山西省吕梁市孝义市2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题(解析版)

PAGEPAGE1山西省吕梁市孝义市2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourBestZoosintheUSSaintLouisZooSaintLouisZooisdevotedtoresearchandconservation.In2022,itreceivedtheWorldwideConservationAwardfromtheWorldAssociationofZoosandAquariumsforresearchandworkintheGaldpagosIslands.Thezooishometomorethan16,000animals,whicharekeptincleanandspaciousnaturalhabitats(栖息地).Openyear-roundandfreetovisit,SaintLouisZoohousesAndeanbears,polarbearsandSurnatranorangutans,tonameafew.ZooAtlantaOpenedin1889andoneoftheoldestzoosintheUS,ZooAtlantaisoneofthetopzoosworthvisitinginAtlanta.Hometogiantpandas,Sumatrantigersandwesternlowlandgorillas(猩猩),thezooparticipatesinlocalandglobalconservationprograms.Visitorssaythegorillasandgiantpandasaretwoofthehighlightshere.Adults(12-64):$34;Seniors(65&over):$32;Children(3-11):$26;Children(3&under):free.BronxZooWithmorethan700speciesandanareaof265acres,BronxZooinNewYorkCityisthelargesturbanzoointheUS.Sinceit’shardtoseetheentirezooinoneday,prioritizemust-seeattractionsliketheWildAsiaMonorail(单列车)andtheCongoGorillaForestduringyourvisit.Adults(13&over):$33.95+;Seniors(65&over):$28.95+;Children(3-12):$23.95+;Children(2&under);free.OaklandZooOaklandZooissituatedabout20mileseastofdowntownSanFrancisco,Itishometomorethan850nativeandforeignspecies.VisitorscanseeAfricanlions,Americanalligatorsandgrizzlybearsinlargenaturalhabitats,ZoogoerssaytheylikethehillsidelayoutandtheSkyRidethataffordsbird’s-eyeviewsoftheanimals.Childrenunder2yearsandseniors(76+):free;Children(2-14)andadults(15-75):$15.75.1.Whichzooisawardedforitsresearch?A.SaintLouisZoo. B.BronxZoo. C.ZooAtlanta. D.OaklandZoo.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinZooAtlanta?A.TaketheSkyRide. B.RidetheWildAsiaMonorail.C.Admiregiantpandas D.WalkthroughtheCongoGorillaForest.3.Howmuchshouldayoungcouplewithaone-year-oldchildpaytovisitOaklandZoo?A.$15.75. B.$31.5. C.$33.95. D.$47.9.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国四大最佳动物园的情况。〖答案〗1.A2.C3.B1.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据SaintLouisZoo部分中“In2022,itreceivedtheWorldwideConservationAwardfromtheWorldAssociationofZoosandAquariumsforresearchandworkintheGaldpagosIslands.(2022年，由于在加拉帕戈斯群岛的研究和工作，它获得了世界动物园和水族馆协会颁发的世界保护奖)”可知，圣路易斯动物园因它的研究而获奖。故选A。2.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据ZooAtlanta部分中“Hometogiantpandas,Sumatrantigersandwesternlowlandgorillas(猩猩),the200participatesinlocalandglobalconservationprograms.(该动物园是大熊猫、苏门答腊虎和西部低地大猩猩的家园，参与了当地和全球的保护项目)”可知，在亚特兰大动物园，游客可以观赏大熊猫。故选C。3.〖解析〗数字计算题。根据OaklandZoo部分中“Childrenunder2yearsandseniors(76+):free;Children(2-14)andadults(15-75):$15.75.(2岁以下儿童及76岁以上老人免费；儿童(2-14岁)和成人(15-75岁)：15.75美元)”可知，一对带着一个一岁小孩的年轻夫妻游览奥克兰动物园需要支付15.75×2=31.5美元。故选B。