高中人教版英语必修四练习Unit2UsingLanguage

Unit2WorkingthelandUsingLanguage词汇知识·自主学习Ⅰ.用本单元适当的单词补全短语1.confusethestudents使学生迷惑2.havenoregret没有遗憾3.chemicalchange化学变化4.ateachstageofproduction在生产的每个阶段5.makeanimportantdiscovery有重大发现6.keepthesoildry保持土壤干燥7.reducepollutionandwaste减少污染和浪费8.underlinethetopicsentence画底线标出主题句9.skimthepassage略读课文

10.makeament发表评论11.therootoftheproblem问题的根源Ⅱ.根据语境用适当的词补全句子1.Inadditiontomystudies,Igotinvolvedinlotsofsocialactivities.2.Hisconfidencebuiltupgraduallyashegainedmoreandmoreexperienceinteaching.3.You’dbetterturntoyourteachersandclassmatesforhelpwhenmeetingwithanydifficultiesinstudy.4.Asweallknow,successliesinhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.5.Althoughhetriedtofocusonhisreadinginthestudy,nowandthenhisattentionwasattractedbytheloudmusicoutside.6.Theteacheroftenmakesmentson/abouthowdifferentthetwoboysare.7.Ihopeyouwillkeepyourselffreefrom/oftobaccoandalcohol.8.Wemustkeepinmindthatpridegoesbeforeafall.9.Itwasfoggy,sothedriverhadtoreducespeedtofortykilometresanhour.10.InthesupermarkettheforeignnamesoftheproductsgotmixedupandIwasconfusedaboutwhattobuy.

Ⅲ.根据课文及汉语提示补全句子1.Recently,however,scientistshavebeenfinding(已经发现)thatlongtermuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamagetothelandand,evenmoredangerous,topeople’shealth.

2.Inaddition,fruit,vegetablesandotherfoodgrownwithchemicalfertilizersusuallygrowtoofasttobefullofmuchnutrition(生长得过快而营养不足).

3.Cropssuchaspeasorsoybeansputimportantmineralsbackintothesoil,makingitreadyforcropssuchaswheatorcornthatneedrichandfertilesoil(从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物,比如小麦或玉米).

4.Theyfeelthatthismakesthesoilintheirfieldsricherin(更富含)mineralsandsomorefertile(更肥沃).

阅读精析·合作学习Task1框架宏观建构:整体理解

Task2文本微观剖析:细节探究

1.根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。(1)Fromthepassage,wecanseeorganicfarmersarethosewho_______.

A.growcropswithchemicalfertilizersB.growcropswithnaturalfertilizersC.produceorganicfertilizersD.carefortheenvironment(2)Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowthat_______.

A.it’snotgoodtoplantgrassbetweencropsB.peanutsusetheground’ssurfaceC.peasandsoybeansshouldbegrowntogetherwithcornandwheatD.vegetablesthatputdowndeeprootsareharmfultothesoil(3)Howmanywaysdotheorganicfarmershavetokeeptheirsoilfertileandhealthy?A.3.B.4.C.5.D.6.答案:(1)～(3)BBB2.运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。译文:为了阻止风把土壤吹走或水把土壤冲走,使用有机耕作的农民们更喜欢在作物之间种草并且把它留在地里成为下一年作物的天然肥料。根据文章内容完成空格。CHEMICALORORGANICFARMING?Scientists’discovery◆Longtermuseofchemicalfertilizerscancause(1)damagetothelandandpeople’shealth.Problemscausedbychemicalfertilizers◆Theydamagethelandbykillingthehelpfulbacteriaandpestsaswellasthe(2)harmfulones.◆Chemicalsstayinthegroundandundergroundwaterforalongtime,which(3)affectscrops,animalsandhumans.Farmersandcustomersturntoorganicfarming◆Organicfarmingissimplyfarming(4)withoutusinganychemicals.◆Organicfarmersoftenpreferusingnaturalwastefromanimalsas(5)fertilizer.Othermethodstokeepthesoilfertile.◆Theyoftenchangethekindof(6)cropineachfieldeveryfewyears.◆Organicfarmersplantcropstousedifferentlevelsof(7)soil.◆Someorganicfarmerspreferplanting(8)grassbetweencropstopreventwindorwaterfromcarryingawaythesoil,andthenleavingitinthegroundtobeeanaturalfertilizerforthenextyear’scrop.Task3阅读思维升华:主题实践

1.结合课文主题,回答下列问题。Whatdoyouknowaboutorganicfarmingingeneral?Organicfarmingisimportantasmoreandmorepeoplefocusonthequalityofthefoodweeat.Itmeansgrowingcropswithoutusinganychemicals.Themainreasonforusingorganicfarmingmethodsistogrowgoodfoodandavoiddamagingtheenvironmentandpeople’shealth.

