2021年山东省济南市中考英语试卷附详细解析

年山东省济南市中考英语试卷Ⅱ.选择填空从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。（15分）1．（1分）﹣How'sweathertoday？﹣It'ssunny.Getupquickly.We'regoingforapicnic.（）A．a B．an C．the D．/2．（1分）﹣Who'sthatyounglady？﹣She'sMissWhite.SheteachesEnglish.（）A．we B．us C．our D．ours3．（1分）﹣Peter，youcan'treadinbed.It'snotgoodyoureyes.﹣OK，Dad.（）A．in B．by C．on D．for4．（1分）﹣Whatwouldyoulike，sir？﹣Acupof，please（）A．potato B．coffee C．banana D．hamburger5．（1分）LittleKateisonly4yearold，shecanhelpwithalotofhousework.（）A．or B．so C．but D．because6．（1分）﹣Myphonedoesn'twork.Iuseyours？﹣Sure.Hereyouare.（）A．Must B．Could C．Need D．Would7．（1分）Cindyisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Ithinksheisstudentinmyclass.（）A．good B．better C．best D．thebest8．（1分）﹣swiminthisriver.It'squitedeep.﹣Thanksfortellingme.（）A．No B．Not C．Don't D．Doesn't9．（1分）﹣Susan，howwasyourparty？﹣Prettygood.Wesanganddancedallnight.（）A．happily B．hardly C．politely D．clearly10．（1分）﹣Haveyoufinishedyourbookreportyet？﹣No，Ihaven't.Iplanitthisweekend.（）A．write B．wrote C．writing D．towrite11．（1分）﹣Henry，canyoutakethisboxtotheclassroom？﹣Allright.Oh!heavybox!（）A．Whata B．Whatan C．What D．How12．（1分）﹣Wemustdosomethingtoprotectthewildanimals.﹣.Someofthemareingreatdanger.（）A．Nevermind B．You'reright C．Nothingmuch D．Idisagree13．（1分）Myhometownhaschangedalotinthepastfewyears.Youthechangesifyoucome.（）A．see B．saw C．willsee D．haveseen14．（1分）﹣WhendidBobandVictorarriveatthemeeting？﹣Theywerelate.Theydidn'tuntilthreeo'clock.（）A．fixup B．growup C．takeup D．showup15．（1分）一Excuseme.Doyouknow？一Yes.YoucangotoFurongStreet.（）A．whereIcangetsomelocalsnacks B．wheredoestheboycomefrom C．whencanwetraveltoHongKong D．whendidJimmycometoJinanIV.补全对话阅读对站，从每题文后的选项中，选出一个最佳答案完成对话。（5分）16．（5分）A：Hello，thisisSunnyFlowerShop.（1）B：Iwanttobuysomeflowersformygrandma.Tomorrowisherbirthday.A：（2）Whatkindwouldyoulike？B：I'mnotquitesure.（3）A：Certainly，Whataboutcarnations（康乃馨）？Theyhaveagoodmeaningoflove.B：Soundsgood.Couldyousendsometomyhousetomorrow？Iliveat56LongStreet.A：（4）AnythingelseIcandoforyou？B：Yes.（5）A：Ofcourse.I'llcallyouassoonasIgethere.B：Thankyou.Bye!（1）A.What'swrongwithit？B.Doyouoftenexercise？C.WhatcanIdoforyou？D.Wouldyoulikeapear？（2）A.Wehavemanykindsofflowers.B.Whenisyourgrandma'sbirthday？C.Ihaveapplejuiceandice﹣cream.D.Whydon'tyougiveherasweater？（3）A.CanIborrowyourdictionary？B.Canyougivemesomeadvice？C.MayIaskyousomequestions？D.Isshefreetomorrowafternoon？（4）A.You'rewelcome.B.Noproblem.C.Haveagoodday.D.I'mafraidnot.（5）A.Issheinthelibrary？B.Aretheyexcited？C.Doyouhaveafever？D.CanIpayonline？V.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。（40分）17．