2024广东大湾区高三联合模拟考试英语试卷试题（答案详解一）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2024届大湾区普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试(一)英语满分120分考试时间120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和准考证号填写在答题卡上,将条形码横贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACritics’choice:Theyear’sbestnovels…1.TheLoveSongsofW.E.B.DuBoisbyHonoréeFanonneJeffers(Harper,$29)Thenovelfromacelebratedpoet,this800workismanythingsatonce:amovingcoming-of-agestory,anexaminationofrace,andanexplorationofAmericanhistory.Outofcuriosityaboutthesecretsinherfamily,AileyuncoversstoriesthattracebacktoherNativeAmerican,Scottish,andenslavedAfrican-Americanancestors.2.MatrixbyLaurenGroff(Knopf,$28)IfMatrixwerewrittenbyanyoneelse,itwouldbeahardsell.ButLaurenGroffhasreimaginedthelifeof12th-centurypoetMariedeFrancesothatwecan’thelpbutstaywiththisroyalcastoffasshe’ssentaway,at17,torunapoorchurch,whichsheeventuallychangesintoashelterforwomenandachallengetothemale-dominatedworld.3.KlaraandtheSunbyKazuoIshiguro(Knopf,$28)Arobotthathasbeenprogrammedtobeasicklyteenager’s“ArtificialFriend,”Klaraservesasoureyesonatroublingnearfutureinwhichtechnologicalprogressispushingmoralboundaries.ButheroutsiderviewallowstheauthorofRemainsoftheDay,nowaNobelPrizewinner,toexplorewhatmakespeopleirreplaceable.4.CloudCuckooLandbyAnthonyDoerr(Scribner,$30)Doerr’sfirstnovelsince2014coversseveralhundredyears—from1453Constantinopletoa22nd-centuryspaceshipescapingfromEarth.Thebookruns640pages,butwithoutawastedword.AsengagingasagreatbedtimestoryandasreadableasHarryPotter,it’saboveallacelebrationofthehumanspiritanditspowertodreamimpossibledreams.1．Whichbookiswrittenbyapoet?A．TheLoveSongsofW.E.B.DuBois. B．Matrix.C．KlaraandtheSun. D．CloudCuckooLand.2．WhatisthecentralthemeexploredinKlaraandtheSun?A．Historicalevents. B．Pursuitofdreams.C．Humanirreplaceability. D．Teenagers’friendship.3．Whatdothefournovelshaveincommon?A．Theyallcoverhundredsofyears. B．Theyareallchosenbycritics.C．Theyarealltheauthor’sfirstnovel. D．Themaincharactersareallhumans.BTheworldofunderwaterslumberisunlikewhatweseeonthesurface.Formammals(哺乳动物),agoodnight’ssleepsendsananimalintoastateofunconsciousness(无知觉)duringhoursofrestorativesleepingthathelpshealthebodyandsolidifymemoriesfirmlyinthemind.Forfish,however,sleepisn’tsuchawell-definedprocess.Instead,manyfishspecieshavetakentospendingshortperiodsinastateofreducedactivityorrestwhilekeepingtheireyesopentoscanthewaterforpotentialthreats.Duringtheseperiodsofreducedactivity,afish’sbodilyfunctionsslowdownanditswatchfulnessdrops.Thebreadthofanimalsintheoceanthatexhibitthistypeofreducedactivityiswide-reaching.Amongthehundredsofthousandsofcreaturesinthesea,somemerelyridealongwiththecurrent,suchasjellyfish.Othersfindrockybedroomsforthenight,whilethosesuchasstingraysburythemselvesinthesandtorest.However,itmustbereallyhardtogetagoodnight