辽宁省名校联盟2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

PAGEPAGE1辽宁省名校联盟2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Hehurthisknee.B.Heplayedfootball.C.Hedidhishomework.2.WhereisLarrynow?A.Inhisoffice.B.Athome.C.Inaclassroom.3.Whatdoesthemanlikedoing?A.Dancing.B.Walking.C.Singing.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whichmovietosee.B.Wheretogo.C.Wheretopark.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Co-workers.C.Teacherandstudent.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howlongwillthewomanstayinthehotel?A.Foronenight.B.Fortwonights.C.Forthreenights.7.Whatkindofroomdoesthewomanwant?A.Oneroomwithtwobedsandoneroomwithonebed.B.Oneroomwithtwobedsandoneroomwithnobeds.C.Oneroomwithonebedandoneroomwithnobeds.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howdidthetwospeakersgethere?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bytaxi.9.Whydidthetwospeakersarriveearly?A.TofindPeter.B.Tomeettheplayers.C.Togetagoodplace.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisjob?A.Thepayisn’tsatisfying.B.Itistoodifficultforhim.C.Itmakeshimtiredeveryday.11.What’stheman’splan?A.Totakeavacation.B.Togobacktocollege.C.Tofindanewjob.12.What’stheman’sproblem?A.Hedoesn’thaveanytime.B.Hedoesn’tknowwheretogo.C.Hedoesn’thaveenoughmoney.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inacar.B.Atschool.C.Inashop.14.Whyisthemannervous?A.Hedoesn’tlikedriving.B.Tomorrowishisfirstclass.C.Heisafraidofspeakinginpublic.15.Whathappenedlasttimethemangaveaspeech?A.Hewaswellpreparedforit.B.Heforgotalotofit.C.Heforgottothankeveryone.16.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Havesomeicecream.B.Concentrateonthespeech.C.Drivemoreslowly.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wherewasthespeakerborn?A.InIndia.B.InAmerica.C.InVenezuela.18.HowoldwasthespeakerwhenhemovedtoSouthAmerica?A.19.B.20.C.21.19.Whatwasthespeaker’ssubjectinuniversity?A.Japanesehistory.B.Englishliterature.C.Spanisheducation.20.Whatdoesthespeakerlikedoinginhisfreetime?A.Cycling.B.Playingfootball.C.Listeningtomusic.〖答案〗1~5ACCBB6~10ACBCA11~15BCACB16~20ABACA第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInterestedinbuildingaschoolyardhabitat?Here’showtogetstarted.Gatherateam.Studentscandoalotontheirown,butyou’llneedadultsforaprojectthisbig.Getteachers,parents,andeventheheadmasterinterested.Don’tforgetthemaintenancestaff—theyknowmoreaboutyourschool’syardthananyoneelseandcangiveyoulotsofhelp.Mapyoursite.Whichpartoftheschoolyardcanyouturnintoahabitat?Isthereanunusedcorneroftheplayground?You’llneedtomakeamapoftheareashowingwhatistherenow.Thenyoucanfigureouthowyouwanttochangeit.Forthat,youneedaplan.Planahabitat.Here’swhatyou’llneedtomakeyourareaattractivetowildlife.Food:Plantflowersandtrees.Theseprovidefoodsforbirds,insects,andsmallanimals.Youcanalsoaddsomefeedersforbirds.Wherepossible,stickwithnativeplants-wildplantsthatgrownaturallyinyourarea.Theyneedlesscare,whichmeanslessworkforyou.Water:Asmallpond,abirdbath,orevenadishofcleanwateronthegroundwillattractbirds