阅读理解-学位英语强化练习

学位英语强化班

讲义

目录

第一部分语法结构..............................................错误!未定义书签。

第一节倒装.................................................错误!未定义书签。

第二节强调句..............................................错误!未定义书签。

第三节反意疑问句..........................................错误!未定义书签。

第四节主谓一致............................................错误!未定义书签。

第五节时态.................................................错误!未定义书签。

第六节虚拟语气............................................错误!未定义书签。

第七节情态动词............................................错误!未定义书签。

第八节名词性从句..........................................错误!未定义书签。

第九节定语从句............................................错误!未定义书签。

第十节状语从句............................................错误!未定义书签。

第十一节非谓语动词........................................错误!未定义书签。

第十二节代词..............................................错误!未定义书签。

第十三节比较..............................................错误!未定义书签。

第十四节平行结构..........................................错误!未定义书签。

第十五节限定词和数量词.....................................错误!未定义书签。

词汇与结构各语法点参考答案.................................错误!未定义书签。

第二部分阅读理解..............................................................3

第三部分完形填空..............................................错误!未定义书签。

第四部分翻译...................................................错误!未定义书签。

第二部分阅读理解

1,成人学位考试阅读理解概况

1）内容量——篇幅词汇量和难度

任何考试中试题总是分四种情况，第一，分值高难度小。第二，分值高难度大。第三，分值低难度

大。第四，分值与难度相均衡。阅读理解就是属于分值高难度大。策略上：认真对待，不能放弃。

2）三篇阅读理解的排列结构分析

三篇文章的难度相似，没有明显的区别，不同于统考英语B,一篇简单，一篇难。

学位考试的A卷与B卷阅读的顺序只是变一变。

3）

考试所安排的时间和分值阅读理解（PartIReadingComprehension）,共15题，考试时间40分钟。

要求考生阅读三篇短文，总阅读量不超过900个词。每篇文章后有五个问题，考生应根据文章内容

从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。短文选材的原则是：

1.题材广泛。包括人物传记、社会、文化、日常知识、热门话题及科普常识等。但所涉及的背

景知识应能为学生所理解。

2.体裁多样。包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等。

3.文章的语言为中等难度。无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词，如超出全日制文理科教学大纲中

词汇表一至学位英语的范围，则用汉语注明词义。

阅读理解部分主要测试考生的下述能力：

1.掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；

2.了解说明主旨和大意的事实和细节；

3.既理解字面的意思，又能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论；

4.既理解个别句子的意义，又能在一定程度上理解上下文的逻辑关系。

阅读理解部分主要考核学生通过阅读获取信息的能力，既要求准确，也要求有一定的速度。

2,阅读理解的特点及应对策略

1）不破不立——改变对阅读理解题型的理解，以题目为核心着眼点，有效选取文中相关内容Questions1

to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

2）解剖阅读理解的构成——文章，题目，选项

3）文章的特点——题材，体裁和写作特点

体裁（记叙文，说明文，议论文）

题材（历史，科技，教育，励志故事）

写作特点

4）题目的特点——细节题，主旨题，词汇题，判断题

5）选项的特点——正确选项特点及错误选项特点

Itmaybeconcludedthattesting_C.

A.shouldtestonlyopinions

B.Shouldalwaysbewritten

C.haschangedsincetheMiddleAges

D.isgivenonlyinfactories

3,阅读理解技巧例析

1）同义必同错

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Citypeoplearelesslikelytosmoke.

B.Peopleinruralareasaremorelikelytosmoke.

C.Menwithhigherincometendtosmoke.

D.Well-educatedmenwithhighincomesaregenerallylesslikelytosmoke.

2）反义组选项产生答案

Television,asasourceofentertainment,is_D.

A.notveryconvenientB.veryexpensive

C.quitedangerousD.relativelycheap

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Citypeoplearelesslikelytosmoke.

B.Peopleinruralareasaremorelikelytosmoke.

