高三英语开学摸底考（上海专用）（解析版）

高三英语开学摸底考试卷01（上海专用）英语ListeningSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Atabookstore. B．Atthetrainstation. C．Inaclockshop. D．Onthestreet.【答案】B【原文】W:I’dliketobooktwotrainticketstoLondontomorrowmorning,aftertherushhour.M:Noproblem.Justgivemeaminute.Therearethreehereat9:00,10:00and11:00.2.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A．100%cottonpantsindarkblue. B．Fashionablepantsinbrightcolours.C．Greypantsmadeofpurecotton. D．Somethingtomatchherbrownpants.【答案】C【原文】M:Wouldyouliketoseethosepantsinbrownandnavyblue?Thesetwocoloursarecominginthisseason.W:Well,actually,greyismyfavouritecolour,butIprefersomethingmadeofcotton,100%cottonImean.3．Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A．Practicingaspeechcontest. B．Listeningtosomeloudmusic.C．Preparingforanoralexamination. D．Talkingloudlyonthetelephone.【答案】B【原文】W:Hey,ifyoucan’tenjoytherockandrollatasensiblevolume,whynotuseearphones?I’mpreparingforthespeechcontest.M:Oh,sorry.Ididn’trealizeIwasbotheringyouallthistime.4．Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?A．Heknowshisweaknesses. B．Heishighlyambitious.C．Hecan’tfacethesituation. D．Heisratherdisappointed.【答案】A【原文】W:Aren’tyoudisappointedthatyoudidn’tgetthepromotion?M:Maybealittle,butIknowIneedmoreexperiencebeforeI’mreadyforthatkindofresponsibility.5．WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutLarryandhisroommate?A．Theyarebothtoblame. B．Theyarebotheasytoplease.C．Theycanmanagetogetalong. D．Theywillmakepeaceintime.【答案】A【原文】W:CanyoubelievethewayLarrywastalkingtohisroommate?Nowondertheydon’tgetalong.M:Well,maybeLarrywasjustreactingtosomethinghisroommatesaid.Therearetwosidestoeverystoryyouknow.6．Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?A．Shewaslatefortheappointment.B．Sheoftenkeptotherpeoplewaiting.C．Sheranintothemanonherwayhere.D．Shecalledherfriendaboutthebook.【答案】A【原文】W:Ihopeyou’renottooupsetwithmeforthedelay.Ihadtostopbyafriend’shometopickupabookonmywayhere.M:Well,that’snotabigdeal.Butyoumightatleastphoneifyouknowyou’regoingtokeepsomeonewaiting.7．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandoing?A．Workinghard. B．Refusingthejoboffer.C．Expectinganotherchance. D．Findinganidealjob.【答案】C【原文】W:TheCostcoWholesaleturneddownmyapplication.Idon’tknowwhattodoifIcan’tfindanidealjob.M:Well,don’ttakeitsohard.Betteropportunitieswillcomealong.8．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．Themovieisgoodexceptthebadending.B．Themoviewonanaward.C．Sheagreeswiththeman’scomments.D．Shedoesn’tlikethespecialeffects.【答案】A【原文】M:Ithinkthehorrormovieisfantasticandthespecialeffectsareamazing.W:Ifithadn’tbeenforitsterribleending,itwouldhavewonanaward.9．Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A．Itisahotandsmoggyday.B．There’satrafficjamonBroadwayStreet.C．Themanisreadingthenewsonair.D．Avehicleispollutingtheairseriously.【答案】D【原文】W:Goodmorning!ThisistheGreenandEnvironmentalHotline.MayIhelpyou?M:Yes,I’dliketoreportasmokingvehiclerunningonBroadwayStreet.10．