.Shelter:Treesmakegreatescapesforbirds.Tallgrassandweedsarehometoinsectsandsomebirds.Reachforresources.Tomakethehabitathappen,you’llneedlotsofplants,seeds,andothersupplies.You’llalsoneedtobuyorborrowtoolsandmaybeevensomeheavytools.Now’sthetimetoreachoutfordonations(捐赠).Startbyaskingyourparent-teacherorganization.Thengotogardenclubs,gardenstores(theymightgiveyouadiscount),localgovernmentagencies,andbusinesses.Iftheycan’tdonatesuppliesormoney,askiftheycandonateworkers!Buildyourdesign.Nowyoucandigin.Setadate,andgetgrowing!1.Whatisthepartof“Planahabitat”mainlyabout?A.Howtoattractwildlifetothehabitat. B.Howtoraisemoneyforthehabitat.C.Howtofindasiteforthehabitat. D.Howtofindpeopletoworkonthehabitat.2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheschoolyardhabitatproject?A.Itusuallycoversthecenteroftheplayground. B.Ithelpsreducepollutioninschool.C.Itisveryeasytobuild. D.Itrequiresmuchhelp.3.Whoisthistextprobablymainlyaimedat?A.Teachers. B.Parents. C.Students. D.Maintenancestaff.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了如何建设校园栖息地。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Planahabitat部分中“Here’swhatyou’llneedtomakeyourareaattractivetowildlife.(以下是你需要做的，让你的地区对野生动物有吸引力)”可知，“规划栖息地”部分主要是关于如何吸引野生动物到栖息地。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Reachforresources部分中“Tomakethehabitathappen,you’llneedlotsofplants,seeds,andothersupplies.You’llalsoneedtobuyorborrowtoolsandmaybeevensomeheavytools.Now’sthetimetoreachoutfordonations(捐赠).Startbyaskingyourparent-teacherorganization.Thengotogardenclubs,gardenstores(theymightgiveyouadiscount),localgovernmentagencies,andbusinesses.Iftheycan’tdonatesuppliesormoney,askiftheycandonateworkers!(为了建造栖息地，你需要大量的植物、种子和其他物资。你还需要购买或借用工具，甚至可能需要一些重型工具。现在是时候伸出援助之手了。从你的家长老师组织开始。然后去园艺俱乐部、园艺商店（他们可能会给你折扣）、当地政府机构和企业。如果他们不能捐赠物资或金钱，问他们是否可以捐赠工人！)”可知，校园栖息地项目需要很多帮助。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Interestedinbuildingaschoolyardhabitat?Here’showtogetstarted.(对建一个校园栖息地感兴趣吗?下面是如何开始)”结合本文主要介绍在学校里学生怎样建立一块儿适合动物栖息的园子。目标读者应该是学生。故选C。BTodaywasmyfirstdayatseniorhighanditwashard.Inhighschool,youhave4minutestogettoyournextclass.Myhighschoolisverybigandthose4minutestogofromoneclasstoanotherreallyisn’talotoftime.TodayIhadtogofromoneendofthebuildingtotheothertogetfromscienceclasstomathclass.Iwantedtogotomylockerfirstandleavemysciencebookthere,butthattooktime.Iwasworriedaboutbeinglate,andIwas.Themathteachersaid,“Justbeontimetomorrow,oryou’llhavedetention(放学后留校).”Aftermath,Iwenttoartclass.IlikemyartclassalotbecauseIgettocreatethings.Theteacherthereshowedushowtomakeportraits(肖像).Heexplained,“Aportraitisawayofcommunicatingwithaperson.Itdoesnotjustshowhowthepersonlooksbutwhatisimportanttounderstandtheperson.”Wejustdiddrawingstoday,butIknowit’sgoingtobegreat.Ilikedrawing.IlikemyEnglishclass,too.Ithinktheteacherisreallysupportive.Todaywewroteaboutourselves.Theteachersaidtojustwritewhatyouthink,andwe’llpayattentiontopunctuation(标点)later.Wecouldwriteaparagraphorapoem,andIwroteapoemaboutmyself.Ithoughtitwasagoodpoem,andtheteachersaidIhadusedgoodimages