2.根据提示,运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。(1)他过去很胖,人们经常议论(ment)他的身材,这让他很烦恼。(make+宾语+宾语补足语)。(2)妈妈告诉他他应该锻炼,因为这有助于他增强体质(buildup).(3)他按照妈妈告诉他的那样去做了,减轻了(reduce)10千克体重。(4)他成为了社区的焦点(focus)人物,许多人问他是如何成功减肥的。Heusedtobeoverweightandpeoplewerealwaysmakingmentsonhisshape,whichmadehimannoyed.Hismothertoldhimthatheshouldtakeexercisebecauseitcouldhelphimbuilduphisbody.Hedidashismothertoldhimandreducedhisweightby10kilos.Hebecamethefocusofhismunityandmanypeopleaskedhimhowhemanagedtoloseweight.

要点精研·探究学习1.confusevt.使迷惑;使为难*Itisimportanttoexplainthisagainorwewillconfusethestudents.再次对此作出解释是很重要的,否则我们会让学生们感到迷惑的。*Don’tconfusetheword“crop”with“grain”.不要把“crop”和“grain”这两个单词弄混了。*Iamstillabitconfusedaboutwhathappened.我对发生的事仍有点困惑。*TheinstructionsaresoconfusingthatIamtotallyconfused.说明书太令人费解了,我完全糊涂了。(1)confuseAwithB把A与B混淆(2)confused adj.(人)不知所措的;困惑的beconfusedabout... 对……感到困惑(3)confusing adj.(事/物)令人困惑的;难懂的v.ing形式的形容词表示“事物”的性质和特征,意为“……的;令人……的”;v.ed形式的形容词往往表示“人”所处的状态,常用来描述人,意为“感到……的”。另外,修饰face,look,expression,voice等时,常用v.ed形式的形容词。【巧学助记】一言串记confuseFromhisconfusedexpression,thestudentisconfusedabouttheconfusingproblem.从他困惑的表情看,这个学生对这个令人困惑的问题感到困惑。(2019·江苏高考)Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.一周内,他就成了拥有一个500英尺(1)语法填空。①Thisisaveryconfusing(confuse)experience.②Wefeltconfusedwiththedifficultquestion.③I’mveryconfusedaboutEnglishpronunciation.(2)同义句改写。Hewasconfusedwiththepresentsituationsohedidn’tknowwhattodonext.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)Confusedwiththepresentsituation,hedidn’tknowwhattodonext.

2.regretvt.遗憾;惋惜n.遗憾;懊悔*—Youshouldsaysorrytoyourbrother.—No,Idon’tregretquarrellingwithhim.——你应该向你的兄弟道歉。——不,我不后悔与他吵架。*IregrettotellyouthatIcan’ttraveltoBeijingtogetherwithyouattheappointedtime.我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京旅游了。*Muchtomyregret/Tomygreatregret,Iamunabletoacceptyourinvitation.令我深感遗憾的是,我不能接受你的邀请。(1)regretdoing/havingdone...后悔做了……regretto... 对要做的事情感到遗憾(2)withregret 遗憾地toone’sregret 令某人遗憾的是feelregretfor 为……感到遗憾(3)regrettable adj.可惜的,可叹的【巧学助记】regret用法串记Iregrettedtotellherthatshehadbeendismissed.Muchtomyregret,shesaidtome,“Ihavenoregret.Ionlyregrethavingtakenthewrongjob.”我很遗憾地告诉她她被解雇了。让我深感遗憾的是,她对我说:“我没有任何遗憾,我只是后悔选错了工作。”(2019·浙江高考)Whenshehungup,sheregrettedthewayshehadhandledthecall.当她挂断时,她对她处理的方式感到遗憾。Angerbeginswithfollyandendswithregret.愤怒以愚蠢开始,以悔恨结束。(喻指:由于冲动而导致的愤怒,最终会后悔发生的事情。)(1)语法填空。①Jerrydidnotregretgiving/havinggiven(give)thementbutfeltthathecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.