C.Menwithhigherincometendtosmoke.

D.Well-educatedmenwithhighincomesaregenerallylesslikelytosmoke.

3）着重关注的一些词

时间以及时间的换算

But,however,instead.

And,or,notonly...butalso,either...or,neither...nor,both...and

Than,different,thebest

4）推断题的把握原则

小明喜欢打篮球，不过最近他爱上了上网。根据这句话，我们可以推断出______

A.小明不喜欢其他运动

B.小明已经不喜欢打篮球了

C.现在越来越多的人喜欢上网

D.小明最近有了新爱好

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat___A

A.LincolnpreparedhisspeechverycarefullybeforehewenttoGettysburg

B.Lincolnwasverybusyatthetimeanddidn'thavemuchtimetopreparehisspeech

C.Lincoln'sspeechwasfullofrichwords

D.Lincoln'sspeechwasverylong

4,阅读理解真题选讲（9篇）

Passage1

这篇文章是02年成三的考题距离现在已经有8年的时间了，那么古老的考题为何还要讲，原因何在，经典。

它概括了成三考试的基本出题思路，也暴露了题目的基本破绽。这篇文章不仅被我们奉为经典，很多其他类

型的考试，比如公共英语2级考试都作为课程讲解的重点。

Inancienttimesthemostimportantexaminationswerespoken,notwritten.IntheschoolsofancientGreeceand

Rome,testingusuallyconsistedofsayingpoetryaloudorgivingspeeches.

IntheEuropeanuniversitiesoftheMiddleAges,studentswhowereworkingforadvanceddegreeshadto

discussquestionsintheirfieldofstudywithpeoplewhohadmadeaspecialstudyofthesubject.Thiscustomexists

todayaspartoftheprocessoftestingcandidatesforthedoctor'sdegree.

Generally,however,modernexaminationsarewritten.Thewrittenexamination,whereallstudentsaretestedon

thesamequestion,wasprobablynotknownuntilthenineteenthcentury.Perhapsitcameintoexistencewiththe

greatincreaseinpopulationandthedevelopmentofmodernindustry.Aroomfullofcandidatesfbrastate

examination,timedexactlybyelectricclocksandcarefullywatchedoverbymanagers,resemblesagroupofworkers

atanautomobilefactory.Generally,duringexaminationsteachersandstudentsareexpectedtoactlikemachines.

Onetypeoftestissometimescalledan4tobjective^^test.Itisintendedtodealwithfacts,notpersonalopinions.

Tomakeupanobjectivetesttheteacherwritesaseriesofquestions,eachofwhichhasonlyonecorrectanswer.

Alongwitheachquestiontheteacherwritesthecorrectanswerandalsothreestatementsthatlooklikecorrect

answerstostudentswhohavenotlearnedthematerialproperly.

1.IntheMiddleAgesstudents.

A.tookobjectivetestsB.specializedinonesubject

C.weretimedbyelectricclocksD.neverwroteexams

2.Themainideaofparagraph3isthat.

A.workersnowtakeexaminations

B.thepopulationhasgrown

C.thereareonlywrittenexams

D.examinationsarenowwrittenandtimed

3.Thekindofexamswherestudentsmustselectanswersare.

A.personalB.spokenC.objectiveD.written

4.Modemindustrymusthavedeveloped.

A.beforetheMiddleAgesB.aroundthe19thcentury

C.inGreeceorRomeD.machinestotaketests

5.Itmaybeconcludedthattesting.

A.shouldtestonlyopinions

B.Shouldalwaysbewritten

C.haschangedsincetheMiddleAges

D.isgivenonlyinfactories

参考答案：l.D2.D3.C4.B5.C

Passage2

如果说第一篇文章把大家带进成三考试阅读理解的大门，那么我们进了门之后呢，要一步一步的学会做阅读，

从读文章开始.很多同学不会读文章，不是说你真的读不懂，读文章的时候呢，把握不了重点，看完题目回到

文章当中找不清楚重点，或者找到了也有遗漏。为什么，不会读文章。

Peopleallovertheworldtodayarebeginningtohearandlearnmoreandmoreabouttheproblemofpollution.