Whatdoesthewomanimply?A．Themanmayneedtore-evaluatehispriorities.B．Themanshoulddealwiththeurgentmattersfirst.C．Themanhasfailedtotakecareoftheurgentmatters.D．Themanshouldkeeptrackofeverythingusingato-dolist.【答案】A【原文】M:I’msotiredofalwaysfeelingsorushed.W:Maybetheproblemisthatyou’vemistakenwhat’surgentforwhat’simportant.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestionswillbereadtwice,butthequestionwillbespokenonlyonethefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage11．WhichoneisafeatureofmostdesertsinSaudiArabia?A．Richsoil. B．Enoughwater. C．Somecrops. D．Littleshade.12．WhywasAlUlahabitable?A．Becauseithadalotoftrees.B．Becauseitwasalwaysrainingthere.C．Becauseitwaslocatednearabigcity.D．Becauseithadawetlandwithwaterandrichsoils.13．Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A．ThehistoryofSaudiArabia.B．TheclimatechangeinSaudiArabia.C．ThedevelopmentofcivilizationinAlUla.D．ThehuntingtechniquesofthefirstpeopleinAlUla.【答案】11．D12．D13．C【原文】Survivingwithoutwateristougherthansurvivingwithoutfood,andthisisabigchallengeinthedrydesertsofSaudiArabia.Thedesertsdon’thavemuchshade,andthesandsaren’tgreatforplantstogrow.Itmightseemunlikelyforfarms,cities,andcivilizationstodevelopthere,butthat’swhathappenedintheAlUlavalley.Eveninthedesert,therearespotswithwaterthatsupportlife.AlUlaisonesuchplaceinthevastdesertsofSaudiArabia.ThestoryofAlUlastartedmillionsofyearsagowhenawetterclimateshapedabigwatercatchment,likeagiantbowltocollectandstorewater.Mostofthewaterflowedundergroundandgottrapped.Overtime,morewaterwascollecteduntilitreachedthesurface,creatingawetland.Thiswetlandallowedplantstogrowandprovidedfoodformanylivingcreatures.AlUla’sfirstpeoplelivedlikehunter-gatherers,seekingshadeundergianttrees,huntinganimals,anddrinkingfromnaturalsprings.ButAlUlawasn’tjustaboutwater;italsohadrichsoils,perfectforgrowingcrops.Later,thisattractedsettlerswhobuiltacivilizationandgrewcropslikefruitsandwheat.Inthisway,AlUlabecameaplacewherepeoplesettled,developedagriculture,andthecivilizationthrivedandgrew.Questions14through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14．Howmuchdoesthewomanhavetopayforalongdistancecall?A．Afortune. B．Nothingatall. C．Twicethefortune. D．Alittle.15．Whatdoweknowabouttheman’sphonecardfromtheconversation?A．Thecompanywon’tacceptit. B．Itispartlybroken.C．Thedateonthecardisn’tcorrect. D．Itisinusetoday.16．Accordingtothewoman,howwillthemanusethephonecard?A．Answerthepassword,dialhisdad’snumberandthenumberonthecard.B．Dialthenumberonthecardandhisdad’s,theninputthepassword.C．Dialthenumberonthecard,answerthepassword,anddialhisdad’snumber.D．Dialhisdad’snumbertheninputthepasswordandthenumberonthecard.17．Whattimeisitherewhentheyaretalking?A．3:30p.m. B．3:30a.m. C．6:30p.m. D．6:30a.m.【答案】14．B15．D16．C17．