’ssleepwhenyoubreatheairbutliveinwater.Thisissomethingthattheworld’sunderwatermammalshavetodealwith.Topreventthemselvesfromdrowning(溺死)intheirsleep,underwatermammalssuchasdolphinsandmanateeshavedevelopedtheabilityto“turnoff”onesideoftheirbraintorest,knownasunihemisphericsleep.Whileonesideisfastasleep,theotherkeepsalltheanimal’svitalfunctionsrunning,suchasbreathing.Manatees,forexample,lovetosleep,spendingupto12hoursadayinadeepslumber.However,asair-breathinganimals,manateesneedtosurfaceevery20minutesorsoforoxygen.Toachievethis,thehalfofthebrainthat’sstillawakesendsthesleepingmanateetothesurfacetogetsomeair.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“slumber”inparagraph1mean?A．Rest. B．Sleep. C．Danger. D．Activity.5．Whyisithardtodefinesleepforfish?A．Becausefishremainpartiallyawake. B．Becausefishneedshortrestingtime.C．Becausefishpossessnoconsciousness. D．Becausefishpretendnottobesleeping.6．Whatisachallengefacedbyunderwatermammals?A．Hidinginsand. B．Ridingthecurrent.C．Findingspotstorest. D．Breathingwhilesleeping.7．Howdomanateesensuretheiroxygensupplyduringsleep?A．Bysleepingless. B．Byadaptingtothesea.C．Bysurfacingperiodically. D．Bycontrollingtheirbreath.CProfessorLumseemstobeunderthespellofChatGPT,butlet’snotgetcarriedawaywiththeAIchatbotcraze.Whileitdoeshavesomebenefits,hisargumentsarelikealeakyboatinastormysea—fullofholes.AccordingtoProfessorLum,ChatGPToffersstudentsawealthofinformation.Sure,it’slikehavingawalkingencyclopedia(百科全书),butlearningisnotaboutcopyingananswer.It’saboutthejourneyofdiscovery.ChatGPT,armedwithitsvastdatabase,deniesstudentstheopportunitytoexploreandlearnthroughtheirownefforts.It’slikeawardingaparticipationmedalforaracethathasn’tevenbegun!HealsoclaimsthatChatGPTimprovescommunicationskills.Seriously?ChattingwithanAIisnotthesameashavingarealconversation.Howcanweexpectstudentstohandlethecomplexitiesoftherealworldifalltheyknowishowtotalktoachatbot?Let’snotturnthemintosociallyawkwardbotsthemselves.Oh,andlet’snotforgetaboutcriticalthinking.ProfessorLumthinksChatGPTchallengesstudentstothinkcritically.Butcomeon,folks!It’smerelyamachine!It’snotgoingtoteachthemhowtoquestionassumptions,analyzeevidence,orcomeupwithinnovativesolutions.Weneedhumaninteractionandlivelydebatesforthat.Lastly,ProfessorLumbelievesChatGPTcanprovidesupportandguidance.Again,seriously?Arewegoingtoreplacehumanemotionswithlinesofcode(代码)?ChatGPTmightoffersomecomfortingwords,butitcan’treplacethewarmthandunderstandingthatcanonlybefoundinhumaninteraction.Letusnotabandonourstudents,leavingthemtofeelmorealoneanddisconnectedthaneverbefore.ProfessorLum’sopinionregardingChatGPTwarnsusagainsttoomuchrelianceontechnology.RatherthanprioritizingChatGPT,thefocusshouldbeondevelopingcriticalthinking,promotinggenuinehumaninteraction,andemphasizingthecoreaspectsofeducation.8．Whatiscomparedtoaparticipationmedalinparagraph2?A．