2022年6月四级考试真题 (三)

2022年6月四级考试真题（三）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthe

importanceofspeakingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120

wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

说明：2022年6月四级全国共考了两套听力，本套与前两套相同，只是选项

顺序不同，故不再重复。

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarereuiredto

selectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthe

passage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoice

inthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitem

onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthe

wordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Neon（霓虹）istoHongKongasredphoneboothsaretoLondonandfogistoSan

Francisco.Whennightfalls,redandblueandothercolors26ahazy（雾蒙蒙的）glow

overacitylitupbytensofthousandsofneonsigns.Butmanyofthemaregoingdark,

27bymorepractical,butlessromantic,LEDs（发光二极管）.

Changingbuildingcodes,evolvingtastes,andthehighcostofmaintainingthose

wonderfuloldsignshavebusinessesembracingLEDs,whichareenergy28,butstill

carrygreatcost."Tome,neonrepresentsmemoriesofthepast,"saysphotographer

SharonBlance,whoseseriesHongKongNeoncelebratesthecity'sfamoussigns.

"LookingatthesignsnowIgetafeelingofamazement,mixedwithsadness//

Buildinganeonsignisanartpracticedby29trainedonthejobtomoldglass

tubesinto30shapesandletters.Theyfillthesetubeswithgasesthatglowwhen

31.Neonmakesorange,whileothergasesmakeyelloworblue.Ittakesmanyhours

tocraftasinglesign.

BlancespentaweekinHongKongand32morethan60signs;22ofthem

appearintheseriesthatcapturethesignslightinguplonelystreets一an^3that

makesiteasytoadmiretheircolorsandcraftsmanship."Ilovethebeautiful,

handcrafted,old-fashioned34ofneon,“saysBlance.Thesignsdonothingmorethan

35arestaurant,theater,orotherbusiness,butdosointhemoststrikingwaypossible.

A)alternativeI)photographed

B)approachJ)professionals

C)castK)uality

D)challengingL)replaced

E)decorativeM)stimulate

F)efficientN)symbolizes

G)electrifiedO)volunteers

H)identify

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatements

attachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.

Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychoosea

paragraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthe

uestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

NewJerseySchoolDistrictEasesPressureonStudents—BaringanEthnicDivide

[A]Thisfall,DavidAderhold,thechiefofahigh-achievingschooldistrictnear

Princeton,NewJersey,sentparentsanalarming16letter.Theschooldistrict,he

said,wasfacingacrisis.Itsstudentswereoverburdenedandstressedout,havingto

copewithtoomuchworkandtoomanydemands.Inthepreviousschoolyear,120

middleandhighschoolstudentswererecommendedformentalhealthassessmentsand

40werehospitalized.Andonasurveyadministeredbythedistrict,studentswrote

thingslike,“Ihategoingtoschool,"and"Comingoutof12yearsinthisdistrict,I

havelearnedonething:thatagrade,apercentageorevenapointistobevaluedover

anythingelse."

[B]Withhisletter,AderholdinsertedWestWindsor-PlainsboroRegionalSchoolDistrict

intoanationaldiscussionabouttheintensefocusonachievementateliteschools,and

whetherithasgonetoofar.Atfollow-upmeetings,heurgedparentstojoinhimin

advocatinga“wholechild，zapproachtoschoolingthatrespects"social-emotional

developmentz，and“deepandmeaningfullearning"overacademicsalone.The

alternative,hesuggested,wastofacetheprospectofbecominganotherPaloAlto,

California,whereoutsizestressonteenagestudentsisbelievedtohavecontributedtoa

numberofsuicidesinthelastsixyears.

[C]Butinsteadofbringingfamiliestogether,Aderhold^letterrevealedadivideinthe

district,whichhas9,700students,andonethatbrokedownroughlyalongraciallines.

