthinkwilldoyouharm.②Thereisnoharminsayingsorrytoherfirst.＝Itdoesnoharmtosaysorrytoherfirst.[自主发现]③doharmtosb/sth＝dosb/sthharm对……造成伤害④Thereisnoharmin(one’s)doingsth＝Itdoesnoharm(forsb)to__dosth(某人)做某事并无害处。【学以致用】单句语法填空/同义句转换①Whatshouldbedonetopunishpeoplewhodoharm________theanimals?②Theykilledthe________(harm)oldmanincoldblood.③Drinkingtoomuch________________________ourhealth.(名词表达)→Drinkingtoomuch________________________ourhealth.喝酒太多对我们的身体有害。（形容词表达）【学以致用】单句语法填空/同义句转换①Whatshouldbedonetopunishpeoplewhodoharmtotheanimals?②Theykilledtheharmless(harm)oldmanincoldblood.③Drinkingtoomuchdoes__harm__toourhealth.→Drinkingtoomuchis__harmful__toourhealth.喝酒太多对我们的身体有害。6.agreatdeal(of)许多；大量Afteragreatdealofeffort，shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreet.(教材P20)[合作探究]体会agreatdeal(of)的用法和意义①IthinkhesangagreatdealbetterthanI.②Agreatdealhasbeenstudiedandthisisthebestway.③Agreatdealoftheirworkisunfinished.[自主发现]④agreat/gooddeal，用作副词短语时，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度，也可以用来修饰动词作状语。⑤agreatdeal用作名词短语时，意为“大量，许多”作主语或者宾语。⑥agreat/gooddealof许多的，大量的，只能修饰不可数名词。[词块积累]laughagreatdeal笑了很久conveyagreatdeal传达许多信息writeagreatdealofpoetry创作大量的诗歌【学以致用】补全句子①Ialsohadfriendswhogaveme____________________________．我还有些朋友给了我很多鼓励。②Sheis_________________todaythanshewasyesterday.她今天身体比昨天好多了。【学以致用】补全句子①Ialsohadfriendswhogavemea__great__deal__of__encouragement．我还有些朋友给了我很多鼓励。②Sheisa__great__deal__bettertodaythanshewasyesterday.她今天身体比昨天好多了。8.thereforeadv.因此；所以；因而...andthereforethepublicwouldcontinuetoreceivegoodhealthservices.(教材P22)[合作探究]体会therefore的用法和意义①Therefore，itisourwishthatthesepeoplecouldbehappyandenjoyhighwelfarestandards.因此，②Everythingworksoutwell，andthereforewearesurethattheexperimentwillbepletedontime.[自主发现]③therefore是副词，当therefore在整句中时，它一般不放句末，放在句首后要有逗号。④当therefore用在分句中时，即一个句子一部分表示原因一部分表示结果。若第二个分句前是逗号或无符号，则要注意therefore是副词，和so不一样，要保持句子完整，应用and__therefore。【学以致用】补全句子①Shewascaughtcheatingintheexam，________________shewaspunishedbyherteacher.她考试作弊受到了老师的惩罚。②He________givesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.于是他拿出几百万元帮助其他人进行农业科学研究。【学以致用】补全句子①Shewascaughtcheatingintheexam，and__thereforeshewaspunishedbyherteacher.她考试作弊受到了老师的惩罚。②Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.于是他拿出几百万元帮助其他人进行农业科学研究。Part2核心句型1.Despitethedifficultsituation，DrBethunedidwhateverhecouldtoassisttheChinesepeople.不顾局势艰难，白求恩博士竭尽所能地来帮助中国人。【解析】assistsbwithsth=assistsbtodosth=assistsbindoingsth【学以致用】一句多译在我的日常生活中，我认为帮助母亲做家务是我的责任。①Inmydailylife，Ithinkitismydutyto__________________thehousework.②Inmydailylife，Ithinkitismydutyto__________________thehousework.③Inmydailylife，Ithinkitismydutyto__________________thehousework.【答案】1.assistmymotherwith2.assistmymothertodo3.assistmymotherindoing2.(教材P20)Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighboursfromharm?难道这个村子里就没有主动承担保护邻居避免受伤害的责任吗？【解析】doharmto=beharmfulto【学以致用】一句多译众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害。①Whatisknowntousisthateatingtoomuchjunkfood__________________．(harmful)②Itisknowntousthateatingtoomuchjunkfood__________________．