②Iregrettoinform(inform)youthatyourteamisdefeated.

③It’sregrettable(regret)thatclassicalmusicreceivessolittleattention.④Weheardwithregretthatyouwerenotsuccessfulinyourplan.(2)我对发生的事真的感到后悔。Ireallyfeelregretforwhathappened.

(3)遗憾的是,我们错过了最后一班公共汽车。Toourregret,wemissedthefinalbus.

3.focusn.焦点;中心点vt.集中;聚焦*Theyfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease.他们主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。*Ican’tfocusmyattentiononstudywithsomuchnoiseoutside.外面噪音这么大,我不能把注意力集中在学习上。*Theincidentbroughttheproblemofviolenceinschoolsintofocus.这次事件使校园暴力问题成为焦点。(1)focuson集中(注意力、精力等)于focusone’sattention/one’sthoughts/one’seyeson... 集中注意力/思想于……/眼睛注视着……(2)bring/throwsth.intofocus 使集中在焦点上;使清楚起来;使明朗化;使突出【知识延伸】与focuson同义的短语还有:concentrate...on;keepone’seyeson;fix...on;centeron(1)语法填空。①Havingfocusedhisattentiononurgentproblems,hehardlyhastimetoplaygameswithyou.②Bringthesubjectintofocusifyouwanttohaveagoodpicture.③Withhisattentionfocused(focus)onhishomework,heforgotallaboutwhatIhadtoldhim.(2)一句多译。他集中精力学习。①Hefocusedhisattentiononhisstudy.(focus)

②Hefixedhisattentiononhisstudy.(fix)

③Hewasabsorbedinhisstudy.(absorb)

④Heappliedhimselftohisstudy.(apply)

⑤Heconcentratedhisattentiononhisstudy.(concentrate)

4.reducevt.减少;减缩*Ahealthysoilreducesdiseaseandhelpscropsgrowstrongandhealthy.健康的土壤减少了病害,并且有助于农作物的茁壮成长。Thenumberofemployeeswasreducedfrom40to25.雇员人数从40人减少到了25人。*Ifyoubuymorethanten,theywillreducethepriceby10percent.你如果买10个以上,他们就会把价格降低10%。(1)reduce...by...把……减少了……reduce...to... 把……降到……reduce...from...to... 把……从……减少到……reducethespeed 降低速度(2)reduction n.减少;缩小reduce“减少”的近义词是decrease,反义词是increase,rise(增加)。这三个词与reduce用法一样,后可接to...表示增减的结果,接by...表示增减的幅度。(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress.事实证明,只要看到绿色的、不断生长的东西就能减轻压力。(1)语法填空。①Shereducedherweightby6kilosto30kilos.②Sheisalmostreduced(reduce)toaskeleton.(2)句式升级。Shereducedherweightby6kilosto30kilos,almostreducedtoaskeleton.(用过去分词短语作状语把上题①②两句连接成一个句子)

5.mentn.评论;议论vi.&vt.表达意见;作出评论*Shemadehelpfulmentsonmywork.她对我的工作作出了有益的评论。*I’mnotinapositiontomentonthematter.我无权对这件事发表评论。*—Canyousaysomethingaboutthepresentsituation?—Sorry,noment!——你能对当前的形势说说自己的看法吗?——对不起,无可奉告!(1)makementson/about...对……加以评论Noment! 无可奉告!offerments 提意见(2)menton/uponsth. 对……发表评论mentthat... 评论说……(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourments.务必使用在线课程评估来冷静地提供你的评论观点。(1)语法填空。①Idon’tfeelIcanmentontheirdecision.②IthinkIcanmakements(ment)ontheirtasks.(2)Researcherswhoreadthereportmentedthatithadmanymistakes.

读了这份报告的研究人员评论说里面错误百出。6.Theyfeelthatthismakesthesoilintheirfieldsricherinmineralsandsomorefertile.

