新教材人教版英语教师用书Unit4预习

Ⅰ.匹配词义a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思()1.astronaut A．n.码头；船坞vt.&vi.(两架航天器) 对接；(使)……进港()2.procedure B．n.宇航员；太空人()3.rocket C．n.程序；步骤；手续()4.vehicle D．n.玉；翡翠；玉器()5.satellite E．n.太空行走；太空行走的时间()6.mankind F．n.航天器；宇宙飞船()7.spacecraft G．n.火箭；火箭弹()8.spacewalk H．n.人造卫星；卫星()9.jade I．n.交通工具；车辆()10.dock J．n.人类[答案]1－5BCGIH6－10JFEDAb．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思()11.bedeterminedtodosth. A．继续做，坚持干()12.findout B．在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上()13.focuson C．抱着……的希望()14.forexample D．查明；找出()15.believein E．下决心做某事()16.carryon F．关注……，集中做……()17.onboard G．例如()18.inthehopeofdoingsth. H．相信，信仰()19.soasto I．为了；以便[答案]11－15EDFGH16－19ABCIⅡ.默写单词1．mentaladj. 精神的；思想的2．intelligentadj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的3．universen. 宇宙；天地万物4．determinevt. 查明；确定；决定5．launchvt.&n. 发射；发起；上市6．transmitvt.&vi. 传输；发送7．disappointedadj. 失望的；沮丧的8．desiren. 渴望；欲望vt. 渴望；期望9．independentadj. 独立的；自立的10．signalvt.&vin. 信号；标志Ⅰ.语境填空astronaut；procedure；gravity；launch；orbit；giant；leap；mankind；agency；data1．HewaswritingtheselectionprocedurewhenIpaidavisittohimthismorning.2．YangLiweiwasthefirstastronautinChinawhosuccessfullyorbitedEarth.3．ThespacecraftcanflyintothespaceonlywhenitcanescapeEarth'sgravity．4．Afterwards，Tiangong2spacelabwaslaunchedintospace.5．Mankindbelievesintheimportanceofcarryingonspaceexplorationdespitethehugerisks.6．Whentravelling，weleaptoverthestream.7．Recently，America'sNASAspaceagencyhaslaunchedanotherspacecrafttoresearchtheproblem.8．Theaccidentshouldnothappenaccordingtomydata．9．Thebigstonesovertherelookedlikegiantmonstersatnight.10．Theychangedtheirorbitwhileflyinginspace.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Itmustbethefirstdutyofustoperformphysicalandmental(mentally)work.2．Shesolvedtheprobleminanintelligent(intelligence)way.3．Ifyoudo，you'llhavetheforceoftheuniverse(universal)behindyou.4．Hehasbeendetermined(determine)tolearnEnglishwell.5．Tohisgreatdisappointment(disappoint)，hefailedagaininthedrivingtest.6．Asateacher，Iwantmystudentstobeindependent(independently)learners.7．Ihavetofindawaytotransmit(transmit)theobjects.8．Whetheryouaremarriedorsingle，weallwanttofeeldesired(desire)．9．Itisuniversally(universe)acknowledgedthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.10．Heleapt/leaped(leap)onmewithoutaword.1．Overeightyearslater，on20July1969，AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon，...八年之后，也就是在1969年7月20日，美国宇航员，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上月球……2．...famouslysaying“That'sonesmallstepfor[a]man，onegiantleapformankind”．说了一句著名的话，“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步”。3．Followingthis，manymoregoalswereachieved.随之而来的是，许多目标都实现了。词语助读①frontiern．边境；国界；边远地区②vehiclen．交通工具；车辆③universen．宇宙；天地万物④determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的⑤rocketn．火箭；火箭弹⑥gravityn．重力；引力⑦satelliten．人造卫星；卫星⑧launchvt.&n.发射；发起；上市⑨orbitn．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行⑩giantadj.巨大的；伟大的n.巨人；巨兽；伟人⑪leapn．跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt，leapt/leaped，leaped)vi.&vt.跳过；跃过⑫mankindn．人类⑬agencyn．(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处⑭transmitvt.&vi.传输；发送⑮datan．资料；数据⑯astronautn．宇航员；太空人⑰disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的⑱desiren．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望⑲carryon继续做；坚持干⑳ongoingadj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的eq\o(○,\s\up3(21))onboard在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上eq\o(○,\s\up3(22))independentlyadv.独立地；自立地eq\o(○,\s\up3(23))spacecraftn．航天器；宇宙飞船eq\o(○,\s\up3(24))spacewalkn．