(harmn．)【答案】1.isharmfultoyourhealth2.doesharmtoyourhealth3.(教材P20)Neithershenorherfriendsthoughtaboutmovingthestoneoutoftheroad.她和她的朋友们都没有想过把石头从大路上挪开。【解析】：neither...or...“既不……也不……”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。7.Ifnot，wesurelymustfindtheowner，forhewillcertainlymissit.(教材P20)【句式解读】句中ifnot是ifthisgolddoesn’tbelongtoyou的省略形式，表示否定意义。【用法总结】ifnot如果不这样的话,不然，表示否定意义;ifso如果这样的话，表示肯定意义ifany如果有的话ifever如果有过或发生过的话;ifnecessary/possible如果有必要/可能①Areyouready？Ifso，let’ssetoffatonce.②Shewantstogowithus，ifpossible.③Mymotherseldom，ifever，goestothecinema.【学以致用】补全句子①Ithinkthere’sabullettrainatmidday.________________，youwillhavetowaittill2o’clockintheafternoon.我想正午会有一辆动车。要是没有，你只好等到下午2点了。②Washitinwater，pickoutthesmallparticles，________________．用清水冲洗它，如果有的话，把小颗粒拣出来。③Theythinkshemaytrytophone.________________，someonemuststayhere.他们认为她可能来，要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿他们认为她可能来，要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。’【学以致用】补全句子①Ithinkthere’sabullettrainatmidday.If__not，youwillhavetowaittill2o’clockintheafternoon.我想正午会有一辆动车。要是没有，你只好等到下午2点了。②Washitinwater，pickoutthesmallparticles，if__any．用清水冲洗它，如果有的话，把小颗粒拣出来。③Theythinkshemaytrytophone.If__so，someonemuststayhere.他们认为她可能来，要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿他们认为她可能来，要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。004随堂小练Part1动词的形式变化和词形转换1．Fillintheformbelowandyouwillbemakinga(save)of$6.6.【答案】saving【详解】考查名词。句意：填写下面的表格，你将节省6.6美元。由空前不定冠词a可知，此处为名词的填入,和介词of后面的名词形成所属关系。故填saving。2．The(marry)betweenthecoupleonlylastedforlessthantwoyears.【答案】marriage【详解】考查名词。句意：这对夫妇的婚姻只维持了不到两年。定冠词The后接名词在句中作主语。根据句意，故填marriage。3．LastweekIreceivedanencouraging(respond)tomyadvertisement.【答案】response【详解】考查名词。句意：上周我的广告收到了令人鼓舞的回应。形容词encouraging后接名词形式。根据不定冠词an可知，用可数名词的单数形式。根据句意，故填response。4．Inmostcountries,presidential(elect)areheldeveryfouryears.【答案】elections【详解】考查名词。句意：在大多数国家，总统选举每四年举行一次。由空前presidential为形容词以及空后谓语动词are可知，此处为复数名词的填入。故填elections。5．AsHelenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthaveanintention(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.【答案】toharm【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当海伦继续往前走时，她听到一个男人向她冲过来。海伦担心他可能有意要伤害她，于是就开始跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，haveanintentiontodosth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填toharm。6．It’snousecryingoverthe(spill)milk.【答案】spilt【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为溢出的牛奶哭泣是没有用的。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词spill和被修饰的名词milk是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式，作定语，表示被动和完成。故填spilt。Thecountry(tear)apartsincethewarbrokeout.Peoplearetryingtorebuildtheirhomes.【答案】hasbeentorn【详解】考查时态语态。句意：自从战争爆发以来，这个国家已四分五裂。人们正在努力重建家园。分析句子结构可知，空处为该句子的谓语动词。根据“sincethewarbrokeout”可知，该句的时态为现在完成时态，主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系。综上所述，句子需要现在完成时态的被动语态，主语thecountry，为第三人称单数形式。故填hasbeentorn。8．Marywaschosenasan(assist)tohelpMrBrownfinishhisresearch.【答案】assistant【详解】考查名词。句意：玛丽被选为助手帮助布朗先生完成他的研究。根据句意及空格前冠词an，可知此处要填名词。故填assistant。