BExploringthepeaks(山顶)oftheworld’shighestmountainsorthesecretsofspacehasbecomealmostsecondnatureforPoornaMalavathandKavyaManyapu.IthastakenManyaputoNASAwhereherresearchhasincludeddesigningspacesuits,andMalavathtothetopofMountEverestin2014,whenshebecametheyoungesteverwomantoclimbtheworld’shighestmountainattheageofjust13.Now,thetwowomenhavechanneledtheirexploringspiritintoclimbingsomeoftheworld’smostdifficultmountainsaspartoftheircampaign,ProjectShakthi,whichraisesmoneytofundgirls’education.AttheendofAugust,theyclimbeda6,012-metervirginpeakinLadakh,India-onepreviouslyunmappedanduntouchedbyhumans,neverclimbedbefore,themountainpresenteddifficultchallengesforevenanexperiencedmountaineerlikeMalavath,fortherewereneitherroutestofollownoradvicefrompreviousclimberstoclingto.“Wehavetoprepareourselvesmentallytoaccepteverything,”Malavathsays.Everymemberoftheteamexperiencedsomeformofaltitudesickness(高原反应)whileclimbingupthevirginpeak.Rainyweatherconditionsthatturnedtosnowathighaltitudesaddedtothecomplexitiesofclimbingthemountain.AndforarelativelyinexperiencedclimberlikeManyapu,thoughshehadtrainedextensively,thechallengeswereevengreater.Inthegroup’sdarkestmomentsonthejourney,theyfoundmotivationinProjectShakthi’spurpose:“Weclimbsothatgirlscanread”,adeeplypersonalcauseforbothMalavathandManyapu.Inthemeantime,theprojecthasalreadybegunselectinggirlswhowillreceiveitssponsorshipthroughthe$12,000ithasraisedsofar.“PoornaandIactuallyvisitedourvillagebackinIndiarightafterwecompletedourexplorationofthevirginpeak,”Manyapusays,“Andwearestartingtheprojectinourvillagebecausethat’swhereourrootsare.”Eventually,theprojectwillaimtosponsorgirlsacrosstheglobe,empoweringthemandofferingthemopportunitiestoreceiveeducation.4.WhatisthepurposeofProjectShakthi?A.Todesignspacesuits. B.Tomapmountainpeaks.C.Toexplorethesecretsofspace. D.Tocollectmoneyforgirls’education.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“clingto”inparagraph3mean?A.Ignore. B.Turndown. C.Relyon. D.Give.6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesclimbingthevirginpeak?A.Dangerous. B.Unnecessary. C.Unchallenging. D.Interesting.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.KavyaManyapu’sAchievementsinStudyingSpaceB.TwoSuccessfulWomenClimbedaMountainforCharityC.GirlsintheVillagesHaveLongSufferedUnfairTreatmentD.DifficultiesPoornaMalavathExperiencedWhenClimbingMountEverest【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了普尔纳·马拉瓦特和卡维亚·马尼亚二人的登山活动和为了慈善攀登一座山做出的努力。〖答案〗4.D5.C6.A7.B4.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第二段中“ProjectShakthi,whichraisesmoneytofundgirls’education.(Shakthi项目，筹集资金资助女孩教育)”可知，Shakthi项目的目的是筹钱资助女孩接受教育。故选D。5.〖解析〗词义猜测题。根据画线词组前“fortherewereneitherroutestofollownoradvicefrompreviousclimbersto(因为既没有路线可走，也没有以前登山者的建议)”可推断，此处的意思是“没有以前登山者的建议可依靠”。A.Ignore忽略；B.Turndown把音量调低；C.Relyon依靠；D.Give给予。画线词组的意思和Relyon最接近。故选C。6.〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第三段中“a6,012-metervirginpeakinLadakh,India-onepreviouslyunmappedanduntouchedbyhumans,Neverclimbedbefore,themountainpresenteddifficultchallengesforevenanexperiencedmountaineerlikeMalavath(这是印度拉达克6012米高的处女峰，以前从未被人类绘制过，也从未被攀登过，即使是像马拉瓦特这样经验丰富的登山者也面临着艰难的挑战)”和第四段中“Everymemberoftheteamexperiencedsomeformofaltitudesickness(高原反应)whileclimbingupthevirginpeak.Rainyweatherconditionsthatturnedtosnowathighaltitudesaddedtothecomplexitiesofclimbingthemountain.(登山队的每个成员在攀登圣母峰时都经历了某种形式的高原反应。多雨的天气条件在高海拔地区变成了雪，这增加了攀登珠峰的复杂性。)”可推断，爬拉达克的处女峰十分危险。故选A。7.