(意象)tocommunicatemyfeelings.Lunchwasveryhurried.Iarrivedatthediningroomwith12minutestoeat.IsatwithpeopleIdidn’tknow,andeveryonewaseatingquickly.AfterlunchIsignedupforacomputerclub.Ineedtolearnhowtouseacomputerwellbecausemysocialstudiesteachersaysitistheoneskillyouneedineveryclass.4.Whathappenedtotheauthorafterscienceclass?A.Helosthissciencetextbook.B.Hegotlostonthecampus.C.Hewaslateformathclass.D.Hewasgivendetention.5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhisartclass?A.Difficult. B.Enjoyable. C.Boring. D.Easy.6.WhatdidtheEnglishteacherdoafterseeingtheauthor’swork?A.Hepraisedtheauthor.B.Hepointedouttheauthor’smistake.C.Heaskedtheauthortocheckpunctuation.D.Heencouragedtheauthortointroducehimself.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LearnusefulskillsinhighschoolB.MynewteachersinhighschoolC.MakeplansforhighschoollifeD.Myfirstdayinhighschool〖答案〗4.C5.B6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高中生活的第一天。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Iwasworriedaboutbeinglate,andIwas.Themathteachersaid,‘Justbeontimetomorrow,oryou'llhavedetention（放学后留校）’(我很担心会迟到，我确实迟到了。数学老师说：“明天要准时，否则你就会被留校)”可知，科学课后，作者数学课迟到了。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“IlikemyartclassalotbecauseIgettocreatethings.(我非常喜欢我的美术课，因为我可以创造东西。)”可知，作者认为美术课很愉快。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wecouldwriteaparagraphorapoem,andIwroteapoemaboutmyself.Ithoughtitwasagoodpoem,andtheteachersaidIhadusedgoodimagestocommunicatemyfeelings.(我们可以写一段话或一首诗，我写了一首关于我自己的诗。我认为这是一首好诗，老师说我用了很好的意象来表达我的感情。)”可推断，英语老师看了作者的作品后赞扬了作者。故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Todaywasmyfirstdayatseniorhighanditwashard.(今天是我上高中的第一天，很艰难。)”及全文可知，文章讲述了作者在的高中第一天。所以“Myfirstdayinhighschool(我高中的第一天)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D项。CThedaysofjustteachingkidstheirABCsarelonggone.Moderneducatorsaretaskedwiththeseeminglyimpossibleresponsibilityofmakingsurethattoday’syouthareacademically(学业上)preparedforlifeoutsidetheclassroomandbeingself-aware,self-managing,sociallyaware,relationship-building,andresponsibledecision-makerswhoaregoodtosociety.Thatisquiteanask!Butsocial-emotionallearning(SEL)answersthiscallanddeliversuponthistallorder.Itisamethodtoimprovestudents’intrapersonal(内心的),interpersonal,andlearningability.Thisprocessimprovesindividualstudents’skillsandmakesforacommunityofsuccessfullearnerswillingandabletopositivelycontributetosociety.Thistheorytrulyallowsindividualstodevelopwell.SELhaseffectivelypredictedpositiveschooladjustmentintheschoolsetting,increasedlearningengagement,minimizeddiscipline(纪律)problems,increasedhighschoolgraduationrates,andincreasedfutureemploymentandadulthealth.AmainpartofSELishelpingchildrenunderstandtheiremotions.Further,notonlyisitimportantthatyoungsterscanidentifyvariousemotions,buttheymustalsobeabletomanagetheemotionstheyexperience.Developinganidentity(身份)isnecessaryforgrown-ups,andSELsatisfiesthisrequirement.Byhelpingstudentsdeveloptheiridentity,SELhelpstoincreaseself-confidence;identificationofstrengthsandneeds;andrecognitionofneeds,values,andjudgements.Intheclassroom,SELhasbeenshowntopositivelyaffectstudents’attitudes,behaviors,andacademicperformance.Further,itdecreasesnegativebehaviors,suchasbeingoff-taskorbehavingbadly.SELimprovesthelearningenvironmentandmakesitasafeplaceforlearning.NotonlyisSELsignificantforstudents’mentalhealth,butitisalsoimportantforteachers’mentalhealth.SELincreasesteacher-reportedeffectivenessforbehaviormanagementanddecreasesreportsofteacherburnout.Ultimately,SELcreatesacalmerclassroomenvironment,whichmakeseducatingstudentsmucheasier.8.Whatcanwesayabouttheresponsibilityofmoderneducatorsaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Itisdemanding. B.Itisrewarding. C.Itisrespectable. D.Itisimpossible.9.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph2?A.Howtobeasuccessfullearner. B.Howtomeetthestudents’needs.C.Whatisneededforacommunity. D.Whatissocial-emotionallearning.10.WhatistheprimarypartofSEL?A.Givingstudentsaclearidentity. B.Allowingstudentstopredicttheirfuture.C.Offeringstudents’futurejobs. D.Helpingstudentsunderstandandmanageemotions.11.WhatcanweinferaboutSELfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisawin-winmethod. B.Itisrefusedbystudents.C.Itmaymaketeacherstired. D.Itstressestheimportanceofteachers.〖答案〗8.A9.D10.D11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。介绍了什么是社交情绪学习（SEL）以及社交情绪学习带来的极其良好效果。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thatisquiteanask!(这是一个相当高的要求！)”可知，现代教育工作者的任务，要求是相当高的。故选A。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Butsocial-emotionallearning(SEL)answersthiscallanddeliversuponthistallorder.Itisamethodtoimprovestudents’intrapersonal(内心的),interpersonal,andlearningability.Thisprocessimprovesindividualstudents’skillsandmakesforacommunityofsuccessfullearnerswillingandabletopositivelycontributetosociety.Thistheorytrulyallowsindividualstodevelopwell.(但社交情绪学习（SEL）回应了这一呼吁，并完成了这一艰巨的任务。这是一种提高学生的人际交往能力和学习能力的方法。这个过程提高了个别学生的技能，使一个社区的成功学习者愿意并能够积极地为社会做出贡献。这个理论确实能让个人得到很好的发展)”可知，本段主要谈论了什么是SEL。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“AmainpartofSELishelpingchildrenunderstandtheiremotions.Further,notonlyisitimportantthatyoungsterscanidentifyvariousemotions,buttheymustalsobeabletomanagetheemotionstheyexperience.(SEL的一个主要部分是帮助孩子理解他们的情绪。此外，重要的不仅是年轻人能够识别各种情绪，而且他们还必须能够管理他们所经历的情绪)”可知，SEL的一个核心组成部分是帮助孩子们理解他们的情绪，进而管控他们的情绪。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“NotonlyisSELsignificantforstudents’mentalhealth,butitisalsoimportantforteachers’mentalhealth.SELincreasesteacher-reportedeffectivenessforbehaviormanagementanddecreasesreportsofteacherburnout.(SEL不仅对学生的心理健康很重要，对教师的心理健康也很重要。SEL提高了教师报告的行为管理有效性，减少了教师倦怠的报告)”可知，社交情绪学习不仅对学生重要，而且对老师的心理健康也很重要。所以这是一个双赢的方法。故选A。