（10分）Nezumiwasamouse.HewasthinkingaboutfindingahusbandforhisdaughterSuki.ButSukisaid，"Father，IwishtomarryTaro."Tarowassmartandstrong，butTaro'sparentswerenotrichorpowerful."MySukican'tmarryacommonmouse!"Nezumisaid."I'llfindsomeonepowerfulformydaughter."Nezumitraveledfarandwide，butnobodymethishighstandards.Oneday，heclimbedtothetopofamountain."Hi，Sun!"Nezumicalled."Nobodyismorepowerfulthanyou.I'dlikeyoutomarrymydaughter."Sunsmiledandsaid，I'mpowerful.Withoutme，nothinggrows.ButwhenCloudcoversmyface，Sundisappeared.NezumibowedtoCloudandtoldhimhiswish."SurelyI'mpowerful，"hesaid."Butherecomessomeonestronger."AndWindblewCloudaway.ThenNezumishoutedhiswishtoWind."OfcourseI'mpowerful.ButIcan'tpassthroughWall."saidWind.WhenNezumitoldWallhiswish，Wallsaidquietly，"Yes，whodigundermeandmakemefalldown."Nezumiletoutabiglaugh.HeranbackhomeandsaidtoSuki，"Mydear!Youareright.Tarowillbeapowerfulhusband."（1）Nezumiwantedtofindforhisdaughter.A.aringB.ahouseC.ahusbandD.afriend（2）NezumithoughtthatTaro'sparentswerenot.A.richB.smartC.politeD.honest（3）WheredidNezumicalltoSun？A.Inhisyard.B.Onamountain.C.Inhishole.D.Onthebeach.（4）Wallsaidthathewasafraidof.A.SunB.CloudC.WindD.mice（5）Fromthelastparagraph，wecaninfer（推断）thatintheend.A.SukiandTarogotmarriedB.NezumilaughedatSukiC.SukiranawayfromhomeD.NezumifoughtwithTaro18．（10分）Apartmenttorent，16BaddesleyRoad，LittleHaddernVillageWehaveacomfortablethree﹣bedroomapartmenttorent（出租）.Theapartmentisinverygoodcondition!●onelargelivingroom●threebedrooms●bigkitchen●smallgarage（车库）Doyoulikethequietlife？Theapartmentisforyou!Largegarden.Beautifulviewsofthefieldsandwoods.Onlyfifteenminutesbytraintothecitycenter.Animalsandchildrenarewelcome!Only＄600amonth（inadvance，please）.Interested？Pleasetelephone：CarleenGreenWestFarm，LittleHaddernVillageTel：019405486574（1）Whereistheapartment？A.OnHaddernRoad.B.Inavillage.C.Nearaschool.D.Behindahotel.（2）Theapartmenthas.A.twobedroomsB.asmallgardenC.onelargegarageD.abigkitchen（3）Youshouldpayifyouwanttorenttheapartmentforhalfyear.A.＄1，800B.＄2，400C.＄3，600D.＄7，200（4）Youcancallat019405486574ifyouwanttorenttheapartment.A.CarleenGreenB.WestFarmC.BaddesleyD.LittleHaddern（5）Whichofthefollowingistrue？A.Peoplewithpetscannotrenttheapartment.B.Theapartmentisnotveryfarfromthecitycenter.C.Onlyadultswhohavechildrencanrenttheapartment.D.Youcan'tseethefieldsorthewoodsfromtheapartment.19．（10分）Onlinestudycanbehard.ZechHippwasdoingitwithgreatdifficulty.Zechis15yearsold.HelivesinSeattle，Washington，withhisfourbrothersandhismother."It'shardtostayfocused，"hesaid."Ican'tstayfocusedononethingatatime."Zechhasgottensomehelpfuladvicefromhis"BigBrother"OwenKim.Kimis33yearsold.HeisZech'smentorthroughaprogram.TheprogramiscalledBigBrothersBigSistersofPugetSound.Amentorissomeonewhogiveshelpandadvice.KimandZechoftentext，talkoverthephoneandevenvideocall.KimgaveZechsomeadviceabouthowtostayfocusedwhiledoingschoolathome.Kimsuggestspickingonespaceandalwaysdoingyourworkthere."Makethatspaceascomfortableaspossible，"hesaid.Inhisroom，Zechsetupacubby（小房间）.Hehasaplacewherehecanmaketea.ThiswasKim'sidea.HereKimandZechhavebeenBigBrotherandLittleBrotherforfouryears.Theyusedtomeetonceaweek.Theywouldwalkthroughthecityorplayvideogames.Inspring2020，COVID﹣19startedspreading，KimandZechhadtostopmeetingupinperson.Theillnessspreadseasilybetweenpeople.NowKimisolderthanZech.Hehashaddifferentlifeexperiences.Whentheytalk.KimcangiveZechadifferentpointofviewaboutlife.Zechsaidthisishelpful.Kimsaidit'sbeenagreatthingforhim，too.HesaidZechhasbeenawonderfuladditiontohislife."Owen'salwaysthere，"Zech'smothersaid.AllofherboyshavehadBigBrothersorBigSisters."Ithasdonesuchwondersforourfamily."shesaid."Justhavingtheminourliveshasbeensuchablessing."（1）WhatdoweknowaboutZechfromParagraph1？A.HelivesinabigcityinIndia.B.Hehadtroublelearningonline.C.Hismotheristoohardonhim.D.There'refivepeopleinhisfamily（2）WhatistalkedaboutinParagraph2？A.WhyKimandZechstudiedtogether.B.WhenBigBrothersBigSistersstarted.C.WhatgoodadviceZechgavetoKim.D.HowKimbecameZech's"BigBrother".（3）WhydidZechsetupacubbyinhishouse？A.Togetanewjobanddohisworkthere.B.Tohaveaspacetostudywithhisbrothers.C.Tomakeaspecialspaceforschoolwork.D.TomakeaspaceforhimandKimtomeet.（4）BecauseofthespreadofCOVID﹣19，KimandZechhadto.A.partwiththeirfamilyB.stayathomewatchingvideosC.meetupatZech'shomeD.talkonthephoneorvideocall（5）What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthetext？A.Tointroduceahelpfulprogram.B.TohelpaboynamedZechHipp.C.Toshowushowtostudyonline.D.TostopthespreadofCOVID﹣19.20．（10分）Scientistshavelongpredictedthatwarmertemperaturescausedbyclimate（气候）changewillhavethebiginfluenceontheworld'spoorestpeople.Newresearchnowsuggeststhathasalreadyhappenedoverthepastyears.AstudycomingoutintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencefoundthatinmostpoorcountries，highertemperaturesaremorethan90%likelytohaveresultedinafallineconomicoutput（经济产量），comparedtoaworldwithoutglobal（全球的）（获益）fromhighertemperatures."We'renotsayingthatglobalwarmingcreatedinequality（不公平），"saysNoahS.Diffenbaugh，thewriterofthestudyandaprofessoratStanfordUniversitywhostudiesclimatechange.But"globalwarminghassloweddowntheimprovement".Thepoorestcountriesarefacingtheworstinfluenceofrisingtemperatures﹣forwhichtheyareleastresponsibleThenewstudybuildsonpastresearch.A2015studyinthejournalNaturepredictedthattheaverageincome（平均收入）inthepoorestcountrieswillbe25%lowerby2100comparedtoaworldwithoutwarming，whilesomeoftherichestcountries﹣liketheUSA﹣couldexperienceanincreaseinincome.AndareportfromIPCC，showedthatifglobaltemperaturesrisemorethan1.5Cbytheendofthecentury，poorcountrieswilllikelyfaceveryseriouschallengessufferthemost，astheyarealready."saidMaryRobinson，whousedtobeaUNSpecialEnvoyonClimateChangeandapresidentofIreland.Theinfluenceisgreaterelsewhere，especiallyinsub﹣Saharan，Africandriventheaverageincomemorethan20%lower."Thereareanumberofwaysbywhichtemperatureinfluenceseconomicactivities，forpoorcountries，thenewsisallbad.（1）Accordingtothetext，warmertemperatures.A.aremainlycausedbypoorcountriesB.maybringadvantagestorichcountriesC.hadnoinfluenceontheworldbeforeD.canimprovethepoorestpeople'shealth（2）Whatdoes"suffer"underlinedinParagraph4mostprobablymeaninChinese？A.供应.B.犹豫.C.遭受.D.谋利.（3）Whichofthefollowingwillfacegreateconomicproblemscausedbyclimatechange？A.TheUN.B.TheUSA.C.Ireland.D.BurkinaFaso.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthetext？A.Climatechangewillmakepoorcountriespoorer.B.Wemusttakeactiontodealwithclimatechange.C.Climatechangecancausemillionsofearlydeaths.D.Peoplemakegoodpredictionsaboutclimatechange.（5）Fromwhichisthetestmostprobablytaken？A.Ageographytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Astorybook.非选择题部分（共45分）Ⅵ.选词填空（10分）A.阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词填空（每词限用一次）。21．（5分）thosehandallwithknifeGraceisalittlegirl.Lastnight，shehadastrangedream.Shedreamedthatshewashavingdinner（1）analieninherdiningroom.Shehadtotellthealienwhat（2）thethingsonthetablewerefor."Thisisa（3）shesaid."Weuseittocutupourfood.Andthisisaplate.Weputourfoodonit.""Whatare（4）？"askedthealien，pointingtoapairofchopsticks.Gracetoldhim，andtriedtoshowhimhowtousethem.Buthehadonlythreefingersoneach（5）soitwasverydifficultforhim.B.阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的动词，并用其适当形式填空。有的需要加助动词或不定式符号（每词限用一次）。22．（5分）playsmellsitacceptfindIlostmyjobagainandfeltmywholeworldwasdark.I（1）underanoldtreeintheparkwhenaboycameuptomefromnowhere.Hestoodrightbeforemewithhisheaddownandsaid，"Look，whatI（2）!"Inhishandwasaflower，adryanddeadone.Igavehimasmallsmileandturnedmyeyesawaysothathecouldgooff（3）.Tomysurprise，hejustsatdownnexttome.Heplacedtheflowertohisnoseandsaidexcitedly，"It（4）sweetanditisbeautiful，too.That'swhyIpickedit.Here，itisforyou."I（5）theflowerimpatientlyandjustthenInoticedthattheboywasblind.Iheldhimtightinmyarms.ThroughtheeyesofablindchildIsawthebeautyinlie.AndthenIheldthedryfloweruptomynoseandbreathedinthesmellofabeautifulrose.Ⅶ.阅读理解七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（5分）23．（5分）Listen!What'sthatinthebackground？Isitrock，countryorclassicalmusic？（1）"Musicmakesboththeleftandrightbrainmoreactive，andthiscanmaximize（使最大化）learningandimproveourmemory，aprofessoratNorthcentralUniversity.AccordingtoGodkin，it'sgoodtolistentoclassicalmusicwhileyouarestudying.