他们觉得这可以让地里的土壤更富含矿物质,从而变得更肥沃。【句式解构】此句为主从复合句,that引导的从句作动词feel的宾语。句中“makesthesoilintheirfieldsricherinmineralsandsomorefertile”为“make+复合宾语”结构。其中“richerinmineralsandsomorefertile”为宾语补足语。*Manyfarmersfertilizetheircropsinordertomakethemgrowmorequickly.许多农民给庄稼施肥是为了让它们长得更快。*Iwishtomakethismatterknowntothegeneralpublic.我想让公众知道这件事。make+宾语+宾语补足语makesb.dosth.(迫)使某人做某事makesb./sth.+形容词/副词 使……处于某种状态makesb./sth.+名词 使……成为……,让……当……makesb./sth.done 使某人/物被……(宾语和宾语补足语之间是被动关系)(1)语法填空。①Myparentswouldliketomakemestudy(study)24hoursaday.②Theteacherraisedhisvoicesothathecouldmakehimselfheard(hear).

(2)Theboyhasaneyeforpictures,whichmakeshisparentsveryhappy.

这个男孩对画有鉴赏力,这使他的父母很高兴。【要点拾遗】1.buildup逐渐增强;建立;开发*Youmustbuildyourselfupafteryourillness.患病之后你必须增强体质。*Theirachievementshavebuiltupmyconfidenceanddeterminationinmycareer.他们取得的成就增强了我对事业的信心和决心。*Takingexercisehelpsusbuildupourbodyandkeepaclearmind.锻炼有助于我们增强体质,保持头脑清醒。buildoneselfup增强体质buildupafame 树立名声buildupone’shealth/body 增进健康动词+up构成的短语turnup调大setup 建立makeup 编造;化妆bringup 抚养;呕吐takeup 占据;从事pickup 拾起;偶然学会;用车接某人(1)写出下列句中黑体部分的含义。①Theirwordsbuiltupmyconfidenceaftertheinterview. (增强)②Theybuiltupthisbusinessaftertenyears’struggle. (建立)③ItisreportedthatabigoilwellhasbeenbuiltupintheSouthSea. ((2)Themoreconfidenceyoubuildupinyourself,thegreaterareyourchancesofsuccess.译:你对自己建立的自信心越强,成功机会就越大。2.leadto导致,造成(后果)*Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadtoillness.过多的工作和过少的休息常会引起疾病。*Thereceptionistledthewaytothemeetingroom.接待员引路来到了会议室。*Whatwasitthatledyoutosaythat?是什么导致你那样说的?leada...life过……的生活lead...to/into... 把……领到/领进……leadsb.todo... 使某人做……leadtheway 引路;带路leadto中的to是介词,后应接名词或动名词作宾语。同义于resultin/bringabout,意为“导致”。【巧学助记】语境巧记lead短语Heledtheway,andledustoavillageofTibet.他带路,把我们领到了西藏的一个小村庄。在那里,我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。【知识延伸】含有介词to的短语be/getusedto习惯于lookforwardto 期待,盼望be/getaccustomedto 习惯于stickto 坚持getdownto 着手adaptto 适应adjustto 适应beaddictedto 对……上瘾payattentionto 注意(2019·天津高考)Smallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.顶级食肉动物的微小变化会对整个生态系统产生巨大影响。(1)语法填空。①Theaccidentledtofivepeoplebeingkilled(kill),includingachild.

②Thenewsleadsmetobelieve(believe)thattheywille.

(2)一句多译。这个政策将给这个地区带来更大的不稳定。①Thispolicywillleadtogreaterinstabilityintheregion.(lead)

②Thispolicywillresultingreaterinstabilityintheregion.(result)

③Thispolicywillcontributetogreaterinstabilityintheregion.(contribute)

④Thispolicywillgiverisetogreaterinstabilityintheregion.(rise)

3.keep...freefrom/of使……免受(影响、伤害等);使……不含(有害物)*Thisalsokeepstheair,soil,waterandcropsfreefromchemicals.这也使空气、土壤、水和农作物免受化学物质的污染。*Theylikelivinginavillage,freefrom/ofcrowdsandnoises.他们喜欢住在村子里,远离人群和喧闹。*Ithinkallcagedbirdsshouldbesetfree.我认为所有关在笼子里的鸟儿都应该被放出去。*Theseexerciseshelpfreethebodyoftension.这些训练活动帮助放松紧张的身体。befreefrom/of不受……伤害forfree/freeofcharge 免费freesb./sth.from/ofsth. 解除;去除setfree 释放(1)语法填空。①Ajudgemustbefreefromprejudice.②Yourorderwillbedeliveredforfreewithinatenmilelimit.(2)Ihavetriedtokeepthewoundfreefrominfection.

