专题二 七选五-2024五年高考题分类训练（英语）

第1页专题二七选五题组一Passage1[2023新课标卷Ⅰ,12.5分]PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon'tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr（犯错）ishuman.1DYoucanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading"Personalstrengths."2BAreyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou'reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading"Actsofkindness."Onthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou'vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.3FYoucouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.4CThatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don'twaituntilyou'vemadeamistaketotrythis—it'sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It'ssomethingofacliché（陈词滥调）thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it'strue.5GWe'reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat'shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.1.D[解析]本文的主题是自我原谅，空前两句和空后一句都没有提到forgiveness，再结合空后的"helpyoudothis"和下文的内容可知，空处一定会提到forgiveness及它的重要性。故选D项。2.B[解析]根据空前的"Personalstrengths"和空后的例子可知，B项"现在列出所有你喜欢的关于你自己的特点"承上启下，符合逻辑。3.F[解析]空前讲述了列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情，F项"不管是什么事，不管它看起来可能有多小，把它写下来"总结上文，符合逻辑。4.C[解析]空前讲述了你可以让朋友或家人帮你往列表添加东西，C项"他们甚至可能想尝试这样做"承接上文。C项中的They指代前面的"afriendorfamilymember"。5.G[解析]根据空后的内容可知，我们都在改变并一直在学习。G项中的"itisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality"和空后的"We'reallchanging"形成对比。解读：本文介绍了自我原谅的一些具体方法。自我原谅的具体方法包括罗列个人优点、列举自己帮助别人的事迹和让别人帮你指出优点。Passage2[2023新课标卷Ⅱ,12.5分]Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia,I'moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately,thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember,though,whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI'veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.●Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook（素描本）forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.1CYou'llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou'vecome.●Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There'snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.2G●Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.3AArtisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub;we'veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.●4DSeekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback（反馈）iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.Thejourneyyou'reonwon'tfollowastraightpath.5EPushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.A.Getoutofyourcomfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don'tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E.You'llhitroadblocks,andyou'llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You'lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.1.C[解析]空后一句讲到了"You'llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou'vecome"（你会想要回顾自己的旅程，看看自己已经走了多远），因此空处应该会做一个关于"看什么来回顾"的铺垫，C项中的"yourbeginnerart"可以帮助你看到自己从开始到现在走了多远，故C项符合语境。2.G[解析]空处位于本段的结尾，空前一句讲到了"Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible"（无论你是画静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能多地写生），G项"你将培养出只有重复才能得到的绘画肌肉记忆"讲到这样做的目的和好处，承接上文，符合语境。3.A[解析]根据本段的主旨句"Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew"可知，本段主要围绕"不断挑战自我去尝试新事物"展开，且空后讲到了"Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful"（艺术之旅的成长有时会有些令人痛苦），A项"走出你的舒适区"符合语境，且能引出下文，故选A项。4.D[解析]结合本空的位置可知，本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的"Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback（反馈）iscrucial...Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected"可知，本段讲到了可以利用社交媒体寻求建设性的反馈以及这样做的好处，故D项"分享你的作品，如果这样做让你觉得舒服"适合作本段的主旨句。5.E[解析]空前一句讲到了"Thejourneyyou'reonwon'tfollowastraightpath"（你的旅途不会一路平坦），而空后讲到了"Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort"（坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力），这是面对困境时的做法，因此空处应承接上一句，讲到旅途中的困难，故E项"你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到沮丧"符合语境。解读：本文作者是一个艺术家，作者以第一人称的口吻向自己的粉丝传授初学者开启艺术之旅的一些技巧和建议。【核心词汇】puttogether汇集，组织springboardn.