OnonesidearewhiteparentslikeCatherineFoley,aformerpresidentoftheParent-

Teacher-StudentAssociationatherdaughter'smiddleschool,whohascometoseethe

districfsincreasinglypressuredatmosphereasopposedtolearning."Mysonwasin

fourthgradeandtoldme,TmnotgoingtoamounttoanythingbecauseIhavenothing

toputonmyresume/"shesaid.OntheothersideareparentslikeMikeJia,oneof

thethousandsofAsian-Americanprofessionalswhohavemovedtothedistrictinthe

pastdecade,whosaidAderhold'sreformswouldamounttoa“dumbingdown"ofhis

children'seducation.uWhatishappeningherereflectsanationalanti-intellectual

[D]About10minutesfromPrincetonandanhourandahalffromNewYorkCity,

WestWindsorandPlainsborohavebecomepopularbedroomcommunitiesfor

technologyentrepreneurs,researchersandengineers,drawninlargepartbythepublic

schools.Fromthelastthreegraduatingclasses,16seniorswereadmittedtoMIT.It

producesScienceOlympiadwinners,classicallytrainedmusiciansandstudentswith

perfectSATscores.

[E]ThedistricthasbecomeincreasinglypopularwithimmigrantfamiliesfromChina,

IndiaandKorea.Thisyear,65percentofitsstudentsareAsian-American,compared

with44percentin2022.ManyofthemarethefirstintheirfamiliesbornintheUnited

States.Theyhavehadagrowinginfluenceonthedistrict.Asian-Americanparentsare

enthusiasticsupportersofthecompetitiveinstrumentalmusicprogram.Theyhavebeen

hugesupportersofthedistrict'sadvancedmathematicsprogram,whichoncebeganin

thefourthgradebutwillnowstartinthesixth.Thechangetotheprogram,inwhich90

percentoftheparticipatingstudentsareAsian-American,isoneofAderhold'sreforms.

[F]Asian-Americanstudentshavebeeneagerparticipantsinastateprogramthat

permitsthemtotakesummerclassesoffcampusforhighschoolcredit,allowingthem

tomaximizethenumberofhonorsandAdvancedPlacementclassestheycantake,

anotherpracticethatAderholdislimitingthisschoolyear.WithmanyAsian-American

childrenattendingsupplementaryinstructionalprograms,thereisaperceptionamong

somewhitefamiliesthattheelementaryschoolcurriculumisbeingspedupto

[G]BothAsian-Americanandwhitefamiliessaythetensionbetweenthetwogroups

hasgrownsteadilyoverthepastfewyears,asthenumberofAsianfamilieshasrisen.

ButthedivisionhasbecomemoreobviousinrecentmonthsasAderholdhasmade

changes,includingno-homeworknights,anendtohighschoolmidtermsandfinals,

andaninitiativethatmadeiteasiertoparticipateinthemusicprogram.

[H]JenniferLee,professorofsociologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,andan

authorofTheAsianAmericanAchievementParadox,saysmisunderstandingsbetween

first-generationAsian-Americanparentsandthosewhohavebeeninthiscountry

longerarecommon.Whatwhitemiddle-classparentsdonotalwaysunderstand,she

said,ishowmuchpressurerecentimmigrantsfeeltoboosttheirchildrenintothe

middleclass."Theydon'thavethesamechancestogettheirchildreninternships（实习

职位）orjobsatlawfirms,"Leesaid."Sowhattheybelieveisthattheirchildren

mustexcelandbeattheirwhitepeersinacademicsettingssotheyhavethesame

chancestoexcellater.v

[I]Theissueofthestressesfeltbystudentsineliteschooldistrictshasgainedattention

inrecentyearsasschoolsinplaceslikeNewton,Massachusetts,andPaloAltohave

reportedanumberofsuicides.WestWindsor-Plainsborohasnothadateenagesuicide

inrecentyears,butAderhold,whohasworkedinthedistrictforsevenyearsandbeen

chiefforthelastthreeyears,saidhehadseentroublingsigns.Inarecentartassignment,

amiddleschoolstudentdepicted（描绘）anoverburdenedchildwhowasbeingscolded

forearninganA,ratherthananA+,onamathexam.Intheimage,themotherscolds

thestudentwiththewords,“Shameonyou!"Further,hesaid,theNewJersey

EducationDepartmenthasflaggedatleasttwopiecesofwritingonstateEnglish

languageassessmentsinwhichstudentsexpressedsuicidalthoughts.