DThreeSimpleTricksImproveYourMorningsMostpeoplearefamiliarwiththefeelingofbeingtornoutofheavysleepbythesoundoftheiralarmclock.Butwhydowefeelfreshandfullyrestedsomemornings,whileonotherdayswebarelyhavetheenergytoturnoffthealarmclock?Scientistshavecarriedoutastudyof833adults.Theresultsshowthatwecancontrolhowfreshwefeelinthemorningifwefollowthreesimplepiecesofadvice.Asinthesleepresearch,thetestsubjectsworespecialwatchesthatmonitoredtheirphysicalactivityandthequantityandqualityoftheirsleep.Theywerealsoserveddifferentbreakfasts,andthenthroughthedaythescientistsmonitoredtheirbloodglucose(葡萄糖)levelswhilethosewhotookpartintheresearchkeptachartoftheirenergylevelsthroughtheday.Manyofthesubjectsweretwins,helpingtoruleoutgeneticdifferences.Thedatashowedthatthesecretbehindenergeticmorningsisathree-stagesolutionmadeupofplentyofexercisethepreviousday,enoughsleep,andthentherightbreakfast.Oneresearcherexplainsthateachofthesethreefactorsareimportantingredientsifyouwanttowakeupfeelingfreshandfullyrested—andabletocontinuefeelingrelativelyenergeticfortherestoftheday.“Ifyousleepmorethanyouusuallydo,youwillfeelmoreawake,”heexplains.“Ifyouaremorephysicallyactivethepreviousday,yougetthesameeffect.Bothfactorscauseimprovement.”Theworstbreakfastprovedtobefoodwithhighsugarcontent;thismadethosewhotookpartintheresearchfeelsleepyandlowonenergyfortherestoftheday.Thebestwaytostartanewdaywastoeatbreakfastwithahighcontentofwholegrainsandvegetables.Perhapsunsurprisingly,thequantityofsleepwasalsoakeyfactorinmood.Theresultsprovedthat7—9hoursofsleeparenecessarytoshakeoffmorningsleepiness.Scientistsdonotyetknowwhyexerciseseemstoimproveourawarenessandabilitytowakeupre-energized.Buttheystressthatexerciseisanimportantkeytoourhealthandmoodingeneral.12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthistext?A.Byaskingaquestion. B.Bygivinganexplanation.C.Byanalyzinganexample. D.Byshowingtheauthor’sexperience.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subjects”inparagraph3referto?A.Thecontentsofthetest. B.Coursesneededfortheresearch.C.Theresearcherswhogivethetest. D.Thosewhoaretestedintheresearch.14.Whichfactorcancauseyoufeelfresherthenextmorningaccordingtooneresearcher?A.Sleepingalittlelonger. B.Beingtiredthepreviousday.C.Eatingsomethingrichinsugar. D.Takingexerciseinthemorning.15.InwhichsectionoftheInternetcanwefindthistext?A.CaseStudy. B.Lifestyles.C.GreatIdeas. D.SportsandExercise.〖答案〗12.A13.D14.A15.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。介绍了让你早晨起来清醒的三个要素。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Butwhydowefeelfreshandfullyrestedsomemornings,whileonotherdayswebarelyhavetheenergytoturnoffthealarmclock?(但为什么有些早晨我们感觉精神饱满、精力充沛，而有些日子我们却连关掉闹钟的力气都没有?)”可知，作者用一个问题引出本文的话题。故选A项。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据后文“Theywerealsoserveddifferentbreakfasts,andthenthroughthedaythescientistsmonitoredtheirbloodglucose(葡萄糖)levelswhilethosewhotookpartintheresearchkeptachartoftheirenergylevelsthroughtheday.Manyofthesubjectsweretwins,helpingtoruleoutgeneticdifferences.(研究人员还为他们提供了不同的早餐，然后在一天中监测他们的血糖水平，而参与研究的人则记录了他们一天的能量水平。许多研究对象是双胞胎，这有助于排除基因差异的可能性)”可知，许多subjects是双胞胎，并且这些人参与了测试，推知subjects指的是“那些在研究中被测试的人”。故选D项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Ifyousleepmorethanyouusuallydo,youwillfeelmoreawake,”heexplains.(“如果你比平时睡得多，你会觉得更清醒，”他解释说。)可知，适当多睡一会儿可以让你感到更加清醒。