高中英语必修二课时学案Unit5OntheroadPeriod2Usinglanguage

Unit5OntheroadPeriod

2

Usinglanguage

知识点梳理单元语法精讲精练－ing形式作定语I.语法感知感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1．Inlessthan18months，therewereover200,000peoplereadingmyblog!2．Itwasachallengingjob，butIdidit.3．NowIspendthreeweeksoutofeverymonthtravellingandhaveover464,000fansfollowingmeonline.4．Ilovethebrightlightandamazingcolours：redrocks，greenplants，blue­greenwatersandblueskies.5．Ilovetophotographtherisingsun，soIforcemyselfintothenaturalworldbywakingearlyeachday.6．Overtime，thiscouldmakeheradangertopeoplelivinginthearea.1．以上句子中，句2,4和句5中为单个的现在分词放于被修饰名词的前面作定语，被称为前置定语；句1,3和句6中为现在分词短语放于被修饰名词的后面作定语，被称为后置定语。2．现在分词短语作后置定语时，其作用相当于一个定语从句。II.语法精析动词的­ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词，在英语中使用极其广泛，同时也是高考中的重要考点。下面就动词的­ing形式在句中作定语总结如下：动词的­ing形式作定语在句中通常有两个位置，如果是单个的动词的­ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语；如果是动词的­ing形式的短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后作后置定语。如：1．Heisanattackingplayer.他是一个攻击型的运动员。2．Heaskedanembarrassingquestion.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。3．Alittlechildlearningtowalkoftenfalls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。4．Doyouknowthenumberofpeopleingtotheparty？你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？名师点津：当v.­ing形式作后置定语时，可以相当于相应的定语从句。如：1．Ayoungmanwritingnovelscametospeaktousyesterday.→Ayoungmanwhowritesnovelscametospeaktousyesterday.一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们作报告。2．Thegirlsittingnexttomewasmycousin.→Thegirlwhowassittingnexttomewasmycousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。动词的­ing形式作定语通常从以下三个方面考查，即：1．说明被修饰词的性质，特征或用途。如：Theysetupanoperatingtableinasmalltemple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。Hemaybeinthereadingroom，forallIknow.据我所知，他说不定在阅览室里。Ladiesandgentlemen，pleasegoandwaitinthemeetingroom.女士们先生们，请去会议室等待。2．与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。如：Therewereabout200childrenstudyingintheartschool.有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。WhoisthewomantalkingtoourEnglishteacher?正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁？3．有些v.­ing形式已经转化成形容词，常作定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……的”。常用的此类词有：exciting，amusing，amazing，astonishing，shocking，puzzling，confusing，disappointing，discouraging，pleasing，striking，boring，tiring，touching，moving，interesting，satisfying，terrifying，frightening等。如：Thatmusthavebeenaterrifyingexperience.那准是一段可怕的经历。Theexperimentwasanamazingsuccess.那项试验是一个惊人的成功。4．除了动词的­ing形式能作定语外，如果v.­ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的被动式，即beingdone。beingdone通常表示正在被做，常作后置定语。如：Thetallbuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewschool.正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。Thequestionbeingdiscussedwaspresentedbytheheadmaster.正在被讨论的问题是由校长提出的。III.高考链接A.单句语法填空1．AtravelpanyinHongKongsaysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeopleliving(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.2．Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelfstanding(stand)inonecorner.3．LaurawasawayinParisforoveraweek.Whenshegothome，therewasapileofmailwaiting(wait)forher.4．Thosewishing(wish)tojointhisclubshouldsignhere.5．Theyareplanningtobuildaswimming(swim)poolforthekids.6．Thestudenttalking(talk)withtheforeignersoverthereismybrother.B.根据提示完成句子7．Severalstudentsarereadingbooksinthewaitingroom(候车室)．8．Thestadiumbeingbuilt(在修建中的)atpresentinthecityisintendedfortheingAsianGames.9．Iwanttomakefriendswiththestudentsplayingbasketballnow(正在打篮球的)．10．Thewomansittingonthechair(坐在椅子上的)ismyteacher.11．Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanketcoveringthedesert(覆盖着沙漠)．12．Inourschool,therearesomestudentsgoingtostudyabroadthisyear.今年,我们学校将有些学生去国外学习。C.单元语法——用现在分词(短语)改写以下句子1．Thewomanwhoislookingathermapisarelativeofmymother.→Thewomanlookingathermapisarelativeofmymother.2．Givemetheblueraincoat，please，theonethatishangingbehindthedoor.→Givemetheblueraincoat，please，theonehangingbehindthedoor.3．Byfar，therearemanyproblemsthatremainstobesolved.→Byfar，therearemanyproblemsremainingtobesolved.4．Theboythat/whoisplayingfootballontheplaygroundismyyoungerbrother.→Theboyplayingfootballontheplaygroundismyyoungerbrother.5．Nowtheyhavenoideahowtodealwiththeproblemthatispuzzling.→Nowtheyhavenoideahowtodealwiththepuzzlingproblem.D.单句写作1．聚集在校门口的那些男孩是我的同学。Theboysgatheringattheschoolgatearemyclassmates.2．正在被设计的图书馆将是我们市最大的一个。Thelibrarybeingdesignednowwillbethebiggestoneinourcity.3．在教室里学习的男孩是我们的班长。Theboystudyingintheclassroomisourmonitor.4．中国是一个属于第三世界的国家。Chinaisacountrybelongingtothethirdworld.5．据说在这个学校有200多学习汉语的学生。Itissaidthattherearemorethan200studentsstudyingChineseintheschool.Ⅳ.单句写作21．你之前对这件案子有什么了解吗？Didyouhaveanyknowledgeofthecasepreviously?22．男性在护理行业中占少数。Inthenursingprofession，menareina/theminority.23．中央电视台经常会邀请一些著名专家对目前的局势作一下评论。Famousexpertsareoften