我已想办法使伤口不感染。4.summaryn.总结;摘要;概要*Picture7showsasummaryofthetwotaskscurrentlysetupinthissystem.图7显示了当前在本系统中建立的两个任务的概要。*Insummary,thiswasadisappointingperformance.总的来说,这场演出令人失望。*Pleasesummarizethetypesandprocessesofblessingsdescribedinthislesson.请总结在本课中描述的祝福的类型和过程。(1)make/writeasummaryof做/写总结insummary 概括地说;总之;简要地说(2)summarize vt.&vi.概括;总结;汇总tosummarize 总的来说(1)语法填空。①Thefollowingisasummaryofourconclusions.②Finally,itsummarizes(summary)themainideasandshortingsinthispaper.③Insummary,itismyopinionthatthispletetreatmentprocesswasverysuccessful.(2)Then,writeaquicksummaryoftheconversationandwhyyouareperfectforthejob.

然后,写一个谈话的快速摘要以及为什么你非常适合这份工作。5.Cropssuchaspeasorsoybeansputimportantmineralsbackintothesoil,makingitreadyforcropssuchaswheatorcornthatneedrichandfertilesoil.

像豌豆或大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤,从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物,比如小麦或玉米。【句式解构】本句中makingit...为现在分词短语作结果状语,表示前面的情况所造成的结果,相当于andmadeitreadyforcrops...;that引导定语从句,修饰wheatorcorn。*Hecutoffthewire,preventingabigfire.他剪断电线,阻止了一场大火。*ManypeoplefromallovertheworldhavemovedtoAmerica,makingitthemostmulticulturalcountryintheworld.来自世界各地的很多人去了美国,使之成为世界上最多元文化的国家。现在分词短语作结果状语,表示自然而然的、意料之中的结果;不定式短语作结果状语表示偶然的、意料之外的结果,且前面常有only修饰。*Hehurriedtotheairport,onlytobetoldthattheplanehadtakenoff.他匆忙赶到机场,结果被告知飞机已经起飞了。(1)语法填空。①Itorethebox,onlytodiscover(discover)thatsomeofthepartsweremissing.

②Jackhasmadegreatprogress,making(make)hisparentspleased.(2)把句子改为以现在分词短语作结果状语的句子。MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,andmakesitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.→MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,makingitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.

主题活动·迁移应用Ⅰ.语用功能表达1.描述农业常用词(1)agriculture农业(2)agricultural 农业的(3)harvest 丰收(4)yield 产量(5)work 工作(6)workhard 努力工作(7)produce 生产(8)laborforce 劳动力(9)laborviewpoint 劳动观念(10)workday 工作日(11)meansoflabor 劳动方式(12)honorable 光荣的(13)bedevotedto 奉献于……2.介绍农业情况的常用句式(1)Haveyoueverdreamtoftastinggreenvegetableswithoutchemicalfertilizereveryday?你梦想过能天天品尝没有化肥的绿色蔬菜吗?(2)Ithasexpandedtoabigfarmcoveringanareaofmorethan1,000muinthepasttwodecades.历经20年它已经扩展成占地1000多亩的大农场。(3)Whatreallymakesitdifferentfromtheothersisthatthevegetablesherearegrownwithoutanychemicalfertilizer.真正让它与众不同的是这里的蔬菜在种植过程中没有使用任何化肥。(4)Therichsoilmakesthesevegetablesfullofnutrition.肥沃的土壤让这些蔬菜营养丰富。Ⅱ.话题情景交流Adam:I’dliketohelppitchinwithdinner.Sophie:Really?You’rejoking.Adam:No.I’dliketo1.dosomethingspecialforyou(为你做点特别的事)onyourbirthday.