故选A项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Scientistshavecarriedoutastudyof833adults.Theresultsshowthatwecancontrolhowfreshwefeelinthemorningifwefollowthreesimplepiecesofadvice.(科学家对833名成年人进行了一项研究。研究结果表明，如果我们遵循三条简单的建议，我们就可以控制早晨的清新感)”以及综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了导致早晨起来精力充沛的几个因素。属于生活方式范畴。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beachballsareprickly(多刺的)ballsthatlooklikeballsofstraw(稻草)andarefoundonbeaches.Theyaresometimescalled“whalefurballs.”____16____Instead,theyareusuallymadeofvegetationsuchasseagrassmixedwithothermaterialslikefishinglines,pineneedles,bitsofseaweed,orsmallbranches.Wherecanyoufindbeachballs?Beachballsarefoundallovertheworld.OSUscientistshavereportedfindingballsmadeoffinevegetativestrandsonEgyptianbeaches.Australiansreportfindingbeachballstwicethesizeofalargeorange.____17____Howarebeachballsmade?____18____Butpeoplebelievetheyaremadebysurfaction.Asawaveapproachesthebeach,itdragsalongtheshorefloorandcausesthewavetoturnbackandcrashontothebeach.Thisturningbackmovementmayrollmaterialsinthesurfintoballs.Theballsarewashedhighonthebeachandleftbehindwhenthetidegoesout.____19____No,butonepossiblesourceoftheconfusionisamatterproducedbyspermwhalescalledambergris(龙涎香).Ambergrisismadeupofsquid(鱿鱼)partsfromthewhale’sstomach.Ambergrisquicklychangescolorsandshapeswhenitisexposedtosunlightandair.____20____Itissaidthatasingledropoftinctureofambergrisappliedtopaperandplacedinabookwillremainfragrantfor40years.Handlingitleavesthefingerssmellingofitfordays,evenafterafewwashes.A.Theballsmaybeperfectlyround.B.Buttheyarenotproducedbywhales.C.Arebeachballsofgreateconomicvalue?D.Theyareevenfoundontheshoresoflakes.E.Areanykindsofbeachballsproducedbywhales?F.Noonehasformallyresearchedhowbeachballsareformed.G.Ambergrisisrareandoncewasvaluedasanimportantpartforperfumes.〖答案〗16.B17.D18.F19.E20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。介绍了鲸毛球以及龙涎香的区别和各自的特点。【16题详析】根据上文“Theyaresometimescalled“whalefurballs.”(它们有时被称为“鲸毛球”)以及后文“Instead,theyareusuallymadeofvegetationsuchasseagrassmixedwithothermaterialslikefishinglines,pineneedles,bitsofseaweed,orsmallbranches.(相反，它们通常由海草等植物和其他材料制成，如钓鱼线、松针、海藻碎片或小树枝)可知，上句提到有人把沙滩草球称作鲸毛球，后文提到了真正的材料，故本句与上句构成转折，B选项“但它们不是由鲸鱼制造的”符合语境，故选B。【17题详析】根据上文“Beachballsarefoundallovertheworld.OSUscientistshavereportedfindingballsmadeoffinevegetativestrandsonEgyptianbeaches.Australiansreportfindingbeachballstwicethesizeofalargeorange.(沙滩球在世界各地都有。俄勒冈州立大学的科学家报告说，他们在埃及的海滩上发现了由精细的植物丝制成的球。澳大利亚人报告说，他们发现的沙滩球有大橙子的两倍大)”可知，本段主要讲述沙滩草球的出现场所，故D选项“他们甚至在湖岸被发现”符合语境，故选D。【18题详析】根据后文“Butpeoplebelievetheyaremadebysurfaction.Asawaveapproachesthebeach,itdragsalongtheshorefloorandcausesthewavetoturnbackandcrashontothebeach.Thisturningbackmovementmayrollmaterialsinthesurfintoballs.Theballsarewashedhighonthebeachandleftbehindwhenthetidegoesout.(但人们认为它们是由冲浪运动造成的。当波浪靠近海滩时，它会沿着海岸底部拖动，导致波浪折返并撞击海滩。这种回转运动可能会使冲浪中的物质滚成球。这些球被冲到海滩上，退潮时被抛在后面)”可知，本段主要讲述沙滩草球的形成，F项“没有人正式研究过沙滩草球是如何形成的”与标题相关，且与下句“Butpeoplebelievetheyaremadebysurfaction.”构成转折，衔接合理，符合语境，故选F。