Pollutioniscausedeitherbyman'sreleaseofcompletelynewandoftenartificial（人造）substancesintothe

environment,orbyreleasinggreatlyincreasedamountsofanaturalsubstance（物质），suchasoilfromoiltankers

intothesea.

Whateveritsunderlyingreasons,thereisnodoubtthatmuchofthepollutioncausedcouldbecontrolledifonly

companies,individualsandgovernmentswouldmakemoreefforts.Inthehomethereisanobviousneedtocontrol

litterandwaste.Foodcomeswrappedupthereorfourtimesinpackagesthatallhavetobedisposedof;drinksare

increasinglysoldinbottlesortinswhichcannotbereused.Thisnotonlycausesalitterproblem,butalsoisagreat

wasteofresources,intermsofglass,metalandpaper.Advertisinghashelpedthisprocessbypersuadingmanyofus

notonlytobuythingweneitherwantnorneed,butalsotothrowawaymuchofwhatwedobuy.Pollutionandwaste

combinetobeaproblemeveryonecanhelptosolvebycuttingoutunnecessarybuying,excessuseandcareless

disposal（处理）oftheproductsweuseinourdailylives.

1.Themaincauseofpollutionis.

A.thereleaseofartificialornaturalsubstancesintotheenvironment

B.theproductionofnewindustrialgoods

C.increasedamountsofanaturalsubstance

D.ourever-increasingpopulation

2.Muchofthepollutioncouldbecontrolledifonly.

A.peoplewouldpaymoreattentiontotheproblem

B.governmentswouldtakeeffectivemeasures

C.allsidesconcernedwouldmakemoreefforts

D.farmerswoulduselessartificialfertilizers

3.Foodpackages,bottlesandtinsfordrinkscancause.

A.airandwaterpollution

B.bothalitterproblemandawasteofresources

C.topayfortheservice

D.toproducethereceipt

4.Whichofthefollowingcannothelpsolvingtheproblemofpollution?

A.Cuttingoutunnecessarybuying.

B.Eatingless.

C.Reduceexcessuse.

D.Carefullydisposeourdailyproducts.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“litter”meaninparagraph2?

A.notmany.

B.seriousproblem.

C.bitsofwastethings.

D.industrialpollution.

参考答案：ACBBC

Passage3

这是一篇议论文。议论文常常会就问你论点，也就是文章的中心思想。考察分论点，也就是下面两段的段意。

考察论据，问你为什么或者让你寻找论据细节。有时候会问你文章作文议论文所独有的文章表达的作用，某

一段的作用。

Obviouslytelevisionhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.

(3)Inthefirstplace,televisionisnotonlyaconvenientsourceofentertainment,butalsoacomparativelycheap

one.WithaTVsetinthefamilypeopledon'thavetopayforexpensiveseatsatthetheatre,thecinema,ortheopera.

Ailtheyhavetodoistopushabuttonorturnaknob,andtheycanseeplays,films,operasandshowsofeverykind.

Somepeople,however,thinkthatthisiswherethedangerlies.Thetelevisionviewersneeddonothing.Hedoesnot

evenhavetousehislegsifhehasaremotecontrol.Hemakesnochoice,doesnoexercises,andmakesnojudgment.

Heiscompletelypassiveandhaseverythingpresentedtohimwithoutanyeffortonhispart.

Television,itisoftensaid,keepsoneinformedaboutcurrenteventsandthelatestdevelopmentsinscienceand

politics.Themostdistantcountriesandthestrangestcustomsarebroughtrightintoone'ssittingroom.Itcouldbe

arguedthattheradioperformsthisserviceaswell;butontelevisioneverythingismuchmoreliving,muchmorereal.