〖解析〗标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Now,thetwowomenhavechanneledtheirexploringspiritintoclimbingsomeoftheworld’smostdifficultmountainsaspartoftheircampaign,ProjectShakthi,whichraisesmoneytofundgirls’education.(现在，这两个女人把她们的探索精神引导到攀登世界上最困难的一些山峰上，这是她们的活动“Shakthi项目”的一部分，该活动为女孩的教育筹集资金。)”可知，本文主要讲的是两个成功的女人为了慈善攀登一座山。所以，用B项“TwoSuccessfulWomenClimbedaMountainforCharity”作为本文的题目与文章主题相符合。故选B。CArecentstudypublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanChemicalSocietysuggeststhatLeonardodaVinciwasmoreexperimentalwithhiswell-known“MonaLisa”thanpreviouslythoughtandwaslikelythecreatorofatechniqueseeninworksusedacenturylater.AteamofscientistsinFranceandBritainhasdetectedararemineralcompound(矿物化合物),plumbonacrite,withinthepiece.Plumbonacriteformswhenleadoxides(铅氧化物)combinewithoil.MixingthesetwosubstancesisthetechniquethatlaterartistslikeRembrandtusedtohelpthepaintdry,accordingtothestudy.Detectingtherarecompoundinthe“MonaLisa”suggestedthatLeonardocouldhavebeentheoriginaluserofthisapproach,saidGillesWallez,anauthorofthestudy.“EverythingthatcomesfromLeonardoisveryinteresting,becausehehadlotsofideas,andhewasanexperimenter,attemptingtoimprovetheknowledgeofhistime,”Wallezsaid,“Eachtimeyoudiscoveredsomethinginhisprocesses,youdiscoveredthathewasclearlyaheadofhistime.”The“MonaLisa”,likemanyotherpaintingsfromthe16thcentury,wascreatedonapieceofwoodthatrequiredathickbaselayer.TheresearchersbelievedthatLeonardohadmadehismixtureofleadoxidepowderwithlinseedoiltoproducethethickcoatofpaintneededforthefirstlayer,whileunknowinglycreatingtherarecompound.Nowadays,researchersaren’tallowedtotakesamplesfromthemasterpiece,whichresidesattheLouvreinParisandisprotectedbehindglass.Usingamicrosamplethathadbeentakenfromanareaoftheartworkjustbehindtheframe,however,scientistswereabletoanalyzethepaintbyusingahigh-techmachine.“Thesesampleshaveaveryhighculturalvalue,”Wallezsaid.“Youcan’taffordtotakebigsamplesonapainting.”8.WhyisRembrandtmentionedinparagraph2?A.Todemonstratehisuniquetalentforpainting.B.Toexplainhowheusedthetechniquecorrectly.C.Tostresswhatmadehimdifferentfromotherpainters.D.Toshowthetechniquewasusefulfordryingthepaint.9.WhatdidWallezthinkofLeonardodaVinci?A.Independent. B.Strict. C.Pioneering. D.Friendly.10.HowdidresearchersthinkLeonardodaVincicreatedtherarecompound?A.Byaccident. B.Withotherpainters’help.C.Byreadingmanybooks. D.Throughvariousattempts.11.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthe“MonaLisa”fromthelastparagraph?A.Itdidn’tcontainplumbonacrite. B.Analyzingitspaintisinvaluablebutcostly.C.Itwascreatedinthe17thcentury. D.Takingitssamplesisaneasytasknow.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，一项研究表明，达·芬奇在创作著名的《蒙娜丽莎》时，比人们之前认为的更具实验性，而且很可能是一个世纪后的作品中使用的一种技巧的创造者。〖答案〗8.D9.C10.A11.B8.〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第二段“MixingthesetwosubstancesisthetechniquethatlaterartistslikeRembrandtusedtohelpthepaintdry,accordingtothestudy.(根据这项研究，混合这两种物质是Rembrandt等后来的艺术家用来帮助颜料干燥的技术)”可知，作者提及Rembrandt是为了表明这种技巧，即把氧化铅与油混合在一起使用，能让颜料变干。故选D。9.〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第三段“‘EverythingthatcomesfromLeonardoisveryinteresting,becausehehadlotsofideas,andhewasanexperimenter,attemptingtoimprovetheknowledgeofhistime,’Wallezsaid,‘Eachtimeyoudiscoveredsomethinginhisprocesses,youdiscoveredthathewasclearlyaheadofhistime.’(‘来自达·芬奇的一切都非常有趣，因为他有很多想法，他是一个实验者，试图提高他那个时代的知识，’Wallez说，‘每次你在他的过程中发现一些东西，你就会发现他明显领先于他的时代。’)”可推断，Wallez认为达·芬奇对于他所在的时代具有开拓性、先驱性。故选C。10.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第四段“TheresearchersbelievedthatLeonardohadmadehismixtureofleadoxidepowderwithlinseedoiltoproducethethickcoatofpaintneededforthefirstlayer,whileunknowinglycreatingtherarecompound.(研究人员认为，达·芬奇将氧化铅粉和亚麻籽油混合在一起，制作了第一层所需的厚层颜料，而他却在不知不觉中创造了这种罕见的化合物)”可知，研究人员认为达·芬奇是偶然地创造了这种罕见的化合物。故选A。11.〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段“…scientistswereabletoanalyzethepaintbyusingahigh-techmachine.‘Thesesampleshaveaveryhighculturalvalue,’Wallezsaid.‘Youcan’taffordtotakebigsamplesonapainting.’(科学家们利用从画框后面的艺术品区域采集的显微样本，通过使用高科技机器分析了颜料。‘这些样本具有很高的文化价值，’Wallez说。‘你无法承担从一幅画上取下大样本的后果。’)”可推断，分析《蒙娜丽莎》这幅画的颜料是有价值的，但代价很高。故选B。DSalmonarecold-waterfish,sotheycangetquitestressedwhenswimmingupincreasinglywarmriverstospawn(产卵).Anewstudyshowsthatbyinstalling“coolingstations”inthoserivers,wecouldhelpthethreatenedfishmakethetrip.Whileglobalwarmingiscausingrivertemperaturestorise,spawningsalmonstillgetsome“breath”atwhatareknownasshelters.Theseareplaceswherecoolwaterfromundergroundspringsflowsintothemainriver,bringingthewatertemperaturedown.However,duetotheeffectsofclimatechange,naturalsheltersarebecominglesscommonandmakinglessofadifference.Withthatprobleminmind,hydrologyPhDcandidateKathrynSmithandhercolleaguesfromCanada’sDalhousieUniversitysetaboutcreatinghuman-madeshelters.Twosuchshelters-anactiveoneandapassiveoneweretestedinriversintheprovinceofNovaScotiathissummer.Theactiveshelterusedapump(泵)todelivercoolgroundwaterfromanurbanwellintoawarmstretchofriver,creatingacoolingwaterflowwhichextendedatleast60metersdownstream.Inthepassiveshelter,acoveredtrench(沟渠)wasusedtodirectwaterfromameander(曲流)backintothemainriver.Duringthetimetheredirectedwaterwasblockedfromthesunlight,itstemperaturedroppedaccordingly.Evenwhentheseshelterscooledthewaterbyonlyafewdegrees,spawningsalmoncouldeasilygatherintheseareas.What’smore,greaternumbersofthefishgatheredatthestationsduringaheatwave.Smithisnowplanningonscalingupthetechnologyformoreextensivetesting.SheispresentingherresearchthisweekattheGeologicalSocietyofAmerica’sGSAConnects2023meetinginPittsburgh.12.Whatproblemaresalmonfacedwith?A.Rubbishintheriverisincreasing. B.Fishermencatchthemwithoutlimit.C.Riversaregettingwarmerandwarmer. D.Thetemperatureofriversremainsunchanged.13.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Howsalmonbehaveinshelters. B.Howthetwoshelterswork.C.Theterribleeffectofclimatechange. D.Thehighpriceofbuildingtheshelters.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph5?A.Thesheltersmadeabigdifference. B.Salmonpreferredtotravelingroups.C.Salmonlikedtospawnincleanwater. D.Thesheltersheatedthewaterquickly.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment. B.Health. C.Sports. D.Environment.