【19题详析】根据后文“No,butonepossiblesourceoftheconfusionisamatterproducedbyspermwhalescalledambergris(龙涎香).Ambergrisismadeupofsquid(鱿鱼)partsfromthewhale’sstomach.Ambergrisquicklychangescolorsandshapeswhenitisexposedtosunlightandair.(不，但一个可能的混淆来源是抹香鲸产生的一种叫做龙涎香的物质。龙涎香是由鲸鱼胃里的鱿鱼组成的。龙涎香暴露在阳光和空气中会迅速改变颜色和形状)”以及每段段开头都是提问，紧接着闸述了人们混淆沙滩草球与鲸毛球的原因，E项“有什么种类的沙滩球是由鲸鱼产生的吗?”与本段开头的“No”以及后面的阐述衔接合理，语义顺畅。故选E。【20题详析】根据后文“Itissaidthatasingledropoftinctureofambergrisappliedtopaperandplacedinabookwillremainfragrantfor40years.Handlingitleavesthefingerssmellingofitfordays,evenafterafewwashes.(据说，将一滴龙涎香的酊剂涂在纸上，放在书里，香味会保持40年。即使洗了几次，手指上的气味也会持续几天)”可知，本段主要阐述龙涎香在香水制作中的重要作用。G项“龙涎香是罕见的，曾经被视为香水的重要组成部分”与本段主旨一致，故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Severalyearsago,IlivedwithacuriousorangecatnamedMax.Max’s____21____tookhimtomanyplaces—thebottomofmysewingbasket,mylaundrybasket,mydresserdrawers,andunderthekitchensink.ButMaxwasn’ttheonlyonewho____22____everything.Idid,too.Iwasas____23____asMax.I’vechangedlotsofjobs.Evenincollege,Icouldn’t____24____withonemajor.I____25____fromSociologytoBusinessManagementtoWomen’sStudiestoCreativeWriting.WhereverIwentonvacation,I____26____movingtothatarea,andsometimesI____27____did.Then,oneday,whenIleftacupboarddoorhalfclosed,Max____28____itopenandclimbedinside.Iwasatmywits’endwithhimthatdayandyelled,“Max!Justbecauseadooris____29____,youdon’thavetowalkthroughit.”AndthenIstoodstillandreplayedthose____30____inmymind:Justbecauseadoorisopen,youdon’thaveto____31____throughit.Oh,that’swhatIhadbeen____32____myentirelife—walkingthrougheverydoor,takingeveryopportunityandneverthoughtwhetherornotIwasmakingtheright____33____.ThankstoMax,Ilearnedaveryimportant____34____thatday.Sincethen,wheneveranopportunitycomesalong,it____35____meofthosefatefulwordsIsaidtoMax.21.A.responsibility B.popularity C.generosity D.curiosity22.A.lookafter B.gotinto C.takeaway D.huntfor23.A.unpredictable B.unacceptable C.unbearable D.unlucky24.A.come B.meet C.stick D.start25.A.changed B.brought C.ranged D.discovered26.A.remembered B.considered C.avoided D.accepted27.A.properly B.secretly C.formally D.actually28.A.broke B.tore C.pulled D.left29.A.near B.far C.locked D.open30.A.words B.stories C.letters D.songs31.A.escape B.look C.walk D.live32.A.feeling B.doing C.enjoying D.expecting33.A.direction B.turn C.impression D.decision34.A.technique B.trick C.lesson D.subject35.A.recommends B.reminds C.misses D.imagines〖答案〗21.D22.B23.A24.C25.A26.B27.D28.C29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的猫马克斯和作者一样，总是喜欢不断尝试和改变，某天作者无意中对猫说的一句话，教会了作者自己走过每一扇门，抓住每一个机会，不去想过决定是否正确。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：马克斯的好奇心把他带到了很多地方——我的缝纫篮底部，我的洗衣篮，我的梳妆台抽屉，还有厨房的水槽下面。A.responsibility责任；B.popularity受欢迎；C.generosity慷慨；D.curiosity好奇心。根据上文“Severalyearsago,IlivedwithacuriousorangecatnamedMax.(几年前，我和一只名叫马克斯的好奇的橙色猫住在一起)”可知，这只猫很有好奇心。故选D。【22题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是马克斯并不是唯一一个对一切都想进去了解的生物。A.lookafter照顾；B.gotinto进入；C.takeaway带走；D.huntfor寻找。根据上“tookhimtomanyplaces—thebottomofmysewingbasket,mylaundrybasket,mydresserdrawers,andunderthekitchensink”可知，马克斯充满好奇，哪儿都去，作者也喜欢尝试，所以马克斯并不是唯一一个对一切都想进去了解的生物。