Sophie:I’dlikethat.Alright,putonthisapronfirst.Adam:OK...NowhowcanIhelp,honey?Sophie:Hmm,letmesee...Boilsomewaterandthen2.whisktwoeggs(打/搅拌两个鸡蛋).

Adam:Easy.Icoulddothatwithmyeyesclosed.(afterawhile)Done.Sophie:Notbad.Okay,now3.takesomemeatandpotatoes(拿些肉和土豆)fromthefridge.

Adam:Howmanypotatoesdoyouneed?Sophie:Three.And4.bringfourbellpeppers(拿四个甜椒来).

Adam:Gotcha...OK.Heretheyare.Sophie:Nowwashthem,thencutthepotatoesandbellpeppersoff.Then5.slicethemeat(把肉切成片).

Adam:Where’sthepeeler?Sophie:It’sinthecabinet...Adam,6.thegascookerdoesn’twork(煤气灶坏了).

Adam:What?Ohshit!Icutmyfinger.Sophie:Letmetakealookatthat...Ican’tstopthebleeding.Weneedtogotothehospital.Adam:Iguess7.cookingisnotaseasyasIthought(做饭不像我想的那么容易).

课时检测·素养达标Ⅰ.语段填词1.Whileskimming(浏览)anarticle,healwaysunderlines(画底线标出)thewordshedoesn’tunderstandsothathecanlookthemupinthedictionarylater.2.Insummary(总结),peopledon’twanttoment(作出评论)onwhathedid.3.Iregret(遗憾)totellyouthatyoursondidn’tfocus(集中)onwhattheteachersaidinclassyesterday.4.I’mconfused(感到困惑的)whytheyareworkingdayandnight,buttheyieldperunitareaisreducing(减少).5.Thesoil(土壤)providesmuchnutrition(营养)forourcrops.Ⅱ.选择合适的短语填空makeamenton,keep...freeof,turnto,beconfusedabout,reduceto,focus...on,leadto,buildup,keepinmind,rid...of1.Weshouldusenewenergytokeepourenvironmentfreeofpollution.

2.Theprofessor,opposedtocarryingouttheproject,madeamentonthereport.

3.Peopleareconfusedaboutallthedifferentlabelsonfoodthesedays.

4.Thetemperatureis36degrees,butitwillbereducedto20degreesinthenight.

5.Weshouldfocusourattentiononourstudyatschool.6.Thereformhasledtoalotofbenefitstothepeopleandgreatlyimprovedtheirlivingstandards.

7.Thedoctorstriedtheirbesttobuildupthepatient’sconfidencebeforetheoperation.

8.Onceyougetaddictedtosomething,itisveryhardtoridyourselfofit.9.Heturnstothedictionarywheneverhemeetsanewword.

10.Youshouldkeepinmindthatyourparentsloveyoumost.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Thefirmistoosmalltopeteagainstlargepanies.

该公司太小,无法与大公司竞争。2.TheGradeTwoclasseshavebeenobservingtheplantsaroundtheschoolandfindingtheanimalsthatlivethere.

二年级各班一直在学校周边观察植物和寻找生活在这里的动物。3.Youlookaswellasyoudidtenyearsago.

你的身体看起来还和十年前一样好。4.Carbonburnsinoxygenorair,therebyformingcarbondioxide.

碳在氧或空气中燃烧,因而形成了二氧化碳。5.Inadditiontotheprice,youhavetopaythesalestaxonit.

除了价格,你还得为它付销售税。课文语法填空Overthepasthalfcentury,usingchemicalfertilizers1.___________(have)beeverymoninfarming.Manyfarmersweled2.___________(they)asagreatwaytostopcropdiseaseand3.___________(increase)production.4.___________(recent),however,scientistshavebeenfindingthatlongtermuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamage5.___________thelandand,evenmoredangerous,topeople’shealth.Withthese6.___________(discovery),somefarmersarebeginningtoturntoorganicfarming,7.___________issimplyfarmingwithoutusinganychemicals.There8.___________(be)manydifferentorganicfarmingmethods.Allofthemhave9.___________samegoal:togrowgoodfoodandwithout10.___________(damage)theenvironmentorpeople’shealth.