Awalkingencyclopedia. B．Ajourneytoexplore.C．Avastdatabase. D．Ananswer.9．WhatcanbeinferredaboutChatGPTfromparagraphs3~5?A．Itisnotgoodatsocializing. B．Itisaskilledcriticalthinker.C．Itoffersnothinghelpfultohumans. D．Itformsawarmbondwithhumans.10．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsChatGPT?A．Totallynegative. B．Fullysupportive.C．Highlyskeptical. D．Quiteindifferent.11．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tocriticizeaviewpoint. B．Toquestionanauthority.C．Toclarifytwoarguments. D．Tocomparetwochatbots.DIftherewasanapponyourphonethatclaimedtoimproveyourmemory,wouldyoubewillingtotryit?It’shardtoresisttheideaofhavingabettermemory.Afterall,ourmemoriesaredelicateandcanbeaffectedbyvariousfactorssuchasdiseases,injuries,mentalhealthconditions,andaging.Inresponsetothisperceivedneed,thebraintrainingindustryhasgrownrapidly,offeringawiderangeofaccessibleandaffordablementalexercisesthroughsmartphoneandtabletapps.Manyresearchershavefoundevidencesuggestingthatwell-designedexercisescanimprovementalabilitiesandevenleadtobetterscoresonIQtests.Theycomparethebraintomuscles,suggestingthattargetedrepetitionofmemoryexercisescanstrengthenandconditionourmemoryprocesses,similartohowathletesengageinstrengthandconditioningbyrepeatedlyexercisingspecificmusclegroups.Incontrasttoeverydayactivitieslikereadingadetailedarticleorsolvingacomplexpuzzle,memorytrainingappsarespecificallydesignedtoprovideamorechallengingworkoutforthebrain.Theseappstypicallyinvolvetasksthatrequiretrackingalargenumberofobjectswhilebeingdistractedbyasecondarytask,suchasmentalcalculationsorexploringagame’slandscape.Ifthisbraintrainingproveseffective,itcouldbebeneficialforindividualswithbrain-relateddisabilitiesorthoserecoveringfromconditionslikecancer.Critics,though,arguethatwhiletheconceptisappealing,theoverallevidencefailstodemonstratesignificantimprovementincorebrainprocesses.Additionally,despitetheclaimsmadebymanyappsandbraintrainingcompanies,scientistshaveyettoidentifythekeyfactorsthatmakeaninterventiontrulyeffectiveordeterminethebestapproachestoaddressthediverseneedsofindividualsseekinghelp.Whilethequestionisstillopentodebate,thereisevidencesuggestingthatshort-termworkingmemorytrainingcanbenefithigh-functioningindividuals,suchascollegestudents.However,it’simportanttonotethatbraintraining,likedietandexercise,isunlikelytohaveidenticaleffectsoneveryindividual.12．Inwhatwayisthebrainsimilartomusclesaccordingtomanyresearchers?A．Intestingresults. B．Inworkprocesses.C．Inbodilyfunctions. D．Intrainingmethods.13．Whatisthemainfeatureofthetypicaltasksinmemorytrainingapps?A．Detailed. B．Effective. C．Demanding. D．Complicated.14．Whatdocriticsthinkmemorytrainingappslack?A．Legalclaims. B．Proveneffects. C．Tailoredservices. D．Appealingconcepts.15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Canourmemorybeimproved?B．Doesbraintrainingactuallywork?C．