A【原文】M:It’smyfather’sbirthdaytomorrow.Ireallywanttogivehimaring.Canyouhelpmemakealongdistancecall?W:Sure,Icallmyparentstwiceaweek!M:Thatmustcostyouafortune,right?W:Youarewayoff!Icallthemcollect,soIpaynothing.However,itcoststhemafortune,buttheylovemesoitisworthit.M:Cool,canIcallmydadcollect?W:There’snocollectcallingtothatzoneyet.Youwillneedtobuyacallingcard.M:IwasgiventhisphonecardatorientationwhenIfirstarrived,butneverusedit.Isitstillactive?Willthecompanyacceptit?W:Theywillacceptanycardexcepttheonesthatareoutofdate.Whatisthedateonyourcard?M:ThecardisoutofdateonDecember7th.W:Youarelucky!Todayisthelastdaytheywillacceptthecard.M:So,howdoIuseit?W:First,justdialthenumberonthecard,thenwaitfortheoperatortoaskforthepasswordonthecard.Afterthat,dialyourdad’snumber.M:Thisisapieceofcake.Iwillcallthemnow.W:Wait,whattimezonearetheyin?M:Theyare12hoursahead.W:Thatwouldmakeitthreethirtyinthemorningthere.M:That’sright.Itiseasytoforgettheyareinadifferenttimezone.W:Seeyoulater.IamofftohelpJerrypracticehisdriving.M:SayhitoJerryforme!W:Iwilldo.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.18．Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A．Aneweducationaltheory.B．Aninnovativetryatteaching.C．Adiligentuniversitystudent.D．Aserioussubjectinauniversity.19．WhatdidRosenthal’slessonsfeature?A．Serioussubjectstowriteabout.B．Fiercecompetitionamongstudents.C．Happyandcooperativelearning.D．Varioustopicsforstudentstovotefor.20．HowdidMaggie’sattitudetowardRosenthal’slessonschange?A．Suspiciousatfirstbutpositivelater.B．Welcomeatfirstbutuncertainlater.C．Disapprovingatfirstbutshockedlater.D．Excitedatfirstbutdisappointedlater.【答案】18．B19．C20．A【原文】

Maggie,abiologyandchemistrystudentatJohnCarrollUniversity,neverthoughtthatonedayshewouldbeinaclassroomwhereanEnglishteacheraskedhertoplayaboardgameinordertolearnaboutclimatechange.

DebraRosenthalistheEnglishprofessor.Atfirst,MaggiesaidshewasuncertainaboutRosenthal’sboardgameidea.However,Rosenthalthoughtherstudentswouldgainagreaterunderstandingabouthowtheirownideasandexperiencesaffectclimatechange.Aftertestingthegameswithsomeadults,shegotpermissiontobuysixcopiesofagamecalledSolutions.Thegoalistopickcardsandthenaddthemtothegameboardinawaythathelpsreduceglobaltemperatures.Studentsdonotcompeteagainsteachother.Theyworktogethertochoosethebestplanofaction.Thegameisdifferentfromotherboardgameswherethegoalistowin.Rosenthalsaidshehopedthegameswouldgivestudentsachancetotalkaboutclimatechangeinanewway.Duringmostclasses,studentsreadmaterialandthendiscusstheirideas.Studentslaughed,disagreedandhadtocallforvotesasawaytodecidehowtomoveforwardinthegame.Maggiesaiditwasa“waytohavefun...whilealsolearningaboutsuchaserioussubject.”II.GrammarandVocabulary（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.RationalPeopleThinkattheMarginDecisionsinlifearerarelyblackandwhitebutusuallyinvolveshadesofgray.Atdinnertime,thedecisionyoufaceisnotbetweenfastingandeatinglikeapig,butwhethertotakethatextraspoonfulofmashedpotatoes.21examsrollaround,yourdecisionisnotbetweenblowingthemoffandstudying24hoursaday,butwhethertospendanextrahourreviewingyournotes22watchingTV.Economistsusetheterm“marginalchanges”todescribeminoradjustmentstoan23(exist)planofaction.Inmanysituations,peoplemakethebestdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.Marginmeans“edge,”somarginalchangesareadjustmentsaroundtheedgesof24youaredoing.Suppose,forinstance,thatyouaskafriendforadviceabouthowmanyyearstostayinschool.IfhecomparesforyouthelifestyleofapersonwithaPh.D．