1.【解析】has。考查时态及主谓一致。此处主语为“usingchemicalfertilizers”,且根据时间状语“Overthepasthalfcentury”可知,此处应为现在完成时态的第三人称单数形式。2.【解析】them。考查代词。此处指代前文出现的“chemicalfertilizers”,且作动词wele的宾语。3.【解析】increase。考查非谓语动词。此处为结构“awaytodo”,承前省掉to。4.【解析】Recently。考查词性转换。修饰整个句子用副词形式。5.【解析】to。考查固定搭配。causedamageto对……造成损害。6.【解析】discoveries。考查名词单复数。由these可知,此处需用名词复数形式。7.【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词organicfarming,且which在从句中充当主语。8.【解析】are。考查主谓一致。此处为“therebe句型”,主语为methods。9.【解析】the。考查冠词。thesame...为固定用法。10.【解析】damaging。考查非谓语动词。without+动词ing。课时素养评价六Unit2UsingLanguageⅠ.单句语法填空1.Theroleofanewspaperistopresentandmentonthenews.2.Agricultureandindustryarethebaseonwhichtobuildupthenation.3.Wewanttogiveallchildrenaworldfreefromviolence.

4.Shereducedherweightbyfivekilogramslastmonth.5.Butfrankly,theyweremuchricher(rich)inthespiritualworld.6.Nowonderyouaresotired.Youhavebeenworking(work)allday.

7.Thickblackinklikethatwon’twashoffeasily.

8.Shelookedatherwatchandturnedregretfully(regretful)towardshome.9.Tedwasreallyconfusedbytheconfusingproblemwhichalsoconfusedotherpeopleforalongtime.(confuse)10.Thediscovery(discover)ofthenewevidenceeventuallyledtotheofficial’sbeingarrested.Ⅱ.选词填空beconfusedabout,reduce...by,keepinmind,buildup,leadto,turnto,focuson,makementson,inaddition,putdown1.Theteacherisexplainingwhatwewereconfusedabout.

2.Shehasalwaysbeenencouragedtoswimtobuildupthestrengthofhermuscles.

3.IhadpreparedforthemeetingbyputtingdownwhatIwantedfromthem.

4.Ittookanextraordinaryefforttofocusonpreparinghisclassesorcorrectinghisstudents’work.

5.Theshopkeeperreducedthepriceby20percent.6.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youcanturntomeatanytime.

7.Inaddition,puterisalsoveryhelpfulforstudyandwork.

8.Youmustkeepinmindthatyoushouldn’tlookdownuponanyonewhatevertheywear.

9.Excuseme.Doesthisroadleadtotherailwaystation?

10.FamousexpertsareofteninvitedtoCCTVtomakementsonthecurrentsituation.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Itcreatesastickybrownresidueonpotsthatcanbewashedoff.

它会在罐子上产生粘稠的棕色残渣,可以洗掉。2.Tom,aswellasJaneandRose,isgoingtothefarmonfoot.

汤姆,还有简和罗斯,将步行去农场。3.Hedidn’tetoday,makingitnecessaryforustofindsomeonetodohiswork.

他今天没来,所以我们必须找人做他的工作。4.Ihavebeenwaitingforyouforthreehours.

我已经等了你三个小时。5.Nowonderyoucan’tfindanybodyhere;they’reallawayatameeting.

难怪你找不到任何人,他们都开会去了。Ⅰ.阅读理解ANowadayspeoplearefacinglotsofthreats(威胁)allovertheworld.Aseriousthreattofarmersinmanypartsoftheworldis,erosion(侵蚀).Erosionhappensifalargeareaoflandisclearedoftreesandisthenbadlytreatedbythefarmers.Therainandwindsmaygraduallywashaway,orblowawaymuchofthetopsoil.Whenthishappens,cropsofwheatandcornbeeweakerandweakeruntilnothinggrowswell.Iferosioncontinues,itwillturngoodlandintoadesert.Inthepast,whenerosionappeared,farmerssometimesmovedtoanewplacetofarm.Sometimestheycouldnotmove,butcontinuedtotrytogrowfoodintheunhealthysoil.Thiscausedthemtosinkintopoverty.Soonsomepeoplerealizedthattherewaslittlerich,fertilesoilintheworld.Thegovernmentbegantotrytostoperosion.