Yethereagainthereisadanger.Thetelevisionscreenitselfhasaterrible,almostphysicalcharmforus.(4)Weget

sousedtolookingatthemovementsonit,sodependentonitspictures,thatitbeginstocontrolourlives.Peopleare

oftenheardtosaythattheirtelevisionsetshavebrokendownandthattheyhavesuddenlyfoundthattheyhavefar

moretimetodothingsandthattheyhaveactuallybeguntotalktoeachotheragain.Itmakesonethink,doesn'tit?

Therearemanyotherargumentsforandagainsttelevision.Wemustrealizethattelevisionitselfisneithergood

norbad.Itistheusesthatitisputtothatdetermineitsvaluetosociety.

1.Whatisthemajorfunctionofparagraph1?

A.Toarousethereader'sconcern.

B.Tointroducethethemeofthewholepassage.

C.Tosummarizethewholepassage.

D.TostatetheprimaryusesofTV.

2.Television,asasourceofentertainment,is.

A.notveryconvenientB.veryexpensive

C.quitedangerousD.relativelycheap

3.WhyaresomepeopleagainstTV?

A.BecauseTVprogramsarenotinteresting.

B.BecauseTVviewersaretotallypassive.

C.BecauseTVpricesareveryhigh.

D.BecauseTVhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.

4.OneofthemostobviousadvantagesofTVisthat.

A.itkeepsusinformedB.itisverycheap

C.itenablesustohavearestD.itcontrolsourlives

5.Accordingtothepassage,whetherTVisgoodornotdependson.

A.itsqualityB.people'sattitudetowardsit

C.howweuseitD.whenweuseit

参考答案：BDBAC

Passage4

Whenwetalkaboutintelligence,wedonotmeantheabilitytogetgoodscoresoncertainkindsoftestsoreven

theabilitytodowellinschool.Byintelligencewemeanawayoflivingandbehaving,especiallyinanewor

upsettingsituation.Ifwewanttotestintelligence,weneedtofindouthowapersonactsinsteadofhowmuchhe

knowswhattodo.

(18)Forinstance,wheninanewsituation,aninteHigentpersonthinksaboutthesituation,notabouthimselfor

whalmighlhappenlohim.Hetriestofindoutallhecan,andthenheactsimmediatelyandtriestodosomething

aboutit.Heprobablyisn'tsurehowitwillallworkout,butatleasthetries.And,ifhecan'tmakethingsworkout

right,hedoesn'tfeelashamedthathefailed;hejusttriestolearnfromhismistakes.Anintelligentperson,evenifhe

isveryyoung,hasaspecialoutlookonlife,aspecialfeelingaboutlife,andknowshowhefitsintoit.

Ifyoulookatchildren,you'llseegreatdifferencebetweenwhatwecall“bright"childrenand“not-bright”

children.Theyareactuallytwodifferentkindsofpeople,notjustthesamekindwithdifferentamountofintelligence.

Forexample,thebrightchildreallywantstofindoutaboutlife---hetriestogetintouchwitheverythingaround

him.(19)But,theunintelligentchildkeepsmoretohimselfandhisowndream-world;heseemstohaveawall

betweenhimandlifeingeneral.

1.Accordingtothispassage,intelligenceis.

A.theabilitytostudywell

B.theabilitytodowellinschool

C.theabilitytodealwithlife

D.theabilitytogethighscoresonsometests

2.Inanewsituation,anintelligentperson.

A.knowsmoreaboutwhatmighthappentohim

B.issureoftheresulthewillget

C.concentratesonwhattodoaboutthesituation

D.caresmoreabouthimself

3.Ifanintelligentpersonfailed,hewould.

A.trynottofeelashamedB.learnformhisexperiences

C.trytoregretasmuchaspossibleD.makesurewhatresulthewouldget

4.Brightchildrenandnot-brightchildren.