[J]Thesurveycommissionedbythedistrictfoundthat68percentofhighschoolhonor

andAdvancedPlacementstudentsreportedfeelingstressedaboutschool“alwaysor

mostofthetime.”“Weneedtobringbacksomebalance,“Aderholdsaid."You

don'twanttowaituntilifstoolatetodosomething."

[K]Notallpublicopinionhasfallenalongraciallines.KarenSue,theChinese-

Americanmotherofafifth-graderandaneighth-grader,believesthecompetitionwithin

thedistricthasgottenoutofcontrol.Sue,whowasbornintheUnitedStatesto

immigrantparents,wantsherpeerstodialitback."It'sbecomeanarmsrace,an

educationalarmsrace,“shesaid.uWeallwantourkidstoachieveandbesuccessful.

Theuestionis,atwhatcost”

36.Aderholdislimitingtheextraclassesthatstudentsareallowedtotakeoffcampus.

37.WhiteandAsian-AmericanparentsrespondeddifferentlytoAderhold^appeal.

38.Suicidalthoughtshaveappearedinsomestudents9writings.

39.Aderhold^reformoftheadvancedmathematicsprogramwillaffect

Asian-Americanstudentsmost.

40.Aderholdappealedforparents5supportinpromotinganall-rounddevelopmentof

children,insteadoffocusingonlyontheiracademicperformance.

41.OneChinese-Americanparentthinksthecompetitioninthedistricthasgonetoo

far.

42.Immigrantparentsbelievethatacademicexcellencewillallowtheirchildreneual

chancestosucceedinthefuture.

43.ManybusinessmenandprofessionalshavemovedtoWestWindsorandPlainsboro

becauseofthepublicschoolsthere.

44.AnumberofstudentsinAderhold'sschooldistrictwerefoundtohavestress-

inducedmentalhealthproblems.

45.ThetensionbetweenAsian-Americanandwhitefamilieshasincreasedinrecent

years.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysome

uestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA)t

B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

uestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Forthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebestwaytounderstanda

conceptistoexplainittosomeoneelse."Whileweteach,welearn,“saidRoman

philosopherSeneca.Nowscientistsarebringingthisancientwisdomup-to-date.

They'redocumentingwhyteachingissuchafruitfulwaytolearn,anddesigning

innovativewaysforyoungpeopletoengageininstruction.

Researchershavefoundthatstudentswhosignuptotutorothersworkharderto

understandthematerial,recallitmoreaccuratelyandapplyitmoreeffectively.Student

teachersscorehigheronteststhanpupilswhoarelearningonlyfortheirownsake.But

howcanchildren,stilllearningthemselves,teachothersOneanswer:Theycantutor

youngerkids.Somestudieshavefoundthatfirst-bornchildrenaremoreintelligentthan

theirlater-bornsiblings（兄弟姐妹）.ThissuggeststheirhigherIsresultfromthetime

theyspendteachingtheirsiblings.Noweducatorsareexperimentingwithwaystoapply

thismodeltoacademicsubjects.Theyengagecollegeundergraduatestoteach

computersciencetohighschoolstudents,whointurninstructmiddleschoolstudents

onthetopic.

Butthemostcutting-edgetoolunderdevelopmentisthe"teachableagentz，一a

computerizedcharacterwholearns,tries,makesmistakesandasksuestionsjustlikea

real-worldpupil.Computerscientistshavecreatedananimated（动画的）figurecalled

Betty'sBrain,whohasbeen“taught"aboutenvironmentalsciencebyhundredsof

middleschoolstudents.StudentteachersaremotivatedtohelpBettymastercertain

materials.Whilepreparingtoteach,theyorganizetheirknowledgeandimprovetheir

ownunderstanding.Andastheyexplaintheinformationtoit,theyidentifyproblemsin

theirownthinking.