故选B。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和马克斯一样难以捉摸。A.unpredictable无法预测的；B.unacceptable不可接受的；C.unbearable难以忍受的；D.unlucky不幸的。根据后文“I’vechangedlotsofjobs.(我换了很多工作)”可知，作者和马克斯一样难以捉摸。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在大学里，我也不能坚持一个专业。A.come来；B.meet遇见；C.stick坚持，刺；D.start开始。根据后文“fromSociologytoBusinessManagementtoWomen’sStudiestoCreativeWriting”可知，作者无法坚持一个专业。故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从社会学转到商业管理、妇女研究、创意写作。A.changed改变；B.brought带来；C.ranged变化；D.discovered发现。根据后文“fromSociologytoBusinessManagementtoWomen’sStudiestoCreativeWriting”可知，作者多次改变自己的专业。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我去哪里度假，我都考虑搬到那个地区，有时我真的这么做了。A.remembered记得；B.considered考虑；C.avoided避免；D.accepted接受。根据后文“movingtothatarea”指考虑搬家到度假的地区，故选B。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：无论我去哪里度假，我都考虑搬到那个地区，有时我真的这么做了。A.properly合适地；B.secretly秘密地；C.formally正式地；D.actually实际上。结合上文“movingtothatarea,andsometimesI”可知，作者有时候只是考虑搬家，而有的时候却是真地这么做了。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，有一天，当我让橱柜的门半开着的时候，马克斯拉开门爬了进去。A.broke打破；B.tore撕开；C.pulled拉；D.left离开。根据后文“itopenandclimbedinside”可知，猫拉开门爬进了橱柜。故选C。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天我对他束手无策，我大喊:“马克斯！就因为门是开着的，你不必走进去。”A.near附近的；B.far远的；C.locked锁上的；D.open打开的。根据上文“Ileftacupboarddoorhalfclosed”可知，作者留下一扇橱门半开着，故选D。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我站着不动，在脑海里重复着那句话：就因为门是开着的，你不必走进去。A.words话语；B.stories故事；C.letters信；D.songs歌曲。根据后文“Justbecauseadoorisopen,youdon’thaveto”指作者脑海里在重复自己的那句话。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我站着不动，在脑海里重复着那句话：就因为门是开着的，你不必走进去。A.escape逃走；B.look看；C.walk走路；D.live居住。对应上文“youdon’thavetowalkthroughit”指走进去，用walk。故选C。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：哦，这就是我一生都在做的事——走过每一扇门，抓住每一个机会，却从未想过我的决定是否正确。A.feeling感觉；B.doing做；C.enjoying欣赏；D.expecting期待。根据后文“walkingthrougheverydoor,takingeveryopportunityandneverthoughtwhetherornotIwasmakingtheright”以及上文作者的各种尝试，可知走过每一扇门，抓住每一个机会是作者一生都在做的事情，故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：哦，这就是我一生都在做的事——走过每一扇门，抓住每一个机会，却从未想过我的决定是否正确。A.direction方向；B.turn转弯；C.impression印象；D.decision决定。根据上文“neverthoughtwhetherornotIwasmakingtheright”指考虑做出的决定是否正确。故选D。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了麦克斯，那天我学到了非常重要的一课。A.technique技术；B.trick诡计；C.lesson课程；D.subject科目。根据后文“meofthosefatefulwordsIsaidtoMax”可知，作者对猫说了一句决定命运的话，即反过来多亏了马克斯，那天作者学到了非常重要的一课。故选C。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，只要有机会，我就会想起我对麦克斯说过的那句决定命运的话。A.recommends推荐；B.reminds提醒；C.misses错过；D.imagines想象。根据后文“meofthosefatefulwordsIsaidtoMax”可知为短语remindsb.ofsth.表示“提醒某人某事”。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）语法填空Inthepastthreemonths,theperformanceof“SecretBoxfromtheTangDynasty(唐朝)”inXi’an____36____(become)ahit.TwoyoungactorsactasFangXuanlingandDuRuhui,____37____weretwoprimeministers(宰相)oftheTangDynasty.Duringtheperformance,theactorsdressinancientcostumes(古代服装)andspeakliketheancients.Theyinvitetourists____38____(take)partinaquestionand-answergame.Thefunnyconversationbetweentheactorsa