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过在这些河流中安装“冷却站”，帮助受威胁的鱼类完成这一旅程的原因和具体做法。〖答案〗12.C13.B14.A15.D12.〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段中“Salmonarecold-waterfish,sotheycangetquitestressedwhenswimmingupincreasinglywarmriverstospawn(产卵)(鲑鱼是冷水鱼，所以当它们游向越来越温暖的河流产卵时，它们会感到相当紧张)”及第二段中“Whileglobalwarmingiscausingrivertemperaturestorise(虽然全球变暖导致河流温度上升)”可知，鲑鱼所面临的问题是河水温度越来越高。故选C。13.〖解析〗主旨大意题。通读第四段“Theactiveshelterusedapump(泵)todelivercoolgroundwaterfromanurbanwellintoawarmstretchofriver,creatingacoolingwaterflowwhichextendedatleast60metersdownstream.Inthepassiveshelter,acoveredtrench(沟渠)wasusedtodirectwaterfromameander(曲流)backintothemainriver.Duringthetimetheredirectedwaterwasblockedfromthesunlight,itstemperaturedroppedaccordingly.(主动掩体使用泵将城市井中的冷却地下水输送到温暖的河流中，形成至少向下游延伸60米的冷却水流。在被动掩体中，一条有盖的沟渠被用来将曲流中的水引回主河。在重新定向的水与阳光隔绝期间，其温度相应下降)”可知，本段主要介绍了两个庇护所是如何运作的。故选B。14.〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第五段中“Evenwhentheseshelterscooledthewaterbyonlyafewdegrees,spawningsalmoncouldeasilygatherintheseareas.(即使这些避难所只将水冷却几度，产卵的鲑鱼也很容易聚集在这些地区)”可推知，庇护所起到了很大的作用。故选A。15.〖解析〗推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中“However,duetotheeffectsofclimatechange,naturalsheltersarebecominglesscommonandmakinglessofadifference.(然而，由于气候变化的影响，自然庇护所正变得越来越不常见，所起的作用也越来越小)”可知，文章主要介绍了通过在这些河流中安装“冷却站”，帮助受威胁的鱼类完成这一旅程的原因和具体做法。由此推知，本文最可能来自报纸的“环境”版块。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoOvercomeYourFearsHerearefivepracticalstrategiesthatwillhelpyouovercomeyourfearsandfaceabrighterfuture.IdentifyyourfearsTakeamomenttoexploreinwardandidentifythespecificsourcesofyourfears.Recognizewhatitisthatisholdingyouback.Askyourself,“Whatareyougenuinelyafraidof?”Spendafewquietmomentsobservingyourthoughtsandemotions.___16___.UnderstandtherootcauseSpendsometimeexploringthenatureofyourfears.Beginreflectivethinkingbyaskingyourself,“WhyamIexperiencingfear?”and“Whatiscausingmetofeelanxious?”___17___,youwillgainanunderstandingofthefactorsbehindyourfears.Whenyoudeeplyunderstandthesourcesofyourfears,youareinabetterpositiontoovercomethem.PracticeacceptanceThejourneyofovercomingfearrequiresacceptance.___18___.Instead,itisacatalyst(催化剂)thatguidesyouonthepathofpersonaldevelopment.Byrecognizingthatfearisauniversalhumanemotionthateveryonefacesatcertaintimes,youcanemployitsenergyforpositivepurposes.___19___Toovercomeyourfearseffectively,youneedtosetclearandachievablegoals.That’sbecauseyoucanuseasenseofpurposetodriveyouforwardonyourjourney.Inaddition,breakingdownyourbroadergoalsintosmalleronesisimportant.Takeaction___20___.Startsmallbydealingwiththeleastfrighteningaspectofyourfearandgraduallyworkyourwayuptomorechallengingsteps.Asyougothroughthisjourneyofaction,unexpectedopportunitiesforpersonalgrowthwillarise.Ultimately,you’llstrengthenyourself-confidenceasyoureconsideryourbeliefsaboutlifeandyourself.A.EstablishcleargoalsB.IfyoutakeactionatonceC.AchievegoalsstepbystepD.WhenyouanswerthesequestionsE.ThenwritedownindetailwhatcomesupforyouF.Acceptingfearisnotabarriertoself-improvementG.Atthispointonyourjourneytoovercomefear,it’stimetotakeaction【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何克服恐惧。