Theoldprofessorsettledinabeautifulmountainvillageandhadahappylifeafterhe(retire).【答案】retired【详解】考查时态。句意：这位老教授退休后在一个美丽的山村定居下来，过着幸福的生活。根据句意和句中“settled”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，“retire”意为“退休”，动词词性，过去式为“retired”。故填retired。Iwastoo(scare)togointothewatereventhoughtheytriedtopersuademeseveraltimes.【答案】scared【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管他们几次试图说服我，但是我太害怕了，不敢下水。分析句子结构可知，此处要填形容词，在句中作表语，描述人的感情，应用ed结尾形容词scared。故填scared。Iamnowwritingtomakea(plain)againsttheserviceofyourhotel.【答案】plaint【详解】考查名词。句意：我写此信的目的是投诉贵酒店的服务。不定冠词a后需接可数名词单数，plain的名词为plaint“抱怨”。故填plaint。Aimedatyoungchildren,this(energy)magazinepromisestoenrichthelivesoffamilies.【答案】energetic【详解】考查形容词。句意：这本充满活力的杂志以儿童为目标读者，承诺丰富家庭生活。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词magazine，energy的形容词为energetic“精力充沛的”。故填energetic。13．Doctorsperformedanemergency(operate)ontheinjuredboylastnight.【答案】operation【详解】考查名词。句意：昨晚医生对受伤的男孩进行了紧急手术。根据空格前不定冠词“an”可知，空格处应用名词，在句中作宾语，“operate”意为“动手术”，动词词性，对应的名词为“operation”，意为“手术”，“an”后接可数名词单数。故填operation。14．Theworld’spopulationhasdoubledduringthelastfour(decade)．【答案】decades【详解】考查名词。句意：世界人口在过去四十年中翻了一番。分析句子结构，four为基数词，修饰可数名词复数，decade意为“十年”，是可数名词，此处需填复数形式。故填decades。15．Sometimes,

weshoulddealwithaproblem(flexible).【答案】flexibly【详解】考查副词。句意：有时，我们应该灵活地处理问题。修饰动词短语dealwith用副词，故填flexibly。Part2课文语法填空Akingdecided1.______________（test）hispeoplewhethertheycouldsolvetheirproblems，sohedisguised2.______________（him）onemorningandwenttoalocalvillage.After3.______________（place）alargestoneinthemiddleofthemainstreetandhidinggoldcoins4.______________it，hehidbehindatreeandwatched.Amilkmanwithhiscartcamealongand5.______________（crash）intothestone，spillingthemilkeverywhere.Hepickedhimselfupandleftin6.______________（angry）.Then，agroupofwomencamealong，withpotsofwaterontheirheads，oneof7.______________felloverthestone.Afterpickingherselfup，shelimpedawaycrying.Thekingwas8.______________（disappoint）becausenobodyconsideredmovingthestoneoutoftheway.Thencameafarmer’sdaughter.Tiredasshewas，shetriedherbesttomovethestonetotheroadsideandfound9.______________gold.Shewaswonderingwhothegoldbelongedtowhenthekingcameovertoherandtoldherwhatwasthematter.She10.______________（give）thegoldasareward.1.totest考查非谓语动词。decidetodosth.决定做某事。2.himself考查代词。此处指国王乔装打扮，所以用反身代词himself。3.placing考查非谓语动词。after此处用作介词，后接动词时要用ing形式。4.under考查介词。根据句意可知，此处指“把金币藏在石头下面”，所以填under。5.crashed考查时态。讲述过去发生的事情要用一般过去时。6.anger考查名词。inanger愤怒地。7.whom考查定语从句。oneof______________引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是agroupofwomen，所以填whom。8.disappointed考查形容词。所填词作表语，指主语的心理感受，所以填disappointed。9.the考查冠词。此处特指前面提到的gold，应用定冠词the。10.wasgiven考查语态。文章是一般过去时，且she和give之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。