to25ofagradeschooldropout,youmightcomplainthatthiscomparisonisnothelpfulforyourdecision.Youhavesomeeducationalreadyandmostlikely26(decide)whethertospendanextrayearortwoinschool.27(make)thisdecision,youneedtoknowtheadditionalbenefitsthatanextrayearinschoolwouldoffer(highersalariesthroughoutlifeandthesheerjoyoflearning),28(combine)withtheadditionalcoststhatyouwouldpay(tuitionandtheforgonesalarieswhileyouareinschool).Bycomparingthesemarginalbenefitsandmarginalcosts,youcanevaluatewhethertheextrayearisworthwhileandmakethebestdecision29isinyourinterest.As30(show)inthisexample,individualsandfirmscanmakebetterdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.Arationaldecision-makertakesanactionifandonlyifthemarginalbenefitoftheactionexceedsthemarginalcost.【答案】21．When22．insteadof/ratherthan23．existing24．what25．that26．aredeciding27．Tomake28．combined29．that30．isshown/shown【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了边际思维在我们生活中的重要性、运用及好处。21．考查状语从句连词。句意：当考试来临的时候，你要做的决定不是放弃考试还是24小时学习，而是是否多花一个小时复习笔记而不是看电视。分析句子可知，空处缺少从属连词，引导状语从句，结合句意，表示“当考试来临时”，用when引导时间状语从句。故填When。22．考查短语。句意：当考试来临的时候，你要做的决定不是放弃考试还是24小时学习，而是是否多花一个小时复习笔记而不是看电视。根据reviewingyournotes及watchingTV可知，空前空后为并列结构，且表示“而不是”，可以填写insteadof或者ratherthan。故填insteadof/ratherthan。23．考查形容词。句意：经济学家使用术语“边际变化”来描述对现有行动计划的微小调整。分析句子可知，空处缺少定语修饰plan，表示“现存的”，用对应的形容词existing。故填existing。24．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：边际是“边缘”的意思，所以边际变化是围绕你所做事情的边缘进行的调整。分析句子可知，of为介词，其后句子是宾语从句，从句部分缺少doing的宾语，用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。25．考查代词。句意：如果他帮你比较一个有博士学位的人的生活方式和一个小学辍学的人的生活方式，你可能会抱怨这种比较对你的决定没有帮助。根据句意可知，比较的是博士和小学辍学人的生活方式，在同一个句子中进行比较，用that/those指代句子的主语，lifestyle为单数，用that。故填that。26．考查动词时态。句意：你已经接受了一些教育，很可能正在决定是否在学校多读一两年。根据Youhavesomeeducationalready可知，语境表示正在决定是否继续读书，用现在进行时bedoing，主语为you，be动词用are。故填aredeciding。27．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了做出这个决定，你需要知道多上一年学能带来的额外好处（一生中更高的薪水和纯粹的学习乐趣），以及你要支付的额外成本（学费和在校期间放弃的工资）。根据语境可知，空处表示目的，用动词不定式tomake表示目的。故填Tomake。28．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了做出这个决定，你需要知道多上一年学能带来的额外好处（一生中更高的薪水和纯粹的学习乐趣），以及你要支付的额外成本（学费和在校期间放弃的工资）。分析本句可知，空处要用非谓语动词，结合with，空处表示“与……结合”，用过去分词。故填combined。29．考查定语从句关系词。句意：通过比较这些边际收益和边际成本，你可以评估额外一年是否值得，并做出符合你利益的最佳决定。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系代词引导定语从句，先行词为decision，由thebest修饰，此处用关系代词that引导从句，作主语。故填that。30．考查动词时态和语态及省略。句意：正如这个例子所示，个人和公司可以通过考虑边际来做出更好的决策。As引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少谓语，表示“被展示”，用一般现在时的被动语态，asisshown意思为：正如所示，此处is可以省略。故填isshown/shown。SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouA．liveB．adaptedC．perspectiveD．maximizeE.costumesF.injectG.creditedH.directorialI.publicityJ.prospectK.integratedYoungChineseoperadirectorbroadenstraditionalartform“Chineseoperaartislikeahugesponge,constantlyabsorbing,transforming,mergingandflourishing,”saystraditionalChineseoperadirectorLiZhuoqun,whois31withcreatingamarketfortraditionaloperashowsinsmalltheatersacrossChina.Performedin2013,LiZhuoqun’sfirst32work“DeathDoUsPart”isastory33fromthe14th-centuryChineseclassicnovel“WaterMargin”.Li,agraduateoftheNationalAcademyofChineseTheaterArts,saysthatperformingthisclassicpiecefortoday’saudienceisanexperimentandachallenge.“Wedecidedtoshortenthedivorcescenethatlastedfourorfivedaysinorderto34theeffectofourvocalsanddramaticperformances.Wealsoinvitedmoderndancerstoworkwithus.We35theperformancemethodsoftraditionaloperawiththerhythmofmodemdance.”Lidefinesherteamas“small,deep,refinedandbroad”.Sheexplained,“‘Small’initssize,volumeand36.‘Deep’referstoourperformanceandthedepthofthescript.‘Refined’referstotheproductionofthe37makeup,props,soundandlight.‘Broad’referstoits38andoperation.”“Wetargetallagesandawideraudience.”ToLi,traditionaloperais“theartofregret”duetotheuniquecharmof39performances.Sheaimstoallowtheaudiencetoenjoyeveryminuteoftheshowanddrawmorepeopletothetheater.Lisaid,“Wehopetofindapossibilityforsmalltheateroperatomakeabreakthroughintermsofthemarketandtargetaudience.Withthedevelopmentofaesthetics(审美)andsociety,ourgenerationneedsto40awiderandmorevariedartisticvocabularyintotraditionalopera.Yetitshouldstilldeveloponthebasisofmaintainingthecharacteristicsoftraditionalopera.”【答案】31．G32．H33．B34．D35．K36．C37．E38．I39．A40．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国戏曲青年导演拓宽了传统艺术形式。31．考查动词。句意：“中国戏曲艺术就像一块巨大的海绵，不断地吸收、改造、融合和繁荣，”中国传统戏曲导演李卓群说，他被认为为中国各地的小剧场创造了传统戏曲表演市场。根据句意可知，此处表示“被认为”，credited符合句意，与空前is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故选G。32．考查形容词。句意：2013年，李卓群导演的第一部作品《至死不渝》上映，故事改编自14世纪中国经典小说《水浒传》。根据句意可知，此处表示“导演的”，directorial符合句意，修饰名词work，作定语。故选H。33．考查非谓语动词。句意：2013年，李卓群导演的第一部作品《至死不渝》上映，故事改编自14世纪中国经典小说《水浒传》。根据句意可知，此处表示“改编”，adapted符合句意，属于过去分词，作后置定语。故选B。34．考查动词。句意：为了最大限度地发挥我们的声音和戏剧效果，我们决定缩短4、5天的离婚场面。根据句意可知，此处表示“使增加到最大限度”，maximize符合句意，固定搭配inordertodosth.，空处使用动词原形。故选D。35．考查动词。句意：我们将传统戏曲的表演方法与现代舞的节奏相结合。根据句意可知，此处表示“（使）合并，成为一体”，integrated符合句意，此处是一般过去时。故选K。36．考查名词。句意：“小”是指它的大小、体积和视角。根据句意可知，此处表示“视角”，perspective符合句意。故选C。37．考查名词。句意：“精致”指的是服装、化妆、道具、声光的制作。根据句意可知，此处表示“服装”，costumes符合句意。故选E。38．考查名词。句意：“广”指的是宣传和经营。根据句意可知，此处表示“宣传”，publicity符合句意。故选I。39．考查形容词。句意：对李来说，由于现场表演的独特魅力，传统戏曲是“遗憾的艺术”。根据句意可知，此处表示“现场的”，live符合句意，修饰名词performances，作定语。故选A。40．考查动词。句意：随着审美和社会的发展，我们这代人需要为传统戏曲注入更广泛、更丰富的艺术词汇。根据句意可知，此处表示“注入”，inject符合句意，固定搭配needtodo，空处使用动词原形。故选F。III.ReadingComprehension(共45分。41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontextClaraDalywasseatedonanAlaskaAirlinesflightfromBostontoLosAngeleswhenaflightattendant(服务员)askedanurgentquestionovertheloudspeaker:“DoesanyoneonboardknowAmericanSignLanguage?”Clarapressedthecallbutton.Theflightattendant41andexplainedthesituation.