A.aretwodifferenttypesofchildren

B.aredifferentmainlyintheirdegreeofcleverness

C.havedifferenceonlyintheirwayofthinking

D.havedifferentknowledgeabouttheworld

5.Theauthorofthispassagewillprobablycontinuetotalkabout.

A.howtodeterminewhatintelligenceis

B.howeducationshouldbefound

C.howtosolvepracticalproblems

D.howanunintelligentpersonshouldbetaught

参考答案：CCBAD

Passage5

Today,cigarettesmokingisacommonhabit.Aboutforty-threepercentoftheadultmenandthirty-onepercent

oftheadultwomenintheUnitedStatessmokecigarettesregularly.Itisencouragingtoseethatmillionsofpeople

havegivenupsmoking.

Itisafactthatmenasagroupsmokemorethanwomen.Amongbothmenandwomentheagegroupwiththe

highestproportionofsmokersis24-44.

Income,education,andoccupationallplayapartindeterminingaperson'ssmokinghabit.Citypeople

smokemorethanpeoplelivingonfarms.Well-educatedmenwithhighincomesarelesslikelytosmoke

cigarettesthanmenwithfeweryearsofschoolingandlowerincomes.Ontheotherhand,ifawell-educated

manwithahigherincomesmokedatall,heislikelytosmokemorepacksofcigarettesperday.

Thesituationissomewhatdifferentforwomen.(40)Thereareslightlymoresmokersamongwomenwithhigher

familyincomeandhighereducationthanamongthelowerincomeandlowereducationalgroups.Thesemorehighly

educatedwomentendtosmokemoreheavily.

Amongteenagersthepictureissimilar.Therearefewerteenagedsmokersfromupper-income,well-educated

families,andfewerfromfamilieslivinginfarmareas.Childrenaremostlikelytostartsmokingifoneorbothof

theirparentssmoke.

1.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Moreandmorepeopletakeupthehabitofsmoking.

B.TherearemoresmokingwomenthansmokingmeninUSA.

C.Itisgoodnewsthatmorepeoplehavegivenupsmoking.

D.TheU.S.hasmoresmokingpeoplethananyothercountry.

2.Whatfactorsdetennineaperson'ssmokinghabits?

A.Age,incomeandeducation.

B.Age,sexandincome.

C.Occupation,incomeandsex.

D.Occupation,incomeandeducation.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Citypeoplearelesslikelytosmoke.

B.Peopleinruralareasaremorelikelytosmoke.

C.Menwithhigherincometendtosmoke.

D.Well-educatedmenwithhighincomesaregenerallylesslikelytosmoke.

4.Whatisthesmokingsituationforwomen?

A.Thesituationisquitethesametorwomenasformen.

B.Better-educatedwomenarelikelytosmokeheavily.

C.Therearemorewomensmokerswithlowincomes.

D.Womenwithhigherincomesandhighereducationdonottendtosmoke.

5.Whatcanwesayaboutteenagedsmokers?

A.Thepictureabouttheteenagesmokersissimilartothatofwomensmokers.

B.Thesituationamongteenagersisquitethesamewithmen.

C.Highschoolstudentsaremorelikelytosmokethancollegestudents.

D.Farmers'childrentendtosmokemore.

参考答案：CDDBB

Passage6

Ihearmanyparentscomplainthattheirteenagechildrenarerebelling.Iwishitwereso.Atyourageyouought

tobegrowingawayfromyourparents.Youshouldbelearningtostandonyourownfeet.Buttakeagoodlookatthe

presentrebellion.Itseemsthatteenagersarealltakingthesamewayofshowingthattheydisagreewiththeirparents.

Insteadofstrikingoutboldlyontheirown,mostofthemareholdingoneanother'shandsfbrreassurance（放心）.

Theyclaimtheywanttodressastheyplease.Buttheyallwearthesameclothes.Theysetoffinnewdirections

inmusic.Buttheyallenduplisteningtothesamerecord.Theirreasonfbrthinkingoractinginsuchawayisthatthe

crowdisdoingit.Theyhavecomeoutoftheircocoon（茧）intoalargercocoon.