太空行走；太空行走的时间eq\o(○,\s\up3(25))jaden．玉；翡翠；玉器eq\o(○,\s\up3(26))dockvi.&vt.(两架航天器)对接；(使)……进港n.码头；船坞eq\o(○,\s\up3(27))signalvt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志[1]Lookingupatthestars是现在分词作状语[2]本句中的that引导定语从句，修饰先行词planets[3]succeedindoingsth.成功做某事，另外本句中的that引导定语从句，修饰rockets[4]thefirstperson...togointospace当名词被序数词或最高级修饰时，常用不定式作定语[5]Following...是现在分词作状语[6]Although引导让步状语从句[7]在madeeveryonesadanddisappointed中sadanddisappointed作宾语补足语[8]but引导并列句[9]Thisisbecause...，because引导表语从句[10]providing...现在分词作状语[11]than引导比较级[12]when引导非限制性定语从句[13]followed...过去分词作状语[14]notonly...butalso连接两个并列成分，意为“不但……而且”课本原文SPACE：THEFINALFRONTIER①“Arewealone?What'soutthere？”[1]Lookingupatthestars，peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutspace，andscientistsworkhardtofindanswers.Theymakevehicles②tocarrybravepeopleintospacetofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse③.Theyalsoreallywishtodiscoverotherplanets[2]thataresuitableenoughtosupportlife.Beforethemid­20thcentury，mostpeoplefelttravellingintospacewasanimpossibledream.However，somescientistsweredetermined④tohelphumansrealisetheirdreamtoexplorespace.Aftermanyexperiments，they[3]succeededinmakingrockets⑤thatcouldescapeEarth'sgravity⑥.On4October1957，theSputnik1satellite⑦waslaunched⑧bytheUSSRandsuccessfullyorbited⑨aroundEarth.Afterwards，theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace，andon12April1961，YuriGagarinbecame[4]thefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.Overeightyearslater，on20July1969，AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon，famouslysaying，“That'sonesmallstepfor[a]man，onegiantB10leap⑪formankind⑫.”[5]Followingthis，manymoregoalswereachieved.Forexample，America'sNASAspaceagency⑬launchedVoyager1on5September1977tostudydeepspace，anditstilltransmits⑭data⑮today.[6]Althoughscientiststrytomakesurenothinggoeswrong，accidentscanstillhappen.Alltheastronauts⑯ontheUSSR'sSoyuz11andAmerica'sChallengerdiedduringtheirmissions.Thesedisasters[7]madeeveryonesadanddisappointed⑰，[8]butthedesire⑱toexploretheuniverseneverdied.[9]Thisisbecausepeoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingon⑲spaceexplorationdespitethehugerisks.Anexampleofthisongoing⑳workistheInternationalSpaceStation.ItorbitsEarthandhasastronautsfromdifferentcountriesonboardeq\o(○,\s\up12(21))，[10]providingacontinuoushumanpresenceinspace.China'sspaceprogrammestartedlater[11]thanthoseofRussiaandtheUS，butithasmadegreatprogressinashorttime.Chinabecamethethirdcountryintheworldtoindependentlyeq\o(○,\s\up12(22))sendhumansintospacein2003，[12]whenYangLiweisuccessfullyorbitedEarthintheShenzhou5spacecrafteq\o(○,\s\up12(23)).ThenShenzhou6and7pletedasecondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalkeq\o(○,\s\up12(24))，[13]followedbythevehicleJadeeq\o(○,\s\up12(25))Rabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.Afterthat，ChinalaunchedtheTiangong2spacelabintospaceandTianzhou1todockeq\o(○,\s\up12(26))withit.Thissignalledeq\o(○,\s\up12(27))onestepfurtherinChina'splantoestablishaspacestationinthefuture.Morerecently，ChinahassentChang'e4toexplorethesurfaceofthefarsideofthemoontomakemeasurementsandobservations.Thefutureofspaceexplorationremainsbright.Europe，theUS，andChinaallhaveplanstofurtherstudyandexploreplanetslikeMarsandJupiter.Despitethedifficulties，scientistshopefuturediscoverieswill[14]notonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan，butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.译文参考太空：最后的边境仰望星空，(人们)不禁要问：“我们是孤独的吗？那里是什么？”，人们一直想更多地了解太空，而且科学家也在努力工作寻求答案，为了查明宇宙的秘密他们制做了交通工具把那些勇敢的人送到太空。他们也真的希望能发现其他适合生命生存的行星。在20世纪中期以前，绝大多数人认为太空旅行是不可能的。然而，一些科学家决意要帮