Whathavescientistsfoundaboutmemory?D．Whatdoesthebraintrainingindustrybring?第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thesenioryearofhighschoolcanbearollercoasterrideofemotionsasyoustartthejourneytowardscollegeandadulthood.16,butitcanalsobestressful.However,withtherightstressmanagementstrategies,youcannegotiatethisimportantyearwithconfidenceandsuccess.17.Createadetailedtimelineforexamsandotherimportantlearningtasks.Breakdownthesetasksintosmaller,manageablesteps,andtacklethemoneatatime.Byhavingaclearroadmapinplace,youcanavoidthefearedlast-minutepanicandstayontopofyourstudies.Moreover,takecareofyourphysicalandmentalwell-being.18.Engageinactivitiesyouenjoy,whetherit’splayingamusicalinstrumentorsimplyspendingtimewithfriends.Takingcareofyourselfwillhelpyoustayfocused,energized,andreadytotackleanychallengesthatcomeyourway.Remember,you’renotaloneonthisjourney.Reachoutforsupportwheneveryouneedit.Whetherit’sseekingguidancefromteachersorleaningonyourclassmatesforemotionalsupport,don’thesitatetoaskforhelp.19.Finally,maintainapositivemindsetthroughouttheyear.Surroundyourselfwithsupportivefriendsandfamilywhobelieveinyouandyourabilities.20.Rememberthatsetbacksareanaturalpartoftheprocessandusethemasopportunitiestolearnandgrow.Thesenioryearofhighschoolcanbeamixofemotions,butbyadoptingthesestrategies,youcanmakethemostofitandsetyourselfupforsuccessasyouventureintothenextchapterofyourlife.A．AlwayssticktothemainroadB．Tostartwith,it’scrucialtoplanaheadC．YoumayfindthemdisappointingsometimesD．Celebrateyourachievements,nomatterhowsmallE．It’sanexcitingtimefilledwithdreamsandpossibilitiesF．TheycanlendalisteningearandprovideinvaluableadviceG．Getenoughsleep,eatnutritiousmeals,andexerciseregularly第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fromtheageofeight,IattendedalittleboardingschoolontheDerbyshire-Staffordshireborder.OnSundayafternoons,the21wouldleaveustowandertheedgeofthegroundswhereweweresupposedto22timechattingorplayingsportsbutmy23wastoclimboverthefencesanddisappearintothelandscape.Often,muchtotheteachers’annoyance,nooneknewwhereto24me.Thatwasthepoint.Towalktoa(n)25placeand,foramoment,feeltheworldassomethingnewbroughtwithitafeelingIwoulddesire.Thehabit26withme.Bymymid-20s,Iwasa27walker.Walkingbecameawayoflifethat,28,gaveshapetoawanderingdecadeandIwouldeasemyselfintonew29theworldoverbysettingoutonfoottoget30andthenfindmyselfagaininthebackstreetsofAhmedabadorIsfhanan,RamallahorBari.NowIhaveestablishedmyhomeinthelandscapeofDevon.Here,walking31meandmydogDharmaasanessentialdailypractice.Theworldoutsideourfrontdoorisan32thetiring,routineaspectsofourlives.It’saplacewherewewatchtheseasonschangeand33themovementofthesunandthelightaroundthemoon.Wewalkthesame34,dayafterday,buteveryminuteofeveryhourcanfeellike35.21．A．rescuers B．parents C．teachers D．artists22．A．record B．waste C．save D．pass23．A．