（使某事得以开始的）跳板，助推因素lookbackon回顾，回忆continuallyadv.不断地，频繁地takeonchallenges接受挑战becrucialto对……至关重要inturn相应地Passage3[2023全国卷乙,10分]Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.1B,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople'swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood（心情），reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What'smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants？Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies（物种）arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.2DWhyareindoorplantsgoodforyou？WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,"3C.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood."Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.4EWhichplantscanyougrow？Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants."5G,"Spoelstrasays."Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople'slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature."A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding1.B[解析]空后表明室内绿植还可以通过改善心情、减轻压力、增进记忆力来提升人们的幸福感，且空后的but与B项中的Notonly在意思上构成递进关系。故选B。2.D[解析]上文说在英国许多这样的物种不适宜在室外生长，特别是在冬季，和D项"相反，它们在室内更温暖的地方长势更好"构成转折关系。故选D。3.C[解析]根据本段小标题和本段内容可知，该段主要讲述了室内种植绿植有许多好处，此处引用别人的话也应呼应这一主题。故选C。4.E[解析]空格位于段尾，与上文存在例证关系，上文说盆栽可以通过消除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气，还可以消除一些来自油漆或烹饪的有害化学物质。E项列举了此类盆栽中两个最好的例子：和平百合和绿萝，符合语境。5.G[解析]空后It指代该空内容，说明这样做可以给人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点并帮助人们增强家与自然的联系。故G项"了解每种植物的习性会很有益处"符合语境。解读：室内绿植不仅可以净化空气，还可以改善人们的心情、减轻压力和增进记忆力。【核心词汇】indooradj.室内的promotev.促进，提升wellbeingn.幸福ideallyadv.完美地，绝好地题组二Passage1[2023全国卷甲,10分]TricksToBecomingAMorePatientPersonHere'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There'soneanswer:1GIntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.●Practicegratitude（感激）Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.2E."Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,"saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.●MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification（满足）mayseemlikethemost"feelgood"optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.3B.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations.●4CSomanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,"5F."You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG.They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience1.G[解析]根据空前的"There'soneanswer"可知，本空要回答前面的问题"Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?"（交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处呢？）。根据文章标题"TricksToBecomingAMorePatientPerson"和常识可知，这三种情况都需要人们多点耐心，故G项符合语境。2.E[解析]本段第一句讲到了"Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits"（感恩有很多好处），空前讲到了一些好处"itmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic"（它让我们更快乐、压力更小，甚至更乐观），因此，空处讲到的应该还是好处，且涉及主题"耐心"，故E项"它也可以帮助我们练习更耐心"符合语境，E项中的also与上句形成了递进关系。3.B[解析]根据空前的"theonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice"（我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习）可知，空处讲到的应该是如何练习，结合空后的"Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake"（把看你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末，或者多等10分钟再去吃那个蛋糕）可知，此处讲到的都是一些细小的事情。B项"从小任务开始"承上启下，故B项符合语境。4.C[解析]本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的"whenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances"（当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对状况感到不耐烦）可知，本段主要围绕如何在不舒服的情况下培养耐心展开，故C项"接受不舒服"适合作本段的主旨句。5.F[解析]本段主要讲到了"接受不舒服"，因此，空处讲到的也是在不舒服的情况下，自己可以给自己的心理暗示，故F项"Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerable"（这只是令人不舒服，并不是让人无法忍受）符合语境，且能引出下文"You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient"（然后，你就会逐渐变得更加有耐心）。解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了变耐心的一些方法。【核心词汇】riddlen.谜，无法解释的情况havesth.atone'sfingertips有……随时可供使用fosterv.促进，助长，培养，鼓励inthelongrun从长远来看getintothehabitof养成……的习惯Passage2[2023浙江1月，12.5分]Withgaspricesrisingandairportsecuritylinessnakinglongerthanever,whynotbookyournextdomesticvacationonatrain?Comparedtootheralternatives,it'scomfortableandrelaxing.Hereissomeadviceonhowtomakeatripbyrailaspleasantaspossible.Planahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutveryquickly.1DButnomatterwhenyoutravel,it'sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.Useatravelagent.Considerturningyourtravelplanovertoatravelagentandlettinghimdouble-checkallthedetails,makesuggestions,andthenhandletheactualreservations.Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.2GThenyouwon'thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.Bringablanket.Whenyou'reridingontrains,youwon'tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.3CInthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.Arriveearly.Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.4ENote:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.Havefun.5AReadabook,knit,doacrosswordpuzzle,orsimplywatchtheworldunfoldoutsidethewindow.Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600（thenumberofsecondsinanhour）bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile（thedistancebetweentwomileposts）.Ifittakesthetrain53secondstotravelonemile,you'regoing67.92mph.A.Traintripsaren'tforimpatienttypes.B.You'llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C.Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D.That'sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E.Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F.Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G.Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat'srightnexttothediner.1.D[解析]分析语境寻线索：空前的句子提供的信息是"大多数长途火车票，尤其是卧铺票，很快就会卖完"→对比选项定答案：D项"夏天旺季的时候尤其如此"符合语境。解题时，可以着重关注选项中的代词That和空后一句中的连词But，以帮助厘清段落中的逻辑。2.G[解析]空前的句子主要陈述代理人能给旅行者带来的好处：可以帮忙订到打折票。选项G则陈述了另外一个好处：可以帮忙订到离就餐车厢近的卧铺车厢。而空后的句子是对选项G的进一步补充：这样的话，你就不需要在移动的火车上每天三次穿过几节车厢去就餐。解题时，可以着重关注选项中的副词also和空后一句中的副词Then，以帮助厘清段落中的逻辑。3.C[解析]从空后句子中的"inparticular"可以看出，这句话是对空处的进一步解释。选项C"车厢中的温度经常很难控制"和空后的句子"尤其是夏天，空调会使车厢变得很冷"在逻辑上吻合。4.E[解析]空前的句子提供的信息是"大多数火车一天只有一个班次，甚至有的火车一周只有三个班次，所以错过你的班次简直是一种灾难"，选项E"如果要坐下一班次的车，你可能得等超过24小时"是对空前句子的进一步解释。5.A[解析]空后的句子罗列了一些在火车上可以做的事情，比如读书、编织、做填字游戏、看窗外的风景，甚至计算火车的速度，这些都是需要耐心的活动，所以空处应该起到引出这些活动的作用。A项"火车旅行不适合没耐心的人"可以很好地实现这一功能。【易错点拨】本题的干扰项是B项，B项主要的问题是无法和后面的"Readabook,knit,doacrosswordpuzzle"进行衔接。解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些使火车旅行更舒适的建议。【核心词汇】domesticadj.国内的alternativen.可供选择的事物reservationn.预订turnsth.overtosb.把……移交给（他人管理）discountv.打折扣unfoldv.展现，呈现；展开【熟词新义】snake常用义：n.蛇本文义：v.蜿蜒前进Passage3[2022新高考卷Ⅰ，12.5分]FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled"FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner."Onereasonwas:"You'llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,"whileanotherread:"1C"Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle（微妙）competition.So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.2DOrdoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon'tresultinausefulresponse.3BIfyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.4GYouandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.5FOvertime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore（核心）ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood"seekingatrainingpartner"notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.1.C[解析]根据空后一句"有一个运动伙伴，你将会训练得更努力，因为你们之间有一种微妙的竞争"可知，C项"如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力"符合语境。空后一句中的"youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffort"与C项中的"You'llworkharder"语义一致。故选C。2.D[解析]由空后的问句及连词Or可知，空处也应用一般疑问句，询问你的锻炼需求，与空前一句中的"decidewhatyouwant"呼应。【技巧点拨】根据句式结构解题。D项中的"Doyouwanttobe"与空后的"Ordoyoujustwanttobe"在行文逻辑和语言结构方面都非常契合。3.B[解析]根据空后一句"如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人（你的伙伴）一定得是同一个健身房的"可知，空处内容应该与运动伙伴所在的位置有关。由此可知，B项"运动伙伴通常需要住在附近"符合语境，故选B。4.G[解析]空前介绍了作者的运动伙伴发布的寻找运动伙伴的通知的内容，故空处也应与帖子内容有关。G项"任何寻找训练伙伴的通知都应包括这些信息"符合语境，故选G。【技巧点拨】空处位于段尾，一般具有总结和归纳的作用。G项是对这类通知所包含信息的归纳和概括，并起到强调作用。5.F[解析]根据空前"你和你的伙伴可能有不同的技能"可推知，F项"接受你和运动伙伴之间的不同之处，学会合作"符合语境，F项中的"differences"对应空前的"different"，故选F。解读：本文主要讲述了人们与同伴一起运动的诸多好处，以及如何才能找到一个好的运动伙伴。【核心词汇】fitnessn.健康showup露面，出现physicallyadv.身体上flexibilityn.灵活性sessionn.一段时间，一节closeby在不远处，在近旁【熟词新义】1.run常用义：v.跑本文义：v.发表，刊登2.title常用义：n.标题本文义：v.加标题3.list常用义：n.列表，清单本文义：v.