（2）Youcanalsolistentomeditation（冥想）music，whichcanrelievestressandrelaxyourmind.Itishelpfultocreateaplaylistofthebeststudymusic.Everyone'stasteinmusicisdifferent，butwhenitcomestocreatingthebeststudymusicplaylist，herearesometipstoconsider：●GoClassicalYoumaynotwanttogotoaconcertofclassicalmusic，butthesoundsoftheclassicalmusicseemtoincreasemoodandproductivity（效率）.（3）●ConsiderTempoItseemsthatmusicwith60～70beatsaminutelikeBeethoven'sFurElisecanhelpstudentsstudylongerandmemorizemoreinformation.●NatureSounds（4）Theymakegreatbackgroundnoise.YoucanevencreateyourownmixwithwebsiteslikeNoisli.●ElectronicMusicElectronicmusicisagreatchoiceforthosewhodon'tlikeclassical.Anymusicwithlittletonolyricsisbest.●SoundControlThevolumeofyourstudymusicisimportant.Don'tdrownout（淹没）yourownthoughts.Remember，it'ssupposedtobeinthebackground.（5）Pleasewritetousandletusknowwhatmusichelpsyougetthroughschool!A.Thismakesitgreatforstudying.B.Whatdoyouthinkofcountrymusic？C.Onereasonisthatclassicalmusichasnolyrics.D.Thesoundsofbirds，windandrainarerelaxing.E.Wewouldlovetoknowwhat'sonyourstudyplaylist.F.Didyouknowthatsomekindsofmusiccanhelpyoufocus？G.However，youarenotexpectedtolistentomusicintheclassroom.Ⅶ.书面表达（30分）第一部分情境运用根据所提供的图片，用一个完整的句子提问或词组补全应答。24．（2分）A：？B：Becauseit'seasyforme.25．（2分）A：WhereisSally？B：Inthebathroom..26．（2分）A：Excuseme.？B：Yes，thereis.It'sonJingshiRoad.27．（2分）A：？B：Weneedonespoon.28．（2分）A：What'stheuseofthatmachine？B：.第二部分写作29．（20分）在每个人的成长过程中，都难免经历失败（failure）。只有在失败中不断反思和成长，内容包括：（1）你的一次失败经历；（2）从中得到的收获与感悟。注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；（3）不得出现真实的人名校名等相关信息。

试题解析Ⅱ.选择填空从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。（15分）1．【解答】根据How'stheweathertoday？是固定句型。故选：C。2．【解答】A.we我们；B.us我们；D.ours我们的。故选：B。3．【解答】根据前文"youcan'tin，可知躺在床上读书对眼睛是有害的，即benotgoodfor对没好处的。故选：D。4．【解答】potato：土豆；coffee：咖啡；hamburger：汉堡包，能用一杯来计量的只有咖啡。故选：B。5．【解答】or或者、还是；but但是。根据Littleis4year，及shehelpalothousework"她能帮忙做很多家务"可知。故选：C。6．【解答】Must必须；Could可以；Would将会。给你，表示委婉的请求用Could。故选：B。7．【解答】根据inmy，可知是最高级的比较范围。故选：D。8．【解答】根据题干，不要在这条河里游泳。是否定的祈使句。no后面要加名词或动名词。故选：C。9．【解答】happily快乐地；hardly几乎不；clearly干净地waspartygood."你的派对怎么样。"可知。故选：A。10．【解答】根据plantodosth计划做某事，是固定短语。故选：D。11．【解答】感叹的中心落在名词上，用what引导感叹句：What++形容词++谓语+形容词++主语+！What++可数名词复数++谓语，或整个句子+形容词或副词++谓语box是单数名词，所以用whata。故选：A。12．【解答】A.Nevermind不要紧；B.You'reright你说得对；D.Idisagree我不同意。故选：B。13．【解答】if引导的条件状语从句，所以主句用一般将来时。故选：C。14．【解答】fixup；grow，成长up；show，露面were，可知是要出现。D项正确。故选：D。15．【解答】根据题干和语境，可知句子是含有宾语从句的主从复合句，因此排除BC和D，符合题目要求。故选：A。IV.补全对话阅读对站，从每题文后的选项中，选出一个最佳答案完成对话。（5分）16．【解答】（1）C.根据下文"Iwantbuyflowersmy。可知C选项：WhatIdoyou。符合题意。（2）A.根据后文"Whatkindyou？"您想要什么样的？havekindsflowers我们有很多种花。故选E。（3）B.