〖答案〗16.E17.D18.F19.A20.G16.〖解析〗根据本段的小标题Identifyyourfears（认清你的恐惧）及空前“Spendafewquietmomentsobservingyourthoughtsandemotions.”（花一些安静的时间观察你的想法和情绪。）可知，选项与上文为并列关系，说明认清你的恐惧的具体做法。故E选项“然后详细地写下你能想到的事情”切题。故选E项。17.〖解析〗根据空前“Beginreflectivethinkingbyaskingyourself,“WhyamIexperiencingfear?”and“Whatiscausingmetofeelanxious?””（开始反思性思考，问问自己:“我为什么会感到恐惧？”以及“是什么让我感到焦虑？”）及空后“youwillgainanunderstandingofthefactorsbehindyourfears,”（你会了解恐惧背后的因素）可知，当你回答这些问题时，才能了解恐惧背后的因素。故D项“当你回答这些问题时”符合句意。故选D项。18.〖解析〗根据本段的小标题Practiceacceptance（实践接受）空前“Thejourneyofovercomingfearrequiresacceptance”（克服恐惧的旅程需要接受）及空后“Instead,itisacatalyst(催化剂)thatguidesyouonthepathofpersonaldevelopment.”（相反，它是引导你走上个人发展道路的催化剂）可知，空格处应该定义接受恐惧不是……。与下文构成转折关系。故F项“接受恐惧并不是自我提升的障碍”切题。故选F项。19.〖解析〗根据下文“Toovercomeyourfearseffectively,youneedtosetclearandachievablegoals.”（为了有效地克服恐惧，你需要设定明确且可实现的目标。）可知，A项“设定明确的目标”适合作本段的小标题。故选A项。20.〖解析〗根据本段的小标题Takeaction（采取行动）及空后“Startsmallbydealingwiththeleastfrighteningaspectofyourfearandgraduallyworkyourwayuptomorechallengingsteps”（从小处着手，处理你恐惧中最不可怕的方面，然后逐步采取更具挑战性的步骤）可知，选项要说明是时候采取行动了。故G项“在你克服恐惧的旅程中，是时候采取行动了”切题。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。HemanBekelewasnotatypicalhighschoolstudent.___21___spendinghisfreetimeplayingvideogames,this14-year-oldwasconductingexperiments.Hisgoalwastocreatea___22___thatcouldtreatskincancer,andmakeitaffordableforeveryonewho___23___it.GrowingupinEthiopia,Africa,Heman___24___sawpeoplegettingsunburnedbythehotsunworkingoutside.Hedidn’t___25___muchofitwhenhewasreallylittle.Butashe___26___,herealizedhowseriousskincancerreallywas.Skincancerdoeshavecuresanditis___27___inmostcases.However,theaverage___28___ofskincancertreatmentisalmost$40,000.Whenhearingtheshocking___29___,Hemanplannedtocreateamore___30___andaccessiblesolution.Hestarteddoingexperimentsandworkingondifferentthings,whichturnedintohisbarofsoapasaproject.His___31___wonhimtheprizeinthisyear’s3MYoungScientist’sChallenge,acompetitionthat___32___kidstothinkofuniquewaystosolveeverydayproblems.Hemanwassosurprisedand___33___whenhefirstheardthenewsofhisaward.“It’s___34___toseethatmyideascanbe___35___andseenbythesciencecommunity,”hesaid.21.A.Dueto B.Asfor C.Ratherthan D.Regardlessof22.A.website B.product C.hospital D.school23.A.invests B.promotes C.approves D.needs24.A.constantly B.rarely C.objectively D.fortunately25.A.lose B.think C.use D.report26.A.walkedin B.turnedup C.grewup D.gavein27.A.preventable B.complex C.deadly D.treatable28.A.price B.speed C.wage D.life29.A.news B.figure C.secret D.sound30.A.temporary B.peaceful C.affordable D.possible31.A.speech B.honesty C.plan D.work32.A.reminds B.encourages C.warns D.orders33.A.overjoyed B.embarrassed C.frightened D.annoyed34.A.puzzling B.disappointing C.inspiring D.tiring35.A.protected B.permitted C.guided D.recognized【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述14岁的高中生HemanBekele研发出更加实惠的治疗皮肤癌的产品，赢得了3M青年科学家挑战赛的故事。〖答案〗21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.C31.D32.B33.A34.C35.D21.〖解析〗考查固定短语辨析。句意：他没有把空闲时间花在玩电子游戏上，而是在做实验。A.Dueto由于；B.Asfor至于；C.Ratherthan而不是；D.Regardlessof不管。根据上一句“HemanBekelewasnotatypicalhighschoolstudent.”