Feedbackfromtheteachableagentsfurtherenhancesthetutors'learning.The

agents9uestionscompelstudenttutorstothinkandexplainthematerialsindifferent

ways,andwatchingtheagentsolveproblemsallowsthemtoseetheirknowledgeput

Aboveall,it'stheemotionsoneexperiencesinteachingthatfacilitatelearning.

Studenttutorsfeelupsetwhentheirteachableagentsfail,buthappywhenthesevirtual

pupilssucceedastheyderiveprideandsatisfactionfromsomeoneelse's

accomplishment.

46.Whatareresearchersrediscoveringthroughtheirstudies

A)Seneca'sthinkingisstillapplicabletoday,C)Humanintelligencetendsto

growwithage.

B)Betterlearnerswillbecomebetterteachers,D)Philosophicalthinking

improvesinstruction.

47.WhatdowelearnaboutBetty'sBrain

A)Itisacharacterinapopularanimation,C)Itisacutting-edgeappin

digitalgames.

B)Itisateachingtoolunderdevelopment.D)Itisatutorforcomputer

sciencestudents.

48.Howdoesteachingothersbenefitstudenttutors

A)Itmakesthemawareofwhattheyarestrongat.

B)Itmotivatesthemtotrynovelwaysofteaching.

C)Ithelpsthemlearntheiracademicsubjectsbetter.

D)Itenablesthemtobetterunderstandtheirteachers.

49.Whatdostudentsdototeachtheirteachableagents

A)Theymotivatethemtothinkindependently.

B)Theyaskthemtodesigntheirownuestions.

C)Theyencouragethemtogivepromptfeedback.

D)Theyusevariouswaystoexplainthematerials.

50.Whatisthekeyfactorthateasesstudenttutors9learning

A)Theirsenseofresponsibility.C)Thelearningstrategyacuired.

B)Theiremotionalinvolvement.D)Theteachingexperiencegained.

PassageTwo

uestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Anewbatchofyoungwomen—membersoftheso-calledMillennial(千禧的)

generation一hasbeenenteringtheworkforceforthepastdecade.Atthestartinglineof

theircareers,theyarebettereducatedthantheirmothersandgrandmothershadbeen一

orthantheiryoungmalecounterpartsarenow.Butwhentheylookahead,theysee

roadblockstotheirsuccess.Theybelievethatwomenarepaidlessthanmenfordoing

thesamejob.Theythinkit'seasierformentogettopexecutivejobsthanitisforthem.

Andtheyassumethatifandwhentheyhavechildren,itwillbeevenharderforthemto

advanceintheircareers.

Whilethepublicseesgreaterworkplaceeualitybetweenmenandwomennowthan

itdid20-30yearsago,mostbelievemorechangeisneeded.AmongMillennialwomen,

75%saythiscountryneedstocontinuemakingchangestoachievegendereualityinthe

workplace,comparedwith57%ofMillennialmen.Evenso,relativelyfewyoung

women(15%)saytheyhavebeendiscriminatedagainstatworkbecauseoftheirgender.

AsMillennialwomencomeofagetheysharemanyofthesameviewsandvalues

aboutworkastheirmalecounterparts.Theywantjobsthatprovidesecurityand

flexibility,andtheyplacerelativelylittleimportanceonhighpay.Atthesametime,

however,youngworkingwomenarelesslikelythanmentoaimattopmanagement

jobs:34%saythey'renotinterestedinbecomingabossortopmanager;only24%of

youngmensaythesame.Thegendergaponthisuestionisevenwideramongworking

adultsintheir30sand40s,whenmanywomenfacethetrade-offsthatgowithworkand

motherhood.

ThesefindingsarebasedonanewPewResearchCentersurveyof2,002adults,

including810Millennials(ages18-32),conductedOct.7-27,2022.Thesurveyfinds

that,inspiteofthedramaticgainswomenhavemadeineducationalattainmentand

laborforceparticipationinrecentdecades,youngwomenviewthisasaman'sworld一

justasmiddl