job B．habit C．ambition D．response24．A．find B．catch C．meet D．put25．A．bare B．solid C．illegal D．unfamiliar26．A．conflicted B．changed C．stuck D．started27．A．tired B．gifted C．committed D．complicated28．A．inturn B．infact C．inparticular D．inaddition29．A．apartments B．locations C．opportunities D．challenges30．A．involved B．engaged C．paid D．lost31．A．accepts B．serves C．treats D．strikes32．A．influenceon B．escapefrom C．interestin D．entryto33．A．block B．control C．adjust D．sense34．A．direction B．speed C．path D．campus35．A．new B．free C．real D．complete第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheDragonBoatFestival,alsoknownastheDuanwuFestival,isatraditionalChineseholidaycelebratednationwide36(remember)QuYuan,oneofthegreatestpoetsofancientChinaandthe37(early)knownbyname.WhenQuYuanjumpedintoariveroutofloveforhiscountryin278BC,people38(desperate)rowedoutinboatstosearchforhim.ThisinspiredtheDragonBoatFestival,whichtakesplaceeachyearonthefifthdayofthefifthmonthoftheChinesecalendar,39daywhenQuYuandied.FestivitiesvaryindifferentpartsofChina,40theyshareseveraltraditions,dragonboatracingincluded.Rowerssitinlargedragon-shapedboatsandrowthem41thebeatofadrum(鼓),whichisusuallyplayedbysomeone42(seat)atthefrontoftheboat.Anotherfeatureofthecelebrationsisapopularsnackcalledzongzior43(stick)ricedumplings.Itisbelievedthatzongzi,whichrepresentgoodluck,44(throw)intotherivertostopfisheatingQuYuan’sbody.InsomepartsofChina,mugwort(艾草)leavescanbeseen45(hang)ondoorsorwindowsduringtheDragonBoatFestivaltodiscourageinsectsfromenteringthehouse.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46．假定你是李华。请给你的外国朋友Ryan写一封信，分享你最近的一次家务劳动经历。内容包括：1.劳动过程；2.劳动感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearRyan,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ihopetohearfromyousoon.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AlexsatquietlyatthebackofhisChineseclass,hiseyesfixedonthetextbookbeforehim.Asashyandunnoticedstudent,hefeltlikealonewolf,strugglingagainstthecomplexitiesofhighschoollife.MsLau,hisChineseteacher,wasalightinhisotherwisedarkworld.Herwarmsmileandgentlebehaviormadeherstandoutamongtheseaofteachers.Shewastheonlyonewhoseemedtounderstandhisconservativenature,alwaysencouraginghimtostepoutofhiscomfortzone.Oneday,afterclass,MsLauapproachedAlexwithexcitementshininginhereyes.“Alex,Ihaveanofferforyou,”shesaid,hervoicefilledwithenthusiasm.“IamorganizingaculturalexchangeprogramtoChina,andIbelieveitwouldbeagreatopportunityforyoutoexploreanewworld.”Alex’sheartskippedabeat,theprospectoftravelingtoaforeigncountrybothexcitingandterrifying.Hehesitated,unsureifhehadthecouragetostartsuchanadventure.ButMsLau’sfirmbeliefinhimgavehimthepushheneededtotakealeapoffaith.UnderMsLau’sguidance,Alexbeganpreparingforthetrip.HegotreallyinterestedinChinesecultureandlearnedaboutitslonghistoryandtraditions.MsLaubecamehismentor(导师),teachinghimnotonlythelanguagebutalsoinvaluablelifelessons.Shetaughthimtheimportanceofbeingconfidentandnotgivingup,remindinghimthatgrowthonlyhappensoutsideone’scomfortzone.Thedayofdeparturearrived,andAlexfoundhimselfonaplaneheadedforChina.Hecouldn’thelpbutfeelamazedashesteppedofftheplaneandintoaworldsodifferentfromhisown.Thebusystreets,brightcolors,andunfamiliarsoundsfloodedhissenses.Yet,MsLau’scomfortingpresencebyhissideprovidedhimwiththestrengthtofacetheunknown.注意：1.续写词数应为150词左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DuringtheirtimeinChina,Alexwholeheartedlyenjoyedtheexperience.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________BackintheUnitedStates,Alexwasachangedperson.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．A2．C3．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部被评论家认为是年度最佳的小说。1．细节理解题。根据TheLoveSongsofW.E.B.DuBois中“Thenovelfromacelebratedpoet(这是一位著名诗人写的小说)”可知，这部作品是由诗人创作的。故选A项。2．细节理解题。根据KlaraandtheSun中“ButheroutsiderviewallowstheauthorofRemainsoftheDay,nowaNobelPrizewinner,toexplorewhatmakespeopleirreplaceable.(但她的局外人视角让《长日将尽》的作者，现在的诺贝尔奖得主，去探索是什么让人不可替代)”可知，这部作品探讨的核心主题是人的不可替代性。故选C项。3．细节理解题。根据标题“Critics’choice:Theyear’sbestnovels…(评论家之选：本年度最佳小说……)”可知，这四部作品都是由评论家挑选的。故选B项。4．B5．A6．D7．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋动物不同于陆地动物的睡眠方式，鱼类保持部分警觉，眼睛睁着休息，很多动物也会减少活动达到休息的目的，而海豚、海牛等哺乳动物在水下睡觉时仅会关闭大脑的一侧，以保持呼吸。4．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下文“Formammals(哺乳动物),agoodnight’ssleepsendsananimalintoastateofunconsciousness(无知觉)duringhoursofrestorativesleepingthathelpshealthebodyandsolidifymemoriesfirmlyinthemind.Forfish,however,sleepisn’tsuchawell-definedprocess.(对于哺乳动物来说，晚上睡个好觉会让它们在恢复性睡眠的几个小时内进入无意识状态，这有助于治愈身体，并在大脑中牢固地巩固记忆。然而，对于鱼类来说，睡眠并不是一个定义明确的过程)”可知，此处是对比海洋生物和陆地上哺乳动物的睡眠情况，画线词所在句的意思应该是“水下睡眠的世界与我们在水面上看到的不同”，slumber意思应该是“睡眠”，与sleep意思相近。故选B项。5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Forfish,however,sleepisn’tsuchawell-definedprocess.Instead,manyfishspecieshavetakentospendingshortperiodsinastateofreducedactivityorrestwhilekeepingtheireyesopentoscanthewaterforpotentialthreats.(然而，对于鱼类来说，睡眠并不是一个定义明确的过程。相反，许多鱼类会在短时间内减少活动或休息，同时睁大眼睛扫视水中潜在的威胁)”可知，鱼类很难定义睡眠的原因是它们会保持部分清醒。故选A项。6．细节理解题。根据第二段中“However,itmustbereallyhardtogetagoodnight’ssleepwhenyoubreatheairbutliveinwater.Thisissomethingthattheworld’sunderwatermammalshavetodealwith.(然而，当你呼吸空气却生活在水中时，你一定很难睡个好觉。这是世界上的水下哺乳动物不得不面对的问题)”可知，水下哺乳动物面对的挑战是在睡觉的同时进行呼吸。故选D项。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However,asair-breathinganimals,manateesneedtosurfaceevery20minutesorsoforoxygen.Toachievethis,thehalfofthebrainthat’sstillawakesendsthesleepingmanateetothesurfacetogetsomeair.(然而，作为呼吸空气的动物，海牛需要每20分钟左右浮出水面吸氧。为了达到这个目的，仍然清醒的那一半大脑会把睡着的海牛送到水面上呼吸一些空气)”可知，海牛通过定期浮出水面来证睡眠时的氧气供应。故选C项。8．D9．A10．C11．A【分析】文章是说明文。介绍了Lum教授似乎被ChatGPT迷住了，认为ChatGPT有非常多的优点，但是作者提醒不能过多依赖技术，应把重点放在发展批判性思维、促进真正的人际互动和强调教育的核心方面。