以及语境可知，HemanBekele不像其他的高中生一样玩电子游戏，而是花时间做实验，故选C。22.〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，并使每个需要它的人都能负担得起。A.website网站；B.product产品；C.hospital医院；D.school学校。根据空后“thatcouldtreatskincancer”可知，他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，故选B。23.〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.invests投资；B.promotes促进，推动；C.approves赞成；D.needs需要。根据“makeitaffordableforeveryone”可知，此处指使每个需要购买产品的人支付得起，故选D。24.〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：Heman在非洲的埃塞俄比亚长大，经常看到人们在外面工作时被烈日晒伤。A.constantly不断地，一直；B.rarely很少；C.objectively客观地；D.fortunately幸运地。结合上文提到Heman想要研制出便宜的治疗皮肤癌的产品可知，他应是经常看到人们被烈日晒伤，故选A。25.〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他真的很小的时候，他没有想太多。A.lose丢失；B.think思考，认为；C.use使用；D.report报道。根据下文的转折词“But”以及“herealizedhowseriousskincancerreallywas”可知，他后来才意识到皮肤癌很严重，故此处指他小时候认为这没什么大不了的，notthinkmuchofsth认为某物不怎么样，故选B。26.〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意：但随着他长大，他意识到皮肤癌有多严重。A.walkedin走进；B.turnedup出现；C.grewup长大；D.gavein让步。此处和上文“whenhewasreallylittle”形成对比，指他长大后才意识到皮肤癌很严重，故选C。27.〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：皮肤癌是可以治愈的，而且在大多数情况下是可以治疗的。A.preventable可预防的；B.complex复杂的；C.deadly致命的；D.treatable能治疗的，可治愈的。根据“Skincancerdoeshavecures”可知，皮肤癌在大多数情况下时可以治疗的，故选D。28.〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，皮肤癌治疗的平均价格几乎是4万美元。A.price价格；B.speed速度；C.wage工资；D.life生活。根据“$40,000”可知，此处指治疗的价格是4万美元，故选A。29.〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：当听到这个令人震惊的数字时，Heman计划创造一个更实惠、更容易获得的解决方案。A.news新闻；B.figure数字；C.secret秘密；D.sound声音。此处是指上文的“$40,000”这个数字，故选B。30.〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.temporary临时的；B.peaceful和平的；C.affordable支付得起的；D.possible可能的。根据第一段中“andmakeitaffordableforeveryonewho_____it”可知，Heman计划创造一个更实惠的解决方案，故选C。31.〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的工作为他赢得了今年3M青年科学家挑战赛的奖项，这项比赛鼓励孩子们想出独特的方法来解决日常问题。A.speech演讲；B.honesty诚实；C.plan计划；D.work工作。根据上一段中“Hestarteddoingexperimentsandworkingondifferentthings,whichturnedintohisbarofsoapasaproject.”可知，此处指他所做的工作为他赢得了奖项，故选D。32.〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.reminds提醒；B.encourages鼓励；C.warns警告；D.orders命令。主语that指代“acompetition”，比赛应是鼓励人们想办法解决问题，故选B。33.〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Heman第一次听到获奖的消息时，他感到非常惊讶和高兴。A.overjoyed喜出望外的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.frightened害怕的；D.annoyed恼怒的。根据“whenhefirstheardthenewsofhisaward”可知，得知获奖应是感到高兴，故选A。34.〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“看到我的想法被科学界认可和看到，这很鼓舞人心，”他说。A.puzzling令人困惑的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.inspiring鼓舞人心的；D.tiring累人的。根据“toseethatmyideascanbe______andseenbythesciencecommunity”可知，自己的想法被科学家认可，这是鼓舞人心的事情，故选C。35.〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.protected保护；B.permitted允许；C.guided指导；D.recognized认可，承认。