005培优提升阅读选择Passage1AlexavonTobel,asuccessfulentrepreneur(企业家),learnedanimportantlessonduringhertimeatHarvardUniversity:Moneyalonedoesn’tbringhappiness.Despiteachievingfinancial(财务的)successbysellingherstartupformillionsofdollars,Alexabelievesthattruehappinessesfromthingsthatmoneycan’tbuy.Duringherundergraduatestudiesinpsychology,AlexahadtheopportunitytostudyatHarvard’sLeadershipandHappinessLaboratory,alsoknownasthe“HappinessLab”.Thisexperiencegaveheranewunderstandingonwhattrulybringshappiness.Shediscoveredthatit’sthesimpleroutinesanddailyactionsthatcreateasenseofmunityandconnection,ratherthanmaterialwealth.Alexa’smindset(思维模式)stillinfluencesherwork.Shebelievesthatfindinghappinessismoreimportantthanjustmakingmoney.Alexathinksit’simportanttotakeprideintheprocessofbuildingapany,ratherthanonlyfocusingonthefinancialoutes.Sheappliesthisattitudetoherpersonallifeaswell.Alexaandherhusbandvaluecelebratingthejourneyratherthanjusttheendresults,evenwhenitestoraisingtheirkids.WhileatHarvard,AlexawasgreatlyinspiredbyTalBenShaharandShawnAchor,whotaughtapopularcourseon“PositivePsychology”.Thisfieldemphasizesfindingjoyandsatisfactionbyconnectingwithothers,beinggrateful,andhavingapositivemindset.ForAlexa,thelessonsfromhertimeatHarvardstillremindhertofocusonwhateverbringsherjoyinherlife,ratherthanobsessingovermoneyormaterials.“Thedailyeffortdriveshappiness,nottheoute,”shesays.1．WhendidAlexahaveanewunderstandingofhappiness?A．Aftershegraduatedfromcollege.B．Aftershemarriedherhusband.C．WhenshestudiedatHarvard.D．Whenshewas30yearsold.2．WhatisthemindsetinAlexa’sfamily?A．Theresultisn’timportantatall.B．Thericheryouare,thehappieryouare.C．Themoresuccessfulyouare,thehappieryouare.D．Theprocessismoreimportantthantheoute.3．WhoinspiredAlexagreatlyatHarvard?A．Herpsychologyteacher. B．Herliteratureteacher.C．Herphysicsteacher. D．HerPEteacher.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“obsessingover”probablymeaninthelastparagraph?A．Referringto. B．Caringabout.C．Gettingalongwith. D．Takingover.【答案】1．C2．D3．A4．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了成功企业家AlexavonTobel对幸福的理解。她认为真正的幸福来自金钱买不到的东西。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Duringherundergraduatestudiesinpsychology,AlexahadtheopportunitytostudyatHarvard’sLeadershipandHappinessLaboratory,alsoknownasthe“HappinessLab”.Thisexperiencegaveheranewunderstandingonwhattrulybringshappiness.(在心理学本科学习期间，Alexa有机会在哈佛大学领导力与幸福实验室（也称为“幸福实验室”）学习。这段经历让她对什么才是真正带来幸福有了新的认识。)”可知，Alexa在哈佛读书时对幸福有了新的理解。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Sheappliesthisattitudetoherpersonallifeaswell.Alexaandherhusbandvaluecelebratingthejourneyratherthanjusttheendresults,evenwhenitestoraisingtheirkids.(她也将这种态度运用到个人生活中。Alexa和她的丈夫重视庆祝这段旅程，而不仅仅是最终的结果，即使是在抚养孩子的时候。)”可知，Alexa家的思维模式是过程比结果更重要。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“WhileatHarvard,AlexawasgreatlyinspiredbyTalBenShaharandShawnAchor,whotaughtapopularcourseon“PositivePsychology”.(在哈佛期间，Alexa深受TalBenShahar和ShawnAchor的启发，他们教授了一门受欢迎的“积极心理学”课程。)”可知，Alexa的心理学老师在哈佛给了她很大的启发。故选A。4．词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“ForAlexa,thelessonsfromhertimeatHarvardstillremindhertofocusonwhateverbringsherjoyinherlife,ratherthanobsessingovermoneyormaterials.(对Alexa来说，她在哈佛大学的经历仍然提醒她要专注于生活中给她带来快乐的事情，而不是obsessingover金钱或物质。)”可知，划线词词义应与focuson接近。A.Referringto.涉及；参考；B.Caringabout.在乎；C.Gettingalongwith.与……相处；D.