8．细节理解题。文章第二段第二句“Sure,it’slikehavingawalkingencyclopedia(百科全书),butlearningisnotaboutcopyingananswer.”(当然，这就像有一本活百科全书,但学习并不是复制答案。)和文章第二段第四句“ChatGPT,armedwithitsvastdatabase,deniesstudentstheopportunitytoexploreandlearnthroughtheirownefforts.”(拥有庞大数据库的ChatGPT剥夺了学生通过自己的努力探索和学习的机会。)可知，ChatGPT为学生提供了丰富的信息，但是同时也剥夺了孩子自努力探索学习的机会，答案都是直接获得。就好比比赛还未开始就颁发了参赛奖牌，所以此处参赛奖牌指的是学习之旅还未开始就提供了答案。故选D项。9．推理判断题。文章第三段“ChattingwithanAIisnotthesameashavingarealconversation.Howcanweexpectstudentstohandlethecomplexitiesoftherealworldifalltheyknowishowtotalktoachatbot?Let’snotturnthemintosociallyawkwardbotsthemselves.”(与人工智能聊天并不等同于进行真正的对话。如果学生只知道如何与聊天机器人交谈，我们怎么能指望他们处理现实世界的复杂性？我们不要把他们自己变成社交尴尬的机器人。)文章第四段“It’smerelyamachine!It’snotgoingtoteachthemhowtoquestionassumptions,analyzeevidence,orcomeupwithinnovativesolutions.Weneedhumaninteractionandlivelydebatesforthat.”(这只是一台机器！它不会教他们如何质疑假设、分析证据或提出创新的解决方案。为此，我们需要人与人之间的互动和激烈的辩论。)和文章第五段“ChatGPTmightoffersomecomfortingwords,butitcan’treplacethewarmthandunderstandingthatcanonlybefoundinhumaninteraction.”(ChatGPT可能会提供一些安慰的话语，但它无法取代只有在人类互动中才能找到的温暖和理解。)可知，作者针对Lum教授提出的关于ChatGPT在与人交往方面的优点都提出了反驳。认为ChatGPT无法实现真正人与人之间的互动和交流，也无法取代只有在人类社交互动中才能找到的温暖和理解。所以可推测ChatGPT不善于人际交往。故选A项。10．推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“Whileitdoeshavesomebenefits,hisargumentsarelikealeakyboatinastormysea-fullofholes.”(虽然这确实有一些好处，但他的论点就像暴风雨中漏洞百出的船。)可知，作者认为ChatGPT确实存在一些优点，但对于Lum教授认为ChatGPT可以提升交际技能，培养批判性思维和提供支持和指导作者持不赞成和怀疑态度。故填C项。11．推理判断题。根据第一段“ProfessorLumseemstobeunderthespellofChatGPT,butlet’snotgetcarriedawaywiththeAIchatbotcraze.Whileitdoeshavesomebenefits,hisargumentsarelikealeakyboatinastormysea-fullofholes.”(Lum教授似乎被ChatGPT迷住了，但我们不要被人工智能聊天机器人的热潮冲昏头脑。虽然这确实有一些好处，但他的论点就像暴风雨中漏洞百出的船。)和最后一段“ProfessorLum’sopinionregardingChatGPTwarnsusagainsttoomuchrelianceontechnology.RatherthanprioritizingChatGPT,thefocusshouldbeondevelopingcriticalthinking,promotinggenuinehumaninteraction,andemphasizingthecoreaspectsofeducation.”(Lum教授关于ChatGPT的观点警告我们不要过度依赖技术。与其优先考虑ChatGPT，不如把重点放在发展批判性思维、促进真正的人际互动和强调教育的核心方面。)可知，作者针对Lum教授的观点提出了反驳。作者认为不要过度依赖技术，应把重点放在发展批判性思维、促进真正的人际互动和强调教育的核心方面。故选A项。12．D13．C14．B15．B【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了许多研究者认为经过良好设计的大脑练习能够改善记忆力，但批评者则对这些应用程序的有效性表示怀疑，值得注意的是，虽然有证据显示短期记忆训练对高功能人群有益，但大脑训练并不是对每个人都有效。12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theycomparethebraintomuscles,suggestingthattargetedrepetitionofmemoryexercisescanstrengthenandconditionourmemoryprocesses,similartohowathletesengageinstrengthandconditioningbyrepeatedlyexercisingspecificmusclegroups.(他们将大脑类比于肌肉，表明有针对性的重复记忆练习可以加强和调节我们的记忆过程，类似于运动员通过反复锻炼特定肌肉群来增强力量和调节能力)”可知，许多研究者认为大脑类似于肌肉，也可以通过重复的练习来得到加强和调节，即训练方法相似。故选D项。13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Incontrasttoeverydayactivitieslikereadingadetailedarticleorsolvingacomplexpuzzle,memorytrainingappsarespecificallydesignedtoprovideamorechallengingworkoutforthebrain.Theseappstypicallyinvolvetasksthatrequiretrackingalargenumberofobjectswhilebeingdistractedbyasecondarytask,suchasmentalcalculationsorexploringagame’slandscape.