上文提到Heman获奖，故此处指想法被认可，故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Emojisarewidelyusedinourdailylivesandhavebecome___36___importantwayofcommunication.Thefirstemojiswerecreatedin1999byJapanesedesignerShigetakaKurita,___37___workedonamobileInternetplatform___38___(call)i-mode.Kuritaattemptedtodevelopasimplewayforpeople___39___(express)emotionsinshorttextmessages.Asemojisgained___40___(popular),theyfacedasignificanttechnicalhurdle(障碍):earlyemojiscouldnot___41___(send)acrossdifferentmobileplatforms,sincetherewasnostandardizedencoding(编码).Thisissuewasresolvedin2010bytheUnicodeConsortium,anorganizationresponsible___42___maintainingastandardizedencodingoftextandsymbolsacrossplatforms.Thisallowedforcross-platformcommunicationandcontinuedexpansioninemojiusageworldwide.Given___43___(they)originsinJapan,manyearlyemojicharacterswerereflectiveofJapaneseculture.Asthey’vespread___44___(global),newcharactershavebeenaddedtoaccountforculturaldifferencesandprovideamoreuniversalmeansofcommunication.Usersmustalsoconsiderculturalsensitivitieswhen____45____(communicate)viaemojis,ascertainsymbolscanhavehugelydifferentmeaningsacrossdifferentcultures.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了表情符号的起源以及传播过程。〖答案〗36.an37.who38.called39.toexpress40.popularity41.besent42.for43.their44.globally45.communicating36.〖解析〗考查冠词。句意：表情符号在我们的日常生活中被广泛使用，已经成为一种重要的交流方式。可数名词way此处为泛指，用不定冠词修饰，且important是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。37.〖解析〗考查定语从句。句意：1999年，日本设计师ShigetakaKurita在一个名为i-mode的移动互联网平台上创作了第一批表情符号。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词ShigetakaKurita，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。38.〖解析〗考查非谓语动词。句意：1999年，日本设计师ShigetakaKurita在一个名为i-mode的移动互联网平台上创作了第一批表情符号。分析句子结构可知call与逻辑主语platform构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填called。39.〖解析〗考查非谓语动词。句意：Kurita试图开发一种简单让人们在短信中表达情感的方法。在way后用动词不定式作后置定语，意为“做某事的方法”。故填toexpress。40.〖解析〗考查名词。句意：随着表情符号的流行，它们面临着一个重大的技术障碍：早期的表情符号无法在不同的移动平台上发送，因为没有标准化的编码。作gain的宾语，应用名词popularity，不可数。故填popularity。41.〖解析〗考查语态。句意：随着表情符号的流行，它们面临着一个重大的技术障碍：早期的表情符号无法在不同的移动平台上发送，因为没有标准化的编码。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且couldnot后跟动词原形。故填besent。42.〖解析〗考查介词。句意：这个问题在2010年由Unicode联盟解决，该联盟负责维护跨平台文本和符号的标准化编码。短语beresponsiblefor表示“负责”。故填for。43.〖解析〗考查代词。句意：由于它们起源于日本，许多早期的表情符号都反映了日本文化。修饰名词origins应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。44.〖解析〗考查副词。句意：随着它们在全球范围内的传播，新的汉字被添加进来，以解释文化差异，并提供一种更通用的交流方式。修饰动词spread应用副词globally，故填globally。45.〖解析〗考查非谓语动词。句意：用户在使用表情符号交流时还必须考虑文化敏感性，因为某些符号在不同的文化中可能有截然不同的含义。此处为状语从句的省略，且communicate与users构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填communicating。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.最近，你校英文报想要了解学生平时使用手机的情况，因此举行了一次征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.介绍你班同学使用手机的情况；2.你的感受和建议。注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________〖答案〗AsfarasIknow,manyofmyclassmatesareaddictedtosocialmediaplatforms,playinggamesorchattingwithfriendsontheirphones,ratherthanusingthemasameansoflearningknowledge.Ithinksuchbehaviorsareawasteoftime.It’stimeforthemtoseriouslyconsiderhowtousetheirphonesreasonably.Istronglyrecommendthateveryonelimitcellphoneusetonomorethanhalfanhouraday.Moreover,itiswisetoplaylessvideogamesandreadlessuselessinformationonline.第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。KennyMatthewswasjustthreewhentheflathelivedinwentupinsmokein1991.Theaccidentlefthimwithburnsto70%ofhi