OneofthefirstexperimentstostoperosionbeganintheUnitedStatesin1933.TheexperimentwascarriedoutintheareaoftheTennesseeRiver.Floodandbadfarminginthisareahadruinedthelandthathadoncebeenrich.Asaresult,mostofthepeoplelivingaroundtheTennesseeRiverwereverypoor.Thegovernmentbuiltbigdamsacrosstheriverandstoredthewaterforuseduringthedryseason,whentherewasnorain.Thegovernmentworkersalsohelpedthefarmersfertilizetheirsoilandlearnnewfarmingmethodswhichcouldstoperosion.Inthebeginning,thefarmerswerenotinterested.Butsoon,goodhealthycropsbegantoappearonthelandwherenewmethodswereused.Tenyearsafterthatthecropswereextremelygood.Thegreatsuccessofthisexperimentledtosimilarprojectsinotherpartsoftheworld.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,peoplearetryingtogetridofallthethreatstheyarefacing.However,it’snotaneasyjob,becauseatthesametimepeoplearepollutingtheirhomeland.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。世界上许多地方的农民面临的一个严重威胁是水土流失,文章说明了历史上人们采取的一些防止水土流失的措施。随着科学技术的发展,人们正试图摆脱他们面临的所有威胁。然而,这不是一件容易的工作,因为与此同时,人们正在污染他们的家园。1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueabouttheTennesseeRiverarea?A.Itwasanareaseriouslyaffectedbyerosion.B.Itusedtobeapoorandinfertileland.C.Itoftensufferedfromfloods.D.Ithasbeeamodelforotherpartsoftheworldtofollow.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“TheexperimentwascarriedoutintheareaoftheTennesseeRiver.Floodandbadfarminginthisareahadruinedthelandthathadoncebeenrich.”可知,田纳西河流域曾经不是贫瘠的地方。故B选项表述错误。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“tosinkintopoverty”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.tobeeverypoorB.tolosetopsoilinerosionC.tobeeweakerandweakeruntilnothinggrowswellD.toreturnintoadesert【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据画线部分上句“Sometimestheycouldnotmove,butcontinuedtotrytogrowfoodintheunhealthysoil.”可知,有时他们不能移动,只能继续尝试在不健康的土壤上种植食物,这造成了他们继续陷入贫困。故tosinkintopoverty意为“陷入贫困”。故选A。3.What’sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.HowerosionhappensB.TheimportanceofusingnewfarmingmethodsC.TheseriousresultoferosionD.Somethingcanbedonetopreventerosion【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Aseriousthreattofarmersinmanypartsoftheworldis,erosion.”可知,文章旨在告诉人们可以采取一些措施防止水土流失。故选D。B(2020·梅州高一检测)China,endowedwithrichagriculturalresources,hasalonghistoryoffarming.Thetraditionalfarmingpracticewithintensive(精细的)cultivation(耕作)asitsessenceisoneofthemostimportantachievementsofthehumancivilization.ThedevelopmentofagricultureandruralareasinChinaisfacedwithmanyproblems.TheChinesegovernmenthasmadeanumberofimportantpoliciesandmeasurestocauseafastergrowthoffarmers’ineandnarrowtheeverenlarginginegapbetweenruralandurbanresidentsassoonaspossiblemainlythroughfinishingastrategyofbalancedsocialandeconomicdevelopment.We’llgivetoppriorityinallworktosolvingproblemsfacingagriculture,farmersandruralareas,focusingonthefollowingsevenaspects.Firstlywe’llpromotefasterincreaseoffarmers’ine.Secondlywe’llprotectandincreasetheoverallcapacityofgrainproduction.Thirdlywewillcontinuetopromotestrategicrestructuringofagriculture.Fourthlywe’llactivelypromoteprogressinagroscienceandenhanceworkofagriculturalhightechandkeyresearchprograms,andincreaseitsreservelevel.Fifthlywe’llfurtheropenagriculturetotheoutsideworldandactivelydevelopagriculturaltradewithothercountries.Sixthlywe’llspeedupthetransferofrurallaborsanddevelopruralsecondaryandthirdindustries.Seventhlywe’llcontinuetodeepenruralreforms.Priorities(优先权)willbeplacedonreformofrurallandsystem,taxandadministrativecharges,graindistributionsystemandruralfinancialsystem.However,agriculturaldevelopmenthasdifficulttasksandalongwayt