列出题组三Passage1[2022新高考卷Ⅱ，12.5分]Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.1DWhenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.2BDon'tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon'tworkforeveryone,ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.3EYet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled（弄皱）paper.Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle—aspartofanexploration,notasacompletehighway.Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple-spaced（三倍行距）copytoallowspaceforrevision.4FAsaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks（大块）oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.5GTheresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.A.Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B.Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C.Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D.Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E.Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F.Manybeginningwritersdon'tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.1.D[解析]根据空后内容可知，当你第一次想写一篇文章时，不间断地写10或15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。由此可知，本段主要讲的技巧是要学会不间断地写。再结合空处所在位置可推知，空处是本段的主题句，故D项符合语境。【技巧点拨】从文章结构入手快速解题。本文为"总—分"结构，第一段提出"learntopracticethreesimpletechniques"，第二段至第四段分别讲述了三个技巧，D项中的"Firstofall"与第三段开头的"Thenexttechnique"和第四段开头的"Thethirdtechnique"相呼应。同时利用"nonstop"这一关键词的复现也可快速解题。2.B[解析]根据空前的"Staylooseandfree"和空后的"Don'tworryaboutgrammarorspelling"可知，空处应说按自己心里想的内容写，自由发挥，故B项符合语境。3.E[解析]根据空前内容可知，下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。根据空后内容可知，通过学习与不完美共存，你将不会头痛，也不会有一个装满皱巴巴纸张的废纸篓。E项中的"gettheirdraftsright"和上文的"perfect"呼应，说明很多人想第一次就写好，但这是很难的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E项承上启下，符合语境。4.F[解析]根据空前内容可知，第三种方法是尝试打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。F项中的"revise"和前面的"revision"呼应，"Manybeginningwriters"和下文的"thesewriters"呼应，且F项指出了许多新手写作者不留足够修改空间的做法，空后一句就说明了这种不良做法的结果。故选F。5.G[解析]根据空前内容可知，修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续用后，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。而空后讲到，由此产生的空白允许你修改。因此空处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G项提到了输入到文字处理器后的做法，其中的"triple-space"和下文的"Theresultingblankspace"呼应，故选G项。解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。【核心词汇】imperfectionn.不完美revisionn.修改，修订getinthehabitof养成……习惯crossout删掉【熟词新义】loose常用义：adj.松动的本文义：adj.不受束缚的Passage2[2022全国卷乙，10分]Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain（保持）long-distancefriendships.·SetaregulardateLong-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact（联系）andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules，squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.1D·Moreisn'talwaysmerrierMakesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.2E.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication，suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.·Practiseempathy（共情）3G.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.·4AAnniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible，extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends'birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.·Don'trelyontechnologyalone5F，butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.CompensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind1.D[解析]空前提到双方忙碌，可能会难以找到时间打电话。根据该段小标题"Setaregulardate"可知，此段主要建议朋友间设定一个固定时间来联系，对应选项D中的"Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyou"，故选D。2.E[解析]根据空前的"Makesureyouhavecommunicated...foryouboth"以及空后的"Thereare...agroupchat"可知，空处内容应与交流方式相关。空前的"whatmethodworksbestforyouboth"与选项E中的"theirpreferredmethodsofcommunication"对应，故选E。3.G[解析]该段中的"Thefriendwhoisremaining""thefriendwhohasmoved"分别对应选项G中的"theonewhowasleftbehind""thefriendwholeft"，故选G。4.A[解析]根据语境和常识可知，"Anniversaries""birthdays"均为重要的日子，再结合该段中的"keepstrackoffriends'birthdaysandotherimportantdates"可知选A。5.F[解析]根据空后的"butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain"中的关键词but可知，空处内容与空后内容为转折关系，且该段小标题"Don'trelyontechnologyalone"中的"technology"与选项F中的"socialmedia"在本文中为近似概念，故F项符合语境。解读：本文介绍了维持异地友谊的五种方法。【核心词汇】squeezeinsth.挤出时间做某事besensitiveto体恤；对……感到敏感additionaladj.