“Wehaveapassengerontheplanewho’s42anddeaf”,shesaid.Thepassengerseemedtowantsomething,buthewastravelingaloneandtheflightattendantscouldn’t43whatheneeded.ClarahadbeenstudyingASLforthepastyearandwasabletofingerspellontheman’shand.Soshe44herseatbelt,walkedtowardthefrontoftheplane,and45bytheseatofthepassenger.TimCookGentlytakinghishand,shewrote:“Howareyou?AreyouOK?”Timaskedforsomewater.Whenitarrived,Clarareturnedtoherseat.ShecameagainabitlaterbecauseTimwantedtoknowthetime.Claragothimtoknowthatitwasnearly10a.m.Onherthird46,shestoppedandstayedforawhile.“Wow,thisiscool”Clarasaidtotheflightattendant.Infact,hedidn’tneedanything.Hewasjust47andwantedtotalk.”Soforthenexthour,theywereboth48,chattingwitheachother.Shetalkedaboutherfamilyandher49forthefuture(shewantstobeapolitician).TimtoldClarahowhehad50becomeblindovertimeand51storiesofhisdaysasatravelingsalesman.“Clarawas52,”theflightattendanttoldNewYorkTimesduringanonline53.“YoucouldseeTimwasveryexcitedtohavesomeonehecould54with,andClarawaslikea(an)55,appearinginneed,unexpectedly.”Cook’sreaction:“BesttripI’veeverhad.”41．A．approached B．spanned C．demonstrated D．delivered42．A．damp B．lame C．sick D．blind43．A．distinguish B．mention C．motivate D．comprehend44．A．left B．tied C．unfastened D．broke45．A．stoodup B．bentover C．laydown D．turnedover46．A．journey B．chat C．letter D．visit47．A．terrified B．pleasant C．lonely D．delighted48．A．displayed B．regretful C．relaxed D．lucky49．A．courses B．schedules C．contradictions D．issues50．A．generally B．immediately C．increasingly D．gradually51．A．shared B．forgot C．repeated D．complained52．A．tense B．ashamed C．selfish D．caring53．A．interview B．job C．lesson D．opportunity54．A．live B．work C．communicate D．start55．A．attendant B．angel C．hostess D．dancer【答案】41．A42．D43．D44．C45．B46．D47．C48．C49．B50．D51．A52．D53．A54．C55．B【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了航班上的热心乘客Clara学过手语，帮助航班上的聋哑人Tim解决了所需，并陪他聊天度过漫长的飞行时间的故事。41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：空乘走近并解释了情况。A.approached靠近，走近；B.spanned持续，横跨；C.demonstrated证明；D.delivered递送。根据前文“whenaflightattendant(服务员)askedanurgentquestionovertheloudspeaker:“DoesanyoneonboardknowAmericanSignLanguage?”Clarapressedthecallbutton.”可知，空乘询问是否有人懂手语，Clara按下了按钮，因此空乘向她走近，并解释了情况，故选A。42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说道：“飞机上有个聋哑人”。A.damp潮湿的；B.lame瘸的，跛的；C.sick生病的；D.blind瞎的。根据后文的词义复现“TimtoldClarahowhehad10becomeblindovertime”可知，Tim告诉Clara他是如何失明的，故此处指这位乘客是既是盲人又是聋子，故选D。43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位乘客似乎想要什么东西，但是他独自前行，空乘无法理解他需要什么。A.distinguish区别，区分；B.mention提到，提及；C.motivate激励，刺激；D.comprehend理解，懂得。根据前文““Wehaveapassengerontheplanewho’s2anddeaf”,shesaid.”可知，飞机上的这位乘客既是盲人又是聋子，故空乘无法理解他所需要的东西，故选D。44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此她解开安全带，向飞机前排走去，并在这位乘客的座位旁俯下身来。A.left离开；B.tied系；C.unfastened解开，松开；D.broke打破，打碎。根据空后“walkedtowardthefrontoftheplane,”可知，她向飞机的前排走过，故此处指解开安全带，故选C。