（56）Ithasbecomeharderandharderforateenagertostandupagainstthepopularitywaveandtogohisorher

ownway.Industryhasfirmlycarvedoutamarketforteenagers.Thesedayseveryteenagercanlearnfromthe

advertisementswhatateenagershouldhaveandbe.Thisisagreatbarrierfortheteenagerwhowantstofindhisor

herownpath.

Butthebarrierisworthclimbingover.Thepathisworthfollowing.Youmaywanttolistentoclassicalmusic

insteadofgoingtoaparty.Youmaywanttocollectrockswheneveryoneelseiscollectingrecords.Youmayhave

somethoughtsthatyoudon'tcaretoshareatoncewithyourclassmates.Well,gotoit.Findyourself.Beyourself.

Popularitywillcome——withthepeoplewhorespectyouforwhoyouare.That'stheonlykindofpopularitythat

reallycounts.

206.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageistotell.

A.readershowtobepopularwithpeoplearound

B.teenagershowtolearntomakeadecisionfbrthemselves

C.parentshowtocontrolandguidetheirchildren

D.peoplehowtounderstandandrespecteachother

207.Accordingtotheauthor,manyteenagersthinktheyarebraveenoughtoactontheirown,butinfactmostof

them.

A.havemuchdifficultyunderstandingeachother

B.lackconfidence

C.darenotcopewithanyproblemsalone

D.areverymuchafraidofgettinglost

208.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thereisnopopularitythatreallycounts.

B.Manyparentsthinkthattheirchildrenarechallengingtheirauthority.

C.Itisnotnecessarilybadforateenagertodisagreewithhisorherclassmates.

D.Mostteenagersareactuallydoingthesame.

209.Theauthorthinksofadvertisementsastoteenagers.

A.inevitableB.influentialC.instructiveD.attractive

210.Themainideaofthelastparagraphisthatateenagershould.

A.differfromothersinasmanywaysaspossible

B.becomepopularwithothers

C.findhisrealself

D.rebelagainsthisparentsandthepopularitywave

参考答案：BCABC

Passage7

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,employeesinmanycompaniestodayworklongerhoursthanemployeesdid

in1979.Theyalsotakeshortervacationsthanemployeesin1979.ItseemsthatAmericansareworkinghardertoday

thaneverbefore.Orarethey?Amanagementconsultant,BillMeyer,decidedtofindout.Forthreedays,heobserved

aninvestmentbankerhardatwork.Meyerwrotedowneverythingthebankerdidduringhislongworkday.Atthe

endofthethree-dayperiod,Meyerreviewedthebanker'sactivitieswithhim.Whatdidtheyfindout?They

discoveredthatthemanspent80percentofhistimedoingunnecessarywork.Forexample,heattendedunnecessary

meetings,maderedundant（多余的）telephonecalls,andspenttimepackingandunpackinghistwobigbriefcases.

（76）Apparentlymanypeoplebelievethatthemoretimeapersonspendsatwork,themoreheorshe

accomplishes.Whenemployersevaluateemployees,theyoftenconsidertheamountoftimeonthejobinadditionto

jobperformance.Employeesknowthis.Althoughmanyworkingpeoplecandotheirjobeffectivelyduringaregular

40-hourworkweek,theyfeeltheyhavetospendmoretimeonthejobafternormalworkinghourssothatthepeople

whocanpromotethemseethem.

Agroupofheadhunters（猎头）wereaskedtheiropinionaboutasituation.Theyhadachoiceoftwo

candidatesfbranexecutivepositionwithanimportantcompany.Thecandidateshadsimilarqualificationsforthejob.