额外的sympatheticadj.有同情心的keeptrackof了解……的动态，与……保持联系compensatev.弥补；赔偿Passage3[2022全国卷甲，10分]ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOutCulturaldiningetiquette（礼节）mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.1D.Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.ChopstickRulesThewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.2FHandsorUtensils（餐具）InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it'sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.3C,insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.MakingRequests4G.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon'tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.5B,themorecomfortableyou'llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.A.ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB.ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC.MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD.Don'tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE.It'sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF.NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal1.D[解析]空前一句讲到了"与文化有关的用餐礼仪中的一些重要规则可能会让你惊讶"，空后则讲到了"知道一些窍门儿有助于确保你用餐愉快"。因此，空处应该与不知道那些用餐礼仪可能会造成的后果有关，故D项符合语境。2.F[解析]结合常识可以判断，F项"Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem"中的三个"them"指的都是chopsticks，且F项讲到的是筷子礼仪，符合本段主题。3.C[解析]结合空前的"InIndiaandtheMiddleEast...inFrance...hand"和空后的"InChile...theirspoons"可知，空处讲到的应该也是某个国家的风俗，选项中符合语境的只有C项，且C项与空后的"insteadpreferringtousetheirhands"语义连贯，故C项符合语境。4.G[解析]结合小标题"MakingRequests"可知，本段主要讲到了在就餐时发出请求，G项的"asimplerequest""askforsaltandpepper"符合语境，对应空后一句中的"this"，故选G项。5.B[解析]根据空后的"themorecomfortable...practices"可知，此处是固定句型"the+比较级，the+比较级"，由此锁定选项A和B。结合语境可知，你在特定的国家待的时间越长，你就会对它的文化习俗感到越自在，故B项符合语境。解读：本文主要介绍了在不同国家就餐时需要注意的一些事情，如餐具的使用、如何发出请求等。题组四Passage1[2022浙江，10分]IhaveadrawerfullofletterstoSanta.EachyearmychildrenwouldwriteuptheirChristmaswishlists.Theywerepoliterequestsforthelatestgameortoy.Asthechildrengotolder,theywouldgiveSantasomehints（提示）onwheretobuytheirpresents.1DThoseletterstaughtmychildrenavaluablelessonaboutwriting:Ithasapurpose.Sometimesourpurposeistoachievesomething;othertimesitmaybetoentertain,inform,orpersuade.2BAndwhenwritingdoesn'tseemtohaveanypurposeorgetanykindofmeaningfulresponse,thenitcanbehardtogetexcitedaboutdoingit.Christmasisagreattimeofyearforchildrentocommunicatewithothersthroughwriting.Whenchildrenwriteforrealaudiencesandrealpurposes,theycanlearntochoosetheirwordsaccordingly.3EYouwrite"DearSanta"becauseyoudon'tknowhimpersonallyandyouwanttoshowhimrespect.4FTexting,onlinemessaging,livechatswhileplayingvideogamesallmeanthattheyareconstantlyproducingwrittenmessages.However,becausetheyareusuallywritingtofamilyandfriends,theyuseinformallanguagemostofthetime.Thereisnothingwrongwiththiskindofwriting.Itsuitstheaudienceandthepurposeandgetsthejobdone.5GThistypeofwritingwon'tberewardedbytheschoolexaminer,norbyafutureemployerorapotentialclient.Theverybestcommunicatorsarethosewhoknowhowtoadjusttheirlanguagetomatchtheiraudience.A.Itisn'tthattheseyoungpeoplecan'twrite.B.Butitisalwayspurposeful—oratleastitshouldbe.C.Theageofpen-and-paperletterwritingmayhavepassed.D.Asaresult,eachyeartheyreceivedsomethingtheywanted.E.Youwrite"HiNannaandPop"becauseyouareclosetothem.F.Astechnologydevelops,youngpeoplearewritingmorethantheyeverhave.G.Butifthisistheonlykindofwritingyoungpeopledo,itwillcauseproblems.1.D[解析]空前讲述了作者的孩子们在圣诞节给圣诞老人写信的事情，本空承接上一句，而上一句讲到了"theywouldgiveSantasomehints（提示）onwheretobuytheirpresents"，因此，空处应该会交代他们这么写信的结果，故D项符合语境。2.B[解析]空前介绍写作的一些可能的目的，空后介绍写作无目的性的弊端。B项"但它总是有目的性的，或者至少应该有目的"既承接上文，又能引出下文，故B项符合语境。3.E[解析]空前一句讲到了"theycanlearntochoosetheirwordsaccordingly"，空后应该会举例说明"accordingly"，空后一句"Youwrite‘DearSanta’becauseyoudon'tknowhimpersonally"讲到了不熟悉的人之间怎么称呼，因此，空处应该会讲到熟悉的人之间怎么称呼，故E项符合语境。4.F[解析]根据空后的"Texting,onlinemessaging,livechatswhileplayingvideogamesallmeanthattheyareconstantlyproducingwrittenmessages"可知，人们有很多不同的表达书面信息的方式，且这些方式都与科技进步相关，故F项符合语境。5.G[解析]空前讲到了这种非正式的写作没什么问题，但空后讲的是这种写作不会得到学校考官、未来雇主或潜在客户的奖励。由此可知，空处应与上文为转折关系，从而连接下文，故G项符合语境。结合语境可知，"Thistypeofwriting"指的是"theyuseinformal