45．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：同上。A.stoodup站起来；B.bentover俯下身；C.laydown躺下；D.turnedover转过身。根据空后“bytheseatofthepassenger”可知，她是在这位乘客座位旁俯下身来询问他，故选B。46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她第三次去的时候，他在那里逗留并待了一会儿。A.journey旅行；B.chat聊天；C.letter信；D.visit到访，询问。根据前文“ShecameagainabitlaterbecauseTimwantedtoknowthetime.Claragothimtoknowthatitwasnearly10a.m.”可知，之前Clara因为Tim想要喝水和询问时间去了两次，故此次是第三次到访，第三次询问，故选D。47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他只是有点孤独，想要与人聊天。A.terrified害怕的；B.pleasant愉快的；C.lonely孤独的；D.delighted高兴的。根据空后“wantedtotalk”可知，他想要与人聊天，故他是孤独的，故选C。48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，接下来的四个小时，他们都很放松，相互聊天。A.displayed被展示的；B.regretful后悔的；C.relaxed放松的；D.lucky幸运的。根据后文“Shetalkedaboutherfamilyandher9forthefuture(shewantstobeapolitician).TimtoldClarahowhehad10becomeblindovertimeand11storiesofhisdaysasatravelingsalesman.”可知，他们相互介绍自己的故事、家人和遭遇，故此处指他们轻松地聊着天，故选C。49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她谈论起她的家人以及未来的规划，她想要成为一名政客。A.courses道路，总方向；B.schedules日程安排；C.contradictions矛盾；D.issues问题。根据空后“forthefuture(shewantstobeapolitician)”可知，她未来想要成为一名政客，故此处指她谈起她未来的的规划，故选B。50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Tim告诉Clara他是如何随着时间的推移而渐渐地失明的，并分享了他作为旅行推销员的故事。A.generally一般地；B.immediately立刻，马上；C.increasingly越来越；D.gradually渐渐地，逐渐地。根据空后“becomeblindovertime”可知，随着时间的推移而失明，故此处指渐渐地失明，故选D。51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.shared分享；B.forgot忘记；C.repeated重复；D.complained抱怨。根据空后“storiesofhisdaysasatravelingsalesman”可知，此处指分享他作为旅行推销员的故事，故选A。52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一次网上的采访中，Clara告诉《纽约时报》：“Clara是很有爱心的”。A.tense紧张的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.selfish自私的；D.caring有爱心的。根据前文“Soforthenexthour,theywereboth8,chattingwitheachother.”可知，Clara陪盲人Tim在飞机上聊天，以排解Tim的孤独可知，Clara是一个有爱心的人。故选D。53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.interview采访；B.job工作；C.lesson课程；D.opportunity机会。根据前文“theflightattendanttoldNewYorkTimes”可知，空乘向《纽约时报》讲述这件事，故是在一次网上采访中，故选A。54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以看到，有人和Tim聊天，Tim和激动，Clara就像一个天使，在需要她的时候出现了。A.live生活；B.work工作；C.communicate交流，聊天；D.start启动。根据前文“Soforthenexthour,theywereboth8,chattingwitheachother.”可知，Clara陪盲人Tim在飞机上聊天，以排解Tim的孤独可知，故Tim很激动，因为有人陪他聊天，故选C。55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以看到，有人和Tim聊天，Tim和激动，Clara就像一个天使，在需要她的时候出现了。A.attendant乘务员；B.angel天使；C.hostess主持人；D.dancer舞蹈者。根据空后“appearinginneed”可知，在最需要她的时候出现了，故她就像天使一样，故填B。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Photosynthesis(光合作用)isauniqueskillofgreenplants—theyturnwaterandcarbondioxideintooxygenandfoodviasunlight.AgroupofChinesescientists,however,“copied”theprocessonanimals.Tounderstandthenewbreakthrough,itisimportanttoknowhowphotosynthesisworks.Plantstakeincarbondioxideandwaterfromtheairandsoil.Withintheplantcell,thewaterisoxidized.Thistransformsthewaterintooxygenandthecarbondioxideintoglucose(葡萄糖).Theplantthenreleasestheoxygenbackintotheairandstoresenergywithintheglucosemolecules.