Forexample,theywerebothreliable.Onecoulddothejobwellina40-hourworkweek.Theotherwoulddothe

samejobinan80-hourworkweekjustaswell.Accordingtoaheadhuntingexpert,the80-hour-a-weekcandidate

wouldgetthejob.Thetimethiscandidatespendsonthejobmayencourageotheremployeestospendmoretimeat

work,too.Employersbelievethatiftheemployeesstayatworklater,theymayactuallydomorework.

However,theconnectionbetweentimeandproductivity（生产率）isnotalwayspositive.（77）Infact.many

studiesindicatethatafteracertainpoint,anyone'sproductivityandcreativitybegintodecrease.Someemployeesare

notwillingtospendsomuchextra,unproductivetimeattheoffice.Oncetheyfinishtheirworksatisfactorily,they

wanttorelaxandenjoythemselves.Forthesepeople,thesolutionistofindacompanythatencouragespeopletodo

both.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Manypeopleworklonghoursbutdonotalwaysdoalotofwork.

B.Mostpeoplecangetmoreworkdonebyworkinglongerhours.

C.MostAmericanswork80hoursaweek,andsomeworkevenlonger.

D.Peoplecanmakemoremoneybyworkinglongerhours.

2.Themanagementconsultantwantedtofindout

A.howhardtheinvestmentbankerworkedduringhisworkhours

B.whenpeoplespenttimedoingunnecessaryworkintheiroffice

C.ifpeopleneededvacationafterworkinghardforacertainperiodoftime

D.whetherAmericanswerereallyworkingharderthantheyhaddonebefore

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Themoretimeapersonspendsatwork,themoreheorsheaccomplishes.

B.Employersdonotjudgetheiremployees*jobperformanceaccordingtotheamountofworkingtime.

C.Somepeopleworkmorethan40hoursaweekinthehopeofgettingpromotion.

D.Allemployeesarewillingtospendextratimeatwork.

4.The80-hour-a-weekcandidatewouldgetthejobbecauseemployersbelieve.

A.thatheismorereliable

B.hisexamplewouldleadotheremployeestoworklongerhours

C.hehasbetterqualifications

D.hecouldencourageotheremployeestodoabetterjob

5.Theexpression“todoboth"inthelastparagraphis.

A.tofinishtheirworksatisfactorilyandrelaxandenjoythemselves

B.topayattentiontobothperformanceandproductivity

C.toworklonghoursandhaveshortvacations

D.torelaxandenjoythemselvesquitefrequently

参考答案：ADCBA

Passage8

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Manyprivateinstitutionsofhighereducationaroundthecountryareindanger.Notailwillbesaved,and

perhapsnotalldeservetobesaved.Therearelow-qualityschoolsjustastherearelow-qualitybusinesses.Wehave

noobligationtosavethemsimplybecause.theyexist.Butmanythrivinginstitutionsthatdeservetocontinueare

threatened.Theyaredoingafinejobeducationally,buttheyarecaughtinafinancialdifficulty,withnowayto

reducerisingcostsorincreaserevenues（收入）significantly.Raisingfeesdoesn'tbringinmorerevenue,fbreach

timefeesgoup,the,enrollment（注册人数）goesdown,orthemountthatmustbegivenawayinstudentaidgoesup.

（78）Schoolsarebadbusinesses,whetherpublicorprivate,notusuallybecauseofbadmanagementbutbecauseof

thenatureofthebusiness.Theylosemoneyoneverycustomer,andtheycangobankrupteitherfromtoofew

studentsortoomanystudents.Evenaverygoodcollegeisaverybadbusiness.

Itissuchcolleges,thrivingbutthreatened,thatIworryabout.Lowenrollmentisnottheirchiefproblem.

Evenwithfullenrollments,theymaygounder.Effortstosavethem,andpreferablytokeepthemprivate,area

nationalnecessity.（79）Thereisnobasis,fbrarguingthatprivateschoolsareboundtobebetterthanpublicschools.

Thereareplentifulexamplestothecontrary.Anyonecannamestateuniversitiesandcollegesthatran