根据下文"Certainly，Whatcarnations（康乃馨）haveameaninglove"当然？它们有着爱的美好意义youmeadvice你能给我一些建议吗。故选B。（4）B.根据上文"Couldyousomemytomorrow？IatLong？我住在长街56号problem没有问题。故选B。（5）D.根据后文"Ofcourse.I'llyousoonIget。"当然可以。可知D选项：CanIonline我可以在网上付款吗。故选D。V.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。（40分）17．【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据Hethinkingfindingafordaughter。可知。故选C。（2）A细节理解题。根据TarosmartstrongTaro'swererichpowerful.Taro又聪明又强壮，也没有权势，Nezumi认为Taro的父母不富有。（3）B.细节理解题。根据One，hetotopamountain."，Sun!"called.有一天。"你好!"Nezumi叫道，他在山顶和太阳对话（4）D.细节理解题。根据Whentoldhis，Wallquietly，，I'mkeepaway.Butafraidmiceyoudigmemakefall，墙壁平静地说："是的。"我阻挡能敌人，它们在我下面挖洞。"可知。故选D。（5）A.推理判断题。根据My!Youright.Tarobeahusband.我的亲爱的女儿。Taro会是一个强大的丈夫findpowerfulmy。可推知。故选A。18．【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据ApartmentrentBaddesley，LittleVillage.出租公寓。可知。故选B。（2）D.细节理解题。根据●big。可知。故选D。（3）C.推理判断题。根据Onlyamonth（in，please）.每月只需600美元（请预付），如果你想租半年的话。故选C。（4）A.细节理解题。根据Interestedtelephone：Carleen？请致电：CarleenGreen，如果你想租那间公寓Green。（5）B.细节判断题。根据Onlyminutestrainthecenter.坐火车到市中心只需15分钟，B选项"公寓离市中心不远，故选B。19．【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据Onlinecanhard.Zechwasitgreat。泽赫•希普做得很费劲，他在线学习有困难。（2）D.段落大意题。根据Zechgottenhelpfulfrom"BigOwenisyearsismentoraprogram.TheisBigBigofSound.泽赫从他的"老大哥"欧文•金那里得到了一些有用的建议。他通过一个项目成为泽赫的导师。可知，成为了泽赫的导师。（3）C.推理判断题。根据Inroomsetacubby（小房间）hasawherecantea.ThisKim's，Zechhemorefromthewheredoes，泽赫设置了一个小房间。这是金的主意，泽赫说他和房子里的每个人都分开了。可知。故选C。（4）D.细节理解题。根据In2020started，KimZechstopupperson.Thespreadsbetween，theycommunicatetheorcall.2020年春天，金和泽赫停止了面对面的会面。现在。可知，两人只能通过电话或视频通话。（5）A.主旨大意题。根据Zechgottenhelpfulfrom"BigOwenisyearsismentoraprogram.TheisBigBigofSound.泽赫从他的"老大哥"欧文•金那里得到了一些有用的建议。他通过一个项目成为泽赫的导师。以及通读全文可知。作者写这篇文章的主要目的是为了介绍这个帮扶计划。20．【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据Thehaslessincountries—withevenfromtemperatures.在较富裕的国家，有些国家甚至从高温中获益，气温升高可能会给富裕国家带来好处。（2）C.词义猜测题。根据画线词后句asare。以及前文poorwillfaceserious，includingdisappearancewholeandofdeaths.贫穷国家很可能面临非常严重的挑战。可推知。画线词意为"遭遇"。（3）D.细节判断题。根据Theiselsewherein，Africantheincomethanlower.这种影响在其他地方更大，非洲人的平均收入下降了20%以上，布基纳法索（非洲国家）将面临由气候变化引起的重大经济问题。（4）A.主旨大意题。根据Scientistslongthattemperaturesby（气候）willtheinfluencethepoorest，气候变化导致的气温升高将对世界上最贫穷的人产生重大影响，本文主要讲述了气温升高会对贫穷国家造成重大影响。故选A。（5）C.信息来源题。根据Scientistslongthattemperaturesby（气候）willtheinfluencethepoorestresearchsuggestshashappenedtheyears.科学家们早就预测。新的研究表明。本文最有可能来源于一篇研究论文。非选择题部分（共45分）Ⅵ.选词填空（10分）A.阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词填空（每词限用一次）。21．【解答】（1）with.考查介词。根据句意"她梦见她和一个外星人在她的餐厅里吃晚饭。"故填with。（2）all.考查形容词。根据后文thisaplate.Weouron。我们把食物放在上面，Grace在给外星人普及餐桌上的物品作用。allthethings意为"所有的东西"。（3）knife.考查名词。分析句子可判断此处缺名词usetoupfood.我们用它来切食物，这是一把刀，因空格前有冠词a修饰，故填knife。（4）