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromZhejiangUniversitydevelopedanindependentandcontrollablephotosyntheticsystem,accordingtothestudypublishedinNatureinearlyDecember,2022.Theyseparatedthylakoids(类囊体),apartofthecellwherelightreactionstakeplaceinplants,fromyoungspinachleaves.Thescientiststhenwrappedthethylakoidswiththecoverofanimalcells,whichmadetheimplantedthylakoidsmoreacceptabletoforeignbodies.Themiceusedinthestudyweresufferingfromarthritis,meaningcellsintheircartilagehaddegeneratedandcouldnotberepairedbythemselves.Withthethylakoidsimplantedintothemiceandexposedtolight,themicerecovered.Theirmetabolismreturnedtonormal.Inarthritis,thepatientsusuallyhaveenergylosssincefewerenergy-carryingmoleculesaregenerated.Theimplant,however,cancorrecttheimbalancebystoringmoreenergyviaphotosynthesis.Theresearchersalsoclaimedthattheirtestswouldhavemedicalusage.Itcanbeusedaspartofthesolutionfordegenerativediseasesbecausethenaturalphotosynthesissystemmayrepaircells.Itmayalsodelaytheagingprocessincells.Thestudyshowed“anexcitingachievementthatopensuppossibilitiesofmetabolismengineering,”commentedoneofthepaper’sreviewersFranciscoCejudofromtheUniversityofSevilleinSpain,reportedXinhua.56．Whatismainlymentionedintheparagraph2?A．Thetheorybehindtheexperiment. B．Thebackgroundoftheexperiment.C．Theproceduresoftheexperiment. D．Theeffectsoftheexperiment.57．Accordingtothepassage,whatisthefollowinginformationtrue?A．AgroupofChinesescientistscopiedthephotosynthesisofanimalsonplants.B．Theplaceinwhichtheplantstoresenergyisthylakoids.C．Thethylakoidswrappedbyanimalcellsmakeitselfacceptedwitheasebyforeignbodies.D．Thistherapyhasbeenusedaspartofthesolutionfordegenerativediseases.58．Whatistheattitudeofacommentatortowardstheexistingstudiesaboutthestudy?A．Cautious. B．Approving. C．Doubtful. D．Uncertain.59．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．EffectivePhotosynthesis.B．BreakthroughsmadebyagroupofChinesescientists.C．ChinesescientistswhocopiedPhotosynthesisonanimals.D．ChinesescientistscopiedPhotosynthesisonanimals.【答案】56．A57．C58．B59．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了一个中国科学团队在动物身上“复制”了植物所特有的光合作用的全过程。56．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“AgroupofChinesescientists,however,”copied”theprocessonanimals.(然而，一群中国科学家在动物身上“复制”了这一过程。)”及第二段“Tounderstandthenewbreakthrough,itisimportanttoknowhowphotosynthesisworksPlantstakeincarbondioxideandwaterfromtheairandsoil.Withintheplantcell,thewaterisoxidized.Thistransformsthewaterintooxygenandthecarbondioxideintoglucose(葡萄糖).Theplantthenreleasestheoxygenbackintotheairandstoresenergywithintheglucosemolecules.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromZhejiangUniversitydevelopedanindependentandcontrollablephotosyntheticsystem,accordingtothestudypublishedinNatureinearlyDecember,2022.(为了理解这一新的突破，了解光合作用是如何工作的是很重要的。植物从空气和土壤中吸收二氧化碳和水。在植物细胞内，水被氧化。这个过程将水转