(与阅读一篇详细的文章或解决一个复杂的谜题等日常活动不同，记忆训练应用程序是专门为大脑提供更具挑战性的锻炼而设计的。这些应用通常涉及需要跟踪大量对象的任务，同时被次要任务分散注意力，例如心算或探索游戏景观)”可知，记忆训练应用程序中典型任务的主要特点是具有挑战性，非常苛刻。故选C项。14．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Critics,though,arguethatwhiletheconceptisappealing,theoverallevidencefailstodemonstratesignificantimprovementincorebrainprocesses.(然而，批评者认为，尽管这个概念很吸引人，但总体证据未能证明大脑核心过程有显著改善)”可知，批评者认为记忆训练应用程序缺乏经过证实的效果。故选B项。15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章的话题是通过手机应用程序进行大脑训练以提高记忆力，许多研究者认为经过良好设计的大脑练习能够改善记忆力，但批评者则对这些应用程序的有效性表示怀疑，值得注意的是，虽然有证据显示短期记忆训练对高功能人群有益，但大脑训练并不是对每个人都有效。因此，B项“大脑训练真的有效吗？”契合文章主旨，最适合作为标题。故选B项。16．E17．B18．G19．F20．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为高三的学生介绍了如何有效地管理和减轻这一年可能面临的压力。16．前文“Thesenioryearofhighschoolcanbearollercoasterrideofemotionsasyoustartthejourneytowardscollegeandadulthood.(随着你开始迈向大学和成年的旅程，高中的最后一年可能是一次情绪的过山车)”说明学生在高中的最后一年情绪起伏会很大，后文“butitcanalsobestressful(但它也会带来压力)”说明会有压力，结合but可知空处内容与下文形成转折，指出这段时间是令人开心的，因此E项“It’sanexcitingtimefilledwithdreamsandpossibilities(这是一个充满梦想和可能性的激动人心的时刻)”符合语境，说明会有激动人心的感受，承接前文，和后文构成转折，其中的It指代前文的Thesenioryearofhighschool。故选E。17．空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。根据后文“Createadetailedtimelineforexamsandotherimportantlearningtasks.Breakdownthesetasksintosmaller,manageablesteps,andtacklethemoneatatime.(为考试和其他重要的学习任务制定详细的时间表。把这些任务分解成更小的、易于管理的步骤，然后一次一个地解决它们)”可知，本段主要建议制定计划，分步骤完成，因此B项“Tostartwith,it’scrucialtoplanahead(首先，提前计划是至关重要的)”符合语境，强调计划的重要性，契合后文内容。故选B。18．前文“Moreover,takecareofyourphysicalandmentalwell-being.(此外，照顾好你的身心健康)”建议注意身心健康，后文“Engageinactivitiesyouenjoy,whetherit’splayingamusicalinstrumentorsimplyspendingtimewithfriends.(从事你喜欢的活动，无论是演奏乐器还是只是和朋友呆在一起)”给出具体的注意心理健康的做法，因此G项“Getenoughsleep,eatnutritiousmeals,andexerciseregularly(保证充足的睡眠，吃有营养的食物，经常锻炼)”符合语境，给出具体的注意身体健康的做法，承接前文，和后一句是平行关系。故选G。19．前文“Reachoutforsupportwheneveryouneedit.Whetherit’sseekingguidancefromteachersorleaningonyourclassmatesforemotionalsupport,don’thesitatetoaskforhelp.(在你需要帮助的时候寻求帮助。无论是向老师寻求指导，还是向同学寻求情感支持，都要毫不犹豫地寻求帮助)”鼓励在需要帮助的时候向身边的人寻求帮助，因此F项“Theycanlendalisteningearandprovideinvaluableadvice(他们可以倾听并提供宝贵的建议)”符合语境，介绍这些人可以提供的帮助，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的teachers和yourclassmates。故选F。20．前文“Finally,maintainapositivemindsetthroughouttheyear.Surroundyourselfwithsupportivefriendsandfamilywhobelieveinyouandyourabilities.(最后，全年保持积极的心态。和支持你的朋友和家人在一起，他们相信你和你的能力)”建议保持积极的心态，和相信自己的人待在一起，后文“Rememberthatsetbacksareanaturalpartoftheprocessandusethemasopportunitiestolearnandgrow.(记住，挫折是过程中很自然的一部分，把它们当作学习和成长的机会)”提醒对待挫折的方法，因此D项“Celebrateyourachievements,nomatterhowsmall(庆祝你的成就，不管多小)”符合语境，说明对待成就的方法，承接前文，引出后文，其中的achievements和后文的setbacks呼应。故选D。21．C22．D23